阅读说明：本技术 一种电子垃圾无害化处理装置和方法 (Electronic garbage harmless treatment device and method ) 是由 刘飞香 廖金军 伍容 易达云 苏亮 范远哲 张凯文 于 2021-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电子垃圾无害化处理装置和方法,电子垃圾无害化处理装置包括拆解破碎机、热解炉、电加热器、焚烧炉、换热器、发电组件和尾气处理组件；拆解破碎机用于拆解电子垃圾,且拆解破碎机的出口与热解炉的入口连通,热解炉的内腔处于无氧环境中；电加热器用于热解炉内拆解垃圾的热解；焚烧炉用于焚烧热解炉热解后的热解碳固体混合物；换热器的第一入口与焚烧炉的气体出口连通,换热器的第一出口与发电组件的气体入口连通,用于发电,且发电组件给电加热器供电,节省了能量。发电组件的气体出口与尾气处理组件连通,换热器的第二出口与焚烧炉的气体入口连通,烟气经过尾气处理组件处理后再排放至大气内,避免了对环境的污染。(The invention discloses an electronic garbage harmless treatment device and a method, wherein the electronic garbage harmless treatment device comprises a disassembly crusher, a pyrolysis furnace, an electric heater, an incinerator, a heat exchanger, a power generation assembly and a tail gas treatment assembly; the disassembling crusher is used for disassembling electronic garbage, an outlet of the disassembling crusher is communicated with an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and an inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace is in an anaerobic environment; the electric heater is used for pyrolyzing the disassembled garbage in the pyrolysis furnace; the incinerator is used for incinerating the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture after pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace; the first inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas outlet of the incinerator, the first outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet of the power generation assembly for power generation, and the power generation assembly supplies power to the electric heater, so that energy is saved. The gas outlet and the tail gas processing subassembly intercommunication of electricity generation subassembly, the second export of heat exchanger and the gas inlet intercommunication of burning furnace, the flue gas discharges to the atmosphere in again after tail gas processing subassembly handles, has avoided the pollution to the environment.)

1. An electronic garbage harmless treatment device is characterized by comprising a disassembly crusher, a pyrolysis furnace, an electric heater, an incinerator, a heat exchanger, a power generation assembly and a tail gas treatment assembly;

the disassembling crusher is used for disassembling electronic garbage, an outlet of the disassembling crusher is communicated with an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and an inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace is in an oxygen-free environment;

the electric heater is arranged in the pyrolysis furnace and is used for pyrolyzing the disassembled garbage in the pyrolysis furnace;

the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the solid inlet of the incinerator, and the incinerator is used for incinerating the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture pyrolyzed by the pyrolysis furnace;

the first inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas outlet of the incinerator, the first outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet of the power generation assembly and used for generating power, the power generation assembly supplies power to the electric heater, the gas outlet of the power generation assembly is communicated with the tail gas treatment assembly, and the second outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet of the incinerator.

2. The electronic waste innocent treatment device of claim 1, further comprising a cooling separator;

a gas inlet of the cooling separator is communicated with a gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and the cooling separator is used for carrying out oil-gas separation on pyrolysis oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace;

and a pyrolysis oil outlet of the cooling separator is communicated with an inlet of the oil tank, and a pyrolysis gas outlet of the cooling separator is communicated with an inlet of the pyrolysis gas storage tank.

3. The electronic garbage innocent treatment device of claim 2, wherein the outlet of the oil tank is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator through a first valve;

and the outlet of the pyrolysis gas storage tank is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator through a second valve.

4. The electronic waste innocent treatment device of claim 3, further comprising a third valve and a fourth valve;

the inlet of the third valve is communicated with the outlet of the first valve and the outlet of the second valve, and the outlet of the third valve is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator;

and an inlet of the fourth valve is communicated with a second outlet of the heat exchanger, and outlets of the fourth valve are communicated with an outlet of the first valve, an outlet of the second valve and an inlet of the third valve.

5. The electronic waste innocent treatment device of claim 4, wherein the power generation assembly comprises a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine set and a generator;

the inlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the first outlet of the heat exchanger, high-temperature steam of the waste heat boiler can drive the steam turbine set to rotate, the steam turbine set is in transmission connection with the generator and used for driving the generator to generate electricity, and the output end of the generator is electrically connected with the electric heater;

and the outlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the inlet of the tail gas treatment device.

6. The electronic waste innocent treatment device of claim 5, further comprising a first fan and a second fan;

an inlet of the first fan is communicated with a first outlet of the heat exchanger, and an outlet of the first fan is communicated with an inlet of the waste heat boiler;

and the outlet of the second fan is communicated with the second inlet of the heat exchanger.

7. The electronic waste innocent treatment device of claim 6, wherein the tail gas treatment component comprises a tail gas treatment device, a chimney and a third fan;

the inlet of the tail gas treatment device is communicated with the outlet of the waste heat boiler, the inlet of the third fan is communicated with the outlet of the tail gas treatment device, and the outlet of the third fan is communicated with the inlet of the chimney.

8. The electronic waste innocent treatment device of claim 7, further comprising a controller and a power supply;

the power supply supplies power to the electric heater, and the controller is respectively in signal connection with the power supply, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the first fan, the second fan, the third fan and the generator.

9. The electronic waste innocent treatment device of any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a nitrogen storage tank;

the nitrogen storage tank is communicated with a gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and is used for inputting nitrogen;

and a slag outlet is formed in the bottom end of the incinerator and is communicated with the slag box.

10. A harmless treatment method for electronic garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step S1: conveying the electronic garbage to a disassembling crusher for disassembling;

step S2: introducing oxygen-free gas into the pyrolysis furnace for a preset time so that the pyrolysis furnace is in an oxygen-free environment;

step S3: starting an electric heater to heat the pyrolysis furnace, inputting disassembled garbage formed after the disassembly crusher is disassembled into the pyrolysis furnace, and keeping the pyrolysis furnace to a preset temperature range to pyrolyze the disassembled garbage;

step S4: collecting a pyrolytic carbon solid mixture generated by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace, conveying the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture to the incinerator for incineration, meanwhile, inputting a pyrolytic oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace into a cooling separator for oil-gas separation, storing obtained pyrolytic oil into an oil tank, and storing obtained pyrolytic gas into a pyrolytic gas storage tank;

step S5: inputting high-temperature flue gas discharged by the incinerator into a heat exchanger for heat exchange, conveying the heated air into the incinerator, supplying the gas subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger to a waste heat boiler to generate steam, driving a power generation assembly to generate power, and supplying the power to the electric heater;

step S6: and conveying the flue gas cooled by the waste heat boiler to a tail gas treatment assembly for decontamination, and discharging the flue gas to the atmosphere.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic waste treatment, in particular to a device and a method for harmless treatment of electronic waste.

Background

With the rapid update of various electronic products, a large amount of electronic wastes are generated while convenience is brought to the lives of people, and 5360 million tons of electronic wastes are generated globally in 2019 according to a report of '2020 Global electronic waste monitoring' issued by the United nations. It is expected that by 2030, the global electronic garbage will reach 7400 ten thousand tons. If the electronic garbage is not properly treated, serious environmental problems can be caused, meanwhile, the electronic garbage is also an urban mine and is rich in rare and precious metals such as lithium, titanium, gold, indium, silver, antimony, cobalt, palladium and the like, if the electronic garbage can be recycled, reasonable and effective utilization is realized, not only can the environmental pollution be reduced, but also resources can be saved, huge economic benefits are brought, and the research on harmless, reduction and resource treatment technologies of the electronic garbage becomes a common problem all over the world.

At present, the electronic waste treatment method mainly includes a mechanical physical method, a metallurgical extraction method, a biological treatment method, an incineration method, a pyrolysis method and the like, wherein the pyrolysis method not only can recover metal components in the electronic waste, but also can decompose high molecular organic materials such as resin, plastics and the like in the electronic waste into pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas and the like for resource recycling, and meanwhile, the oxygen-free pyrolysis can effectively inhibit the generation of pollutants such as dioxin, the emission cleanliness is high, the electronic waste is beneficial to realizing the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of the electronic waste, and the method is widely concerned by the society in recent years. However, the traditional pyrolysis method generally needs a large amount of fuel oil to provide a heat source, has large fuel oil consumption and high operation cost, further brings pollutants such as sulfide, and the like, has the problems of immature process, insufficient waste heat recovery, unstable system and the like, is difficult to realize industrial and large-scale production, and limits the popularization and application of the pyrolysis method.

Therefore, how to reduce the pollution generated by the electronic waste treatment and realize the waste heat recycling is a technical problem to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide an electronic waste innocent treatment apparatus, which can reduce pollution caused by electronic waste treatment and realize waste heat recycling.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a harmless treatment method for electronic garbage.

In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

an electronic garbage innocent treatment device comprises a disassembly crusher, a pyrolysis furnace, an electric heater, an incinerator, a heat exchanger, a power generation assembly and a tail gas treatment assembly;

the disassembling crusher is used for disassembling electronic garbage, an outlet of the disassembling crusher is communicated with an inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and an inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace is in an oxygen-free environment;

the electric heater is arranged in the pyrolysis furnace and is used for pyrolyzing the disassembled garbage in the pyrolysis furnace;

the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is communicated with the solid inlet of the incinerator, and the incinerator is used for incinerating the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture pyrolyzed by the pyrolysis furnace;

the first inlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas outlet of the incinerator, the first outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet of the power generation assembly and used for generating power, the power generation assembly supplies power to the electric heater, the gas outlet of the power generation assembly is communicated with the tail gas treatment assembly, and the second outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the gas inlet of the incinerator.

In a specific embodiment, the electronic waste innocent treatment device further comprises a cooling separator;

a gas inlet of the cooling separator is communicated with a gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and the cooling separator is used for carrying out oil-gas separation on pyrolysis oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace;

and a pyrolysis oil outlet of the cooling separator is communicated with an inlet of the oil tank, and a pyrolysis gas outlet of the cooling separator is communicated with an inlet of the pyrolysis gas storage tank.

In another specific embodiment, the outlet of the oil tank is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator through a first valve;

and the outlet of the pyrolysis gas storage tank is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator through a second valve.

In another specific embodiment, the electronic waste innocent treatment device further comprises a third valve and a fourth valve;

the inlet of the third valve is communicated with the outlet of the first valve and the outlet of the second valve, and the outlet of the third valve is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator;

and an inlet of the fourth valve is communicated with a second outlet of the heat exchanger, and outlets of the fourth valve are communicated with an outlet of the first valve, an outlet of the second valve and an inlet of the third valve.

In another specific embodiment, the power generation assembly comprises a waste heat boiler, a steam turbine set, and a generator;

the inlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the first outlet of the heat exchanger, high-temperature steam of the waste heat boiler can drive the steam turbine set to rotate, the steam turbine set is in transmission connection with the generator and used for driving the generator to generate electricity, and the output end of the generator is electrically connected with the electric heater;

and the outlet of the waste heat boiler is communicated with the inlet of the tail gas treatment device.

In another specific embodiment, the electronic waste innocent treatment device further comprises a first fan and a second fan;

an inlet of the first fan is communicated with a first outlet of the heat exchanger, and an outlet of the first fan is communicated with an inlet of the waste heat boiler;

and the outlet of the second fan is communicated with the second inlet of the heat exchanger.

In another specific embodiment, the tail gas treatment assembly comprises a tail gas treatment device, a chimney and a third fan;

the inlet of the tail gas treatment device is communicated with the outlet of the waste heat boiler, the inlet of the third fan is communicated with the outlet of the tail gas treatment device, and the outlet of the third fan is communicated with the inlet of the chimney.

In another specific embodiment, the electronic waste innocent treatment device further comprises a controller and a power supply;

the power supply supplies power to the electric heater, and the controller is respectively in signal connection with the power supply, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the first fan, the second fan, the third fan and the generator.

In another specific embodiment, the electronic waste innocent treatment device further comprises a nitrogen storage tank;

the nitrogen storage tank is communicated with a gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace and is used for inputting nitrogen;

and a slag outlet is formed in the bottom end of the incinerator and is communicated with the slag box.

The various embodiments according to the invention can be combined as desired, and the embodiments obtained after these combinations are also within the scope of the invention and are part of the specific embodiments of the invention.

When the electronic garbage harmless treatment device is used, electronic garbage is input into the disassembling crusher to be disassembled, and oxygen-free gas is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace, so that the pyrolysis furnace is in an oxygen-free environment; then, starting an electric heater to heat the pyrolysis furnace, inputting the disassembled garbage into the pyrolysis furnace, and continuously heating the pyrolysis furnace by the electric heater so that the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace reaches a preset temperature range for pyrolyzing and disassembling the garbage, thereby realizing pyrolysis of the disassembled garbage; the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture that the pyrolysis produced is carried and is burned in the incinerator, and the high temperature flue gas that produces gets into the heat exchanger heat transfer after, steam is produced in the reentrant exhaust-heat boiler, orders about the electricity generation subassembly electricity generation, supplies with electric heater, utilizes to supply with electric heater once more through the collection to burning heat, has saved the energy. And the flue gas after the exhaust-heat boiler cooling is discharged to the atmosphere after being treated by the tail gas treatment assembly, so that the pollution to the environment is avoided.

In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

a harmless treatment method for electronic garbage comprises the following steps:

step S1: conveying the electronic garbage to a disassembling crusher for disassembling;

step S2: introducing oxygen-free gas into the pyrolysis furnace for a preset time so that the pyrolysis furnace is in an oxygen-free environment;

step S3: starting an electric heater to heat the pyrolysis furnace, inputting disassembled garbage formed after the disassembly crusher is disassembled into the pyrolysis furnace, and keeping the pyrolysis furnace to a preset temperature range to pyrolyze the disassembled garbage;

step S4: collecting a pyrolytic carbon solid mixture generated by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace, conveying the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture to the incinerator for incineration, meanwhile, inputting a pyrolytic oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace into a cooling separator for oil-gas separation, storing obtained pyrolytic oil into an oil tank, and storing obtained pyrolytic gas into a pyrolytic gas storage tank;

step S5: inputting high-temperature flue gas discharged by the incinerator into a heat exchanger for heat exchange, conveying the heated air into the incinerator, supplying the gas subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger to a waste heat boiler to generate steam, driving a power generation assembly to generate power, and supplying the power to the electric heater;

step S6: and conveying the flue gas cooled by the waste heat boiler to a tail gas treatment assembly for decontamination, and discharging the flue gas to the atmosphere.

According to the electronic waste harmless treatment method provided by the invention, the pollution generated by electronic waste treatment is reduced and waste heat recycling is realized by using the electronic waste harmless treatment device.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without novelty work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electronic waste innocent treatment device provided by the invention.

Wherein, in fig. 1:

the device comprises a disassembly crusher 1, a pyrolysis furnace 2, an electric heater 3, an incinerator 4, a heat exchanger 5, a cooling separator 6, a first valve 7, a second valve 8, a third valve 9, a fourth valve 10, a waste heat boiler 11, a steam turbine set 12, a generator 13, a first fan 14, a second fan 15, a tail gas treatment device 16, a chimney 17, a third fan 18, a controller 19, a power supply 20, a nitrogen storage tank 21, a slag box 22, an oil tank 23, a pyrolysis gas storage tank 24 and a solid slag collection box 25.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the position or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1, in one aspect, the invention provides an electronic waste innocent treatment device, which can reduce pollution generated by electronic waste treatment and realize waste heat recycling.

Wherein, the harmless treatment device of electronic waste is including dismantling breaker 1, pyrolysis oven 2, electric heater 3, burning furnace 4, heat exchanger 5, electricity generation subassembly and tail gas processing subassembly.

The dismantling crusher 1 is used for dismantling electronic waste, and it should be understood that the specific structure of the dismantling crusher 1 is not limited herein, and the structure capable of dismantling electronic waste is within the protection scope of the present invention.

An inlet is formed in the top end of the disassembling crusher 1 and used for throwing electronic garbage. The outlet of the disassembling crusher 1 is positioned at the top end of the pyrolysis furnace 2, so that garbage can be conveniently disassembled to enter the pyrolysis furnace 2. The export of disassembling breaker 1 communicates with the entry of pyrolysis oven 2, and the inner chamber of pyrolysis oven 2 is in anaerobic environment, and it needs to explain that anaerobic environment can be nitrogen gas or inert gas etc. avoids producing chemical reaction with disassembling rubbish. Take the inner chamber environment of pyrolysis oven 2 as nitrogen gas for example, the gas inlet of pyrolysis oven 2 and the export intercommunication of nitrogen gas storage jar 21 can set up the ooff valve between the export of nitrogen gas storage jar 21 and the entry of pyrolysis oven 2 to realize the break-make between nitrogen gas storage jar 21 and the pyrolysis oven 2.

The electric heater 3 is installed in the pyrolysis furnace 2 and used for heating the disassembled garbage in the pyrolysis furnace 2 so as to realize the pyrolysis of the disassembled garbage. Specifically, the electric heater 3 may surround the inner cavity of the pyrolysis furnace 2, and the specific arrangement is not limited, and the electric heater 3 is powered by the power supply 20. The mode of anaerobic pyrolysis is adopted, the generation of pollutants such as dioxin is effectively inhibited, the electric heating pyrolysis is adopted, the heating speed is high, the pyrolysis efficiency is high, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, the real-time and accurate regulation of the pyrolysis temperature according to different garbage components is facilitated, and the adaptability is wide.

The outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is communicated with the solid inlet of the incinerator 4, and the incinerator 4 is used for incinerating the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture pyrolyzed by the pyrolysis furnace 2. The outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is communicated with a solid slag collecting box 25 for collecting the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture.

The first inlet of heat exchanger 5 communicates with the gas outlet of burning furnace 4, the first outlet of heat exchanger 5 communicates with the gas inlet of electricity generation subassembly for the electricity generation, and electricity generation subassembly supplies power for electric heater 3, the gas outlet of electricity generation subassembly and tail gas treatment component intercommunication, the second outlet of heat exchanger 5 communicates with the gas inlet of burning furnace 4, the air of being convenient for again gets into burning furnace 4 after the heat transfer with the high temperature flue gas through heat exchanger participates in the burning, the air that gets into burning furnace 4 has realized thermal recovery promptly.

When the electronic waste harmless treatment device is used, electronic waste is input into the disassembling crusher 1 to be disassembled, and oxygen-free gas is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 2, so that the pyrolysis furnace 2 is in an oxygen-free environment; then, the electric heater 3 is started to heat the pyrolysis furnace 2, the disassembled garbage is input into the pyrolysis furnace 2, and the electric heater 3 continuously heats the pyrolysis furnace 2, so that the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace 2 reaches a preset temperature range for pyrolyzing and disassembling the garbage, and the pyrolysis of the disassembled garbage is realized; the pyrolytic carbon solid mixture that the pyrolysis produced is carried and is burnt in burning furnace 4, has further reduced the production of pollutant, and the high temperature flue gas that the burning produced gets into 5 heat transfer backs of heat exchanger, reentrants in exhaust-heat boiler 11 steam, orders about the electricity generation subassembly electricity generation, supplies with electric heater 3, utilizes once more to supply with electric heater 3 through the collection to burning thermal, has saved the energy. And the flue gas after the exhaust-heat boiler 11 cooling is discharged to the atmosphere after being treated by the tail gas treatment assembly, so that the pollution to the environment is avoided.

In some embodiments, the electronic waste innocent treatment device further comprises a cooling separator 6, a gas inlet of the cooling separator 6 is communicated with a gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2, and the cooling separator 6 is used for performing oil-gas separation on pyrolysis oil-gas mixture generated by pyrolysis of the pyrolysis furnace 2.

The pyrolysis oil outlet of the cooling separator 6 is arranged at the bottom end of the cooling separator 6 and communicated with the inlet of the oil tank 23, the pyrolysis oil is settled in the oil tank 23, and the amount of the pyrolysis oil entering the incinerator 4 is adjusted according to the incineration state of the incinerator 4 to serve as supplementary fuel of the incinerator 4. Of course, the pyrolysis oil in the oil tank 23 may be collected and used.

The pyrolysis gas outlet of the cooling separator 6 is communicated with the inlet of the pyrolysis gas storage tank 24, specifically, the pyrolysis gas outlet is arranged at the top end of the cooling separator 6, and the pyrolysis gas storage tank 24 plays a role in temporary storage and buffer precipitation.

Further, the invention discloses that the outlet of the oil tank 23 is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator 4 through the first valve 7, so that the amount of pyrolysis oil entering the incinerator 4 can be conveniently adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first valve 7.

The outlet of the pyrolysis gas storage tank 24 is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator 4 through the second valve 8, specifically, the second valve 8 is in a normally open state, and the second valve 8 is closed only in an emergency state.

Furthermore, the invention discloses an electronic waste harmless treatment device which further comprises a third valve 9 and a fourth valve 10.

The inlet of the third valve 9 is communicated with the outlet of the first valve 7 and the outlet of the second valve 8, and the outlet of the third valve 9 is communicated with the oil gas inlet of the incinerator 4.

The inlet of the fourth valve 10 is communicated with the second outlet of the heat exchanger 5, and the outlet of the fourth valve 10 is communicated with the outlet of the first valve 7, the outlet of the second valve 8 and the inlet of the third valve 9.

The pyrolytic carbon solid mixture, the pyrolytic gas, the pyrolytic oil and the air preheated by the heat exchanger 5 are subjected to high-temperature combustion in the incinerator 4, and the incineration temperature is kept between 1100 ℃ and 1200 ℃ by adjusting the opening degrees of the first valve 7, the second valve 8, the third valve 9 and the fourth valve 10.

Further, the invention discloses an electronic waste harmless treatment device which further comprises a first fan 14 and a second fan 15, wherein an inlet of the first fan 14 is communicated with a first outlet of the heat exchanger 5, and an outlet of the first fan 14 is communicated with an inlet of the power generation assembly. The arrangement of the first fan 14 is convenient for conveying the high-temperature flue gas subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchanger 5 to the generator 13 group.

The outlet of the second fan 15 is communicated with the second inlet of the heat exchanger 5, cold air enters the heat exchanger 5 under the action of the second fan 15 to exchange heat with the generated high-temperature flue gas, and the preheated air is firstly mixed with pyrolysis oil through a pipeline, so that the preheated air is atomized at high temperature and then sprayed into the incinerator 4, thereby reducing the temperature disturbance of the incinerator, ensuring more sufficient combustion and being beneficial to maintaining the stability of the combustion.

Furthermore, the invention discloses that the bottom end of the incinerator 4 is provided with a slag outlet which is communicated with a slag box 22, so that the ash slag generated after incineration is discharged from the bottom of the incinerator for further collection and centralized treatment.

In some embodiments, the power generation assembly includes a waste heat boiler 11, a steam turbine 12 and a power generator 13, an inlet of the waste heat boiler 11 is communicated with a first outlet of the heat exchanger 5 through a first fan 14, that is, an inlet of the first fan 14 is communicated with a first outlet of the heat exchanger 5, and an outlet of the first fan 14 is communicated with an inlet of the waste heat boiler 11.

The high-temperature steam of the waste heat boiler 11 can drive the steam turbine set 12 to rotate, the steam turbine set 12 is in transmission connection with the generator 13 and used for driving the generator 13 to generate electricity, the output end of the generator 13 is electrically connected with the electric heater 3 and can be used as a standby power supply 20 for pyrolysis, and the steam turbine generator is energy-saving and environment-friendly.

The outlet of the waste heat boiler 11 is communicated with the inlet of the tail gas treatment device 16.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure discloses that the exhaust treatment assembly includes an exhaust treatment device 16, a stack 17, and a third fan 18.

An inlet of the tail gas treatment device 16 is communicated with a first outlet of the waste heat boiler 11, an inlet of the third fan 18 is communicated with an outlet of the tail gas treatment device 16, and an outlet of the third fan 18 is communicated with an inlet of the chimney 17. The cooled flue gas enters a tail gas treatment device 16 for purification treatment, and is discharged from a chimney 17 through a third fan 18 after reaching the standard.

In another specific embodiment, the electronic waste harmless treatment device further comprises a controller 19, and specifically, the controller 19 is a PLC control module.

The controller 19 is respectively connected with the power source 20, the first valve 7, the second valve 8, the third valve 9, the fourth valve 10, the first fan 14, the second fan 15, the third fan 18 and the generator 13 through signals so as to control the power source 20, the first valve 7, the second valve 8, the third valve 9, the fourth valve 10, the first fan 14, the second fan 15, the third fan 18 and the generator 13.

Furthermore, the invention discloses that temperature detection devices and pressure detection devices are arranged in the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the incinerator 4, and the PLC control module can judge the pyrolysis and incineration conditions according to the detected information such as pyrolysis and incineration temperature and pressure, and automatically control and adjust the current and the opening of each valve, so as to realize the stable operation of the system.

The harmless treatment device for electronic garbage disclosed by the invention has the following advantages:

(1) anaerobic pyrolysis is adopted, so that the generation of pollutants such as dioxin is effectively inhibited;

(2) the electric heating cracking has the advantages of high heating speed, high pyrolysis efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection, contribution to real-time and accurate regulation of pyrolysis temperature according to different garbage components and wide adaptability;

(3) the PLC control module can automatically control the current and the opening of each valve according to the pyrolysis and incineration temperature, pressure and other information, so as to realize the stable operation of the system;

(4) the comprehensive energy consumption is low, the energy-saving efficiency is high, the used heat is mostly provided by the electronic garbage raw materials, the pyrolysis gas and the pyrolysis oil generated by pyrolysis are used as fuel to carry out high-temperature combustion on pyrolysis solid slag, the waste heat after combustion is recycled for multiple times, one part of waste heat enters the incinerator 4 again through heating cold air, the other part of waste heat enters the waste heat boiler 11 to generate superheated steam to drive the turbine unit 12 to generate electricity, and the generated electricity can be used as a standby or supplementary power supply 20 for pyrolysis.

The second aspect of the invention provides an electronic waste harmless treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

step S1: and conveying the electronic garbage into a disassembling crusher 1 for disassembling.

Step S2: and introducing oxygen-free gas into the pyrolysis furnace 2 for a preset time so that the pyrolysis furnace 2 is in an oxygen-free environment.

Specifically, nitrogen is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 2 for 10min-20min until the interior of the pyrolysis furnace 2 is in an anaerobic state.

Step S3: the electric heater 3 is started to heat the pyrolysis furnace 2, the disassembled garbage formed after the crusher 1 is disassembled is input and disassembled into the pyrolysis furnace 2, and the pyrolysis furnace 2 is kept to be within a preset temperature range to disassemble the garbage through pyrolysis.

Specifically, the preset temperature interval is 600-800 ℃.

Step S4: collect the pyrolysis carbon solid mixture that pyrolysis furnace 2 pyrolysis produced to carry to burning furnace 4 and burn, simultaneously, carry out oil-gas separation in the pyrolysis oil-gas mixture input cooling separator 6 that pyrolysis furnace 2 pyrolysis produced, store the pyrolysis oil that will obtain to the oil tank 23 in, store the pyrolysis gas that will obtain to pyrolysis gas storage jar 24 in.

Specifically, the pyrolysis gas can be directly introduced into the incinerator 4, and the combustion heat supply is carried out, wherein the ventilation quantity is jointly controlled by the second valve 8 and the third valve 9.

The pyrolysis oil can be used as a supplementary fuel of the incinerator 4, and can also be collected and then concentrated or further refined and utilized, when the temperature in the incinerator 4 is lower than 1100 ℃, the first valve 7 is opened, the pyrolysis oil and the preheated high-pressure air are fully mixed and then enter the incinerator 4, and the high temperature in the incinerator is kept.

The ash and slag generated after the high-temperature combustion in the incinerator 4 enter a bottom slag box 22 for collection, and the ash and slag can be transported and then subjected to centralized treatment, such as further separation and recovery of precious metals.

Step S5: high-temperature flue gas discharged from the incinerator 4 is input into the heat exchanger 5 for heat exchange, heated air is conveyed into the incinerator 4, gas subjected to heat exchange by the heat exchanger 5 is supplied to the waste heat boiler 11 to generate steam, and the power generation assembly is driven to generate power and is supplied to the electric heater 3.

Step S6: and conveying the cooled flue gas of the waste heat boiler 11 to a tail gas treatment assembly for decontamination, and discharging the flue gas to the atmosphere.

According to the electronic waste harmless treatment method provided by the invention, the pollution generated by electronic waste treatment is reduced and waste heat recycling is realized by using the electronic waste harmless treatment device.

In the present specification, the terms indicating the orientation, such as the upper and lower, are set in the direction in which the electronic waste detoxification apparatus is used, and are not defined in any particular sense for the sake of convenience of description.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.