阅读说明：本技术 一种微型线材超精密旋转车削机头及其加工工艺 (Ultra-precise rotary turning machine head for micro wire and machining process thereof ) 是由 刘正 于 2021-08-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种微型线材超精密旋转车削机头,包括一气浮转台、一中空的步进电机、多个车刀架、多个弹簧与一中空锥形的丝杠滑台,气浮转台设有一阶梯槽,阶梯槽的底端处设有一盖板,盖板的底端设有丝杠滑台,丝杠滑台的底端处设有步进电机,或者步进电机为压电陶瓷大行程纳米滑台,盖板穿设有车刀架,车刀架与气浮转台之间压设有弹簧,并且与丝杠滑台线性抵接,气浮转台的中心位置处设有一线材孔。该微型线材超精密旋转车削机头具有提高车削工艺精度,实现轴向和径向的同步进给,降本增效,提高通用性以及使用范围等优点。(The invention relates to a micro wire ultra-precise rotary turning machine head which comprises an air floatation rotary table, a hollow stepping motor, a plurality of turning tool rests, a plurality of springs and a hollow conical lead screw sliding table, wherein the air floatation rotary table is provided with a stepped groove, a cover plate is arranged at the bottom end of the stepped groove, the lead screw sliding table is arranged at the bottom end of the cover plate, the stepping motor is arranged at the bottom end of the lead screw sliding table, or the stepping motor is a piezoelectric ceramic large-stroke nano sliding table, the turning tool rests are arranged in the cover plate in a penetrating mode, the springs are arranged between the turning tool rests and the air floatation rotary table in a pressing mode and are in linear abutting joint with the lead screw sliding table, and a wire hole is formed in the center of the air floatation rotary table. The micro wire ultra-precise rotary turning machine head has the advantages of improving the turning process precision, realizing axial and radial synchronous feeding, reducing cost and improving efficiency, improving universality and application range and the like.)

1. The utility model provides a miniature wire rod ultra-precise rotation turning aircraft nose which characterized in that: including an air supporting revolving stage, a hollow step motor, a plurality of lathe saddle, a plurality of spring and a cavity conical lead screw slip table, the air supporting revolving stage is equipped with a ladder groove, the bottom department in ladder groove is equipped with an apron, the bottom of apron is equipped with the lead screw slip table, the bottom department of lead screw slip table is equipped with step motor, perhaps step motor is piezoceramics long-range nanometer slip table, the apron is worn to be equipped with the lathe saddle, the lathe saddle with press between the air supporting revolving stage to be equipped with the spring, and with the linear butt of lead screw slip table, the central point of air supporting revolving stage puts the department and is equipped with a wire rod hole.

2. The ultra-precise rotary turning head for the micro-wires according to claim 1, wherein the lead screw sliding table is provided with a conical surface, the included angle between the conical surface and the horizontal plane is alpha, and the included angle alpha ranges from 0 degrees to alpha < 90 degrees.

3. The micro-wire ultra-precise rotary turning head according to claim 2, wherein the included angle α is 45 °.

4. The ultra-precise rotary micro-wire turning machine head as claimed in claim 2, wherein one end of the turning tool holder is provided with a bevel, and the bevel is in linear abutment with the bevel through an oil film.

5. The ultra-precise rotary micro-wire-turning machine head according to claim 1, wherein the stepping motor is provided with a central hole, an arc is arranged at one end of the central hole, and the central lines of the central hole, the screw sliding table and the wire hole coincide.

6. The ultra-precise rotary micro-wire turning machine head as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cover plate is provided with insertion holes uniformly distributed on the circumference, the turning tool holder is inserted into the insertion holes, and a micro-turning tool is arranged at the top end of the turning tool holder.

7. The ultra-precise rotary micro-wire turning machine head as claimed in claim 6, wherein the turning tool holder is provided with a groove, and the spring is pressed into the groove and the insertion hole.

8. The ultra-precise rotary turning head for the micro wire rod according to claim 7, wherein the micro turning tool is any one of a grooving tool, a conical tool and an external thread tool.

9. A process for manufacturing the ultra-precise rotary turning head for micro-wires according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:

9.1 the micro feeding mechanism leads the micro wire to pass through the stepping motor 40 of the hollow shaft lead screw and the lead screw sliding table and is sent to the symmetrical center of the micro turning tool, and the feeding is stopped at the moment;

9.2 the air-floating rotary table drives the turning tool rest and the micro turning tool to rotate at a high speed, the axial runout of the air-floating rotary table is 0.01 mu m at most, and the radial runout of the air-floating rotary table is 0.0123 mu m at most;

9.3 the stepping motor rotates and pushes the screw rod sliding table to do feeding motion, the conical surface feeds and extrudes the inclined surface of the turning tool rest, the spring is compressed to enable the turning tool rest to do radial motion, and meanwhile, the spring stretches to push the turning tool rest to do radial motion;

and 9.4, the miniature turning tool is used for turning the steps of the excircle of the miniature wire rod.

10. The machining process of the micro-wire ultra-precise rotary turning head according to claim 9, wherein in step 9.1, the minimum feeding resolution of the stepping motor is 0.025mm, and the signals are subdivided by 256 times to achieve the minimum feeding resolution of 0.1 μm, or the feeding straightness of the piezoelectric ceramic large-stroke nano sliding table is 0.1 μm/100mm, and the resolution is 1 nm.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wire rod precision turning, in particular to a micro wire rod ultra-precision rotary turning machine head.

Background

At present, the kinds and the number of micro parts are increasingly demanded in electronics, semiconductor chips, medical treatment, optics, and military industries, and the demand for miniaturization of the size of the parts is also continuously increasing. The traditional turning process has the machining precision of 5-0.01 mm, and is difficult to meet the requirement of the machining precision of the miniature parts. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a lathe head with ultra-precision machining accuracy.

Therefore, a micro wire ultra-precise rotary turning machine head is developed and used for solving the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides the ultra-precise rotary turning machine head for the micro wire rod, which has the advantages of improving the precision of the turning process, realizing the synchronous feeding in the axial direction and the radial direction, reducing cost, improving efficiency, improving universality and application range and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a super accurate rotatory turning aircraft nose of miniature wire rod, includes an air supporting revolving stage, a hollow step motor, a plurality of lathe saddle, a plurality of spring and a cavity conical lead screw slip table, the air supporting revolving stage is equipped with a ladder groove, the bottom department in ladder groove is equipped with an apron, the bottom of apron is equipped with the lead screw slip table, the bottom department of lead screw slip table is equipped with step motor, perhaps step motor is piezoceramics long-range nanometer slip table, the apron is worn to be equipped with the lathe saddle, the lathe saddle with press between the air supporting revolving stage to be equipped with the spring, and with the linear butt of lead screw slip table, the central point department of putting of air supporting revolving stage is equipped with a wire rod hole.

Preferably, the screw rod sliding table is provided with a conical surface, the included angle between the conical surface and the horizontal plane is alpha, and the range of the included angle alpha is more than 0 degree and less than 90 degrees.

Preferably, the included angle α is 45 °.

Preferably, one end of the turning tool rest is provided with an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is linearly abutted to the conical surface through an oil film.

Preferably, the stepping motor is provided with a center hole, one end of the center hole is provided with an arc, and the center hole, the center line of the screw rod sliding table and the center line of the wire rod hole coincide.

Preferably, the cover plate is provided with jacks uniformly distributed on the circumference, the lathe tool holder is spliced with the jacks, and a miniature lathe tool is arranged at the top end of the lathe tool holder.

Preferably, the lathe tool holder is provided with a groove, and the spring is pressed between the jack and the groove.

Preferably, the micro turning tool is any one of a grooving tool, a conical tool and an external thread tool.

Preferably, the machining process of the ultraprecise rotary turning machine head for the micro wire rod comprises the following steps of:

9.1 the micro feeding mechanism leads the micro wire to pass through the stepping motor 40 of the hollow shaft lead screw and the lead screw sliding table and is sent to the symmetrical center of the micro turning tool, and the feeding is stopped at the moment;

9.2 the air-floating rotary table drives the turning tool rest and the micro turning tool to rotate at a high speed, the axial runout of the air-floating rotary table is 0.01 mu m at most, and the radial runout of the air-floating rotary table is 0.0123 mu m at most;

9.3 the stepping motor rotates and pushes the screw rod sliding table to do feeding motion, the conical surface feeds and extrudes the inclined surface of the turning tool rest, the spring is compressed to enable the turning tool rest to do radial motion, and meanwhile, the spring stretches to push the turning tool rest to do radial motion;

and 9.4, the miniature turning tool is used for turning the steps of the excircle of the miniature wire rod.

Preferably, in step 9.1, the minimum feeding resolution of the stepping motor is 0.025mm, and the minimum feeding resolution is 0.1 μm through 256-time signal subdivision, or the feeding linearity of the piezoelectric ceramic large-stroke nano sliding table is 0.1 μm/100mm, and the resolution is 1 nm.

Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

the micro wire ultra-precision rotary turning machine head improves the manufacturing precision, greatly improves the precision of a turning process, and achieves the ultra-precision machining tolerance from a submicron level to a nanometer level; 1:1 feeding amount is realized between the conical surface and the inclined surface, the structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced; the screw rod sliding table, the turning tool rest and the spring are matched for use, so that the radial feeding of the micro turning tool is controlled, and the machining precision is improved; the replacement of the stepping motor and the piezoelectric ceramic large-stroke nano sliding table improves the universality of the turning machine head; turning such as grooving, taper turning, threading and the like is carried out, and the application range of turning is enlarged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the ultra-precise rotary turning head for micro-wires according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the invention at B in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.

In fig. 1 to 3, a micro wire ultra-precision rotary turning machine head includes an air-floating rotary table 10, a hollow stepping motor 40, a plurality of turning tool holders 20, a plurality of springs 30, and a hollow conical screw sliding table 50. A wire hole 15 is arranged at the center of the air-floating rotary table 10. The micro wire rod passes through the wire rod hole 15, and the micro lathe tool 60 performs micro lathe machining on the micro wire rod.

The air floating rotary table 10 is provided with a stepped groove 11. A cover plate 111 is arranged at the bottom end of the stepped groove 11. The apron 111 is equipped with the jack 12 of circumference equipartition, and the jack 12 quantity is 2, 4 etc. and the bottom of apron 111 is equipped with lead screw slip table 50. The cover plate 111 is provided with a turning tool holder 20 in a penetrating way, and the turning tool holder 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 12.

A micro-lathe tool 60 is provided at the top end of the lathe tool holder 20. The turning tool holder 20 is inserted into the insertion hole 12. The micro lathe tool 60 is a grooving tool, a conical tool, an external thread tool, or the like.

A spring 30 is pressed between the turning tool holder 20 and the air flotation turntable 10, the turning tool holder 20 is provided with a groove 22, and the spring 30 is pressed between the jack 12 and the groove 22. During turning, the spring 30 is compressed, and when the turning is not performed, the spring 30 is reset under the action of elastic force.

The stepping motor 40 is provided with a central hole 41, and one end of the central hole 41 is provided with an arc 411, and the arc 411 prevents the micro-wire from being scratched. The central lines of the central hole 41 and the lead screw sliding table 50 are superposed with the central line of the wire hole 15, so that the miniature wire can be conveniently fed and processed, and the processing precision is improved.

The bottom end of the screw rod sliding table 50 is provided with a stepping motor 40, and the stepping motor 40 is a driving piece. Or the driving piece is a piezoelectric ceramic large-stroke nanometer sliding table. The turning tool rest 20 is linearly abutted with the screw rod sliding table 50, one end of the turning tool rest 20 is provided with an inclined surface 21, and the inclined surface 21 is linearly abutted with the conical surface 51 through an oil film.

The screw rod sliding table 50 is provided with a conical surface 51, the included angle between the conical surface 51 and the horizontal plane is alpha, and the range of the included angle alpha is more than 0 degree and less than alpha and less than 90 degrees. When the included angle α is 45 °, the axial feeding distance of the screw sliding table 50 is equal to the radial feeding distance of the turning tool holder 20, and the ratio of the axial feeding distance to the radial feeding distance is 1: 1. At an angle α of 60 °, the ratio of the axial to radial feed distance is √ 3: 1. at an angle α of 30 °, the ratio of the axial to radial feed distance is √ 3: 3.

a machining process of a micro wire ultra-precise rotary turning machine head comprises the following steps:

1.1 the micro feeding mechanism passes the micro wire through the stepping motor 40 of the hollow shaft screw and the screw sliding table 50, and sends the micro wire to the symmetrical center of the micro turning tool 60, at this time, the feeding is stopped. The stepping motor 40 is controlled by wireless remote control, 20 turns are one step by 0.5mm, and the minimum feeding resolution of the stepping motor 40 is 0.025 mm. And then the signals are subdivided by 256 times, so that the minimum feeding resolution is 0.1 mu m, or the feeding linearity of the piezoelectric ceramic large-stroke nanometer sliding table is 0.1 mu m/100mm, and the resolution is 1 nm.

1.2 the air-float turntable 10 drives the turning tool rest 20 and the micro turning tool 60 to rotate at high speed, the axial runout of the air-float turntable 10 is 0.01 μm at most, and the radial runout is 0.0123 μm at most.

1.3 the stepping motor 40 rotates and pushes the screw rod sliding table 50 to make a feeding movement, the conical surface 51 feeds and extrudes the inclined surface 21 of the tool holder 20, the spring 30 compresses to make the tool holder 20 make a radial movement (in the direction opposite to the central axis), and meanwhile, the spring 30 stretches to push the tool holder 20 to make a radial movement (in the direction of the central axis).

1.4 the miniature lathe tool 60 carries out the excircle step processing of turning to miniature wire rod.

The above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any way. All the technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement fall within the protection scope of the present invention.