阅读说明：本技术 双孢菇液体菌种熟料袋式养菌栽培方法 (Bag type cultivation method for culturing agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker ) 是由 王以军 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种双孢菇液体菌种熟料袋式养菌栽培方法,具体包括以下步骤：(1)液体菌种制作：(1.1)液体摇瓶菌种制作；(1.2)发酵罐液体菌种制作；(2)菌包制作；(3)出菇生产管理。本发明液体菌种采用特殊的培养基配方,使PH值可以达到8.5以上,达到弱碱环境,可以实现液体菌种与菌包对接能够完全萌化成熟。本发明的液体菌种菌龄活性好,一级菌种培养仅需要6天周期,二级菌种培养仅需7天周期,大大减少了培养时间,提高了栽培效率,且液体菌种便于自动化机械播种。本发明液体菌种是在发酵灌里培养,并且在与菌包对接后通过121℃高压灭菌,能够完全杀灭其中的病毒、病菌、虫卵,达到一种无菌状态,提高了菌种的质量,进而达到了无细菌、病毒、杆菌等纯绿色有机食品的安全保障。(The invention relates to a bag type fungus cultivation method for agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) preparing liquid strains: (1.1) liquid shake flask strain preparation; (1.2) preparing a fermentation tank liquid strain; (2) preparing a fungus bag; (3) and (5) fruiting production management. The liquid strain adopts a special culture medium formula, so that the pH value can reach more than 8.5, a weak alkali environment is achieved, and the liquid strain can be completely germinated and matured by butting with a fungus bag. The liquid strain has good activity of the strain age, the first-stage strain culture only needs 6 days, the second-stage strain culture only needs 7 days, the culture time is greatly shortened, the culture efficiency is improved, and the liquid strain is convenient for automatic mechanical seeding. The liquid strain is cultured in a fermentation tank, and is subjected to autoclaving at the temperature of 121 ℃ after being butted with a fungus bag, so that viruses, germs and worm eggs in the liquid strain can be completely killed, a sterile state is achieved, the quality of the strain is improved, and the safety guarantee of pure green organic food without bacteria, viruses, bacilli and the like is further achieved.)

1. The agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing liquid strains:

(1.1) liquid shake flask strain preparation: preparing a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises 0.5% of wheat flour, 0.3% of corn flour, 0.3% of peptone, 2% of glucose, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate, 0.2% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% of alkaline substances and vitamin B1; the pH value is 9.5;

(1.2) sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30 minutes after the culture medium is prepared, cooling and inoculating, and culturing at the constant temperature of 25 ℃ for 6 days;

(1.3) preparation of fermentation tank liquid strains: preparing a culture medium, namely 0.5% of wheat flour, 0.3% of corn flour, 0.3% of yeast extract, 1.5% of glucose, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate and 0.07% of alkaline substance, sterilizing at 121 ℃, cooling, inoculating, ventilating and culturing for 7 days; the pH value is 8.5;

(2) preparing a fungus bag:

(2.1) preparing a culture medium: 65% of corncobs, 20% of bran, 5% of corn flour, 8% of soybean meal, 1% of light calcium and a proper amount of alkaline substances, wherein the pH value is 8.5-9, and the water content is 60%;

(2.2) uniformly stirring, bagging and sterilizing;

(2.3) inoculating liquid strains in a sterile room after cooling;

(2.4) after inoculation of the fungus bags, culturing at the constant temperature of 24 ℃ for 20 days;

(3) and (3) fruiting production management:

(3.1) taking the fungus bags with the cultured fungi out of bags and putting the bags on a bed, and covering loose and breathable sandy soil with a thickness of 3 centimeters;

(3.2) cultivating the mushroom for 15 days at 22 ℃ after earthing, carrying out bud forcing and mushroom fruiting management, and controlling the temperature to be 15-18 ℃;

(3.3) managing heavy water injection, oxygen injection and temperature control in the fruiting period;

and (3.4) picking at proper time.

2. The agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the alkaline substance in the step (1.1) is sodium hydroxide.

3. The agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag-type fungus cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the alkaline substance in the step (1.3) is quicklime powder.

4. The agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag-type fungus cultivation method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the alkaline substance in the step (2.1) is quicklime powder.

5. The agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3) after inoculation in the step (1.2), putting a shaking table or a magnetic stirrer for stirring and culturing.

6. The agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: and (3.1) selecting the sandy soil from grass carbon soil, wherein the water content is 40-50%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agaricus bisporus cultivation, in particular to a liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method for agaricus bisporus.

Background

Agaricus bisporus (Agaricus bisporus) is also called white mushroom, and Agaricus bisporus. The agaricus bisporus is a mushroom which is cultivated and consumed worldwide, is called as 'world mushroom', and can be sold fresh, canned and salted. The mycelium of Agaricus bisporus can also be used as raw material for preparing medicine. The most cultivated agaricus bisporus in China is Fujian, Shandong, Henan, Zhejiang and other provinces. The cultivation methods include mushroom house cultivation, large shed frame cultivation, greenhouse ridge cultivation and the like. Different regions, different climatic conditions and different seasonsCan adopt a cultivation mode suitable for the user, has wide distribution and is generally cultivated in China. However, with the continuous development of the agaricus bisporus cultivation technology, the factory production of agaricus bisporus is realized, and the production can be realized continuously all the year round by controlling the environment of a mushroom house. The industrialized production of the agaricus bisporus can adjust the temperature, humidity and CO of a mushroom house₂The concentration, the ventilation quantity and the like are accurately controlled, so that a very suitable growing environment is provided for the agaricus bisporus.

The existing agaricus bisporus cultivation fungus bag is mainly manufactured by the traditional domestic solid manure soil fermentation wheat strain cultivation and the conventional Dutch tunnel fermentation cultivation. The solid soil fermentation and the Dutch tunnel fermentation are both carried out by adopting wheat grain strains, the culture time of the primary strains and the secondary strains is 30-35 days, the production period is long, the solid strains are cultured by adopting fermented manure, the production of the fermented manure can generate a large amount of waste water and waste gas to pollute the environment, and the fermented manure adopts conventional pasteurization after the manure is made, so that viruses, germs and ova are remained, and the fungi can not be thoroughly cleaned, so that a part of viruses and ova are remained.

At present, liquid strain cultivation techniques are disclosed in other mushroom cultivation at home and abroad, but the liquid strain cultivation techniques are all aimed at acid or weakly acid mushrooms, and the agaricus bisporus is special weakly alkaline mushrooms.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the background art, the invention develops an agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method, subverts the traditional cultivation technology and the Dutch cultivation process in China, adopts clinker fermentation to cultivate agaricus bisporus, realizes the effective butt joint of liquid strains and fungus sacs, better plays the role of the fungus sacs, shortens the cultivation time, and improves the cultivation efficiency and the product quality of the agaricus bisporus.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method comprises the following steps:

1. preparing liquid strains:

1.1 liquid shake flask strain preparation: preparing a culture medium, wherein the culture medium comprises 0.5% of wheat flour, 0.3% of corn flour, 0.3% of peptone, 2% of glucose, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate, 0.2% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% of alkaline substances and vitamin B1; the pH value is 9.5;

1.2 sterilizing the prepared culture medium for 30 minutes at 121 ℃, cooling and inoculating, and culturing for 6 days at constant temperature of 25 ℃;

1.3, preparing fermentation tank liquid strains: preparing a culture medium, namely 0.5% of wheat flour, 0.3% of corn flour, 0.3% of yeast extract, 1.5% of glucose, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate and 0.07% of alkaline substance, sterilizing at 121 ℃, cooling, inoculating, ventilating and culturing for 7 days; the pH value is 8.5;

2. preparing a fungus bag:

2.1 culture medium preparation: 65% of corncobs, 20% of bran, 5% of corn flour, 8% of soybean meal, 1% of light calcium and a proper amount of alkaline substances, wherein the pH value is 8.5-9, and the water content is 60%;

2.2 bagging after stirring evenly and sterilizing at 121 ℃ under high pressure;

2.3 inoculating liquid strains in a sterile room after cooling;

2.4 after inoculation of the fungus bags, culturing at the constant temperature of 24 ℃ for 20 days;

3. and (3) fruiting production management:

3.1 taking off the fungus bags with well-cultured fungi and putting the fungus bags on a bed, selecting loose and breathable sandy soil, and covering the soil with the thickness of 3 centimeters;

3.2, cultivating the mushroom at 22 ℃ for 15 days after earthing, carrying out bud forcing and mushroom fruiting management, and controlling the temperature to be 15-18 ℃;

3.3 managing, injecting heavy water, oxygen and controlling temperature in the fruiting period;

3.4 picking at the right time.

Preferably, the step 1.1 alkaline substance is sodium hydroxide.

Preferably, the step 1.3 alkaline material is quicklime powder.

Preferably, the step 2.1 alkaline material is quicklime powder.

Preferably, the step 1.2 is performed by stirring and culturing by a shaking table or a secondary stirrer after inoculation.

Preferably, the sandy soil of the step 3.1 is grass carbon soil with water content of 40-50%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the liquid strain adopts a special culture medium formula, so that the pH value can reach more than 8.5, a weak alkali environment is achieved, and the liquid strain can be completely germinated and matured by butting with a fungus bag.

2. The liquid strain has good activity of the strain age, the first-stage strain culture only needs 6 days, the second-stage strain culture only needs 7 days, the culture time is greatly shortened, the culture efficiency is improved, and the liquid strain is convenient for automatic mechanical seeding.

3. The liquid strain is cultured in a fermentation tank, and is subjected to autoclaving at the temperature of 121 ℃ after being butted with a fungus bag, so that viruses, germs and worm eggs in the liquid strain can be completely killed, a sterile state is achieved, the quality of the strain is improved, and the safety guarantee of pure green organic food without bacteria, viruses, bacilli and the like is further achieved.

4. The liquid strain of the invention is cultivated by clinker, the raw materials are wide, and the production process comprises raw material mixing, direct bagging and sterilization, fermentation is not needed, and zero pollution to the environment is realized.

5. The liquid strain has low cost, 0.2 yuan per liter of strain and 3 yuan per jin of solid strain.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to examples, which, although clearly and completely described, are intended to illustrate only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A agaricus bisporus liquid strain clinker bag type fungus cultivation method comprises the following steps:

1. preparing liquid strains:

(1) liquid shake flask strain (first-order strain) preparation: the culture medium is prepared from 0.5% of wheat flour, 0.3% of corn flour, 0.3% of peptone, 2% of glucose, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate, 0.2% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.05% of sodium hydroxide and one vitamin B1. A PH of 9.5 was achieved.

(2) Sterilizing the culture medium at 121 ℃ for 30 minutes after preparation, cooling and inoculating, and culturing for 6 days at a constant temperature of 25 ℃ in a shaking table or a secondary force stirrer.

(3) Preparing fermentation tank liquid strains (secondary strains): preparing a culture medium, namely 0.5 percent of wheat flour, 0.3 percent of corn flour, 0.3 percent of yeast extract, 1.5 percent of glucose, 0.1 percent of magnesium sulfate and 0.07 percent of quicklime powder, sterilizing at 121 ℃, cooling, inoculating a first-class strain, and culturing for 7 days in an aerated manner. A PH of 8.5 was achieved.

2. Fungus bag preparation, short bag and long rod (according to factory production mode):

(1) preparing a culture medium: 65% of corncobs, 20% of bran, 5% of corn flour, 8% of soybean meal, 1% of light calcium and a proper amount of quicklime powder, wherein the PH value is 8.5-9, and the water content is 60%.

(2) Stirring, bagging, sterilizing at 121 deg.C for 6 hr.

(3) And (5) inoculating a secondary liquid strain in a sterile room after cooling.

(4) After inoculation of the fungus bags, the temperature is kept constant for 20 days at 24 ℃ and the culture is well carried out.

3. And (3) fruiting production management:

(1) and (3) taking the fungus bags with well-cultured bacteria out of bags, putting the bags on a bed, and selecting loose and breathable sandy soil, wherein the grass carbon soil is the best, the water content is about 45%, and the thickness of the grass carbon soil is 3 cm.

(2) And (4) cultivating the fungi for 15 days at 22 ℃ after earthing, performing bud forcing and fruiting management, and controlling the temperature to be 15-18 ℃.

(3) And (5) heavy water injection, oxygen injection and temperature control are managed in the fruiting period.

(4) Picking at proper time.

According to the cultivation technology, in the liquid strain preparation process, the liquid shake flask strain adopts sodium hydroxide as a pH value adjusting key substance, is high in purity, is beneficial to control and adjustment, and is beneficial to environmental culture of a first-level strain; the liquid strains and the fungus bags of the fermentation tank are all prepared by using quicklime powder for regulation, and the method can be suitable for large-area culture. According to the invention, the pH value of the first-level strain is 9.5, the pH value of the second-level strain is 8.5, and the pH value of the fungus bag is 8.5-9 through strict control, so that the requirement of the agaricus bisporus on the weak alkaline environment is met, the agaricus bisporus can be cultivated by the liquid strain, the production efficiency and the product quality are greatly improved, and the production cost is reduced.