阅读说明：本技术 变速系统及其换挡执行装置 (Speed change system and gear shifting execution device thereof ) 是由 赵勐 黄启林 姚汉奇 于 2020-05-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及传动系领域。具体地,本发明涉及一种换挡执行装置(30),其设于动力输入轴(10)与变速齿轮机构(20)之间并包括用于改变变速齿轮机构(20)中的至少第一传动部件(21)的传动状态的第一换挡执行机构(40)和用于改变变速齿轮机构(20)中的至少第二传动部件(22)的传动状态的第二换挡执行机构(50),其中,所述第一换挡执行机构(40)和所述第二换挡执行机构(50)协作地操作,以使得变速齿轮机构(20)能在至少两个传动比之间切换。本发明还涉及一种具有这种换挡执行装置的变速系统。(The present invention relates to the field of drive trains. In particular, the invention relates to a shift actuator (30) which is arranged between a power input shaft (10) and a transmission gear mechanism (20) and comprises a first shift actuator (40) for changing a transmission state of at least a first transmission member (21) in the transmission gear mechanism (20) and a second shift actuator (50) for changing a transmission state of at least a second transmission member (22) in the transmission gear mechanism (20), wherein the first shift actuator (40) and the second shift actuator (50) are operated cooperatively such that the transmission gear mechanism (20) can be switched between at least two transmission ratios. The invention also relates to a transmission system having such a gear change actuator.)

1. A shift actuator (30) is provided between a power input shaft (10) and a transmission gear mechanism (20) and includes a first shift actuator (40) for changing a transmission state of at least a first transmission member (21) in the transmission gear mechanism (20) and a second shift actuator (50) for changing a transmission state of at least a second transmission member (22) in the transmission gear mechanism (20), wherein the first shift actuator (40) and the second shift actuator (50) are cooperatively operated to enable the transmission gear mechanism (20) to be switched between at least two transmission ratios.

2. Shift actuating device (30) according to claim 1,

the first shift actuator (40) comprising a first clutch device (41) between the power input shaft (10) and the first transmission member (21) and a third clutch device (43) between the first transmission member (21) and a stationary member (60), the first shift actuator (40) being configured to operate the first clutch device (41) and the third clutch device (43) in opposite states and to bring the first transmission member (21) into its first transmission state when the first clutch device (41) is in an off-state and the third clutch device (43) is in an on-state and to bring the first transmission member (21) into its second transmission state when the first clutch device (41) is in an on-state and the third clutch device (43) is in an off-state; and/or

The second shift actuator (50) comprises a second clutch means (41 ') between the power input shaft (10) and the second transmission member (22) and a fourth clutch means (54) between the second transmission member (22) and the first transmission member (21), the second shift actuator (50) being configured to operate the second clutch means (41') and the fourth clutch means (54) in opposite states and to bring the second transmission member (22) into its second transmission state when the second clutch means (41 ') is in an open state and the fourth clutch means (54) is in an engaged state and to bring the second transmission member (22) into its first transmission state when the second clutch means (41') is in an engaged state and the fourth clutch means (54) is in a open state.

3. Gear shift execution device (30) according to claim 2,

the first transmission member (21) is non-rotatable in its first transmission state and can perform a rotational movement in its second transmission state and acts as an input of the change gear mechanism (20); and/or

The second transmission member (22) acts as an input of the transmission gear mechanism (20) in its first transmission state and is in non-rotatable engagement with the first transmission member (21) in its second transmission state.

4. Gear shift execution device (30) according to claim 3,

the first shift actuator (40) and the second shift actuator (50) are cooperatively operable to shift the second transmission member (22) to its first transmission state when the first transmission member (21) is shifted to its first transmission state, and to shift the second transmission member (22) to its second transmission state when the first transmission member (21) is shifted to its second transmission state.

5. Gear shift execution device (30) according to any of the preceding claims,

the first clutch device (41) and the third clutch device (43) each comprise at least one friction element (411, 431) and at least one further friction element (412, 432) which is axially movable relative to the friction elements, wherein the further friction element (412) of the first clutch device (41) is rigidly connected to the further friction element (432) of the third clutch device (43), the friction element (411) of the first clutch device (41) being arranged on one axial side of the further friction element (412) of the first clutch device (41), and the friction element (431) of the third clutch device (43) being arranged on the opposite axial side of the further friction element (432) of the third clutch device (43); and/or

The second clutch device (41 ') and the fourth clutch device (54) each comprise at least one friction element (411 ', 541) and at least one further friction element (412 ', 542) which is axially movable relative to the friction element, wherein the further friction element (412 ') of the first clutch device (41 ') is rigidly connected to the further friction element (542) of the fourth clutch device (54), the friction element (541) of the fourth clutch device (54) is arranged on one axial side of the further friction element (542) of the fourth clutch device (54), and the friction element (411 ') of the second clutch device (41 ') is arranged on the opposite axial side of the further friction element (412 ') of the second clutch device (41 ').

6. Gear shift execution device (30) according to any of the preceding claims,

the shift actuating device (30) comprises a first electromagnetic actuating portion (45) for actuating a first shift actuating mechanism (40), the first electromagnetic actuating portion having a first magnet (451) and a second magnet (452) arranged relative to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet (451) and the second magnet (452) of the first electromagnetic actuating portion being switchable to enable the first transmission member (21) to be switched between its first and second transmission states; and/or

The shift actuating device (30) comprises a second electromagnetic actuating portion (45 ') for actuating a second shift actuating mechanism (50), the second electromagnetic actuating portion having a first magnet (451') and a second magnet (452 ') arranged relative to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet (451') and the second magnet (452 ') of the second electromagnetic actuating portion (45') being switchable to enable the second transmission member (22) to be switched between its first and second transmission states.

7. Gear shift execution device (30) according to claim 6,

the first electromagnetic actuating portion (45) and the second electromagnetic actuating portion (45') have a common second magnet, wherein the common second magnet is axially located between the friction element (411) of the first clutch device (41) and the friction element (411 ') of the second clutch device (41 ') and is fixedly connected with the two friction elements (411, 411 '), the first magnet (451) of the first electromagnetic actuating part (45) is fixed to a further friction element (412) of the first clutch device (41) which is axially movable relative to the friction element (411) axially laterally of one magnetic pole of the common second magnet, and the first magnet (451 ') of the second electromagnetic actuating portion (45 ') is fixed to a further friction member (412 ') of the second clutch device (41 ') axially movable with respect to the friction member (411 ') on the opposite axial side of the other pole of the common second magnet.

8. Gear shift execution device (30) according to claim 6 or 7,

the first magnet (451) and/or the second magnet (452) of the first electromagnetic actuation part (45) have a first coil (453), and the first magnet (451 ') and/or the second magnet (452 ') of the second electromagnetic actuation part (45 ') have a second coil (453 '), the first coil (453) and the second coil (453 ') being connected in series to control the direction of the current of the first coil (453) and the second coil (453 ') by means of a switching circuit (71), in particular a full bridge circuit, the second coil (453 ') having in particular more turns than the first coil (453).

9. Gear shift execution device (30) according to any of the preceding claims,

the first and/or second clutch device is/are configured to be brought into the engaged state by receiving one of its oppositely disposed friction element and the further friction element at least partially in the other, in particular one of the friction element and the further friction element of the first and/or second clutch device is configured in the form of a sleeve, in particular a conical sleeve, while the other is configured as a slide body which can be engaged within said sleeve by means of friction; and/or

The first gear shifting actuating mechanism (40) is also provided with a first return spring (46) which is used for driving the first clutch device and the third clutch device to return to an off state; and/or the second shift actuator (50) further has a second return spring (46') for urging the second and fourth clutch devices back to the disengaged state; and/or

The first gear part (21) is designed as a ring gear (21) of the planetary gear and the second gear part (22) is designed as a sun gear (22) of the planetary gear.

10. A gear shift system (100) comprising a power input shaft (10), a gear change mechanism (20) and a gear shift actuation device (30) according to any of the preceding claims between the power input shaft (10) and the gear change mechanism (20).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gear shift execution device. The invention also relates to a transmission system having such a gear change actuator.

Background

At present, electric vehicles are rapidly developing. The single-speed gearbox is the most commonly used electric vehicle on the market at present, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost. However, the single speed gearbox does not guarantee that the motor operates in a high efficiency range. Therefore, a two-speed transmission is required for improved dynamic performance and fuel economy.

Generally, a shift actuator is one of the most important components in a multi-speed transmission, including a two-speed transmission, and functions to change the direction and ratio of power transmission. There are two main types of prior art shift actuators. One type is based on the coordinated action of a shift motor and a synchronizer, and such a shift actuator uses an ECU to control the operation direction of the shift motor to change the position of a shift shaft. Synchronizers may be used to reduce shock and noise during shifting. The other type is based on a shift motor, hydraulic assist and friction plates (or lock-up devices). The shift motor, controlled by the ECU, outputs power to cause a change in hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic assist device, while a higher hydraulic pressure compresses the friction plates (or the lock device), so that power shifting can be achieved. This type of shift actuator can reduce the shock and noise of shifting.

These known shift actuators have the following technical drawbacks: on the one hand, these shift actuators often result in an interruption of the actuating force, which can affect driving comfort; on the other hand, these shift actuators are complex and bulky. Furthermore, the use of hydraulic assistance devices for shifting actuators with hydraulic assistance is limited due to the high costs associated with these devices.

Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a shift actuator that is simple in structure, small in size, and economical.

Disclosure of Invention

This object is achieved by a shift actuator according to the invention, which is arranged between a power input shaft and a transmission gear and comprises a first shift actuator for changing the transmission state of at least a first transmission element in the transmission gear and a second shift actuator for changing the transmission state of at least a second transmission element in the transmission gear, wherein the first shift actuator and the second shift actuator operate in cooperation such that the transmission gear can be shifted between at least two transmission ratios.

It is to be noted here that in the present context the term "transmission state" is understood to mean the kinematic state of the transmission component itself and its kinematic relationship with other components.

According to an alternative embodiment, the first shift actuator comprises a first clutch device between the power input shaft and the first transmission member and a third clutch device between the first transmission member and a stationary member, the first shift actuator being configured to operate the first and third clutch devices in opposite states and being configured to place the first transmission member in its first transmission state when the first clutch device is in the disengaged state and the third clutch device is in the engaged state and to place the first transmission member in its second transmission state when the first clutch device is in the engaged state and the third clutch device is in the disengaged state.

According to an alternative embodiment, the second shift actuator comprises a second clutch device between the power input shaft and the second transmission member) and a fourth clutch device between the second transmission member and the first transmission member, the second shift actuator being configured to operate the second clutch device and the fourth clutch device in opposite states and being configured to place the second transmission member in its second transmission state when the second clutch device is in the disengaged state and the fourth clutch device is in the engaged state and to place the second transmission member in its first transmission state when the second clutch device is in the engaged state and the fourth clutch device is in the disengaged state.

According to an alternative embodiment, the first transmission member is non-rotatable in its first transmission state and can perform a rotational movement in its second transmission state and acts as an input of the change gear mechanism.

According to an alternative embodiment, the second transmission member in its first transmission state acts as an input of the change gear mechanism and in its second transmission state is in non-rotatable engagement with the first transmission member.

According to an alternative embodiment, the first and second shift actuators are cooperatively operable to switch the second transmission member to its first transmission state when the first transmission member is switched to its first transmission state and to switch the second transmission member to its second transmission state when the first transmission member is switched to its second transmission state.

According to an alternative embodiment, the first clutch device and the third clutch device each comprise at least one friction element and at least one further friction element which is axially movable relative to said friction element, wherein the further friction element of the first clutch device is rigidly connected to the further friction element of the third clutch device, the friction element of the first clutch device being arranged on one axial side of the further friction element of the first clutch device, and the friction element of the third clutch device being arranged on the opposite axial side of the further friction element of the third clutch device.

According to an alternative embodiment, the shift actuating device comprises a first electromagnetic actuating portion for actuating a first shift actuating mechanism, the first electromagnetic actuating portion having a first magnet and a second magnet arranged relative to each other, the magnetic field of at least one of the first magnet and the second magnet of the first electromagnetic actuating portion being switchable to enable the first transmission member to be switched between its first transmission state and its second transmission state.

According to an alternative embodiment, the first and second electromagnetic actuating portions have a common second magnet, wherein the common second magnet is located axially between and fixedly connected to the friction element of the first clutch device and the friction element of the second clutch device, the first magnet of the first electromagnetic actuating portion is fixed axially to one pole of the common second magnet to a further friction element of the first clutch device, which is axially movable relative to the friction element, and the first magnet of the second electromagnetic actuating portion is fixed axially to the other pole of the common second magnet, which is axially movable relative to the friction element, on the opposite axial side of the other pole of the common second magnet.

According to an alternative embodiment, the first gear part is designed as a ring gear of the planetary gear and the second gear part is designed as a sun gear of the planetary gear.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a transmission system comprising a power input shaft, a change gear mechanism and a shift execution device according to any one of the preceding claims between the power input shaft and the change gear mechanism.

According to the invention, the following technical effects are achieved:

-the synchronizer is omitted;

the gear change motor is omitted;

the hydraulic auxiliary device is omitted;

more compact and less bulky construction; and is

The gear shift is simple and reliable.

Other advantages and advantageous embodiments of the inventive subject matter are apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims.

Drawings

Further features and advantages of the present invention will be further elucidated by the following detailed description of an embodiment thereof, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are as follows:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a transmission system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a transmission diagram of a transmission system in a first speed state according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows a transmission diagram of the transmission system in a second speed state according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

fig. 4 shows a circuit diagram of a switching circuit for a variable speed system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transmission system 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The transmission system 100 includes a power input shaft 10, a transmission gear mechanism 20, and a shift actuator 30 located between the power input shaft 10 and the transmission gear mechanism 20 and kinematically coupled with the power input shaft 10 and the transmission gear mechanism 20. The shift actuator 30 is configured to change the gear ratio and/or direction of the transmission gear mechanism 20 to allow the transmission system 100 to have multiple speed states.

The shift actuator 30 includes a shift actuator for changing a transmission state of at least one transmission member in the transmission gear mechanism 20. The shift actuator is configured to be operable according to a driver's intention to be able to switch between at least two postures. When the shift actuator is in a first of the at least two positions, the transmission gear mechanism 20 can be caused to assume a first gear ratio, as shown for example in fig. 2; when the shift actuator is in a second attitude, different from the first attitude, of the at least two attitudes, the speed change gear mechanism 20 can be caused to assume a second gear ratio, different from the first gear ratio, as shown in fig. 3, for example.

Further, the shift actuator includes a first shift actuator 40 for changing the transmission state of the first transmission member 21 in the transmission gear mechanism 20. The first shift actuator 40 is configured to switch the first transmission member 21 between a first non-rotatable transmission state and a second transmission state that serves as an input member of the speed change gear mechanism 20.

The first shift actuator 40 includes a first clutch device 41 between the power input shaft 10 and the first transmission member 21 and a third clutch device 43 between the first transmission member 21 and the stationary member 60. The first shift actuator 40 is configured to operate the first clutch device 41 and the third clutch device 43 in opposite states. That is, the first shift actuator 40 is configured to: when the third clutch device 43 is in the engaged state and the first clutch device 41 is necessarily in the disengaged state, the first transmission part 21 is in the first non-rotatable transmission state; conversely, when the first clutch device 41 is in the engaged state, the third clutch device 43 is necessarily in the disengaged state, and at this time, the first transmission member 21 is in the second transmission state serving as the input member of the transmission gear mechanism 20, because the first transmission member 21 is in transmission connection with the power input shaft 10 by means of the first clutch device 41.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the first clutch device 41 and the third clutch device 43 are operated cooperatively in an opposite state by rigidly connecting the axially movable friction member 412 of the first clutch device 41 with the axially movable friction member 432 of the third clutch device 43. In this case, the axially immovable further friction member 411 of the first clutch device 41 is located on one axial side of the friction member 412, while the axially immovable further friction member 431 of the third clutch device 43 is located on the opposite axial side of the friction member 432.

Further, the first clutch device 41 includes a first driving portion 411 kinematically coupled to the power input shaft 10, and a first driven portion 412, which is provided to the first driving portion 411 and is axially movable with respect to the first driving portion 411. The first driven part 412 is rigidly connected to the first transmission member 21. The on-off state of the first and third clutch devices 41 and 43 is controlled by the axial movement of the first driven part 412. Specifically, when the first driven part 412 moves in the first axial direction D1 to the first stop position P1 (shown in phantom in fig. 1), the first driven part 412 disengages from the first driving part 411 such that the first clutch device 41 is disengaged, while the friction member 432 frictionally engages with the other friction member 431 such that the third clutch device 43 is engaged, such that the first transmission member 21 rigidly connected to the first driven part 412 engages with the stationary member 60 in a non-rotatable, i.e., rotationally locked, manner, whereby rotation of the first transmission member 21 is inhibited by the stationary member 60. In this way, the first transmission member 21 is brought into the non-rotatable first transmission state. Further, when the first driven portion 412 moves to the second stop position (not shown in the drawings) in the second axial direction D2 opposite to the first axial direction D1, the first driven portion 412 is engaged with the first driving portion 411 in a relatively non-rotatable manner so that the first clutch device 41 comes to an engaged state, while the friction member 432 is disengaged from the other friction member 431 so that the third clutch device 43 is disengaged, so that the first transmission member 21 is disengaged from the stationary member 60, whereby the stationary member 60 releases the rotation inhibition of the first transmission member 21, at which time the first transmission member 21 serves as an input member of the transmission gear mechanism 20 due to the transmission connection with the power input shaft 10 via the first clutch device 41.

It should be noted here that in the context of the present invention, the term "rotationally locked" is to be understood as meaning that the two parts are rotationally locked to each other, i.e. perform a rotational movement relative to each other.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the stationary part 60 is configured as a housing of a gear box.

Further, the shift actuator also includes a second shift actuator 50 for changing the transmission state of the second transmission member 22 in the speed change gear mechanism 20. The second shift actuator 50 is configured to shift the second transmission member 22 between a second transmission state in which it is rotationally locked to the first transmission member 21 and a first transmission state in which it is rotationally unlocked from the first transmission member 21.

The second shift actuator 50 includes a second clutch device 41' between the power input shaft 10 and the second transmission member 22 and a fourth clutch device 54 between the second transmission member 22 and the first transmission member 21. The first shift actuator 50 is configured to operate the second clutch device 41' and the fourth clutch device 54 in opposite states. That is, the second shift actuator 50 is configured to: when the second clutch device 41' is in the engaged state, the fourth clutch device 54 is necessarily in the disengaged state, so that the second transmission part 22 is in the first transmission state of being rotationally unlocked from the first transmission part 21; conversely, when the second clutch device 41' is in the disengaged state, the fourth clutch device 54 is necessarily in the engaged state, in which the second transmission part 22 is in the second transmission state in which it is rotationally locked with the first transmission part 21. Furthermore, the second transmission member 22, whether in its first or second transmission state, acts as an input element of the transmission gear mechanism 20, since the second transmission member 22 is always in driving connection with the power input shaft 10 by means of the second clutch device 41', or the fourth clutch device 54 and the first clutch device 41.

Similarly to the first shift actuator 40, the second clutch device 41' and the fourth clutch device 54 are operated cooperatively in an opposite state, for example, by rigidly connecting the axially movable friction member 412 ' of the second clutch device 41' with the axially movable friction member 542 of the fourth clutch device 54. In this case, the axially immovable further friction member 411 ' of the second clutch device 41' is located on one axial side of the friction member 412 ', while the further friction member 541 of the fourth clutch device 54 is located on the opposite axial side of the friction member 542.

In an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, both of the oppositely disposed friction members 541 and 542 of the fourth clutch device 54 are movable, wherein the friction member 541 is fixed with the first driven portion 412 so as to be axially movable with the first driven portion 412, and the friction member 542 is fixed with the second driven portion 412 'so as to be axially movable with the second driven portion 412'. Further, the second driven part 412' has a larger movement stroke than the first driven part 412, so that the axial movement direction of the friction member 542 determines the on/off state of the fourth clutch device 54.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first shift actuator 40 and the second shift actuator 50 are configured to operate in a coordinated manner such that when the first clutch device 41 of the first shift actuator 40 is engaged, the second clutch device 41 'of the second shift actuator 50 is disengaged, and when the second clutch device 41' is engaged, the first clutch device 41 is disengaged.

Further, the second clutch device 41' includes a second driving portion 411 ' kinematically coupled to the power input shaft 10 and a second driven portion 412 ' which is associated with the second driving portion 411 ' and is axially movable relative to the second driving portion 411 '. The second driven part 412' is rigidly connected to the second transmission member 22. The on-off states of the second and fourth clutch devices 41 'and 54 are controlled by the axial movement of the second driven portion 412'. Specifically, when the second driven portion 412 ' moves to the third stop position (not shown in the drawings) in the first axial direction D1, the second driven portion 412 ' is engaged with the second driving portion 411 ' in a non-rotatable manner, i.e., in a rotationally locked manner, so that the second clutch device 41' is engaged, and the friction member 542 is disengaged from the other friction member 541, so that the fourth clutch device 54 is disengaged, so that the second transmission member 22 is disengaged from the first transmission member 21 in a rotationally locked manner, and at this time, only the second driven portion 412 ' serves as an input member of the speed change gear mechanism 20. Further, when the second driven portion 412 'moves in the second axial direction D2 to the fourth stop position P4 (shown in a dashed box in fig. 1), the second driven portion 412' is kinematically decoupled from the second driving portion 411 'such that the second clutch device 41' comes to a disengaged state, while the friction member 542 is engaged with the other friction member 541 such that the fourth clutch device 54 is engaged, thereby rotationally locking the first transmission member 21 with the second transmission member 22, at which time the first transmission member 21 and the second transmission member 22 integrally rotationally serve as an input member of the speed change gear mechanism 20.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the first clutch device 41 is configured such that it can be rotationally locked by receiving one of the first driving part 411 and the first driven part 412 at least partially in the other. In particular, one of the first driving part 411 and the first driven part 412 is configured in the form of a sleeve and the other is configured as a sliding body with a corresponding shape, which sliding body can be received in the sleeve in a force-fitting and/or form-fitting manner. In particular, the sleeve and the sliding body have a conical shape, in which case the sliding body can be brought into frictional engagement with its outer circumferential side face with the inner circumferential face of the sliding body when received in the sleeve. In the specific example shown in fig. 1, the first driving part 411 is configured as a tapered sleeve, while the first driven part 412 is configured as a tapered slide, and the first driving part 411 and the first driven part 412 are arranged in axial alignment such that the first driven part 412 can slide with its narrow end side into the wide end side of the first driving part 411.

The above description of the structure and arrangement of the first driving part 411 and the first driven part 412 is equally applicable to the second driving part 411 'and the second driven part 412'.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first shift actuator 40 has a first electromagnetic actuating portion 45 for urging the first driven portion 412 to move axially relative to the first driving portion 411 and thereby causing the friction member 432 rigidly connected to the first driven portion 412 to move axially relative to the further friction member 431. The first electromagnetic actuating portion 45 may include a first magnet 451 attached to the first driven portion 412, and a second magnet 452 attached to the first driving portion 411, wherein the first magnet 451 and the second magnet 452 are arranged with their poles facing each other in the axial direction. Illustratively, the first magnet 451 may be at least partially received within the first driven portion 412. Further, the first magnet 451 is configured, for example, as an electromagnet including, for example, a first coil 453 wound around an iron core, and the second magnet is configured, for example, as a permanent magnet. In this case, by supplying the first current or the second current opposite to the first current to the first coil 453, a repulsive force and an attractive force can be generated between the first magnet 451 and the second magnet 452, respectively, thereby urging the first driven part 412 to move axially away from or toward the first driving part 411.

Alternatively, the first and second magnets 451, 452, respectively, may also have other suitable configurations, such as the first and second magnets each configured as an electromagnet, or the first magnet configured as a permanent magnet and the second magnet configured as an electromagnet.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first clutch device 41 further has a first return spring 46, the first return spring 46 is configured to urge the first driven portion 412 back to a first neutral position (i.e., the position of the first driven portion in fig. 1) between the first stop position P1 and the second stop position, and both the first and third clutch devices are disengaged when the first driven portion 412 is in the first neutral position. Thus, when the first electromagnetic actuating portion 45 is made inoperative by deenergizing the electromagnet in the first electromagnetic actuating portion 45, the first driven portion 412 can be returned and held at the first neutral position by the return force of the first return spring 46.

Illustratively, one end of the first return spring 46 is fixed to the first driving portion 411, and the other end is fixed to the first driven portion 412. In the case where one of the first driving portion 411 and the first driven portion 412 is configured to have the form of a sleeve, the first return spring 46 may be at least partially received within the sleeve, for example.

The above description of the first electromagnetic actuating portion 45 and the first magnet 451, the second magnet 452, the first coil 453, and the first return spring 46 thereof also applies to the second electromagnetic actuating portion 45 'of the second clutch device 41' and the first magnet 451 ', the second magnet 452', the second coil 453 ', and the second return spring 46'.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first clutch device 41 and the second clutch device 41' have a common second magnet 452. In this case, the second magnet 452 is axially located between the first driving part 411 and the second driving part 411 ' and fixedly connected with the first driving part 411 and the second driving part 411 ', such that one magnetic pole of the second magnet 452 faces the first driving part 411 and the other magnetic pole faces the second driving part 411 '. Also, the first coil 453 and the second coil 453 'are configured to always have opposite magnetic field reversals in the energized state, so that the first and second clutching devices 41 and 41' always have opposite on-off states. To this end, in the example shown in the figures, the first coil 453 and the second coil 453' are connected in series with each other and have the same helical direction and opposite axial winding directions. Alternatively, the first clutch device 41 and the second clutch device 41' may also each have a respective second magnet.

In particular, the first active part 411 and the second active part 411' are connected to each other in a rotationally locked manner by the connecting device 80. The coupling device 80 is on the one hand rotationally fixed to the second transmission gear 12 by being at least partially received in the second transmission gear 12 kinematically coupled to the power input shaft 10, and on the other hand the second magnet 452 is rigidly connected to the coupling device 80.

Further, the transmission system 100 further comprises a control device 70 for controlling the shift actuator 30. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the control device 70 comprises a switching circuit 71, for example a full bridge circuit, for controlling the current direction of the first coil 453 and the second coil 453'. As shown in fig. 4, the full bridge circuit 71 includes four control switches S1, S2, S3, and S4. The full bridge circuit 71 is configured to have at least the following three switching states: a first switch state in which the four switches S1, S2, S3, and S4 are all open, a second switch state in which the switches S2 and S3 are closed and S1 and S4 are open, and a third switch state in which the switches S1 and S4 are closed and S2 and S3 are open.

In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the power take-off shaft 15 of the transmission system 100 is in driving connection with the differential arrangement 200, for example by means of a first bevel gear 16 and a second bevel gear 17. In the case of the transmission system 100 for a vehicle drive train, the output half shafts 13 and 14 of the differential structure 200 are connected to the hubs of the wheels.

The shift actuator, shift actuator 30 and transmission system 100 according to the present invention may be adapted to the drive train in various situations, independently of each other or in general, and not solely to the drive train of the vehicle.

A method for operating the shift execution device 30 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is explained below with reference to fig. 2-3. In this embodiment, the transmission gear mechanism 20 is configured as a planetary gear mechanism consisting of a sun gear 22, at least one planetary gear 23, a planet carrier 24 and a ring gear 21, and the first transmission member 21 and the second transmission member 22 are configured as a ring gear and a sun gear, respectively, of the planetary gear mechanism, while the planet carrier serves as an output member of the planetary gear mechanism.

In one aspect, the transmission system 100 is placed in a neutral state by bringing the full bridge circuit 71 to a first switching state in which all four switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 are open. Specifically, in this case, neither the first coil 453 nor the second coil 453 'passes a current, so that the first coil 453 and the second coil 453' do not generate an interaction force with the second magnet 452 due to a magnetic effect of the current. At this time, the first and second driven portions 412 and 412 'are respectively at the respective neutral positions by the return forces of the first and second return springs 46 and 46', respectively. Thereby, the first driving part 411 and the first driven part 412, and the second driving part 411 'and the second driven part 412' are disengaged. Then, the power input shaft 10 idles with the first and second driving parts 411 and 411' via the first and second transmission gears 11 and 12 and the connecting device 80 without transmitting the power to the planetary gear mechanism 20.

On the other hand, the speed change system 100 is brought to the first speed state by bringing the full bridge circuit 71 into the second switching state in which the switches S2 and S3 are closed and S1 and S4 are open. Specifically, in this case, the current flows through the first coil 453 and then the second coil 453'. According to ampere 'S law, the right end of the first coil 453 functions as an N pole and the left end functions as an S pole, and the right end of the second coil 453' functions as an S pole and the left end functions as an N pole. Under the action of the magnetic repulsion force between the first coil 453 and the second magnet 452, the first coil 453 with the first driven part 412 fixed thereto moves leftward against the spring force of the first return spring 46, and the first driven part 412 moves the ring gear 21 rigidly connected thereto and the friction member 432 of the third clutch device 43 leftward to the first stop position P1, so that the friction member 432 engages with the other friction member 431, and the movement of the ring gear 21 is suppressed by the stationary member 60. On the other hand, under the action of the magnetic attraction force between the second coil 453 'and the second magnet 452, the second coil 453' with the second driven part 412 'fixed thereto moves to the left against the spring force of the second return spring 46', and the second driven part 412 'brings the friction member 542 of the fourth clutch device 54 rigidly connected thereto to the left until the second driven part 412' slides into the second driving part 411 'and is rotationally locked with the second driving part 411' by means of friction (corresponding to a third stop position not shown in the drawings), so that the sun gear 22 connected with the second driven part 412 'is driven by the second driving part 411' to serve as an input member of the planetary gear mechanism. Since the ring gear 21 is stationary, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is 1/(p +1), where p is the characteristic parameter of the planet row and is the ratio of the number of teeth of the ring gear to the number of teeth of the sun gear. Thus, the transmission system 100 is in the low gear at this time because 1/(p +1) < 1.

In yet another aspect, the transmission system 100 is brought to the second speed state by placing the full bridge circuit 71 in a third switching state with the switches S2 and S3 open and S1 and S4 closed. Specifically, in this case, the current flows through the second coil 453' and then the first coil 453. According to ampere 'S law, the right end of the first coil 453 functions as an S pole and the left end functions as an N pole, and the right end of the second coil 453' functions as an N pole and the left end functions as an S pole. Under the action of the magnetic attraction of the first coil 453 and the second magnet 452, the first coil 453 carries the first driven part 412 and thus the friction element 432 to the right against the spring force of the first return spring 46 until the first driven part 412 slides into the first driving part 411 to be rotationally locked with the first driving part 411 by means of friction (corresponding to a second stop position not shown in the drawings) and the third clutch device 43 is disengaged, so that the ring gear 21 is disengaged from the stationary part 60 and driven by the first driving part 411 to serve as an input element of the planetary gear mechanism. On the other hand, under the action of the magnetic repulsion force of the second coil 453 ' and the second magnet 452, the second coil 453 ' moves rightward with the second driven part 412 ' fixed thereto against the spring force of the second return spring 46 ', and the second driven part 412 ' brings the friction member 542 rigidly connected thereto to move rightward to the fourth stop position P4, so that the friction member 542 is engaged with the other friction member 541, and the sun gear 22 is rotationally locked with the ring gear 21. In the case where the sun gear 22 and the ring gear 21 serve as input members for the integral rotation of the planetary gear mechanism, the gear ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is 1. Thus, the transmission system 100 is in a high gear having a speed greater than the low gear at this time.

In particular, the shift actuator is configured such that the second coil 453' has more turns than the first coil 453. In this way, the friction element 542 of the fourth clutch device 54, which is fixedly connected to the second driven part 412', can be moved to the left in the second switching state by a greater distance than the further friction element 541, which is fixedly connected to the first driven part 412, so that the fourth clutch device 54 is ensured to be disconnected in the second switching state; further, the friction member 542 may be moved rightward by a larger distance than the other friction member 541 in the third switching state, thereby ensuring that the fourth clutch device 54 is engaged in the third switching state.

The above explanations of the features of the first clutch device 41 apply to the second clutch device 41' independently of one another or in combination.

Although some embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover all such modifications, substitutions and changes as fall within the true scope and spirit of the invention.