阅读说明：本技术 钟形壳车削机床用工件定位夹持装置 (Workpiece positioning and clamping device for bell-shaped shell turning machine tool ) 是由 张鑫 何宇亭 庞云鹤 刘德伟 曹晓敏 于 2021-09-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：钟形壳车削机床用工件定位夹持装置,安装在机床上用于夹持钟形壳,包括安装在机床上的卡盘机构、顶尖机构,还包括用于定位钟形壳口端的钟形壳定位机构和用于托举钟形壳柄端的钟形壳托举机构,钟形壳定位机构具有一根阶梯轴,钟形壳托举机构具有竖板、横板和L形的连接板,被钟形壳定位机构和顶尖机构夹持的钟形壳整体暴露在机床的加工区域内,使得机床刀具在一道工序内就能完成对基准面、端槽、外圆面的车削加工；加工效率显著提升,不仅节省了时间和人力,避免人工控制顶尖夹持工件的风险操作,显著提高了钟形壳生产的安全性,为企业排除了安全隐患,降低了加工风险,增加了企业经济效益。(The workpiece positioning and clamping device for the bell-shaped shell turning machine tool is arranged on the machine tool and used for clamping a bell-shaped shell, and comprises a chuck mechanism and a tip mechanism which are arranged on the machine tool, and further comprises a bell-shaped shell positioning mechanism used for positioning the mouth end of the bell-shaped shell and a bell-shaped shell lifting mechanism used for lifting the handle end of the bell-shaped shell, wherein the bell-shaped shell positioning mechanism is provided with a step shaft, the bell-shaped shell lifting mechanism is provided with a vertical plate, a transverse plate and an L-shaped connecting plate, and the whole bell-shaped shell clamped by the bell-shaped shell positioning mechanism and the tip mechanism is exposed in a processing area of the machine tool, so that the turning of a reference surface, an end groove and an outer circular surface can be completed by a machine tool in one process; machining efficiency is showing and is promoting, has not only saved time and manpower, avoids the top centre gripping work piece's of manual control risk operation, is showing the security that has improved bell shell production, has got rid of the potential safety hazard for the enterprise, has reduced the processing risk, has increased enterprise economic benefits.)

1. Workpiece positioning and clamping device for bell shell turning machine tool comprises a chuck mechanism and a tip mechanism which are arranged on the machine tool, and is characterized in that: still include bell housing positioning mechanism and bell housing lifting mechanism, wherein:

the bell housing positioning mechanism is provided with a stepped shaft which is formed by sequentially connecting a thick shaft, a conical shaft and a thin shaft into a whole; wherein, the thick shaft is clamped and fixed by a chuck mechanism; the conical shaft is provided with a conical surface for positioning the inner chamfer of the end opening of the bell-shaped shell; a cylinder for positioning the ball path in the bell-shaped shell is fixedly arranged on the thin shaft along the circumference, and the axis of the cylinder is parallel to the axis of the stepped shaft;

the bell-shaped shell lifting mechanism is provided with a vertical plate, a transverse plate and an L-shaped connecting plate; the vertical plate is arranged between the stepped shaft and the tip mechanism, and the top end of the vertical plate is provided with a V-shaped notch for lifting the handle end of the bell-shaped shell; the vertical plate is displaced along the vertical direction and is fixedly connected with the vertical end of the connecting plate; the transverse end of the connecting plate is axially displaced along the stepped shaft and fixedly connected to a transverse plate, and the transverse plate is fixedly connected with the machine tool.

2. The workpiece positioning and clamping device for the bell-shell turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diameter of the large end of the conical shaft is the same as that of the thick shaft, and the diameter of the small end of the conical shaft is the same as that of the thin shaft.

3. The workpiece positioning and clamping device for the bell-shell turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cylinder is fixedly connected with the thin shaft through a bolt piece.

4. The workpiece positioning and clamping device for the bell-shell turning machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end of the cylinder is provided with an eccentric inner ball way guide slope surface.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a bell housing processing machine tool, in particular to a workpiece positioning and clamping device for a bell housing turning machine tool.

Background

The bell-shaped shell is one of automobile parts, one end of the bell-shaped shell is an opening end, six inner ball channels are arranged in the opening end, an inner chamfer is arranged at the opening edge of the opening end, the other end of the bell-shaped shell is a handle end, when the bell-shaped shell is finely processed, an end groove and an outer circular surface need to be turned on the outer circle of the opening end of the bell-shaped shell, a reference surface needs to be turned on the shell end surface of the handle end, in the existing processing method, the large end of the bell-shaped shell is clamped on a chuck of a machine tool, then the quenching reference surface of the handle end of the bell-shaped shell is hard turned, then the bell-shaped shell is dismounted from the chuck, after turning, the handle end of the bell-shaped shell is opposite to the chuck of the machine tool, then the end is clamped on the chuck of the machine tool, then the end groove and the outer circular surface of the bell-shaped shell are turned, under the normal operation of a skilled worker, the two processes need at least 120 seconds, and the maximum output of each machine tool is only about 220, in order to meet daily production requirements, a plurality of machine tools are required to be occupied for synchronous machining, each machine tool is also provided with a plurality of operators for shift operation, and machining cost is high; when the quenching reference surface of the handle end is turned, the tip must be used for propping against the handle end, so that the workpiece displacement during hard turning is avoided, and an operator manually supports the bell-shaped shell to be matched with the tip, so that certain potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a workpiece positioning and clamping device for a bell-shaped shell turning machine tool.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: workpiece positioning and clamping device for bell shell turning machine tool comprises a chuck mechanism and a tip mechanism which are arranged on the machine tool, and is characterized in that: still include bell housing positioning mechanism and bell housing lifting mechanism, wherein:

the bell housing positioning mechanism is provided with a stepped shaft which is formed by sequentially connecting a thick shaft, a conical shaft and a thin shaft into a whole; wherein, the thick shaft is clamped and fixed by a chuck mechanism; the conical shaft is provided with a conical surface for positioning the inner chamfer of the end opening of the bell-shaped shell; a cylinder for positioning the ball path in the bell-shaped shell is fixedly arranged on the thin shaft along the circumference, and the axis of the cylinder is parallel to the axis of the stepped shaft;

the bell-shaped shell lifting mechanism is provided with a vertical plate, a transverse plate and an L-shaped connecting plate; the vertical plate is arranged between the stepped shaft and the tip mechanism, and the top end of the vertical plate is provided with a V-shaped notch for lifting the handle end of the bell-shaped shell; the vertical plate is displaced along the vertical direction and is fixedly connected with the vertical end of the connecting plate; the transverse end of the connecting plate is axially displaced along the stepped shaft and fixedly connected to a transverse plate, and the transverse plate is fixedly connected with the machine tool.

The diameter of the large end of the conical shaft is the same as that of the thick shaft, and the diameter of the small end of the conical shaft is the same as that of the thin shaft.

The cylinder is fixedly connected with the thin shaft through a bolt piece.

The end of the cylinder is provided with an eccentric inner ball way guide slope surface.

The working principle and the advantages of the invention are as follows: aligning the corresponding ball tracks on the bell-shaped shell to the cylinder, sleeving the bell-shaped shell on the thin shaft to enable the inner chamfer surface of the port of the bell-shaped shell to be close to the conical surface, placing the handle end of the bell-shaped shell on the V-shaped notch, enabling the mouth end of the bell-shaped shell to be supported by the thin shaft and the handle end to be supported by the vertical plate to be transversely placed on a machine tool, closing a protective door of the machine tool, starting the machine tool according to a turning program, enabling the tip in the tip mechanism to be close to the handle end of the bell-shaped shell, pushing the bell-shaped shell along the axial direction of the stepped shaft until the inner chamfer surface of the port of the bell-shaped shell is tightly attached to the conical surface, starting the main shaft of the machine tool to rotate after the positioning of the bell-shaped shell is finished, enabling the bell-shaped shell to reliably rotate synchronously with the chuck mechanism under the limit of the cylinder, and integrally exposing the bell-shaped shell clamped by the positioning mechanism and the tip mechanism to the processing area of the machine tool, so that a cutter of the machine tool can finish the alignment of the reference surface, Turning end grooves and outer circular surfaces; in the conventional processing mode of the working procedure, the bell-shaped shell is directly clamped by the chuck, part of a processing area on the bell-shaped shell is shielded by the clamping jaw and cannot be turned, only one end of the bell-shaped shell is turned firstly and then the other end of the bell-shaped shell is turned by turning the workpiece, and the turning processing of the reference surface, the end groove and the outer circular surface can be finished only by opening and stopping twice, so that the process is complicated.

The vertical plate can be adjusted in position along the vertical direction, so that the V-shaped notches at the end parts of the vertical plate are suitable for the bell shell handle ends with different thicknesses, the connecting plate can be adjusted in position along the axial direction of the stepped shaft, so that the vertical plate can be adapted to bell shells with different lengths or bell shell handle ends with different positions, and under the existing mode that orders are taken as production pace and product mixing line processing, the adjusting structure is necessary technical characteristics for meeting the actual production requirements of enterprises.

Through the inside actual processing test of enterprise, the lathe list process time after using this application technical scheme to optimize reduces to 40 ~ 45 seconds, the shift output of single lathe reaches 620 ~ 700, machining efficiency is showing and is promoting, owing to increased bell shell lifting mechanism, the risky operation of the top centre gripping work piece of manual control has been saved, make the whole procedure can go on automatically in airtight environment, not only save time and manpower, still showing the security that improves bell shell production, for the enterprise has got rid of the potential safety hazard, the processing risk has been reduced, enterprise economic benefits has been increased. Calculating according to 3 thousands of sets of monthly products, 6 thousands of bell-shaped shells need to be processed, the yield per shift is 220 in the past, 273 shifts are needed, and according to 2 shifts/working day, 5 lathes are needed to be occupied to finish the rated yield per month; after the application technology is applied, the yield per shift is stabilized to be more than 620, the planned yield is finished by only 97 shifts, the rated yield per month can be finished easily by only occupying 2 lathes according to 2 shifts/working day, 3 lathes are saved, the allowance of 23 shifts/month is released, and the order increment of 0.72 ten thousand sets/month can be additionally met; compared with the prior processing mode, 176 shifts can be saved by applying the technology of the application, the calculation is carried out by using 160 yuan of electricity charge and 210 yuan of manpower per shift, and 6.5 million yuan of energy and labor cost can be saved for enterprises every month by using the one process; the method has the obvious beneficial effects of energy conservation and emission reduction while obviously improving enterprise income.

The angles of the inner chamfers of the end ports of the existing bell-shaped shells with various specifications are basically the same, so that the large end of the conical shaft is connected with the thick shaft in the same size, and the small end of the conical shaft is connected with the thin shaft in the same size, and the workpiece positioning and clamping device for the bell-shaped shell turning machine tool can be suitable for the existing bell-shaped shells with various specifications; by disassembling the bolt, different cylinders can be replaced, so that the universal joint can be suitable for bell shells with different specifications; the direction is domatic can improve the piece-feeding and feel under blind operation to improve the speed of piece-feeding, can also avoid cylindrical border to collide with the interior lane of bell shell simultaneously, play the effect of protection.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece positioning and clamping device for an outer race turning machine.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the chuck mechanism and the outer race positioning mechanism in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the outer race lifting mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a workpiece positioning and clamping device for an outer race turning machine.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the outer race.

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the outer shell in another direction.

In the figure, 1 a chuck mechanism, 2 jaws, 3 a thick shaft, 4 a conical shaft, 5 bell-shaped shell ports, an inner chamfer positioning conical surface, 6 a cylinder, 7 a guide slope surface, 8 a thin shaft, 9 a tip, 10 a tip mechanism, 11 a transverse plate, 12 a connecting plate, 13 a vertical plate, 14V-shaped notches, 15 bell-shaped shells, 16 bolt pieces, 17 spherical surfaces, 18 end grooves, 19 inner spherical channels, 20 outer circular surfaces, 21 reference surfaces, 22 handle ends, 23 a shaft axis of the tip, 24 a shaft axis of the bell-shaped shell, 25 a cylindrical shaft axis, 26 a shaft axis of a stepped shaft, 27 middle shaft axes of the jaws and 28 bell-shaped shell ports are internally chamfered.

Detailed Description

The workpiece positioning and clamping device for the bell housing turning machine tool is arranged on the machine tool and used for clamping a bell housing 15, as shown in figures 1 to 4, the workpiece positioning and clamping device comprises a chuck mechanism 1 and a tip mechanism 10 which are arranged on the machine tool, and further comprises a bell housing positioning mechanism and a bell housing lifting mechanism, wherein:

the bell housing positioning mechanism is provided with a stepped shaft which is formed by sequentially connecting a thick shaft 3, a conical shaft 4 and a thin shaft 8 into a whole; wherein, the thick shaft is clamped and fixed by a chuck mechanism; a conical surface 5 for positioning the inner chamfer of the end opening of the bell-shaped shell is arranged on the conical shaft; a cylinder 6 for positioning the ball path in the bell-shaped shell is fixedly arranged on the thin shaft along the circumference, and the axis 25 of the cylinder is parallel to the axis 26 of the stepped shaft;

the bell housing lifting mechanism is provided with a vertical plate 13, a transverse plate 11 and an L-shaped connecting plate 12; the vertical plate is arranged between the stepped shaft and the tip mechanism, and the top end of the vertical plate is provided with a V-shaped notch 14 for lifting the handle end of the bell-shaped shell; the vertical plate is displaced along the vertical direction and is fixedly connected with the vertical end of the connecting plate; the transverse end of the connecting plate is axially displaced along the stepped shaft and fixedly connected to a transverse plate, and the transverse plate is fixedly connected with the machine tool.

The diameter of the large end of the conical shaft is the same as that of the thick shaft, and the diameter of the small end of the conical shaft is the same as that of the thin shaft.

The cylinder is fixedly connected to the thin shaft by means of bolt members 16.

The end of the cylinder is provided with an eccentric inner ball way guide slope surface 7.

The machine tool is a numerical control machine tool and is the existing machining and manufacturing equipment. Chuck mechanism install and be used for grasping the work piece on the lathe, be equipped with the jack catch 2 of at least three synchronous polymerization or separation on the chuck, arrange the thick axle of step shaft in between each jack catch, the friction pressure after the polymerization through the jack catch is fixed with the thick axle locking to fix the step shaft on chuck mechanism, the thick axle be used for carrying out the butt joint with chuck mechanism. The center mechanism is arranged on a machine tool and used for clamping a workpiece, the key part of the center mechanism is a center 9, the shaft axis 23 of the center extends and overlaps with the middle shaft axis 27 of each clamping jaw in the chuck mechanism, and the shaft axis of the stepped shaft extends and overlaps with the shaft axis of the center under the clamping of the clamping jaws, so that the conical tip of the center is arranged opposite to the shaft axis of the stepped shaft.

As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the cone for positioning the inner chamfer of the bell housing end means that the cone is a cone that fits the inner chamfer 28 of the bell housing end, and since the angles of the inner chamfers of the bell housing end are substantially the same, the cone has a certain cone length for fitting various types of bell housings over its length.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the cylinder for positioning the ball way in the outer shell is a cylinder matched with the ball way 19 in the outer shell, when the cylinder is placed in the ball way in the outer shell, the outer shell is circumferentially and fixedly connected with the stepped shaft under the limit of the cylinder, different outer shells use cylinders with different sizes, and the device is matched with the corresponding outer shell by replacing different cylinders. The number of the cylinders is at least one, the cylinders correspond to any one of the inner ball channels of the bell-shaped shell, or the number of the cylinders is multiple, and the cylinders are matched with the inner ball channels of the bell-shaped shell according to the same distribution angle.

As shown in fig. 3, the V-shaped notch can clamp and fix a cylinder with a certain diameter size range according to the structural characteristics, therefore, the size and the opening degree of the V-shaped notch only need to be capable of stably clamping and fixing the handle end 22 of the bell-shaped shell, in order to avoid that the workpiece rubs against the V-shaped notch during rotation, said V-shaped notch should be arranged somewhat lower, in the structure, when the tip pushes the handle end of the bell-shaped shell, the bell-shaped shell can automatically align under the common guide action of the conical surface for positioning the inner chamfer of the end opening of the bell-shaped shell and the cylinder for positioning the inner ball channel of the bell-shaped shell, when the centre mechanism and the outer bell housing positioning mechanism clamp the outer bell housing to the working position, the shaft axis 24 of the outer bell housing extends and overlaps with the shaft axis of the stepped shaft and the shaft axis of the centre, and a gap is arranged between the V-shaped notch and the handle end of the outer bell shell, so that friction between the outer bell shell and the V-shaped notch is avoided. The whole bell housing clamped by the bell housing positioning mechanism and the centre mechanism is exposed in a processing area of an airport, so that the cutter of a machine tool can finish turning of the reference surface 21, the end groove 18 and the outer circular surface 20 in one process

As shown in fig. 3, the vertical plate is displaced along the vertical direction and is fixedly connected to the vertical end of the connecting plate, and the concrete structure is as follows: the vertical plate is provided with two bolt through holes which are symmetrically arranged, the vertical end of the connecting plate is provided with two strip holes which are arranged along the vertical direction and are opposite to the two bolt through holes on the vertical plate, two bolts are respectively arranged in the two bolt through holes on the vertical plate, the two bolts penetrate through the corresponding bolt through holes and the strip holes, nuts are respectively arranged on screw rods at the other ends of the two bolts, the vertical plate and the vertical end of the connecting plate are clamped and fixed by screwing the nuts on the two bolts, the vertical plate and the connecting plate are separated by unscrewing the nuts on the two bolts, and displacement is carried out along the vertical direction under the limit restraint of the strip holes and the screw rods; in a similar way, the transverse end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the transverse plate along the axial displacement of the stepped shaft, and the concrete structure is as follows: the transverse end of the connecting plate is provided with two symmetrically-arranged bolt through holes, the transverse plate is provided with two strip holes which are opposite to the positions of the two bolt through holes in the vertical plate and are arranged along the axial direction of the stepped shaft, two bolts are respectively arranged in the two bolt through holes in the transverse end of the connecting plate, the two bolts penetrate through the corresponding bolt through holes and the screw rods at the other ends of the strip holes and are respectively provided with nuts, the transverse end of the connecting plate and the transverse plate are clamped and fixed by screwing the nuts on the two bolts, the transverse end of the connecting plate and the transverse plate are separated by unscrewing the nuts on the two bolts, and the transverse end of the connecting plate and the transverse plate are displaced along the axial direction of the stepped shaft under the limit constraint of the strip holes and the screw rods.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the guiding slope surface is an inclined eccentric forward-facing surface, i.e. the center of the cross section of the large end of the guiding slope surface or the center point is located on the axis of the cylinder, the center of the cross section of the small end of the guiding slope surface or the center point is located between the axis of the cylinder and the axis of the stepped shaft, and the eccentric inclined slope surface and the transition region of the cylinder form a spherical surface 17, which can better guide the inner lane and avoid damaging the surface of the inner lane.