阅读说明：本技术 一种空冷堆燃料电池氢气交替循环进气系统 (Air cooling stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air intake system ) 是由 范冬琪 曹寅亮 孙健 徐乃涛 陈泽民 林滨 徐鹏杰 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种空冷堆燃料电池氢气交替循环进气系统,包括燃料电池空冷堆,所述燃料电池空冷堆具有分别用作氢气进口和氢气出口的两个氢气接口,所述空冷堆燃料电池氢气交替循环进气系统还包括：分别连接两个氢气接口的两根进出氢气管,每根进出氢气管上均设有一个定期打开用以排气的尾排阀,进出氢气管位于氢气接口与尾排阀之间的一段上还设有用于在排气时收集水分并在进氢气时给氢气加湿的集水加湿器；二位三通电磁阀,具有三个接口,其中一个接口作为进口用于连接稳压氢气源,另两个接口作为出口用于分别连接两根进出氢气管位于尾排阀和集水加湿器之间的位置,通过所述二位三通电磁阀控制向两个氢气接口切换进气。(The invention discloses a hydrogen alternate circulation air inlet system of an air-cooled stack fuel cell, which comprises a fuel cell air-cooled stack, wherein the fuel cell air-cooled stack is provided with two hydrogen interfaces which are respectively used as a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and the hydrogen alternate circulation air inlet system of the air-cooled stack fuel cell further comprises: the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes are respectively connected with the two hydrogen interfaces, each hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe is provided with a tail exhaust valve which is opened periodically for exhausting, and one section of the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe, which is positioned between the hydrogen interfaces and the tail exhaust valve, is also provided with a water collecting humidifier for collecting water during exhausting and humidifying hydrogen during hydrogen inlet; and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with three interfaces, one interface is used as an inlet and is used for connecting a pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source, the other two interfaces are used as outlets and are respectively connected with the positions of the two hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes between the tail discharge valve and the water collection humidifier, and the two hydrogen interfaces are switched to supply air under the control of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve.)

1. The utility model provides an air cooling pile fuel cell hydrogen alternate cycle air intake system, includes fuel cell air cooling pile, fuel cell air cooling pile has two hydrogen interfaces that are used as hydrogen import and hydrogen export respectively, its characterized in that, air cooling pile fuel cell hydrogen alternate cycle air intake system still includes:

the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes are respectively connected with the two hydrogen interfaces, each hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe is provided with a tail exhaust valve which is opened periodically for exhausting, and one section of the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe, which is positioned between the hydrogen interfaces and the tail exhaust valve, is also provided with a water collecting humidifier for collecting water during exhausting and humidifying hydrogen during hydrogen inlet;

and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with three interfaces, one interface is used as an inlet and is used for connecting a pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source, the other two interfaces are used as outlets and are respectively connected with the positions of the two hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes between the tail discharge valve and the water collection humidifier, and the two hydrogen interfaces are switched to supply air under the control of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve.

2. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen crossover circulation air induction system of claim 1, wherein said water collection humidifier comprises a housing having an interior chamber for receiving a water absorption module, said housing having a first port and a second port for accessing a hydrogen line,

the inner cavity of the water collection humidifier is also provided with a net pipe connected with the first interface and the second interface, and the net pipe is provided with air holes for water to enter the water absorption module during exhaust and for the water absorption module to humidify hydrogen during hydrogen inlet.

3. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate cycle induction system of claim 2, wherein a temperature and humidity sensor is provided in said mesh tube.

4. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate cycle air intake system of claim 2, wherein the water collection humidifier further comprises a heating module disposed in the inner cavity for heating water in the water absorption module during the intake of hydrogen.

5. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate cycle air intake system of claim 2, wherein the water absorption module is at least one of absorbent cotton or water absorption sponge filled in the inner cavity of the water collection humidifier.

6. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate cycle induction system of claim 5, wherein said mesh tube is located in the middle of the water collection humidifier chamber.

7. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air intake system of claim 2, wherein the first port is located at a side close to the air-cooled stack of the fuel cell, the second port is located at a side far from the air-cooled stack of the fuel cell, and the water collection humidifier further comprises a section of condensation pipe, and the second port is located at an end portion of the condensation pipe.

8. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air intake system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein one hydrogen interface is defined as a first hydrogen interface, and the other hydrogen interface is defined as a second hydrogen interface, and the control method is as follows:

the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source is controlled by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve to feed hydrogen to the first hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the second hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the working time t1 is long, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhausting time t2 is long, meanwhile, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the switching of the air inlet direction, the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source is controlled to feed hydrogen to the second hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the first hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the working time t1 is long, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhausting time t2 is long, the air inlet direction is controlled and switched by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve again, and the air inlet direction is switched in a circulating mode in sequence.

9. The air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate cycle induction system of claim 8, wherein the time period t1 is 15-60 s, and the time period t2 is 100-500 ms.

10. An air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air intake control method is characterized in that the air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air intake system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, one hydrogen interface is defined as a first hydrogen interface, the other hydrogen interface is defined as a second hydrogen interface, and the air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air intake control method comprises the following steps:

the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve controls the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source to feed hydrogen to the first hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the second hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the operation is carried out for t1, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhaust is carried out for t2, the air inlet direction is switched by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve to control the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source to feed hydrogen to the second hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the first hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the operation is carried out for t1, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhaust is carried out for t2, the air inlet direction is switched by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve again, the air inlet direction is switched in a circulating mode in sequence,

wherein the duration of t1 is 15-60 s, and the duration of t2 is 100-500 ms.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of air intake systems of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen alternate circulation air intake system of an air-cooled stack fuel cell.

Background

The fuel cell has the advantages of no moving parts, reliable operation, less maintenance, low noise during operation, no harmful substances generated in the working process and the like, and is more and more widely applied in production and life, so that people have higher and higher requirements on the service life and the stability of the fuel cell.

Whether or not the membrane electrode is subjected to good water management is one of the important factors affecting whether or not the fuel cell can operate stably, and the purpose of performing water management on the membrane electrode is to maintain the wettability of hydrogen gas entering the fuel cell stack.

The existing structure for water management of membrane electrode is disclosed in Chinese patent with publication number CN108539229A, and comprises a fuel cell stack hydrogen circulation device and method, a hydrogen inlet valve, a hydrogen circulation pipeline, a hydrogen circulation pump, a temperature sensor, a humidifying water collector and a drain valve; be equipped with positive pole runner entry and positive pole runner export in the pile, the input of the water collector that can humidify with the export of positive pole runner passes through hydrogen circulation pipeline intercommunication, the output of the water collector that can humidify with the input of hydrogen circulating pump passes through hydrogen circulation pipeline intercommunication, the output of hydrogen circulating pump with the positive pole runner entry passes through hydrogen circulation pipeline intercommunication, temperature sensor is located the hydrogen circulating pump output with on the hydrogen circulation pipeline between the positive pole runner entry, the drain valve pass through drainage pipe with the water collector intercommunication that can humidify, the hydrogen admission valve is connected through the pipeline of admitting air temperature sensor with on the hydrogen circulation pipeline between the hydrogen circulating pump output.

Also, as disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN212517263U, a hydrogen injector for fuel cells and a hydrogen circulation system thereof include a nozzle, an injector body, and a regulation and control body; the ejector main body comprises a suction chamber, a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber which are sequentially communicated; one side of the suction chamber is provided with a primary inflow port for inflow of high-pressure hydrogen, and one side of the diffusion chamber is provided with a mixed gas outlet for outflow of mixed gas; the nozzle is arranged in the suction chamber; the regulating and controlling main body is provided with a refrigerant channel and a mixed cooling channel; the refrigerant channel is used for circulating refrigerants; the mixed cooling channel is used for exchanging heat and cooling the high-temperature hydrogen vapor mixed gas and the refrigerant discharged from the galvanic pile; the mixed cooling passage communicates with the suction chamber.

The hydrogen circulation system for carrying out water management to membrane electrode that above-mentioned patent application provided is one-way air intake, one-way exhaust, and the inside water distribution of battery is uneven, and partial region water content is too low phenomenon appears easily at the operation in-process to this kind of structure.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a hydrogen alternate circulation air inlet system of an air-cooled stack fuel cell, which realizes the alternate inlet of hydrogen by arranging a bidirectional water collection humidifier and a structure of an inlet and outlet hydrogen pipe and controlling the inlet and outlet directions of hydrogen by using a two-position three-way solenoid valve, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform water distribution in the fuel cell in the working process.

An air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air inlet system comprises a fuel cell air-cooled stack, wherein the fuel cell air-cooled stack is provided with two hydrogen interfaces which are respectively used as a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and the air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air inlet system further comprises:

the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes are respectively connected with the two hydrogen interfaces, each hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe is provided with a tail exhaust valve which is opened periodically for exhausting, and one section of the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe, which is positioned between the hydrogen interfaces and the tail exhaust valve, is also provided with a water collecting humidifier for collecting water during exhausting and humidifying hydrogen during hydrogen inlet;

and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with three interfaces, one interface is used as an inlet and is used for connecting a pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source, the other two interfaces are used as outlets and are respectively connected with the positions of the two hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes between the tail discharge valve and the water collection humidifier, and the two hydrogen interfaces are switched to supply air under the control of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve.

Specifically, two hydrogen interfaces are respectively arranged at two ends of the same side of the fuel cell air-cooled stack, each hydrogen interface is connected with the water collection humidifier and the tail exhaust valve through a hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe, and hydrogen is controlled to enter the fuel cell air-cooled stack from the two hydrogen interfaces alternately by controlling the communication state of a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve;

in addition, hydrogen can pass through the humidifier that catchments before getting into fuel cell air-cooled pile, and the humidifier that catchments moistens the air, and tail gas after the reaction can pass through another humidifier that catchments before reaching the tail valve, and the working method that the humidifier that catchments absorbs the moisture in the tail gas and store still can realize the cyclic utilization of water.

Preferably, the water collection humidifier comprises a shell, an inner cavity for placing the water absorption module is arranged in the shell, the shell is provided with a first interface and a second interface for accessing the hydrogen pipe,

the inner cavity of the water collection humidifier is also provided with a net pipe connected with the first interface and the second interface, and the net pipe is provided with air holes for water to enter the water absorption module during exhaust and for the water absorption module to humidify hydrogen during hydrogen inlet.

Specifically, the inner cavity is a part between the shell and the net pipe, so that the water absorption module can be well fixed; meanwhile, the mesh pipe is provided with a plurality of air holes, so that the water absorption module can well humidify hydrogen or absorb moisture in tail gas.

Preferably, a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged in the network pipe.

Specifically, temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the hydrogen in the water collection humidifier, so that temperature and humidity sensor can be a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, and also can be integrated temperature and humidity sensor.

Preferably, a heating module for heating the moisture in the water absorption module when hydrogen is fed is further arranged in the inner cavity of the water collection humidifier.

Specifically, the heating module can heat and gasify liquid water in the water absorption sponge into steam, and can better moisten hydrogen when hydrogen enters.

Preferably, the water absorption module is at least one of absorbent cotton or water absorption sponge filled in the inner cavity of the water collection humidifier.

In particular, absorbent cotton and absorbent sponge have very good water absorption performance.

Preferably, the mesh pipe is positioned in the middle of the inner cavity of the water collection humidifier.

Specifically, the mesh tube is positioned in the middle of the inner cavity of the humidifier, and the annular area between the mesh tube and the shell can be filled with absorbent cotton and/or absorbent sponge, so that hydrogen can be better humidified or moisture in tail gas can be better absorbed.

Preferably, the first interface is located near one side of the fuel cell air cooling stack, the second interface is located far away from one side of the fuel cell air cooling stack, the water collection humidifier is further provided with a section of condensation pipe, and the second interface is located at the end of the condensation pipe.

Specifically, the structure that sets up the condenser pipe can make in the tail gas not by the vapor liquefaction of the complete absorption of module that absorbs water in the condenser pipe into, then absorbed by the module that absorbs water, and this kind of structure can prevent effectively that the direct tail valve of tail gas exhaust of the not complete absorbed vapor from discharging.

Preferably, one of the hydrogen interfaces is defined as a first hydrogen interface, and the other hydrogen interface is defined as a second hydrogen interface, the control method is as follows:

the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source is controlled by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve to feed hydrogen to the first hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the second hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the working time t1 is long, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhausting time t2 is long, meanwhile, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is used for controlling the switching of the air inlet direction, the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source is controlled to feed hydrogen to the second hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the first hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the working time t1 is long, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhausting time t2 is long, the air inlet direction is controlled and switched by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve again, and the air inlet direction is switched in a circulating mode in sequence.

Preferably, the time duration of t1 is 15-60 s, and the time duration of t2 is 100-500 ms.

The invention also provides a hydrogen alternate circulation air intake control method for the fuel cell of the air-cooled stack, which uses any one of the hydrogen alternate circulation air intake systems for the fuel cell of the air-cooled stack, wherein one hydrogen interface is defined as a first hydrogen interface, and the other hydrogen interface is defined as a second hydrogen interface, and the hydrogen alternate circulation air intake control method for the fuel cell of the air-cooled stack comprises the following steps:

the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve controls the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source to feed hydrogen to the first hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the second hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the operation is carried out for t1, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhaust is carried out for t2, the air inlet direction is switched by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve to control the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source to feed hydrogen to the second hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe connected with the first hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after the operation is carried out for t1, the tail exhaust valve is closed to stop exhausting after the exhaust is carried out for t2, the air inlet direction is switched by the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve again, the air inlet direction is switched in a circulating mode in sequence,

wherein the duration of t1 is 15-60 s, and the duration of t2 is 100-500 ms.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the structure of the bidirectional water collection humidifier and the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipes is arranged, and the air inlet and outlet directions of hydrogen are controlled by the two-position three-way solenoid valve, so that the hydrogen is alternately fed, and the aim of uniformly distributing water in the fuel cell in the working process is fulfilled.

(2) The humiture of hydrogen in the humidifier is collected to real time monitoring of utilization temperature and humidity sensor for the humiture of hydrogen is visual, can be better control again the humiture of hydrogen.

(3) Utilize the heating module to heat the water gasification who absorbs water the module into vapor when hydrogen admits air, can be more even, more quick carry out the humidification to hydrogen.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogen alternate circulation air intake system of an air-cooled stack fuel cell provided by the invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view of a water collection humidifier of an air-cooled stack fuel cell hydrogen alternate circulation air intake system provided by the invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1-2, hydrogen connectors 110 are disposed at two ends of the same side of the fuel cell air-cooled stack 100, the hydrogen connectors 110 are connected to a tail valve 300 through a hydrogen inlet/outlet pipe 200, the hydrogen inlet/outlet pipe 200 is a passage through which hydrogen flows, the tail valve 300 is used for discharging tail gas after reaction in the fuel cell air-cooled stack 100, and a water collection humidifier 400 is disposed between the hydrogen connectors 110 and the tail valve 300.

When the gas entering the water collection humidifier 400 is unreacted hydrogen, the water collection humidifier 400 wets the hydrogen, when the gas entering the water collection humidifier 400 is reacted tail gas, the water collection humidifier absorbs water vapor in the tail gas, the two water collection humidifiers 400 are connected with the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source 600 through the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 500, and the direction of the hydrogen entering the fuel cell air-cooled stack 100 can be controlled by controlling the communication state of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 500.

The water collection humidifier 400 comprises a shell 410, the shell 410 is a cavity, a mesh pipe 440 with air holes 441 is arranged in the middle of the cavity, a water absorption module 420 is arranged in an area between the mesh pipe 440 and the shell 410, the water absorption module 420 can better humidify hydrogen or absorb water in tail gas when the outer circle of the mesh pipe 440 is the water absorption module 420, and the mesh pipe 440 with the air holes 441 and the shell 410 can well fix the water absorption module 420; meanwhile, the plurality of air holes 441 are formed in the net pipe 440, so that the water absorption module 420 is not influenced to humidify the hydrogen or absorb the moisture in the tail gas.

The end of the shell 410 is provided with a first interface 431, the first interface 431 is connected with the hydrogen interface 110 and communicated with the network pipe 440, the other end of the shell 410 is connected with a second interface 432 through a condensation pipe 470, and the second interface 432 is connected with the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 500 and the tail exhaust valve 300 and communicated with the network pipe 440.

The structure of the condensation pipe 470 can make the water vapor in the tail gas which is not completely absorbed by the water absorption module 420 be liquefied into water in the condensation pipe 470 and then absorbed by the water absorption module 420, and the structure can effectively prevent the water vapor in the tail gas which is not completely absorbed from being directly discharged through the tail discharge valve 300.

In addition, the water absorption module 420 is absorbent cotton and/or water absorption sponge having good water absorption.

The water collection humidifier 400 is further provided with a heating module 460 for heating and gasifying the liquid water in the water absorption module 420 into water vapor.

When the gas entering the water collecting humidifier 400 is unreacted hydrogen, the heating module 460 is started to heat the liquid water in the water absorption module 420 to evaporate the liquid water into water vapor, and the water vapor can be more uniformly distributed in the mesh tube 440, so that the water vapor can more uniformly and rapidly wet the unreacted hydrogen.

When the gas entering the water collecting humidifier 400 is the reacted tail gas, the heating module 460 is in a non-activated state, so that the water absorption module 420 can absorb the water in the tail gas more rapidly.

In order to monitor the temperature and humidity of the hydrogen gas, a temperature and humidity sensor 450 is disposed in the water collection humidifier 400.

The temperature and humidity sensor 450 may be a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, or may be an integrated temperature and humidity sensor.

In specific operation, for convenience of description, one of the hydrogen interfaces 110 is defined as a first hydrogen interface, and the other hydrogen interface is defined as a second hydrogen interface, and the control method is as follows:

the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 500 controls hydrogen of the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source 600 to be wetted by the water-collecting humidifier 400 and then enter the fuel cell air-cooled stack 100 through the first hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve 300 on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe 200 connected with the second hydrogen interface is opened after 15-60 s of operation, at this time, the tail gas firstly passes through the water-collecting humidifier 400 connected with the second hydrogen interface, the tail gas is exhausted through the tail exhaust valve 300 after the water in the tail gas is absorbed by the water-collecting humidifier 400, the tail exhaust valve 300 is closed to stop exhausting after 100-500 ms of exhausting, the air inlet direction is switched under the control of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 500, the hydrogen of the pressure-stabilizing hydrogen source 600 is controlled to enter the fuel cell air-cooled stack 100 through the second hydrogen interface, the tail exhaust valve 300 on the hydrogen inlet and outlet pipe 200 connected with the first hydrogen interface is opened to exhaust after 15-60 s of operation, the tail exhaust valve 300 is closed to stop exhausting after 100-500 ms of exhausting, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve 500 controls the switching of the air inlet direction again, and the air inlet direction is circularly switched in sequence.