阅读说明：本技术 一种股骨颈动力锁定系统 (Dynamic locking system for femoral neck ) 是由 张立海 郭谦 罗阳 彭烨 张攻孜 石斌 焦增肖 耿伟 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种股骨颈动力锁定系统,涉及骨科医疗器械技术领域。该股骨颈动力锁定系统包括锁定基板、第一螺钉和第二螺钉；锁定基板上开设有螺钉通孔和摆动通孔,第一螺钉穿过螺钉通孔,第二螺钉穿过摆动通孔,且第二螺钉在摆动通孔内能够相对于锁定基板摆动。本发明的股骨颈动力锁定系统,利用定向固定的第一螺钉以及可相对于锁定基板摆动的第二螺钉,能够根据手术需要确定第二螺钉的安装角度,增大待修复的股骨在第一螺钉和第二螺钉上的总体摩擦阻力,增强股骨在术后的安装稳定性和支撑有效性。(The invention provides a dynamic locking system for a femoral neck, and relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments. The femoral neck dynamic locking system includes a locking base, a first screw and a second screw; the locking substrate is provided with a screw through hole and a swinging through hole, the first screw penetrates through the screw through hole, the second screw penetrates through the swinging through hole, and the second screw can swing relative to the locking substrate in the swinging through hole. According to the dynamic locking system for the femoral neck, the first screw fixed in a directional mode and the second screw capable of swinging relative to the locking base plate are utilized, the installation angle of the second screw can be determined according to the operation requirement, the overall friction resistance of the femur to be repaired on the first screw and the second screw is increased, and the installation stability and the supporting effectiveness of the femur after the operation are enhanced.)

1. A femoral neck dynamic locking system comprising a locking base (100), a first screw (200) and a second screw (300); the locking substrate (100) is provided with a screw through hole (110) and a swing through hole (120), the first screw (200) penetrates through the screw through hole (110), the second screw (300) penetrates through the swing through hole (120), and the second screw (300) can swing relative to the locking substrate (100) in the swing through hole (120).

2. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 1, wherein the locking base (100) comprises a first side (101) and a second side (102), the first screw (200) and the second screw (300) each penetrating from the first side (101) to the second side (102); the aperture of the swing through hole (120) on the second side surface (102) is larger than the aperture of the swing through hole (120) on the first side surface (101).

3. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 2, wherein the first side (101) is arcuately concave at the location of the wobble through hole (120).

4. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 3, wherein the wobble through hole (120) is a slotted hole.

5. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of any of claims 1-4, wherein the second screw (300) has a range of angular motion between 10 degrees and 30 degrees relative to the locking base (100).

6. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 1, wherein the first screw (200) and/or the second screw (300) is a cannulated screw.

7. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 6, wherein a sidewall of the cannulated screw is provided with a bone cement infusion hole (400).

8. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 1, wherein the number of said first screws (200) is not less than 2, and the axes of a plurality of said first screws (200) are parallel to each other after installation of said femoral neck dynamic locking system.

9. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 8, wherein the axes of a plurality of the first screws (200) do not lie in the same plane.

10. The femoral neck dynamic locking system of claim 9, wherein the second screw (300) is located between at least two of the first screws (200).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a dynamic locking system for a femoral neck.

Background

Currently, the internal fixation treatment of femoral neck fracture mostly adopts three hollow screw fixation technologies. During operation, the needle is inserted from the femoral tuberosity to the femoral head through the femoral tuberosity part and the femoral neck part to achieve the effect of fixing the fracture end.

Although the above-mentioned cannulated screw fixation technique can fix the fractured end under pressure, the system and method have the following obvious disadvantages because three cannulated screws are usually arranged in parallel and have no other auxiliary fixation structure:

1. the hollow screw has poor installation stability.

2. The supporting effect after the hollow screw is installed is not obvious.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a dynamic locking system for the femoral neck, which helps to solve the above technical problems.

The invention is realized by the following steps:

a femoral neck dynamic locking system comprising a locking base, a first screw and a second screw; the locking substrate is provided with a screw through hole and a swinging through hole, the first screw penetrates through the screw through hole, the second screw penetrates through the swinging through hole, and the second screw can swing relative to the locking substrate in the swinging through hole.

When the dynamic locking system for the femoral neck is used, the first screw enters from the lower part of the femoral tuberosity and sequentially passes through the femoral tuberosity part and the femoral neck part to reach the femoral head part, so that traction and fixation of each part of fracture are realized. A second screw is then advanced from under the femoral trochanter, and is secured through the three locations as well. The second screw can change the swing angle with respect to the lock base plate according to the surgical needs, and the axial direction of the second screw is not parallel to the axial direction of the first screw in general. Due to the existence of two screws with non-parallel axes, the dynamic locking system for the femoral neck can increase the overall friction resistance of the femur to be repaired on the first screw and the second screw, and enhance the installation stability and the supporting effectiveness of the femur after operation.

Further, the locking base plate includes a first side and a second side, the first screw and the second screw both penetrating the locking base plate from the first side to the second side; the caliber of the swing through hole on the second side surface is larger than that of the swing through hole on the first side surface. The technical effects are as follows: the apertures of the swing through hole on the two side surfaces are different, so that the second screw can swing relative to the locking substrate after being inserted into the swing through hole.

Further, the first side surface is in an arc-shaped concave shape at the position of the swing through hole. The technical effects are as follows: the first side face is provided with the arc-shaped recess at the position of the swing through hole, so that the second screw can enter towards a required direction when contacting with the first side face, and the deflection installation function of the second screw is ensured.

Further, the swing through hole is a long hole. The technical effects are as follows: the second screw passes rectangular hole, for passing the round hole that matches with the second screw diameter, can realize the inclination installation of second screw.

Further, the swing angle range of the second screw with respect to the locking base plate is between 10 degrees and 30 degrees. The technical effects are as follows: according to the size of the conventional screw and the size of the femoral tuberosity part, the femoral neck part and the femoral head part in the human body, the swing angle of the second screw is set in the angle interval, and the requirements of most patients can be met. Preferably, the swing angle should be set at about 15 degrees.

Further, the first screw and/or the second screw are cannulated screws. The technical effects are as follows: the first screw and/or the second screw are designed into a hollow structure, and bone cement can be injected into the hollow cavity of the first screw and/or the second screw, so that the installation stability of the screws in the femur is improved.

Further, the side wall of the hollow screw is provided with a bone cement pouring hole. The technical effects are as follows: the bone cement pouring hole is formed in the side wall of the screw, after the screw is screwed to the femur, a certain hole is formed between the thread of the screw and the hole wall, the hole can be fully filled with the bone cement, and the later-stage stability of screw installation is guaranteed.

Further, the number of the first screws is not less than 2, and after the femoral neck dynamic locking system is installed, the axes of the first screws are parallel to each other. The technical effects are as follows: in the prior art, the number of the first screws is usually three, and the number of the first screws can be adjusted according to the number of the second screws due to the matching of the second screws.

Further, the axes of the first screws do not lie in the same plane. The technical effects are as follows: the axes of the first screws are not in a plane, so that the stress uniformity of all the screws in the femur is improved.

Further, the second screw is located between at least two of the first screws. The technical effects are as follows: also, since the axis of the second screw is not parallel to the axis of the first screw, and the axes of the plurality of first screws are all parallel, the second screw is disposed between two adjacent first screws, so that the connection stability and the support reliability of the femoral head can be improved.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the dynamic locking system for the femoral neck, the first screw fixed in a directional mode and the second screw capable of swinging relative to the locking base plate are utilized, the installation angle of the second screw can be determined according to the operation requirement, the overall friction resistance of the femur to be repaired on the first screw and the second screw is increased, and the installation stability and the supporting effectiveness of the femur after the operation are enhanced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the femoral neck dynamic locking system of the present invention installed in a femur;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the femoral neck dynamic locking system provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a femoral neck dynamic locking system provided in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention from a first side;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a femoral neck dynamic locking system provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention, viewed from a first side;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a femoral neck dynamic locking system provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention from a first side;

fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along line C-C in fig. 7.

Icon: 100-a locking substrate; 101-a first side; 102-a second side; 110-screw through holes; 120-a swing through hole; 200-a first screw; 300-a second screw; 400-bone cement infusion holes; 500-femoral tuberosity; 600-femoral neck; 700-femoral head.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention that are generally described and illustrated in the figures can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Some embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the femoral neck dynamic locking system of the present invention installed in a femur;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the femoral neck dynamic locking system provided by the present invention.

The first embodiment:

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the femoral neck dynamic locking system provided by the first embodiment of the present invention viewed from a first side 101; fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 3. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment provides a dynamic locking system for a femoral neck, which includes a locking base plate 100, a first screw 200 and a second screw 300.

The locking substrate 100 is provided with a screw through hole 110 and a swing through hole 120, the first screw 200 passes through the screw through hole 110, the second screw 300 passes through the swing through hole 120, and the second screw 300 can swing relative to the locking substrate 100 in the swing through hole 120.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the locking substrate 100 includes a first side surface 101 and a second side surface 102, and each of the first screw 200 and the second screw 300 penetrates from the first side surface 101 to the second side surface 102; the aperture of the swing through hole 120 at the second side surface 102 is larger than the aperture of the swing through hole 120 at the first side surface 101. At this time, the swing through-hole 120 has different calibers on both sides, so that the second screw 300 is swung with respect to the lock substrate 100 after being inserted into the swing through-hole 120.

In the above-described structure, the locking base plate 100 is adapted to be fitted to the outer side of the femoral tuberosity 500, and the first screw 200 and the second screw 300 are screwed into the femur with this as a base structure.

The working principle and the using method of the dynamic locking system for the femoral neck of the embodiment are as follows:

when the dynamic locking system for the femoral neck is used, the first screw 200 enters from the lower part of the femoral tuberosity and passes through the femoral tuberosity part 500, the femoral neck part 600 and the femoral head part 700 in sequence, so that traction and fixation of each part of fracture are realized. A second screw 300 is then advanced from under the femoral trochanter and secured through the three locations as well. The second screw 300 can be pivoted at an angle with respect to the lock base plate 100 according to the surgical needs, and the axial direction of the second screw 300 is not parallel to the axial direction of the first screw 200 in general. Due to the presence of two screws with non-parallel axes, the femoral neck dynamic locking system of the present invention can increase the overall frictional resistance of the femur to be repaired on the first and second screws 200, 300, enhancing the post-operative installation stability and support effectiveness of the femur.

Second embodiment:

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a femoral neck dynamic locking system provided in a second embodiment of the present invention viewed from a first side 101; fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 5. Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the present embodiment provides a dynamic locking system for femoral neck, which is substantially the same as the dynamic locking system for femoral neck of the first embodiment, and the difference between the dynamic locking system for femoral neck of the present embodiment is that the first side surface 101 is in an arc-shaped concave shape at the position of the swing through hole 120. In this structure, the first side surface 101 is provided with an arc-shaped recess at the position of the swing through hole 120, so that the second screw 300 can enter in a desired direction when contacting the first side surface 101, i.e., the deflection mounting function of the second screw 300 is ensured.

The third embodiment:

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a femoral neck dynamic locking system provided in a third embodiment of the present invention viewed from a first side 101; fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along line C-C in fig. 7. Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the present embodiment provides a dynamic locking system for femoral neck, which is substantially the same as the dynamic locking system for femoral neck of the second embodiment, and the difference between them is that the swing through hole 120 of the dynamic locking system for femoral neck of the present embodiment is a long hole. In this configuration, the second screw 300 is inserted through the elongated hole, enabling the angled mounting of the second screw 300 relative to the insertion through a circular hole matching the diameter of the second screw 300.

In any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the swing angle range of the second screw 300 with respect to the lock substrate 100 is between 10 degrees and 30 degrees. Setting the swing angle of the second screw 300 in the above-described angular interval according to the size of the conventional screw and the sizes of the femoral tuberosity 500, the femoral neck 600 and the femoral head 700 in the human body can satisfy the needs of most patients. Preferably, the swing angle should be set at about 15 degrees.

In any of the above embodiments, further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first screw 200 and/or the second screw 300 are hollow screws. And, the side wall of the cannulated screw is provided with a bone cement injection hole 400. At this time, the first screw 200 and/or the second screw 300 are designed as a hollow structure, and bone cement can be injected into the hollow cavity of the hollow structure, so that the installation stability of the screws in the femur is improved. In addition, bone cement pouring hole 400 is arranged on the side wall of the screw, and after the screw is screwed to the femur, a certain hole is formed between the thread and the hole wall, so that the hole can be fully filled with bone cement, and the later stability of screw installation is ensured.

In any of the above embodiments, further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the number of the first screws 200 is not less than 2, and the axes of the plurality of first screws 200 are parallel to each other after the femoral neck dynamic locking system is installed. In the conventional design, the number of the first screws 200 is three, and since the second screws 300 are fitted, the number of the first screws 200 can be adjusted according to the number of the second screws 300.

In any of the above embodiments, further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the axes of the first screws 200 do not lie in the same plane. Since the axes of the first plurality of screws 200 are not in a plane, the uniformity of the forces applied to each screw in the femur is improved.

In any of the above embodiments, further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second screw 300 is located between at least two of the first screws 200. The design structure improves the all-directional uniformity of stress of each screw in the femur. At this time, the axis of the second screw 300 is not parallel to the axis of the first screw 200, and the axes of the plurality of first screws 200 are all parallel, so that the second screw 300 is disposed between two adjacent first screws 200, which can improve the connection stability and the support reliability of the femoral head 700.

In addition, the locking base plate 100 generally includes a support plate with an upper portion that is snugly coupled to the femoral tuberosity 500 and a lower portion that is coupled to the femoral stem. Wherein, the screw through hole 110 and the swing through hole 120 are both provided on the pallet.

Meanwhile, the supporting plate is also provided with a guide hole, and the supporting plate is also provided with other mounting holes for assisting.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.