阅读说明：本技术 一种放射性气溶胶自动走纸取样和测量装置 (Automatic paper feeding, sampling and measuring device for radioactive aerosol ) 是由 周雪梅 赖伟 刘烨 刘卫 于 2021-08-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种放射性气溶胶自动走纸取样和测量装置,包括：取样测量容器；安装于取样测量容器内的探测器容器；安装于所述探测器容器内的反符合放射性探测器、前置放大器；安装于取样测量容器内以及探测器容器外的锥形导流容器；安装于探测器容器顶部上方以及进气口下方的气流分散套,具有上小下大的圆盘状结构,该气流分散套的下边缘与锥形导流容器的上边缘在水平方向保持1～4mm的间隙；以及安装于探测器容器下方的自动走纸取样装置,其上配制有穿过滤纸支撑台与反符合放射性探测器下端面之间狭缝的滤纸。根据本发明提供的装置,具有结构简单、体积小、可减少气溶胶取样过程中粒子损失并确保粒子沉积均匀、避免断纸、卡纸及滤纸浪费的优点。(The invention provides a radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device, comprising: sampling the measuring container; a probe container mounted within the sampling measurement container; the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector and the preamplifier are arranged in the detector container; the conical diversion container is arranged in the sampling measurement container and outside the detector container; the air flow dispersing sleeve is arranged above the top of the detector container and below the air inlet and is of a disc-shaped structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, and a gap of 1-4 mm is kept between the lower edge of the air flow dispersing sleeve and the upper edge of the conical diversion container in the horizontal direction; and an automatic paper feeding and sampling device arranged below the detector container, wherein filter paper penetrating through a slit between the filter paper supporting table and the lower end face of the anti-coincidence radioactive detector is arranged on the automatic paper feeding and sampling device. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and small volume, can reduce the particle loss in the aerosol sampling process, ensures uniform particle deposition and avoids paper breakage, paper jam and filter paper waste.)

1. An automatic paper feed sampling and measuring device for radioactive aerosols, comprising:

the sampling and measuring container is arranged on the outermost layer, the top of the sampling and measuring container is provided with an air inlet, and the bottom of the sampling and measuring container is provided with an air outlet;

a probe container mounted within the sampling and measuring container, defining a probe chamber therein;

the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector and the preamplifier are arranged in the detector container, the preamplifier is connected with a signal end of the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector, and a signal is led out through the upper end face of the sampling measurement container;

the conical diversion container is arranged in the sampling measurement container and outside the detector container;

the air flow dispersing sleeve is arranged above the top of the detector container and below the air inlet and has a disc-shaped structure with a small upper surface and a large lower surface, and a gap of 1-4 mm is kept between the lower edge of the air flow dispersing sleeve and the upper edge of the conical diversion container in the horizontal direction; and

the automatic paper feeding and sampling device is arranged in the sampling and measuring container and below the detector container, and filter paper which passes through a slit between a filter paper supporting table and the lower end face of the anti-coincidence radioactive detector is prepared on the automatic paper feeding and sampling device;

the fluid carrying the radioactive aerosol enters from the air inlet, enters a gas flow channel formed between the inner wall of the conical diversion container and the outer wall of the detector container under the guidance of the air flow dispersing sleeve, further reaches the filter paper, and detects alpha and beta radioactive activity values on the filter paper through the anti-coincidence radioactive detector, so that the radioactive aerosol in the environment is monitored.

2. A radioactive aerosol automatic paper feed sampling and measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the air flow dispersing sleeve has an obliquely extending outer wall with which the air inlet is aligned.

3. An automatic paper feeding radioactive aerosol sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the air flow dispersing sleeve and the inner wall of the conical diversion container are polished to reduce the loss caused by radioactive aerosol attached thereon.

4. A radioactive aerosol autopilot sampling and measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the autopilot sampling device comprises: the device comprises a driving wheel for winding used filter paper, a driven wheel for winding unused filter paper, a first horizontal wheel and a second horizontal wheel which are arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and a motor which is connected with the driving wheel and provides power, wherein the first horizontal wheel and the second horizontal wheel are positioned on the same horizontal plane with the upper surface of the filter paper supporting table so as to ensure that a monitoring object corresponding to the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector is always kept horizontal.

5. The automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device of radioactive aerosol as claimed in claim 4, wherein the distance between the filter paper and the lower end face of the anti-coincidence radioactive detector is 1-2 mm.

6. The radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the automatic paper feeding sampling device further comprises a counting paper pressing wheel, and a counting paper pressing wheel fixing and sensing device connected with the counting paper pressing wheel.

7. A radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure gauge, a flow meter and an air suction pump connected with the air outlet outside the sampling and measuring container.

8. An automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device for radioactive aerosol according to claim 1, wherein the height of the conical diversion container is 9-12 cm, the cone angle of the outer wall of the conical diversion container relative to the vertical direction is 10-15 °, and the pipe diameters of the air inlet and the air outlet are 12-18 mm.

9. A radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector is tightly connected with the detector container through a fixing pin.

10. The radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector is an anti-coincidence passivation ion implantation type planar silicon detector.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of radiation monitoring of radioactive aerosol, in particular to an automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device for radioactive aerosol.

Background

In professional workplaces of various nuclear facilities, radioactive aerosols formed by long-lived alpha and beta nuclides are a major source of inhalation hazards for workers. The radioactive aerosol is monitored, so that the health of personnel is guaranteed, and the accident potential of nuclear facilities is found conveniently and timely.

An energy discrimination method is usually adopted to measure the alpha nuclide aerosol, if the aerosol sample is deposited on filter paper unevenly, alpha particles emitted from the deep part of the deposited sample can be subjected to self-absorption, energy is attenuated, an alpha energy spectrum is distorted, energy resolution ratio is poor, and monitoring of the alpha nuclide aerosol is seriously influenced. The invention patent application with the application number of CN202110159780.4 and the title of radioactive aerosol sampling and measuring device is provided with an air rectifying cone and a shell shielding body arranged around the air rectifying cone, a gas flow passage gap is formed between the air rectifying cone and the shell shielding body, and radioactive aerosol particles pass through the flow passage gap and are collected on filter paper, so that the problems of particle loss and deposition in the radioactive aerosol sampling process are solved, but the structural complexity and the external dimension of the sampling and measuring device are increased.

The radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding device is widely applied to an aerosol monitor, and the problems frequently encountered by a plurality of monitoring devices, such as failure, paper jamming, paper breakage, filter paper waste and the like of the paper feeding device, are solved. Application number CN202020309279.2, the utility model patent application of title "conveyer and atmosphere radioactivity aerosol monitoring facilities" provides a filter paper automatic conveying and effectively prevents cracked method of filter paper in the transfer process, is equipped with reinforced membrane spool and pad pasting subassembly in the device, but relevant device structure is comparatively complicated to technical problem such as to card paper, filter paper waste does not mention.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an automatic paper feeding, sampling and measuring device for radioactive aerosol, so that the problems of complex structure, paper jam, paper breakage, filter paper waste and the like of radioactive aerosol monitoring equipment in the prior art are solved.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

there is provided a radioactive aerosol automatic paper feed sampling and measuring device comprising: the sampling and measuring container is arranged on the outermost layer, the top of the sampling and measuring container is provided with an air inlet, and the bottom of the sampling and measuring container is provided with an air outlet; a probe container mounted within the sampling and measuring container, defining a probe chamber therein; the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector and the preamplifier are arranged in the detector container, the preamplifier is connected with a signal end of the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector, and a signal is led out through the upper end face of the sampling measurement container; the conical diversion container is arranged in the sampling measurement container and outside the detector container; the air flow dispersing sleeve is arranged above the top of the detector container and below the air inlet and has a disc-shaped structure with a small upper surface and a large lower surface, and a gap of 1-4 mm is kept between the lower edge of the air flow dispersing sleeve and the upper edge of the conical diversion container in the horizontal direction; the automatic paper feeding and sampling device is arranged in the sampling and measuring container and below the detector container, and filter paper passing through a slit between a filter paper supporting table and the lower end face of the anti-coincidence radioactive detector is prepared on the automatic paper feeding and sampling device; the fluid carrying the radioactive aerosol enters from the air inlet, enters a gas flow channel formed between the inner wall of the conical diversion container and the outer wall of the detector container under the guidance of the air flow dispersing sleeve, further reaches the filter paper, and detects alpha and beta radioactive activity values on the filter paper through the anti-coincidence radioactive detector, so that the radioactive aerosol in the environment is monitored.

Preferably, the air flow dispersing sleeve has an obliquely extending outer wall with which the air inlet is aligned.

Preferably, the outer wall of the air flow dispersing sleeve and the inner wall of the conical diversion container are both polished to reduce the loss caused by radioactive aerosol attached to the air flow dispersing sleeve.

The automatic paper feeding and sampling device comprises: the device comprises a driving wheel for winding used filter paper, a driven wheel for winding unused filter paper, a first horizontal wheel and a second horizontal wheel which are arranged between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and a motor which is connected with the driving wheel and provides power, wherein the first horizontal wheel and the second horizontal wheel are positioned on the same horizontal plane with the upper surface of the filter paper supporting table so as to ensure that a monitoring object corresponding to the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector is always kept horizontal.

Preferably, the distance between the filter paper and the lower end face of the anti-coincidence radioactive detector is 1-2 mm.

Preferably, the automatic paper feeding and sampling device further comprises a counting paper pressing wheel and a counting paper pressing wheel fixing and sensing device connected with the counting paper pressing wheel.

Preferably, the sampling and measuring device further comprises a pressure gauge, a flow meter and a suction pump which are connected with the air outlet outside the sampling and measuring container. Negative pressure is formed in the gas flow channel by the aid of the air suction pump at the air outlet end, fluid carrying radioactive aerosol passes through the filter paper, the radioactive aerosol is collected on the filter paper, and ray information released by the radioactive aerosol is detected through the detector assembly.

Preferably, the height of the conical diversion container is 9-12 cm, the cone angle of the outer wall of the conical diversion container relative to the vertical direction is 10-15 degrees, and the pipe diameters of the air inlet and the air outlet are 12-18 mm.

Preferably, the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector is tightly connected with the detector container through a fixing pin.

Preferably, the anti-coincidence detector is an anti-coincidence passivation ion implantation type planar silicon detector.

The radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device provided by the invention has the main invention points and beneficial effects brought by the same, and comprises:

on one hand, an airflow dispersing sleeve with a disc-shaped structure is arranged between the air inlet and the top of the detector container, so that when the fluid carrying the radioactive aerosol passes through the slits at the airflow dispersing sleeve with the inclination, the fluid is dispersed and then enters a gas flow channel formed between the inner wall of the conical diversion container and the outer wall of the detector container from the surrounding slits, and is not easy to deposit on the airflow dispersing sleeve, the deposition of radioactive aerosol particles on a diversion path is reduced, and the loss of the radioactive aerosol particles in the sampling process is reduced;

on the other hand, the two horizontal wheels enable the filter paper at the aerosol collecting position to be always in the horizontal position, the parallel relation between the detector and the filter paper is ensured, the accuracy of the measuring position is ensured, the paper pressing counting wheel has the functions of ensuring that the filter paper is always in a straight state and recording the number of the used filter paper, and corresponding sampling measures are controlled according to the recording, so that the phenomena of paper jamming, breakage, waste and the like of the filter paper are avoided;

in the third aspect, because the detector uses a reverse-coincidence double-ion implantation type planar silicon detector, and is combined with a sealed container shell arranged outside the detector, the influence of gamma rays in the background on measurement can be effectively removed, an additional lead shielding layer is not required to be added, and the size and the weight of the monitoring device are reduced.

In conclusion, the invention provides the automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device for the radioactive aerosol, which has the advantages of simple structure and small volume, can reduce the particle loss in the aerosol sampling process, ensure the uniform particle deposition, avoid the phenomena of paper breaking, paper jamming, filter paper waste and the like, automatically sample by the paper feeding device through a control program, measure by the detector assembly and realize the integration of sampling and measuring.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall construction of an automated paper-feed radioactive aerosol sampling and measurement apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an automatic paper feeding and sampling device;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of a sampling and measuring method of the radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

As shown in fig. 1, an automatic paper-feeding radioactive aerosol sampling and measuring device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: the device comprises a sampling measuring container 16, a detector container 15, a back coincidence radioactivity detector 1, a preamplifier 2, an airflow dispersing sleeve 9, a conical diversion container 10 and an automatic paper feeding sampling device 200.

Wherein the sample measuring container 16 is arranged at the outermost layer of the whole apparatus, and has a gas inlet 11 at the top and a gas outlet 13 at the bottom. The probe container 15 is mounted in the sampling measurement container 16 through a positioning hole and a nut, and defines a probe chamber 100 inside thereof. The anti-coincidence radioactivity detector 1 is placed in a base with a positioning hole, and the base is connected with a detector container 15 through a fixing pin. Two signal ends of the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector 1 are tightly connected with the preamplifier 2 through a fixing nut to realize the fixation of the preamplifier 2, and the signal of the preamplifier 2 and a power supply end lead are led out through the upper end face 17 of the sampling measurement container 16 and are connected with an electronic board card outside.

The upper end of the conical guide container 10 is fixed to the upper end surface of the sampling and measuring container 16, and is installed inside the sampling and measuring container 16 and outside the probe container 15. An air flow dispersing sleeve 9 having a small upper and large lower disc-like configuration is mounted above the top of the detector vessel 15 and below the air inlet 11, the air flow dispersing sleeve 9 having an obliquely extending outer wall with which the air inlet 11 is aligned. A gap of 1-4 mm, most preferably 2mm, is kept between the lower edge of the airflow dispersing sleeve 9 and the upper edge of the conical diversion container 10 in the horizontal direction.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an automatic paper feeding and sampling apparatus 200 is installed in a sampling and measuring container 16 and below a probe container 15, and the automatic paper feeding and sampling apparatus 200 includes: the paper filter paper counting and counting device comprises a driving wheel 3 for winding used filter paper, a driven wheel 4 for winding unused filter paper, a filter paper supporting net 14 and a filter paper supporting table 12 for supporting the filter paper, a first horizontal wheel 5 and a second horizontal wheel 6 which are arranged between the driving wheel 3 and the driven wheel 4, a counting paper pressing wheel 7, a micro motor 8 which is connected with the driving wheel 3 and provides power, and a counting paper pressing wheel fixing and sensing device 22 which is connected with the counting paper pressing wheel 7.

The counting paper pressing wheel 7 is used for ensuring that the filter paper is always in a straightened state, recording the using amount of the filter paper and prompting to replace the filter paper according to the residual amount of the filter paper. The micro motor 8 is driven by the power of the paper feeding device, ensures the paper feeding speed and the paper feeding time of the filter paper when the paper feeding is needed through a control program, reasonably and efficiently utilizes the filter paper, and does not waste any filter paper as much as possible.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the automatic paper feeding and sampling device 200 is installed by: firstly, a new filter paper roll 4-2 with a shaft is inserted into the filter paper shaft 4-1 on the driven wheel 4, a bayonet is installed, so that one end of the filter paper is wound on the driven wheel 4, the filter paper passes through the first horizontal wheel 5, passes through a slit formed between the upper end face of the filter paper supporting table 12 and the lower end face of the detector, bypasses the second horizontal wheel 6, and the other end of the filter paper is wound on the filter paper shaft 3-1 of the driving wheel 3, and the used filter paper roll is shown as 3-2, so that the filter paper installation is completed. The first horizontal wheel 5 and the second horizontal wheel 6 are located at the same horizontal plane with the upper surface of the filter paper support table 12, so as to ensure that the monitoring object corresponding to the anti-coincidence radioactive detector 1 is always kept horizontal.

It is also preferred that the distance between the filter paper and the lower end face of the anti-coincidence radioactivity detector 1 is 1-2 mm, most preferably 1 mm.

According to the preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device further comprises a pressure gauge 18 connected to the air outlet 13 outside the sampling and measuring container 16, a flow meter 19, and a suction pump 20. Wherein, the pressure gauge 18 can be used for monitoring whether the filter paper is broken or not, whether the filter paper is installed or not and whether the paper needs to be fed or not; the flow meter 19 can be used to accurately measure the volume of the sampled fluid; by using the air pump 20 to pump air, negative pressure is formed in the air flow channel, so that the fluid carrying the radioactive aerosol passes through the filter paper on the support net 14 under the action of the negative pressure, and in the process, the aerosol is deposited on the filter paper.

According to the preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the air flow dispersing sleeve 9 and the inner wall of the conical diversion container 10 are polished to reduce the loss caused by radioactive aerosol attached to the air flow dispersing sleeve.

According to the preferred embodiment, the height of the conical diversion container 10 is preferably 9-12 cm, the conical angle 30 of the outer wall of the conical diversion container relative to the vertical direction is preferably 10-15 degrees, and the pipe diameters of the air inlet 11 and the air outlet 13 are preferably 12-18 mm. The width of the filter paper is larger than the diameter of the filter paper support net 14, and the diameter of the filter paper support net 14 is ensured not to be larger than the diameter of the anti-coincidence radioactive detector 1, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measured data.

Preferably, the anti-coincidence radioactive detector 1 is an anti-coincidence passivation ion implantation type planar silicon detector, and is combined with a sealing sampling measurement container arranged outside the detector, so that the influence of gamma rays in the background on measurement can be effectively removed, an additional lead shielding layer is not required to be added, and the size and the weight of the monitoring device are reduced.

According to the preferred embodiment, the sample-measuring container 16 is box-shaped, the front sealing door is tightly connected to the upper plate by means of snap-in fasteners, and the sealing door is provided with a sealing strip at its edge to ensure the sealing properties of the sample-measuring container 16. If the filter paper needs to be replaced, the filter paper can be replaced only by opening the sealing door and carrying out simple push-pull type loading and unloading.

The method for using and the working principle of the radioactive aerosol automatic paper feeding sampling and measuring device provided according to the preferred embodiment are described as follows with reference to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3:

under the action of the negative pressure of the air pump 20, the fluid carrying the radioactive aerosol enters a gas flow channel formed by the airflow dispersing sleeve 9, the outer wall of the detector container 15 and the inner wall of the conical diversion container 10 from the air inlet 11, the fluid is guided to the filter paper of the filter paper supporting net 14, the radioactive aerosol in the fluid is collected on the filter paper, the anti-coincidence radioactive detector 1 detects alpha and beta particles emitted by the radioactive aerosol to realize the monitoring of the radioactive aerosol in the environment, the gas with the aerosol filtered out flows out from the air outlet 13, and the pressure gauge 18 and the flow meter 19 connected with the air outlet pipeline are used for accurately monitoring the fluid pressure and the sampling volume.

In order to effectively and accurately measure the radioactive aerosol, parameters such as flow, pressure and the like are further optimized, wherein the gas flow range is preferably 10-50L/min, most preferably 35L/min, the matched flowmeter 19 is adjustable, and the measuring range is 0-60L/min; the pressure drop range is 10 kPa-35 kPa, the most preferable range is 20kPa, and the range of 18 measuring ranges of the matched pressure gauge is-100 kPa-0 kPa; the idling flow rate of the suction pump 20 is preferably 100L/min.

The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes may be made in the above embodiments of the present invention. All simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the content of the specification of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present patent application. The invention has not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the invention.