阅读说明：本技术 一种复合维生素种子包衣剂的制备方法及其应用 (Preparation method and application of composite vitamin seed coating agent ) 是由 孟恒君 居虎军 夏伟 周媛 陈洋 于 2021-08-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种复合维生素种子包衣剂的制备方法及其应用,将复合维生素种子包衣剂各组分称量,按要求的比例加入剪切机中,剪切混合均匀,使其充分溶解,磨球机研磨3小时,保证包衣剂各组分粒径均在10mm以下,加入柠檬酸或者氢氧化钾调整pH至6-7左右,加入成膜剂,混合均匀后即得到种子包衣剂；用制备的种子包衣剂,按照1:100的质量比,包裹在甜玉米种子表面,40℃以下干燥,搅拌均匀,直至种子表面包裹均匀,晾干,即得到包衣的甜玉米种子。本发明通过复配对植物生长促进作用明显的各类维生素,包裹在甜玉米种子表面,有效地提高了种子发芽率、幼苗株高、幼苗鲜重,促进了根系的生长,同时产量提高了13.45％。(The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a multivitamin seed coating agent, wherein the components of the multivitamin seed coating agent are weighed, added into a shearing machine according to a required proportion, sheared and mixed uniformly to be fully dissolved, ground for 3 hours by a ball grinding machine, the particle size of each component of the coating agent is ensured to be below 10mm, citric acid or potassium hydroxide is added to adjust the pH value to about 6-7, a film forming agent is added, and the seed coating agent is obtained after uniform mixing; coating the prepared seed coating agent on the surface of the sweet corn seed according to the mass ratio of 1:100, drying at the temperature of below 40 ℃, uniformly stirring until the seed surface is uniformly coated, and airing to obtain the coated sweet corn seed. According to the invention, various vitamins with obvious plant growth promoting effect are compounded and wrapped on the surface of the sweet corn seeds, so that the germination rate of the seeds, the plant height of seedlings and the fresh weight of the seedlings are effectively improved, the growth of root systems is promoted, and meanwhile, the yield is improved by 13.45%.)

1. The preparation method of the composite vitamin seed coating agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: weighing each component of the multivitamin seed coating agent, adding the components into a shearing machine according to a required proportion, shearing and mixing uniformly to fully dissolve the components, grinding the components for 3 hours by a ball grinding machine to ensure that the particle size of each component of the coating agent is below 10mm, adding citric acid or potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to about 6-7, adding a film forming agent, and mixing uniformly to obtain the seed coating agent;

step 2: coating the prepared seed coating agent on the surface of the sweet corn seed according to the mass ratio of 1:100, drying at the temperature of below 40 ℃, uniformly stirring until the seed surface is uniformly coated, and airing to obtain the coated sweet corn seed.

2. The method for preparing a coating agent of vitamin complex seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the proportion of the coating agent of vitamin complex seeds is calculated according to the following weight percentage:

vitamin B15%, vitamin B25.0%, vitamin B35.0%, vitamin B122.5%, vitamin C2.5%, naphthylacetic acid 0.5%, bactericide 1%, film-forming agent 20%, dye 0.2%, and the balance of water.

3. The method for preparing a coating agent of vitamin complex seeds as claimed in claim 2, wherein said bactericide is carbendazim.

4. The method for preparing a coating agent of seeds of vitamin complex as claimed in claim 2, wherein said film forming agent is polyvinyl alcohol.

5. The application of the multivitamin seed coating agent prepared by the preparation method of the multivitamin seed coating agent of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

a. selecting sweet corn seeds with consistent plumpness, coating with self-made multivitamin seed coating agent, using uncoated treatment as blank control (CK1), and commercial corn coating agent as common coating agent control, planting in a scientific research base with a cell area of 36m²Repeating the test for three times, and randomly arranging, wherein the soil quality of the test is sandy loam, and the fertility is general;

b. investigating germination vigor, germination rate and germination index during germination of corn seeds, wherein the germination index Gt is sigma Gt/Dt, Gt is the germination number per day in the final period of a germination test, and Dt is the germination days;

c. selecting 10 seedlings in each treatment of the seedling stage, separating germs from embryos, and measuring the height of the seedlings, the fresh weight of the seedlings, the length of root systems of the seedlings and the fresh weight of the root systems;

d. and (3) investigating the yield of the cell in the harvest period, converting the yield into the yield per hectare, calculating the yield increase rate, and comparing the application effect of the self-made multivitamin seed coating agent on the sweet corn seeds.

6. The use of the coating agent for vitamin complex seeds prepared by the process according to claim 5, wherein the germination energy is equal to the number of normally germinated seeds/number of seeds tested x 100% in the first three days, and the germination percentage is equal to the number of normally germinated seeds/number of seeds tested x 100%.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seed treatment, in particular to a preparation method and application of a multivitamin seed coating agent.

Background

With the continuous development of agricultural production level, farmers have requirements on high-quality seeds and also need to have better germination rate and disease resistance, and the seed coating agent can effectively solve the problems, and the seed coating agent is a novel seed treatment technology which utilizes an adhesive and a film-forming agent to coat non-seed materials such as sterilization and insecticidal chemical agents, trace elements, phytohormones and the like on the surfaces of the seeds and keeps the basic properties of the original seeds. After the seeds are coated, the germination rate of the seeds can be improved, the seedlings are uniform, strong and complete, meanwhile, the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops can be improved, and the later-period yield can be improved.

Vitamins are a kind of essential organic compounds required by biological metabolism, most of the vitamins can be synthesized by plants, and the vitamins are used as prosthetic groups of various enzymes in plants, participate in substance metabolism and energy transfer in organisms and play an important role in the growth process of the plants. For example, vitamin VC can increase the vitality of cucumber seeds, promote the growth of seedling roots and effectively improve the photosynthetic rate of leaf parts, while vitamins B1, B3 and B6 can promote the growth of hyphae, and the growth rates of ganoderma lucidum, flammulina velutipes and pholiota nameko are increased to different degrees in a single-factor test. The wheat seeds are soaked by the vitamins B1 and B6, the fresh weight and the quality of the seedlings with high seedling height are obviously improved, and the vitamin B6 effect is more obvious. The sweet corn seeds are soaked for 24 hours by using vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and vitamin B12 with different concentrations, and the seed germination rate and the seedling growth are obviously promoted.

In conclusion, the vitamins have obvious effects on plant seed growth and germination and seedling growth promotion, but the seed coating agent prepared by taking the vitamins as main active ingredients in the seed coating agent at home and abroad is still manufactured and reported.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a preparation method and application of a composite vitamin seed coating agent, which are used for effectively improving the germination rate of seeds, the plant height of seedlings and the fresh weight of the seedlings by compounding various vitamins with obvious plant growth promoting effect and coating the vitamins on the surface of sweet corn seeds, promoting the growth of root systems and simultaneously improving the yield by 13.45 percent so as to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a preparation method of a composite vitamin seed coating agent comprises the following steps:

step 1: weighing each component of the multivitamin seed coating agent, adding the components into a shearing machine according to a required proportion, shearing and mixing uniformly to fully dissolve the components, grinding the components for 3 hours by a ball grinding machine to ensure that the particle size of each component of the coating agent is below 10mm, adding citric acid or potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to about 6-7, adding a film forming agent, and mixing uniformly to obtain the seed coating agent;

step 2: coating the prepared seed coating agent on the surface of the sweet corn seed according to the mass ratio of 1:100, drying at the temperature of below 40 ℃, uniformly stirring until the seed surface is uniformly coated, and airing to obtain the coated sweet corn seed.

Further, the proportion of the vitamin complex seed coating agent is calculated according to the following weight percentage:

vitamin B15%, vitamin B25.0%, vitamin B35.0%, vitamin B122.5%, vitamin C2.5%, naphthylacetic acid 0.5%, bactericide 1%, film-forming agent 20%, dye 0.2%, and the balance of water.

Further, carbendazim is adopted as the bactericide.

Further, the film forming agent adopts polyvinyl alcohol.

The invention provides another technical scheme that: the application of the composite vitamin seed coating agent prepared by the preparation method of the composite vitamin seed coating agent comprises the following steps:

a. selecting sweet corn seeds with consistent plumpness, coating with self-made multivitamin seed coating agent, using uncoated treatment as blank control (CK1), and commercial corn coating agent as common coating agent control, planting in a scientific research base with a cell area of 36m²Repeating the test for three times, and randomly arranging, wherein the soil quality of the test is sandy loam, and the fertility is general;

b. investigating germination vigor, germination rate and germination index during germination of corn seeds, wherein the germination index Gt is sigma Gt/Dt, Gt is the germination number per day in the final period of a germination test, and Dt is the germination days;

c. selecting 10 seedlings in each treatment of the seedling stage, separating germs from embryos, and measuring the height of the seedlings, the fresh weight of the seedlings, the length of root systems of the seedlings and the fresh weight of the root systems;

d. and (3) investigating the yield of the cell in the harvest period, converting the yield into the yield per hectare, calculating the yield increase rate, and comparing the application effect of the self-made multivitamin seed coating agent on the sweet corn seeds.

Further, the germination vigor was equal to the number of normally germinated seeds/the number of seeds tested in the first three days × 100%, and the germination rate was equal to the number of normally germinated seeds/the number of seeds tested × 100%.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, various vitamins with obvious plant growth promoting effect are compounded and wrapped on the surface of the sweet corn seeds, so that the germination rate of the seeds, the plant height of seedlings and the fresh weight of the seedlings are effectively improved, the growth of root systems is promoted, and meanwhile, the yield is improved by 13.45%.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Compounding ratio of composite vitamin seed coating agent

a. The vitamin B film is prepared from, by weight, 15% of vitamin B, 25.0% of vitamin B, 35.0% of vitamin B, 122.5% of vitamin B, 2.5% of vitamin C, 1% of bactericide carbendazim, 20% of film-forming agent polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2% of dye and the balance of water.

The processing steps of the compound vitamin seed coating agent are as follows:

a. weighing the components, adding the components into a shearing machine according to a required proportion, shearing and mixing uniformly to fully dissolve the components, grinding for 3 hours by a ball grinding machine to ensure that the particle size of each component of the coating agent is below 10mm, adding citric acid or potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH value to about 6-7, adding a film forming agent, and mixing uniformly to obtain the seed coating agent.

b. Coating the prepared seed coating agent on the surface of the sweet corn seed according to the mass ratio of 1:100, drying at the temperature of below 40 ℃, uniformly stirring until the seed surface is uniformly coated, and airing to obtain the coated sweet corn seed.

Application effect test of composite vitamin seed coating agent

A. Sweet corn seeds (super sweet one) with consistent fill were selected and coated with a homemade multivitamin seed coating, with the uncoated treatment being the blank control (CK1) and a commercially available corn coating being the common coating control. Planted in a scientific research base with the area of 36m²The test was repeated three times and randomly arranged. The soil quality of the test soil is sandy loam, and the fertility is general.

B. The germination vigor, the germination rate and the germination index were investigated during the germination of the corn seeds. Germination vigor (number of seeds normally germinated in the first three days/number of seeds tested × 100%), germination rate (number of seeds normally germinated/number of seeds tested × 100%), germination index Gt ═ Σ Gt/Dt (Gt is the number of sprouts per day in the final stage of germination test, Dt is the number of days of germination)

c. 10 seedlings are selected for each treatment in the seedling stage, embryos and embryos are separated, and the height of the seedlings, the fresh weight of the seedlings, the length of roots of the seedlings and the fresh weight of the roots are measured.

Effect of different coating Agents on the Germination of sweet corn seeds

Values are the mean ± standard deviation of the measurements, different letters represent statistical differences (P < 0.05, Ducan' test), and n is 3.

c. 10 seedlings are selected for each treatment in the seedling stage, embryos and embryos are separated, and the height of the seedlings, the fresh weight of the seedlings, the length of roots of the seedlings and the fresh weight of the roots are measured.

Effect of different coating Agents on the Germination of sweet corn seeds

Values are the mean ± sd of the measurements, different letters represent statistical differences (P < 0.05, Ducan' test), and n is 3

d. And (3) investigating the yield of the cell in the harvest period, converting the yield into the yield per hectare, calculating the yield increase rate, and comparing the application effect of the self-made multivitamin seed coating agent on the sweet corn seeds.

Effect of different coating Agents on sweet corn yield

Values are the mean ± standard deviation of the measurements, different letters represent statistical differences (P < 0.05, Ducan' test), and n is 3.

By compounding various vitamins with obvious plant growth promoting effect and wrapping the vitamins on the surface of the sweet corn seeds, the germination rate of the seeds, the plant height of the seedlings and the fresh weight of the seedlings are effectively improved, the growth of root systems is promoted, and meanwhile, the yield is improved by 13.45 percent. The proportion is properly improved when the seed coating is carried out, the method is suitable for coating various crop seeds, and the germination rate, the growth vigor of the seedling stage and the later-period yield of the seeds can be obviously improved.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.