阅读说明：本技术 一种变电站废水降膜蒸发零排放系统 (Wastewater falling film evaporation zero discharge system of transformer substation ) 是由 郭季璞 张欣宜 马悦红 杨育娟 鱼小兵 张燕涛 吴健 吕平海 刘子瑞 丁德 钱珂 于 2021-08-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种变电站废水降膜蒸发零排放系统,属于污水处理技术领域,包括蓄水池和降膜蒸发装置,所述蓄水池和降膜蒸发装置通过污水管连接,所述降膜蒸发装置内部设置若干降膜管,所述降膜管外侧设置亲水性聚合物材料,所述降膜蒸发装置顶部设置蒸汽排出管,所述降膜管上部设置滴液器,所述滴液器用于将所述污水管输送进所述降膜蒸发器的污水输送至所述降膜管外侧；所述降膜蒸发装置下部与污水回流管一端连通,污水回流管另一端与蓄水池连通。采用竖管降膜蒸发,在降膜蒸发管外设置亲水材料,亲水材料有助于破坏液膜表面张力,液膜自身热容量小,便于快速蒸发,缩短了降膜蒸发装置启动时间,增加了装置生活污水蒸发效率。(The invention discloses a transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero-emission system, which belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment and comprises a reservoir and a falling film evaporation device, wherein the reservoir is connected with the falling film evaporation device through a sewage pipe, a plurality of falling film pipes are arranged in the falling film evaporation device, hydrophilic polymer materials are arranged on the outer sides of the falling film pipes, a steam discharge pipe is arranged at the top of the falling film evaporation device, a dripper is arranged at the upper part of each falling film pipe, and the dripper is used for conveying sewage conveyed into the falling film evaporation device by the sewage pipe to the outer sides of the falling film pipes; the lower part of the falling film evaporation device is communicated with one end of a sewage backflow pipe, and the other end of the sewage backflow pipe is communicated with a reservoir. The vertical tube falling film evaporation is adopted, the hydrophilic material is arranged outside the falling film evaporation tube, the hydrophilic material is helpful for destroying the surface tension of the liquid film, the self thermal capacity of the liquid film is small, the rapid evaporation is convenient, the starting time of the falling film evaporation device is shortened, and the domestic sewage evaporation efficiency of the device is increased.)

1. The transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero emission system is characterized by comprising a water storage tank (1) and a falling film evaporation device (2), wherein the water storage tank (1) and the falling film evaporation device (2) are connected through a sewage pipe (13), a plurality of falling film pipes (22) are arranged inside the falling film evaporation device (2), hydrophilic polymer materials are arranged on the outer sides of the falling film pipes (22), a steam discharge pipe is arranged at the top of the falling film evaporation device (2), a liquid dropper (25) is arranged on the upper portion of each falling film pipe (22), and the liquid dropper (25) is used for conveying sewage, conveyed into the falling film evaporation device (2), of the sewage pipe (13) to the outer sides of the falling film pipes (22); the lower part of the falling film evaporation device (2) is communicated with one end of a sewage return pipe (24), and the other end of the sewage return pipe (24) is communicated with the reservoir (1).

2. A transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero discharge system according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophilic polymer material is one or a combination of cotton cloth and chemical fiber cloth.

3. A substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero discharge system according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of said hydrophilic polymer material is 1-20 mm.

4. A substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero discharge system according to claim 1, wherein said hydrophilic polymer material is modified by the process of: firstly, preliminarily soaking the hydrophilic polymer material in isopropanol for 30-90min, then placing the hydrophilic polymer material into a modification solution for modification, soaking the hydrophilic polymer material for 1-1.5 hours in an ultrasonic environment, then taking the hydrophilic polymer material out, standing the hydrophilic polymer material for 10 hours, drying the hydrophilic polymer material, placing the hydrophilic polymer material in a dark room after saturated water absorption, and irradiating the hydrophilic polymer material for 8-12 hours by using an ultraviolet lamp.

5. The substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero-emission system according to claim 4, wherein the modified solution is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylenediamine, acrylic acid and glutaraldehyde solution.

6. A transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero-emission system according to claim 1, characterized in that a photocatalyst is loaded on the hydrophilic polymer material, and an ultraviolet lamp is arranged inside the falling film evaporation device (2).

7. The transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero-emission system according to claim 1, characterized in that an ammonia adsorption layer is arranged at the upper part of the liquid dropper (25), and the ammonia adsorption layer is a porous adsorption material.

8. A transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero emission system according to claim 1, characterized in that a fan (21) is arranged on the steam discharge pipe.

9. A transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero emission system according to claim 1, characterized in that the falling film evaporation device (2) is in communication with a solar water heater.

10. A transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero discharge system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a filter device (3), wherein the filter device comprises a filter layer and a water accumulation area (39) arranged below the filter layer and communicated with the filter layer, and the filter device (3) comprises one or more of a quartz sand filter layer (31), a manganese sand filter layer (32) and an activated carbon filter layer (33).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero-emission system.

Background

In china, about 70% of substations are in regions where municipal conditions are not met, infrastructure conditions are poor. The original domestic sewage treatment modes of a plurality of transformer substations are extensive, and along with the increasing improvement of environmental regulations and discharge standards, the original domestic sewage treatment and discharge modes of the transformer substations are greatly challenged. In addition, with the deepening of the construction work of the intelligent transformer substation, the number of operators of the newly-built transformer substation is sharply reduced, the amount of domestic sewage of the transformer substation is reduced, and the original domestic sewage treatment process is greatly influenced.

The transformer substation domestic sewage discharge amount is very small, the transformer substation domestic sewage mainly comes from the domestic discharge of in-station operation personnel and on-duty personnel, and the amount of the domestic sewage generated by occasionally patrolling maintainers is very small. The transformer substation domestic sewage is mainly domestic sewage of workers in the transformer substation. At present, newly-built 110kV and 220kV transformer substations are generally unattended stations, but still more workers exist in a plurality of old stations. The domestic sewage mainly comes from washing sewage, toilet flushing wastewater, shower wastewater and the like of workers, and the main pollutants are COD, BOD and SS; the method is mainly characterized by small discharge amount, large intermittent discharge fluctuation of sewage, large change of water quality and water amount in different time periods every day and high concentration.

The transformer substation domestic sewage has good biodegradability and low pollution degree. The domestic sewage of the transformer substation mainly comprises human excrement, washing wastewater, kitchen wastewater and the like. The main pollutants of the domestic sewage comprise SS, COD, BOD5, TP, TN and the like, the pH value is close to neutral, and the domestic sewage basically does not contain heavy metals and other refractory organic matters. BOD5/COD > 0.5, and has good biochemical property. Meanwhile, the quality of the domestic sewage of the transformer substation fluctuates greatly. In different time periods, the source of the domestic sewage of the transformer substation is different, and the main pollution factors are also different.

The main stream sewage treatment process of the present transformer substation is a buried sewage treatment system, the buried domestic sewage treatment system adopts a biological contact oxidation principle, and a typical process flow is mainly characterized in that an A/O process is adopted, effluent backflow and sludge backflow are provided, synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal can be realized, and the effluent is discharged after disinfection. The excess sludge is subjected to anaerobic digestion to realize reduction and stabilization, the digestion sludge cleaning period is 1-2 years, and a sludge suction truck is used for outward transportation.

Along with the improvement of environmental protection requirements, buried sewage treatment devices are increasingly popularized. However, as the number of people who run the sewage treatment plant is reduced, the discharge amount of domestic sewage is too small and discontinuous, and general sewage firstly enters a regulating reservoir in the underground sewage treatment plant, and then is treated after the water amount meets the treatment requirement. At present, because of small sewage discharge of a transformer substation, microorganisms can not grow normally, so that biological contact oxidation treatment is difficult to realize, a buried sewage treatment device can not be put into normal use, and the function of a septic tank can only be achieved.

Aiming at the water quality condition of the transformer substation, how to realize zero discharge of the sewage of the transformer substation becomes the key research point at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero-emission system, which realizes transformer substation wastewater zero emission.

In order to achieve the purpose, the transformer substation wastewater falling film evaporation zero emission system comprises a reservoir and a falling film evaporation device, wherein the reservoir is connected with the falling film evaporation device through a sewage pipe, a plurality of falling film pipes are arranged in the falling film evaporation device, hydrophilic polymer materials are arranged on the outer sides of the falling film pipes, a steam discharge pipe is arranged at the top of the falling film evaporation device, a dripper is arranged on the upper portion of each falling film pipe, and the dripper is used for conveying sewage conveyed into the falling film evaporator by the sewage pipe to the outer side of the falling film pipe; the lower part of the falling film evaporation device is communicated with one end of a sewage backflow pipe, and the other end of the sewage backflow pipe is communicated with a reservoir.

Further, the hydrophilic polymer material is one or a combination of cotton cloth and chemical fiber cloth.

Further, the thickness of the hydrophilic polymer material is 1-20 mm.

Further, the hydrophilic polymer material is modified by the following process: firstly, preliminarily soaking the hydrophilic polymer material in isopropanol for 30-90min, then placing the hydrophilic polymer material into a modification solution for modification, soaking the hydrophilic polymer material for 1-1.5 hours in an ultrasonic environment, then taking the hydrophilic polymer material out, standing the hydrophilic polymer material for 10 hours, drying the hydrophilic polymer material, placing the hydrophilic polymer material in a dark room after saturated water absorption, and irradiating the hydrophilic polymer material for 8-12 hours by using an ultraviolet lamp.

Further, the modified solution is one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylenediamine, acrylic acid and glutaraldehyde solution.

Further, a photocatalyst is loaded on the hydrophilic polymer material, and an ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the falling film evaporation device.

Further, an ammonia adsorption layer is arranged on the upper portion of the liquid dropping device, and the ammonia adsorption layer is a porous adsorption material.

Further, a fan is arranged on the steam discharge pipe.

Further, the falling film evaporation device is communicated with the solar water heater.

Further, still include filter equipment, filter equipment includes the filter layer and sets up in the filter layer below and with the ponding district of filter layer intercommunication, filter equipment includes one or more in quartz sand filter layer, manganese sand filter layer, the active carbon filter layer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

(1) the vertical tube falling film evaporation is adopted, and the hydrophilic material is arranged outside the falling film evaporation tube, so that the hydrophilic material is beneficial to destroying the surface tension of the liquid film, the self thermal capacity of the liquid film is small, the rapid evaporation is facilitated, the starting time of the falling film evaporation device is shortened, and the domestic sewage evaporation efficiency of the device is increased;

(2) the hydrophilic material can intercept pollutants in the sewage on the hydrophilic material in the process of liquid film evaporation, so that the pollutants are intercepted while the evaporation rate is improved; under the action of ultraviolet catalysis, the sewage treatment effect is improved, and the high concentration of return water pollutants is prevented;

(3) an ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the falling-film evaporator and is combined with a photocatalyst loaded in a hydrophilic material polymer, so that pollutants in the wastewater are degraded, and the emission concentration of odor is reduced;

(4) the hydrophilic material is modified, and the evaporation efficiency of the water in the falling film evaporation device is further improved under the modification effect;

(5) because the water quality and the water quantity of the wastewater of the transformer substation greatly change and fluctuate, the ultraviolet lamp is arranged in the falling film evaporation device, VOCs are oxidized and degraded under the catalytic action of titanium dioxide, and the atmospheric pollution caused by organic matters discharged along with steam is prevented;

(6) set up the ammonia adsorbed layer, and set up little electrolysis filler on ammonia adsorbed layer upper portion, domestic sewage is at the evaporation process, urea can decompose into ammonia under the high temperature effect, ammonia passes through ammonia adsorbed layer in-process zeolite, activated carbon can be with it interception, partly non-decomposed organic matter and vapor are at little electrolysis filler in-process, little electrolysis can produce magnesium ion and fall into the ammonia adsorbed layer, and react with phosphorus, the ammonia in the ammonia adsorbed layer, form struvite, reduce the emission of odor such as exhaust gas ammonia.

(7) The system also comprises a filtering device, wherein the transformer substation sewage flows into the reservoir after being filtered by the filtering device, and the filtering device can filter granular or non-granular quartz sand, suspended substances and solid particles with certain thickness in the sewage.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a transformer substation sewage solar falling film evaporation zero emission system;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a filtration apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a graph of evaporation efficiency for a thickness of a hydrophilic polymer material;

FIG. 4 is a graph of evaporation efficiency of a modified hydrophilic polymer material;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the air volume of a fan to the evaporation rate of the contaminated water of a vertical-tube falling-film evaporator.

In the drawings: 1. the device comprises a water storage tank, 2, a falling film evaporation device, 3, a filtering device, 11, a liquid level meter, 12, a water pump, 13, a sewage pipe, 21, a fan, 22, a falling film pipe, 23, a hot water inlet, 24, a sewage return pipe, 25, a liquid dropper, 26, a bubble remover, 31, a quartz sand filtering layer, 32, a manganese sand filtering layer, 33, an activated carbon filtering layer, 34, a water storage area, 35, a partition plate, 36, a water passing hole, 37, a water inlet, 38, a water permeable plate, 39, a water accumulation area, 310, a filtering material cover plate, 311, a total cover plate, 312, a tray, 313 and a lifting device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention clearer and easier to understand. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, wherein the specific examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, a solar falling film evaporation zero emission system for transformer substation sewage comprises a water storage tank 1 and a falling film evaporation device 2, wherein the water storage tank 1 and the falling film evaporation device 2 are connected with a sewage backflow pipe 24 through a sewage pipe 13, and a water pump 12 is arranged on the sewage pipe 13. A liquid level meter 11 is arranged in the reservoir 1. The falling film evaporation device comprises a shell, the lower end of the shell is communicated with a sewage return pipe 24, the upper end of the shell is communicated with a steam discharge pipe, and a fan 21 is arranged on the steam discharge pipe. The inside of the shell is provided with a plurality of film falling pipes 22, fins are arranged on all the film falling pipes 22, and the outer sides of the film falling pipes 22 are wrapped with 1-20mm of hydrophilic polymer material which is one or a combination of cotton cloth and chemical fiber cloth. Cotton was the original cotton fabric without any modification. A dropping device 25 is arranged on the top of the membrane dropping pipe 22, and a bubble remover 26 is arranged above the dropping device 25. The dropping device 25 conveys the sewage conveyed into the falling film evaporator 2 by the sewage pipe 13 to the outer side of the falling film pipe 22, and the sewage is collected downwards by the hydrophilic polymer material and flows back to the water storage tank 1 by the sewage return pipe 24.

The water storage type water heater is used as a heat source, hot water circulates in the vertical pipe falling film evaporation device 2 through the circulating pump, the domestic sewage liquid film on the outer surface of the vertical pipe falling film evaporation device is heated through a heat conduction mode, and the domestic sewage liquid film exchanges heat with low-temperature wet air in a convection and radiation heat conduction mode. In the falling film evaporation mass transfer process, domestic sewage water molecules are heated to leave the surface of the liquid film, partial pressure on the surface of the liquid film is increased, and the water molecules are continuously diffused to the surrounding space, so that the water molecules in the domestic sewage liquid film are continuously supplemented. In this process, the evaporative heat transfer contributes to the convective heat transfer since the water vapor density is lower than the dry air density.

Sewage in the water storage tank 1 enters the dripper 25 at the top end of the corresponding evaporation surface (namely the outer surface of the vertical pipe) in the evaporation device through the sewage pipe 13, domestic sewage enters the hydrophilic material from the water outlet of the dripper 25 to form a uniform liquid film, the water in the water heater is heated by the water storage type water heater, the outlet of the water heater is communicated with the hot water inlet 23, the hot water inlet 23 is communicated with all the falling film pipes 22 and is arranged below the falling film pipes 22, heat is transferred to the domestic sewage liquid film on the outer surface of the falling film pipes 22 through hot water to promote evaporation of the domestic sewage liquid film, and the non-evaporated domestic sewage flows downwards along the evaporation surface, flows into the sewage backflow pipe 24 and is finally discharged into the domestic sewage water tank. The top of the film falling pipe 22 is communicated with a cooling water return pipe, the cooling water return pipe is connected with a cooling water inlet of a water storage type water heater, and the water storage type water heater is a solar water heater.

Preferably, a photocatalyst is loaded on the hydrophilic polymer material, the photocatalyst is titanium dioxide, and an ultraviolet lamp is arranged inside the falling film evaporation device 2.

Preferably, an ammonia adsorption layer is arranged on the upper part of the dripper 25, the ammonia adsorption layer is a porous adsorption material, and the porous adsorption material is a mixture of zeolite and activated carbon; the zeolite and/or the activated carbon are subjected to modification treatment, and the modification treatment is to soak the zeolite and/or the activated carbon in a phosphate solution. The top of the ammonia adsorption layer is also provided with a micro-electrolysis filler, and the mass ratio of C, Fe and Mg in the micro-electrolysis filler is (50-55) to (30-35): (10-20).

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, the system further comprises a filtering device 3, wherein the filtering device 3 comprises a filtering layer and a water accumulation area 39 arranged below the filtering layer, and the filtering layer comprises a water storage area 34, a quartz sand filtering layer 31, a manganese sand filtering layer 32, an activated carbon filtering layer 33 and the water accumulation area 39 which are sequentially arranged. Partition plates 35 are arranged between the water storage area 34 and the quartz sand filtering layer 31, between the quartz sand filtering layer 31 and the manganese sand filtering layer 32 and between the manganese sand filtering layer 32 and the active carbon filtering layer 33; the partition 35 is provided with a water through hole 36. The bottom of the activated carbon layer 33 is provided with a water permeable plate 38, and the filtered sewage flows into a water accumulation area 39 through the water permeable plate 38. The bottom of the water accumulation area 39 is communicated with the water storage tank 1, the top of the quartz sand filtering layer 31, the top of the manganese sand filtering layer 32 and the top of the activated carbon filtering layer 33 are provided with filtering material cover plates 310, the top of the filtering device is provided with a main cover plate 311, the main cover plate 311 is provided with a water inlet 37, the water inlet 37 is communicated with the water storage area 34, and the bottom of the water storage area 34 is provided with a tray 312; a lifting device 313 is arranged on the tray 312.

Example 2

The residence time of the contaminated water, which has an effect on the heat transfer of the hot water, is directly related to the thickness of the polymer material, which is therefore critical for the evaporation of the contaminated water. When the hot water circulation temperature is 70 ℃, the sewage inflow is 1.5kg/h, and the air quantity is 2200m³The experiment was conducted on polymer materials (cotton cloth) of different thicknesses, and as shown in FIG. 3, the evaporation rate of the contaminated water rapidly increased from 0.11kg/h to 0.33kg/h as the total thickness of the polymer material increased from 1mm to 10mm, while the evaporation rate started to decrease to 0.24kg/h instead as the thickness continued to increase to 20 mm. This is because when the thickness of the polymer material is small, the liquid film formed on the surface of the polymer material is unstable or almost impossible to form, the contact area of the gas-liquid interface is small, and if the evaporation surface of the material cannot be covered with the liquid film, the water film on the surface of the polymer material cannot cause a certain pressure difference between the evaporation surface and the condensation surface, so that the sewage cannot move to the condensation surface under the action of the pressure difference and is condensed into fresh water on the condensation surface, thereby causing the evaporation rate to be low; and with the continuous increase of the thickness of the polymer material, the water distribution condition on the surface of the polymer material is gradually improved, and the heat transfer performance is also enhanced. When the thickness of the polymer material reaches the optimal value, the thickness of the liquid film on the evaporation surface is increased, the thermal resistance of the liquid film is increased, and the heat exchange performance is reduced. Therefore, the optimum thickness of the hydrophilic polymer is 10 mm.

The hydrophilic polymer material wraps 1-20 layers on the membrane lowering tube 22. When the hydrophilic polymer material is wrapped, the compressed thickness of the hydrophilic material is 50% -100% of the original thickness.

Example 3

On the basis of example 2, the thickness of the hydrophilic polymer material was selected to be 10mm, and the modification effect of the hydrophilic polymer material was investigated.

In order to enhance the evaporation performance of the cotton cloth, five different organic matters, namely sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylenediamine, acrylic acid or glutaraldehyde, are used for modifying the cotton cloth. Taking six pieces of cotton cloth with the same shape, firstly preliminarily soaking the materials in isopropanol for 1 hour, then respectively placing the six pieces of cotton cloth into distilled water, sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylenediamine, acrylic acid and glutaraldehyde solution, soaking for 1 hour in an ultrasonic environment, then taking out, and standing for 10 hours. Then, the cotton cloth was taken out and naturally air-dried at room temperature. After complete drying, the six different cotton cloths each absorb 400ml of water and are then placed in a dark room and irradiated with UV light for 8 hours. The evaporation experiment was performed on the modified cotton cloth, see figure 4. Therefore, the cotton cloth modified by the sodium dodecyl sulfate is more beneficial to the evaporation of water.

Example 4

On the basis of the embodiment 1, when the hot water circulation temperature is controlled to be 70 ℃ and the water inflow is 1.5kg/h, the change of the air quantity of the fan to the sewage adding evaporation rate of the vertical pipe falling film evaporator is shown in figure 5. Along with the air quantity from 1400m³Increase/h to 2200m³The evaporation rate of the sewage was also increased from 0.21kg/h to 0.33kg/h, but when the air volume continued to reach 2400m³At/h, the evaporation rate started to drop to 0.28 kg/h. The reason for this phenomenon may be that as the wind speed increases, the turbulence of the liquid film formed on the hydrophilic material increases, the velocity of the air on the surface of the liquid film increases, the heat exchange on the surface is promoted, and the heat transfer coefficient increases. However, when the air flow exceeds a certain value, the distribution of the liquid film is deteriorated, the renewal speed of the liquid film is increased, the temperature is lowered, the mass transfer coefficient of the evaporation liquid film on the surface of the material is lowered, the contact time of the liquid film on the surface of the material and hot water is shortened, the heat exchange time is shortened, and the evaporation rate of the sewage is lowered. Therefore, the optimal air volume is selected to 2200m³/h。

Although the embodiments of the invention have been described above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to the analysis of test data in various fields of research and further modifications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents.