阅读说明：本技术 一种燃料电池余热利用系统及其控制方法 (Fuel cell waste heat utilization system and control method thereof ) 是由 杨丰翼 张松 张宇 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种燃料电池余热利用系统及其控制方法,涉及燃料电池技术领域。该燃料电池余热利用系统,包括电堆、水泵、加热器、散热器、流向控制阀、膨胀水箱、换热器、去离子罐、阀一、阀二和阀三,电堆、水泵、散热器、流向控制阀和阀三构成主流路,电堆、水泵、加热器、流向控制阀和阀三构成主加热流路,水泵、加热器、流向控制阀、阀二和换热器构成暖风加热流路,水泵、阀一和换热器构成余热流路。本发明的暖风系统与燃料电池系统共用一套加热器、水泵和膨胀水箱,提高了整车与燃料电池暖风冷却系统集成度,节省整车空间,降低整车成本,减少车辆能耗,提高能量利用率。(The invention provides a fuel cell waste heat utilization system and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system comprises a galvanic pile, a water pump, a heater, a radiator, a flow direction control valve, an expansion water tank, a heat exchanger, a deionization tank, a first valve, a second valve and a third valve, wherein the galvanic pile, the water pump, the radiator, the flow direction control valve and the third valve form a main flow path, the galvanic pile, the water pump, the heater, the flow direction control valve and the third valve form a main heating flow path, the water pump, the heater, the flow direction control valve, the second valve and the heat exchanger form a warm air heating flow path, and the water pump, the first valve and the heat exchanger form a waste heat flow path. The warm air system and the fuel cell system share one set of heater, water pump and expansion water tank, so that the integration level of the whole vehicle and the fuel cell warm air cooling system is improved, the space of the whole vehicle is saved, the cost of the whole vehicle is reduced, the energy consumption of the vehicle is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.)

1. The utility model provides a fuel cell waste heat utilization system, its characterized in that includes galvanic pile (1), water pump (2), heater (3), radiator (4), flow direction control valve (5), expansion tank (6), heat exchanger (7), deionization jar (8), valve (9), valve two (10) and valve three (11), galvanic pile (1), water pump (2), radiator (4), flow direction control valve (5) and valve three (11) constitute the main flow path, galvanic pile (1), water pump (2), heater (3), flow direction control valve (5) and valve three (11) constitute the main heating flow path, water pump (2), heater (3), flow direction control valve (5), valve two (10) and heat exchanger (7) constitute the warm braw heating flow path, water pump (2), valve one (9) and heat exchanger (7) constitute the waste heat flow path.

2. The fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a liquid level sensor (12), wherein the liquid level sensor (12) is provided on the expansion tank (6).

3. The fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a conductivity meter (13), wherein the conductivity meter (13) is disposed on a pipe between the radiator (4) and the flow direction control valve (5).

4. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, further comprising a first temperature sensor (14), wherein the first temperature sensor (14) is arranged on a pipeline between the electric pile (1) and the water pump (2).

5. The fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to claim 1, further comprising a second temperature sensor (15), wherein the second temperature sensor (15) is provided on a pipeline between the heat exchanger (7) and the main flow path.

6. The fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one of:

the first method is as follows: the first valve (9), the second valve (10) and the third valve (11) are all electromagnetic valves;

the second method comprises the following steps: the heater (3) is a PTC heater;

the third method comprises the following steps: the flow direction control valve (5) is a three-way valve.

7. A control method of the fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:

s1: judging whether the liquid level of the expansion water tank (6) is higher than a first preset value, if so, entering step S2, and if not, entering step S3;

s2: judging whether the conductivity value of the pipeline is lower than a second preset value, if so, entering S4, and if not, entering S5;

s3: prompting to fill cooling liquid;

s4: judging whether the fuel cell is in a starting state, if so, entering S6, and if not, entering S7;

s5: prompting to replace the deionization tank (8);

s6: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the galvanic pile (1) is lower than a third preset value, if so, entering S8, and if not, entering S9;

s7: the heater (3) is used for heating a warm air system;

s8: the heater (3) heats the fuel cell system and the warm air system;

s9: the fuel cell system is in a warm-up utilization mode.

8. The control method according to claim 7, wherein the specific method of S7 is: the three-way valve closes the valve I (9) and the valve III (11), and opens the valve II (10), namely, the water pump (2) and the heater (3) are started.

9. The control method according to claim 7, wherein the specific method of S8 is: the three-way valve closes the valve I (9), opens the valve II (10) and the valve III (11), and opens the water pump (2) and the heater (3).

10. The control method according to claim 7, wherein the specific method of S9 is: the three-way valve closes valve two (10) and opens valve one (9) and valve three (11).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell waste heat utilization system and a control method thereof.

Background

The fuel cell is a chemical device which directly converts chemical energy of fuel into electric energy, also called electrochemical generator, and is a fourth power generation technology following hydroelectric power generation, thermal power generation and atomic power generation. Is called as the ultimate environment-friendly engine. Compared with the traditional vehicle, the fuel cell vehicle has zero emission and zero pollution; compared with an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle has long endurance (more than 400 KM) and quick hydrogenation (5-10 min). In the operation process, hydrogen is provided by a hydrogen bottle and enters the electric pile, chemical energy is converted into electric energy through reaction and is provided for a power battery and a driving motor, meanwhile, the fuel battery is provided with an independent cooling system, and most of the current fuel battery systems are provided with a PTC and a water pump.

The existing CN20161087878789. X patent belongs to a scheme that heat is generated by using a fuel cell cooling liquid, a PTC is required to be heated externally when the fuel cell is started in a cold state, two sets of PTC systems are required, and the cost is high by adopting four three-way valves.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide a fuel cell waste heat utilization system and a control method thereof to solve the technical problems of complex structure and high cost in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fuel cell waste heat utilization system and a control method thereof, which improve the integration level of a finished automobile and a fuel cell warm air cooling system, reduce the cost of the finished automobile and improve the energy utilization rate.

In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:

the invention provides a fuel cell waste heat utilization system which comprises a galvanic pile, a water pump, a heater, a radiator, a flow direction control valve, an expansion water tank, a heat exchanger, an ion removal tank, a first valve, a second valve and a third valve.

Further, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system further comprises a liquid level sensor, and the liquid level sensor is arranged on the expansion water tank.

Further, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system further comprises a conductivity meter, and the conductivity meter is arranged on a pipeline between the radiator and the flow direction control valve.

Further, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system further comprises a first temperature sensor, and the first temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the electric pile and the water pump.

Further, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system further comprises a second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the heat exchanger and the main flow path.

Further, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system further comprises at least one of the following modes:

the first method is as follows: the first valve, the second valve and the third valve are all electromagnetic valves;

the second method comprises the following steps: the heater is a PTC heater;

the third method comprises the following steps: the flow direction control valve is a three-way valve.

The invention also provides a control method of the fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to any one of the technical schemes, which comprises the following steps:

s1: judging whether the liquid level of the expansion water tank is higher than a first preset value, if so, entering step S2, otherwise, entering step S3;

s2: judging whether the conductivity value of the pipeline is lower than a second preset value, if so, entering S4, and if not, entering S5;

s3: prompting to fill cooling liquid;

s4: judging whether the fuel cell is in a starting state, if so, entering S6, and if not, entering S7;

s5: prompting to replace the deionization tank;

s6: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the galvanic pile is lower than a third preset value, if so, entering S8, and if not, entering S9;

s7: the heater is used for heating the warm air system;

s8: the heater is used for heating the fuel cell system and the warm air system;

s9: the fuel cell system is in a warm-up utilization mode.

Further, the specific method of S7 is: the three-way valve closes the first valve and the third valve, opens the second valve, and opens the water pump and the heater.

Further, the specific method of S8 is: the three-way valve closes the valve I, opens the valve II and the valve III, and opens the water pump and the heater.

Further, the specific method of S9 is: the three-way valve closes the valve II and opens the valve I and the valve III.

Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system and the control method thereof provided by the invention integrate the whole vehicle warm air system and the fuel cell cold start system, control the flow direction of the cooling liquid of the pile system by adding the form of a switch valve, and meet the requirement of heating a cab in both a pile mode and a pure electric mode. The two modes of operation of the invention are as follows: under the working mode of the fuel cell, the residual heat utilization of the fuel cell cooling liquid through plate exchange is realized by controlling three switch valves and three-way valves; under the pure electric mode, the fuel cell heater works, and heat is provided for the air-conditioning warm air system by controlling the three switch valves and the three-way valve. The warm air system and the fuel cell system share one set of heater, water pump and expansion water tank, so that the integration level of the whole vehicle and the fuel cell warm air cooling system is improved, the space of the whole vehicle is saved, the cost of the whole vehicle is reduced, the energy consumption of the vehicle is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram showing a fuel cell waste heat utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a control method of the fuel cell residual heat utilization system according to the embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

1-electric pile; 2-a water pump; 3-a heater; 4-a radiator; 41-a primary heat sink; 42-a heat dissipation fan; 5-a flow direction control valve; 6-expansion water tank; 7-a heat exchanger; 8-deionization tank; 9-valve one; 10-valve two; 11-valve three; 12-a liquid level sensor; 13-a conductivity meter; 14-a temperature sensor I; 15-temperature sensor two.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell waste heat utilization system, which includes a stack 1, a water pump 2, a heater 3, a radiator 4, a flow direction control valve 5, an expansion tank 6, a heat exchanger 7, a deionization tank 8, a first valve 9, a second valve 10, and a third valve 11, wherein the stack 1, the water pump 2, the radiator 4, the flow direction control valve 5, and the third valve 11 form a main flow path, the stack 1, the water pump 2, the heater 3, the flow direction control valve 5, and the third valve 11 form a main heating flow path, the water pump 2, the heater 3, the flow direction control valve 5, the second valve 10, and the heat exchanger 7 form a warm air heating flow path, and the water pump 2, the first valve 9, and the heat exchanger 7 form a waste heat flow path.

Preferably, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system of the present embodiment further includes a liquid level sensor 12, and the liquid level sensor 12 is disposed on the expansion tank 6.

Optionally, the fuel cell residual heat utilization system of the present embodiment further includes a conductivity meter 13, and the conductivity meter 13 is disposed on the pipeline between the radiator 4 and the flow direction control valve 5.

Preferably, the fuel cell waste heat utilization system further comprises a first temperature sensor 14 and a second temperature sensor 15, the first temperature sensor 14 is arranged on a pipeline between the electric pile 1 and the water pump 2, and the second temperature sensor 15 is arranged on a pipeline between the heat exchanger 7 and the main pipeline.

Further, the first valve 9, the second valve 10 and the third valve 11 in this embodiment are all electromagnetic valves, and the electromagnetic valves are simple and reliable to control, but in other embodiments, the electromagnetic valves may be replaced by other types of on-off control valves, and an on-off control effect may be achieved. The heater 3 is a PTC heater, and has high heating speed and good constant temperature performance. The flow direction control valve 5 is a three-way valve, which can accurately control the flow direction, and in other embodiments, the three-way valve can be replaced by other physical devices with similar principles, and the flow direction control can be realized.

Specifically, the heat sink 4 of the present embodiment includes a main heat sink 41 and a heat dissipation fan 42, and the heat dissipation fan 42 is disposed beside the main heat sink 41 to assist in further heat dissipation and provide heat dissipation efficiency.

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment further provides a control method of the above fuel cell waste heat utilization system, including the following steps:

s1: judging whether the liquid level of the expansion water tank 6 is higher than a first preset value, if so, entering step S2, otherwise, entering step S3;

s2: judging whether the conductivity value of the pipeline is lower than a second preset value, if so, entering S4, and if not, entering S5;

s3: prompting to fill cooling liquid;

s4: judging whether the fuel cell is in a starting state, if so, entering S6, and if not, entering S7;

s5: prompting to replace the deionization tank 8;

s6: judging whether the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the galvanic pile 1 is lower than a third preset value, if so, entering S8, and if not, entering S9;

s7: the heater 3 heats the warm air system, specifically, a first valve 9 and a third valve 11 are closed by a three-way valve, and a second valve 10 is opened, namely, the water pump 2 and the heater 3 are started;

s8: the heater 3 heats the fuel cell system and the warm air system, and specifically comprises: the three-way valve closes the valve I9, opens the valve II 10 and the valve III 11, and opens the water pump 2 and the heater 3;

s9: the fuel cell system is in a preheating utilization mode, and specifically comprises the following steps: the three-way valve closes valve two 10 and opens valve one 9 and valve three 11.

According to the fuel cell waste heat utilization system and the control method thereof provided by the embodiment, the whole vehicle warm air system and the fuel cell cold start system are integrated, the flow direction of the cooling liquid of the electric pile 1 system is controlled by adding the form of the switch valve, and the heating of a cab in the electric pile 1 mode and the pure electric mode can be realized. The two modes of operation of the invention are as follows: under the working mode of the fuel cell, the residual heat utilization of the fuel cell cooling liquid through plate exchange is realized by controlling three switch valves and three-way valves; under the pure electric mode, fuel cell heater 3 works, through controlling three ooff valve and three-way valve, provides the heat for air conditioner warm braw system. The heater system and the fuel cell system share one set of the heater 3, the water pump 2 and the expansion water tank 6, so that the integration level of the whole vehicle and the fuel cell heater cooling system is improved, the space of the whole vehicle is saved, the cost of the whole vehicle is reduced, the energy consumption of the vehicle is reduced, and the energy utilization rate is improved.

Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terms used herein were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or technical improvements to the techniques in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.