阅读说明：本技术 一种模拟母岩风化的实验装置 (Experimental device for simulating mother rock weathering ) 是由 高亮 郭成彬 杜晓峰 王冠民 王清斌 庞小军 冯冲 代黎明 李文欣 杜阳阳 殷梓 于 2021-07-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种模拟母岩风化的实验装置。该装置包括：温度控制模块、降水模拟模块、风力控制模块、生物风化模块和上位机,使其具有相对综合、简单、经济等优点。并且,通过采用温度控制模块模拟母岩风化实验过程中的气温变化,采用降水模拟模块模拟母岩风化实验过程中的降水变化,采用风力控制模块模拟母岩风化实验过程中的风力变化,采用生物风化模块模拟母岩风化实验过程中生物生长所分泌的酸类物质对母岩区的破坏作用,采用上位机用于生成控制信号,以分别控制温度控制模块、降水模拟模块、风力控制模块、降水模拟模块和生物风化模块,能够充分考虑母岩区的温度、风力、降水、生物、构造等因素影响,使剥蚀模拟结果更加精细、更具指导意义。(The invention relates to an experimental device for simulating mother rock weathering. The device includes: the device comprises a temperature control module, a precipitation simulation module, a wind power control module, a biological weathering module and an upper computer, so that the device has the advantages of being relatively comprehensive, simple, economical and the like. And the temperature control module is adopted to simulate the temperature change in the mother rock weathering experiment process, the precipitation simulation module is adopted to simulate the precipitation change in the mother rock weathering experiment process, the wind control module is adopted to simulate the wind power change in the mother rock weathering experiment process, the biological weathering module is adopted to simulate the destructive effect of acid substances secreted by the biological growth in the mother rock weathering experiment process on the mother rock area, and the upper computer is used for generating control signals to respectively control the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind power control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module.)

1. An experimental apparatus for simulating parent rock weathering, comprising: the device comprises a temperature control module, a precipitation simulation module, a wind power control module, a biological weathering module and an upper computer;

the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module are all connected with the upper computer;

the temperature control module is used for simulating the temperature change in the mother rock weathering experiment process; the precipitation simulation module is used for simulating precipitation change in the mother rock weathering experiment process; the wind power control module is used for simulating wind power change in the mother rock weathering experiment process; the biological weathering module is used for simulating the damage effect of acid substances secreted by biological growth on a parent rock area in the parent rock weathering experiment process; the upper computer is used for generating control signals to respectively control the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module.

2. The experimental device for simulating parent rock weathering of claim 1, wherein the temperature control module comprises: a plurality of heating strips;

each heating strip comprises a heating unit and a temperature tray;

the heating unit is arranged on the temperature tray in a sliding mode.

3. The experimental device for simulating weathering of parent rock according to claim 2, wherein the heating unit includes a heating tray, a resistor, wheels and protrusions;

the resistor, the protrusion and the wheel are all arranged on the heating tray; the heating tray is clamped with the temperature tray through the bulge; the heating tray slides on the temperature tray via the wheels.

4. The experimental device for simulating weathering of parent rock according to claim 1, wherein the precipitation simulation module includes: a plurality of raindrop simulation units;

each raindrop simulation unit comprises a raindrop tray and a raindrop control rotary disc;

a circular hole is formed in the raindrop tray; the raindrop control turntable is arranged at the pre-control position; the raindrop control rotary disc is provided with a plurality of raindrop round holes with different radiuses;

the raindrop control turntable is connected with the upper computer; the raindrop control rotary disc enables raindrop round holes with different radiuses to correspond to the round holes through rotation, and then precipitation change in the mother rock weathering experiment process is simulated.

5. The experimental device for simulating parent rock weathering of claim 1, wherein the wind control module includes: a plurality of wind power units;

each wind power unit is provided with a wind power tray and a wind power strength turntable;

the wind tray is provided with a wind port; the wind power intensity turntable is arranged at the wind port; a plurality of wind power circular holes with different radiuses are formed in the wind power intensity turntable;

the wind power intensity turntable is connected with the upper computer; the wind power strength turntable enables the wind power round holes with different radiuses to correspond to the air ports through rotation, and therefore wind power change in the mother rock weathering experiment process is simulated.

6. The experimental device for simulating parent rock weathering of claim 1, further comprising an experimental box;

the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module are all arranged on the experimental box.

7. The experimental device for simulating mother rock weathering according to claim 6, wherein the inner side walls at two ends of the experimental box are provided with moving walls for simulating stress changes in the experimental process of mother rock weathering.

8. The experimental device for simulating parent rock weathering of claim 7, wherein the moving wall includes: the device comprises a metal plate, a force transmission column and a hydraulic power device;

the force transmission column is arranged on the metal plate; the force transmission column is connected with the hydraulic power device; the hydraulic power device is connected with the upper computer;

the upper computer controls the hydraulic power device to push the force transmission column; the force transmission column pushes the metal plate to simulate the stress change in the experimental process of the weathering of the parent rock.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of experimental devices, in particular to an experimental device for simulating mother rock weathering.

Background

The study on the weathering of parent rocks is a relatively mature research field in the fields of geology and petrogeology. In the prior art, the weathering research is more focused on the field geological investigation aspect or the analysis and test aspect in a sampling laboratory. For simulation experiments, field observation of field districts and indoor relatively single simulation are more common in the prior art, research objects are only limited to soil, loess and cultural relics, the experimental device is relatively single in arrangement, and simulation contents mainly focus on the aspect of degradation of sediment by ground runoff formed by rainfall.

In conclusion, the indoor weathering simulation experiment in the aspect of rocks in the prior art lacks a relatively comprehensive, simple and economic experiment simulation device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a relatively comprehensive, simple and economic experimental device for simulating the weathering of parent rocks.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

an experimental apparatus for simulating parent rock weathering, comprising: the device comprises a temperature control module, a precipitation simulation module, a wind power control module, a biological weathering module and an upper computer;

the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module are all connected with the upper computer;

the temperature control module is used for simulating the temperature change in the mother rock weathering experiment process; the precipitation simulation module is used for simulating precipitation change in the mother rock weathering experiment process; the wind power control module is used for simulating wind power change in the mother rock weathering experiment process; the biological weathering module is used for simulating the damage effect of acid substances secreted by biological growth on a parent rock area in the parent rock weathering experiment process; the upper computer is used for generating control signals to respectively control the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module.

Preferably, the temperature control module includes: a plurality of heating strips;

each heating strip comprises a heating unit and a temperature tray;

the heating unit is arranged on the temperature tray in a sliding mode.

Preferably, the heating unit includes a heating tray, a resistor, a wheel, and a protrusion;

the resistor, the protrusion and the wheel are all arranged on the heating tray; the heating tray is clamped with the temperature tray through the bulge; the heating tray slides on the temperature tray via the wheels.

Preferably, the precipitation simulation module comprises: a plurality of raindrop simulation units;

each raindrop simulation unit comprises a raindrop tray and a raindrop control rotary disc;

a circular hole is formed in the raindrop tray; the raindrop control turntable is arranged at the pre-control position; the raindrop control rotary disc is provided with a plurality of raindrop round holes with different radiuses;

the raindrop control turntable is connected with the upper computer; the raindrop control rotary disc enables raindrop round holes with different radiuses to correspond to the round holes through rotation, and then precipitation change in the mother rock weathering experiment process is simulated.

Preferably, the wind control module comprises: a plurality of wind power units;

each wind power unit is provided with a wind power tray and a wind power strength turntable;

the wind tray is provided with a wind port; the wind power intensity turntable is arranged at the wind port; a plurality of wind power circular holes with different radiuses are formed in the wind power intensity turntable;

the wind power intensity turntable is connected with the upper computer; the wind power strength turntable enables the wind power round holes with different radiuses to correspond to the air ports through rotation, and therefore wind power change in the mother rock weathering experiment process is simulated.

Preferably, the device also comprises an experimental box;

the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module are all arranged on the experimental box.

Preferably, the inner side walls at two ends of the experiment box are provided with moving walls for simulating stress change in the mother rock weathering experiment process.

Preferably, the moving wall includes: the device comprises a metal plate, a force transmission column and a hydraulic power device;

the force transmission column is arranged on the metal plate; the force transmission column is connected with the hydraulic power device; the hydraulic power device is connected with the upper computer;

the upper computer controls the hydraulic power device to push the force transmission column; the force transmission column pushes the metal plate to simulate the stress change in the experimental process of the weathering of the parent rock.

According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:

the invention provides an experimental device for simulating weathering of parent rock, which comprises: the device comprises a temperature control module, a precipitation simulation module, a wind power control module, a biological weathering module and an upper computer, so that the device has the advantages of being relatively comprehensive, simple, economical and the like. And the temperature control module is adopted to simulate the temperature change in the mother rock weathering experiment process, the precipitation simulation module is adopted to simulate the precipitation change in the mother rock weathering experiment process, the wind control module is adopted to simulate the wind power change in the mother rock weathering experiment process, the biological weathering module is adopted to simulate the destructive effect of acid substances secreted by the biological growth in the mother rock weathering experiment process on the mother rock area, and the upper computer is used for generating control signals to respectively control the temperature control module, the precipitation simulation module, the wind power control module, the precipitation simulation module and the biological weathering module.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature control module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a precipitation simulation module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind control module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an initial block diagram of an experimental apparatus for simulating weathering of parent rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an experimental apparatus for simulating weathering of parent rock including a movable wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a general block diagram of an experimental apparatus for simulating weathering of parent rock according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control module and a precipitation simulation module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the splicing of a moving wall and an experimental box provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 is an experimental schematic diagram based on a degradation study of various types of parent rocks under different geological backgrounds, according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating the destructive effect of acids secreted by a biological weathering module during the simulated biological growth process on a parent rock region according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Description of the symbols:

1 temperature control module, 11 temperature trays, 12 heating trays, 13 resistances, 14 wheels, 15 protrusions, 16 grooves, 2 precipitation simulation modules, 21 raindrop trays, 22 raindrop control turntables, 23 round holes, 24 raindrop round holes, 25 water inlets, 3 wind power control modules, 31 wind power trays, 32 wind power intensity turntables, 33 wind ports, 34 wind power round holes, 4 experimental boxes, 5 mother rock experimental samples, 6 force transmission columns and 7 metal plates.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a relatively comprehensive, simple and economic experimental device for simulating the weathering of parent rocks.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

The invention provides an experimental device for simulating weathering of parent rock, which comprises: the device comprises a temperature control module 1, a precipitation simulation module 2, a wind power control module 3, a biological weathering module and an upper computer. Wherein the biological weathering module and the host computer are not shown. The upper computer can be replaced by any controller or control platform with the function of implanting software.

The temperature control module 1, the precipitation simulation module 2, the wind power control module 3, the precipitation simulation module 2 and the biological weathering module are all connected with an upper computer.

The temperature control module 1 is used for simulating the temperature change in the experimental process of parent rock weathering. The precipitation simulation module 2 is used for simulating precipitation change in the maternal rock weathering experiment process. And the wind control module 3 is used for simulating wind power change in the mother rock weathering experiment process. The biological weathering module is used for simulating the destructive effect of acid substances secreted by biological growth on a parent rock area in the experimental process of parent rock weathering. The upper computer is used for generating control signals to respectively control the temperature control module 1, the precipitation simulation module 2, the wind power control module 3, the precipitation simulation module 2 and the biological weathering module.

Wherein, in order to simplify the device structure, improve the selectivity, the temperature control module 1 of above-mentioned adoption includes: a plurality of heating strips.

As shown in fig. 1, each heating bar includes a heating unit and a temperature tray 11. The heating unit is slidably disposed on the temperature tray 11 to simulate the trajectory of the sun.

The heating unit includes a heating tray 12, a resistor 13, wheels 14, and protrusions 15.

The resistor 13, the protrusion 15 and the wheel 14 are all provided on the heating tray 12. The heating tray 12 is clamped in the groove 16 of the temperature tray 11 through the protrusion 15. The heating tray 12 is slid on the temperature tray 11 by wheels 14, and the wheels 14 are located on the back of the heating tray 12. Wherein, the resistor 13 is also provided with a heat dissipation port at the corresponding position. The temperature tray 11 has built-in wires and signal lines connected to the resistor 13.

By the principle of a similar electric blanket, the heating unit can rapidly generate heat after being electrified and radiate the heat into the test device.

In the process of simulating temperature change by adopting the temperature control module 1, the climate information of the local area and the analogy adjacent area is collected to simulate the temperature change of one day and one year (in order to accelerate the experiment progress, the day of the experiment time is set as 4 hours in the display). In the experimental process, the difference of the sunny side and the dormitory side of the object source region is considered. The influence of the Taiyang east rising west colony on the ancient source area in the nature is considered.

As shown in fig. 2, the precipitation simulation module 2 used in the present invention includes: a plurality of raindrop simulation units.

Each raindrop simulation unit includes a raindrop tray 21 and a raindrop control dial 22.

The raindrop tray 21 is provided with a circular hole 23. The raindrop control dial 22 is provided at the pre-control position. The raindrop control dial 22 is provided with a plurality of raindrop round holes 24 having different radii.

The raindrop control turntable 22 is connected with an upper computer. The raindrop control rotary disc 22 enables raindrop round holes 24 with different radiuses to correspond to the round holes 23 through rotation, and then precipitation change in the mother rock weathering experiment process is simulated.

In the practical application process, the precipitation simulation module 2 is also provided with a water inlet 25, and the water inlet 25 controls the flow rate of water through software (implanted in an upper computer) so as to simulate the intensity of precipitation. The front surface of the raindrop tray 21 is provided with a circular hole 23, the back surface is provided with a raindrop control turntable 22, and the raindrop control turntable 22 is provided with raindrop circular holes 24 with different radiuses. The water flows into the lower space through the circular hole 23, and the raindrop control turntable 22 can make different raindrop circular holes 24 correspond to the circular hole 23 through rotation to control the size of raindrops. The shape of the raindrop tray 21 is not limited, and the raindrop tray mainly functions as a carrier and has a certain thickness.

As shown in fig. 3, the wind power control module 3 adopted in the present invention includes: a plurality of wind power units.

Each wind power unit is provided with a wind power tray 31 and a wind power intensity turntable 32.

The wind tray 31 is provided with a tuyere 33. The wind intensity rotating disk 32 is arranged at the position of the wind opening 33. The wind intensity rotating disk 32 is provided with a plurality of wind circular holes 34 with different radiuses.

The wind power intensity turntable 32 is connected with an upper computer. The wind power strength rotating disc 32 enables the wind power round holes 34 with different radiuses to correspond to the wind ports 33 through rotation so as to form wind channels, and then wind power changes in the mother rock weathering experiment process are simulated.

In the process of adopting the wind control module 3 to carry out wind power change simulation, the climate information of the local area and the analogy adjacent area is mainly collected, the wind power is controlled through the air blower, the direction of the wind is controlled through opening and closing the air inlet 33, different natural wind is simulated to enter the simulation device from the air inlet 33 at the bottom of the device, the wind power condition of the ancient material source area is simulated, and in the simulation process, the influence of the wind level and the season is considered.

Based on the specific structure of the precipitation simulation module 2 and the wind control module 3, the raindrop control dial 22 and the wind intensity dial 32 can be controlled to rotate manually.

When the biological weathering module simulates the damage effect of acid substances secreted in the biological growth process on the mother rock area, the main types and the quantity of plants in the research area and the types and the concentrations of generated organic acids need to be collected according to the research results of predecessors, and the acids with different concentrations are prepared in a laboratory and are dripped into the mother rock to achieve the simulation purpose. Considering the influence of the climate on the organisms, the acid concentration is set and is estimated by referring to the biological density of a plurality of blocks such as field backlight, sunlight, humidity, dryness and the like. The metabolites of organisms contain a large amount of organic and inorganic acids. The mineral acid has mainly H₂SO₄And HCl, and the like, and the organic acids mainly include citric acid, oxalic acid, gluconic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, pyruvic acid, and the like. The specific simulation process is shown in fig. 10.

The temperature control module 1, the precipitation simulation module 2, the wind power control module 3, the precipitation simulation module 2 and the biological weathering module are all arranged on the experimental box 4, and the initial structure of the experimental device for simulating the weathering of the parent rock is shown in fig. 4.

Furthermore, in order to simulate the stress in the parent rock weathering process, the inner side walls at two ends of the experimental box 4 are respectively provided with a moving wall for simulating the stress change in the parent rock weathering experiment process.

As shown in fig. 5, the moving wall includes: metal plate 7, power transmission column 6 and hydraulic power device.

The force transmission column 6 is arranged on the metal plate 7. The force transmission column 6 is connected with a hydraulic power device. The hydraulic power device is connected with the upper computer.

The upper computer controls the hydraulic power device to push the force transmission column 6. The force transmission column 6 pushes the metal plate 7 to simulate the stress change in the experimental process of the weathering of the parent rock. Wherein, the force transmission column 6 is a metal column.

The metal post mainly plays the effect of transmission pressure, is applyed pressure by the external world and is given the metal post, converts hydraulic power into the pressure of horizontal direction to keep four all atress of direction. By using a plurality of metal columns, the construction force with different strengths in one direction can be simulated. The plurality of metal plates 7 transmit different forces to the mother rock experiment sample 5, so that the mother rock experiment sample 5 is stressed to deform. After the moving wall compression simulation completes the configuration simulation, the moving wall is stretched again so that the moving wall abuts against the walls on both sides of the experimental box 4. The rock after the simulation is completed stays in place. The parent rock experimental sample 5 used in this embodiment was obtained by field coring or laboratory configuration simulation. For example, materials commonly used in experiments are dry quartz sand, micro glass beads, silica gel, vaseline, clay, and the like. The quartz sand may be selected from different colors to represent different formations, but is not limited thereto.

In summary, the overall structure of the experimental device for simulating the weathering of the parent rock is shown in fig. 6. In the specific application process, the temperature control module 1, the precipitation simulation module 2, the wind power control module 3 and the biological weathering module can be spliced with each other, and the specific splicing mode is shown in fig. 7. Therefore, when the rainfall control and temperature control module 1 is needed, splicing switching can be carried out, and mutual interference between the rainfall control and temperature control module 1 and the splicing switching is eliminated. The splicing of the moving wall to the experimental box 4 is shown in fig. 8.

Based on the experimental principle of the denudation research of various types of parent rocks under different geological backgrounds, as shown in fig. 9, the experimental device is used for simulating a key laboratory by relying on the upgraded deposition principle, and simulating and researching the weathering denudation condition and mechanism of the parent rocks under different geological backgrounds. The experimental device fully considers the influences of factors such as temperature, wind power, precipitation, biology, structure and the like of the mother rock area, so that the denudation simulation result is more precise and has more guiding significance.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.