阅读说明：本技术 长直分段内孔用镗销加工装置及加工方法 (Boring pin machining device and method for long and straight segmented inner hole ) 是由 杨振 胡小才 邓啸尘 张�浩 杨文明 刘北英 丁振烜 邢峰 于 2021-09-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种长直分段内孔用镗销加工装置,包括：安装在固定段中的中间支撑；穿过第一加工段、中间支撑和第二加工段的镗杆；安装在镗杆上,并位于第一加工段的第一镗刀架；安装在第一镗刀架上的第一镗刀；安装在第一镗刀架上,用于调节第一镗刀径向位置的第一调节机构；安装在镗杆上,并位于第二加工段的第二镗刀架；安装在第二镗刀架上的第二镗刀；安装在第二镗刀架上,用于调节第二镗刀径向位置的第二调节机构；安装在所述中间支撑上,用于调节所述镗杆径向位置的第三调节机构。能够实现大型长直分段内孔的高精度自动镗销加工。(The invention discloses a boring pin processing device for a long and straight subsection inner hole, which comprises: an intermediate support mounted in the fixed section; the boring bar penetrates through the first machining section, the middle support and the second machining section; the first boring tool rest is arranged on the boring bar and is positioned at the first processing section; the first boring cutter is arranged on the first boring cutter frame; the first adjusting mechanism is arranged on the first boring cutter frame and used for adjusting the radial position of the first boring cutter; the second boring cutter frame is arranged on the boring rod and is positioned at the second processing section; the second boring cutter is arranged on the second boring cutter frame; the second adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second boring cutter frame and used for adjusting the radial position of the second boring cutter; and the third adjusting mechanism is mounted on the middle support and used for adjusting the radial position of the boring bar. The high-precision automatic boring and pin machining of the large long and straight segmented inner hole can be realized.)

1. The utility model provides a long straight segmentation for hole boring round pin processingequipment installs in long straight segmentation hole, and long straight segmentation hole includes canned paragraph (3), and connects first processing section (1) and second processing section (2) at canned paragraph (3) both ends, its characterized in that, automatic boring round pin processingequipment includes:

an intermediate support (5) mounted in the fixed section (3);

a boring bar (4) passing through the first processing section (1), the intermediate support (5) and the second processing section (2);

a first boring tool holder (6) mounted on the boring bar (4) and located at the first machining section (1);

a first boring cutter (8) mounted on the first boring cutter holder (6);

a first adjusting mechanism which is arranged on the first boring cutter frame (6) and is used for adjusting the radial position of the first boring cutter (8);

a second boring tool holder (7) mounted on the boring bar (4) and located at the second machining section (2);

a second boring cutter (9) mounted on the second boring cutter holder (7);

the second adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second boring cutter holder (7) and is used for adjusting the radial position of the second boring cutter (9); and

and the third adjusting mechanism is mounted on the middle support (5) and is used for adjusting the radial position of the boring bar (4).

2. The boring and pinning machining device for the long and straight segmented inner hole of claim 1, wherein the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism collect first displacement data and transmit the first displacement data to an upper computer (21) through a data acquisition card (22); the upper computer (21) calculates according to the first displacement data to obtain a processed hole roundness error, and controls the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism to adjust the radial positions of the first boring cutter (8) and the second boring cutter (9) through the acquisition card (22) according to the processed hole roundness error;

the third adjusting mechanism acquires second displacement data and transmits the second displacement data to the upper computer (21) through the data acquisition card (22); and the upper computer (21) calculates the bending value and the bending direction of the boring rod (4) at the mounting position of the middle support (5) according to the second displacement data, and controls the third adjusting mechanism to adjust the radial position of the boring rod (4) through the acquisition card (22) according to the bending value and the bending direction.

3. The boring and pinning device for the long and straight section inner bore of claim 2, wherein the first adjusting mechanism comprises:

a first motor (10) which is arranged on the first boring tool holder (6) and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card (22);

a first displacement sensor (14) which is arranged on the first boring tool holder (6) and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card (22); and

a first screw mechanism driven by the first motor (10) for adjusting the radial position of the first boring cutter (8);

the second adjustment mechanism includes:

a second motor (11) which is arranged on the second boring tool holder (7) and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card (22);

a second displacement sensor (15) which is arranged on the second boring tool holder (7) and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card (22); and

a second screw mechanism driven by the second motor (11) and used for adjusting the radial position of the second boring cutter (9);

the third adjustment mechanism includes:

a third displacement sensor (16), a fourth displacement sensor (17), a third motor (12) and a fourth motor (13) which are arranged on the middle support (5) and are respectively electrically connected with the data acquisition card (22); and

and the adjusting mechanism is driven by the third motor (12) and the fourth motor (13) and is used for adjusting the radial position of the boring bar (4).

4. The boring and pin machining device for the long and straight segmented inner hole is characterized in that the first motor (10), the second motor (11), the third motor (12) and the fourth motor (13) are motors with controllers.

5. The boring and pinning machining device for the long and straight segmented inner hole is characterized in that the third motor (12), the fourth motor (13), the third displacement sensor (16) and the fourth displacement sensor (17) are arranged on the side face of the middle support (5) in a 90-degree circumferential direction respectively.

6. The boring and pinning processing device for the long and straight segmented inner hole of claim 3, characterized in that the end of the first processing segment (1) is provided with a data interface (20) between the inside and the outside of the hole,

the boring bar (4) of the first machining section (1) is sleeved with a first sliding ring (18);

a second slip ring (19) is sleeved on the boring rod (4) of the second machining section (2);

the data acquisition card (22) is connected with a data interface (20), and the data interface (20) is respectively connected with the first motor (10), the second motor (11), the third motor (12), the fourth motor (13), the first displacement sensor (14), the second displacement sensor (15), the third displacement sensor (16) and the fourth displacement sensor (17) through connecting wires penetrating through the first slip ring (18) and the second slip ring (19).

7. The boring and pinning device for the inner hole of the long and straight section as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the connecting line enters the interior of the boring bar (4) from a through hole on the boring bar (4).

8. A machining method of the boring pin machining device according to claim 3, comprising:

s11: the upper computer (21) receives second displacement data of the third displacement sensor (16) and the fourth displacement sensor (17);

s12: the upper computer (21) calculates according to the second displacement data to obtain the bending value and the bending direction of the boring bar (4) at the installation position of the middle support (5);

s13: the upper computer (21) controls the third motor (12) and the fourth motor (13) to act according to the deflection value and the bending direction, so that the boring rod (4) moves in the opposite direction of the bending direction along the radial direction, and the moving distance is equal to the deflection value;

s14: the upper computer (21) repeats the steps S11 and S12, judges whether the bending deflection value of the boring bar (4) meets the preset requirement, if not, returns to execute the step S13, and if so, executes the following steps;

s15: the upper computer (21) controls the third motor (12) and the fourth motor (13) to be self-locked;

s16: the upper computer (21) sends a signal to indicate that the boring bar (4) can operate;

s17: the upper computer (21) receives first displacement data of the first displacement sensor (14) and the second displacement sensor (15);

s18: the upper computer (21) calculates the roundness error of the machined hole according to a dot diagram method and a least square circle method by using the first displacement data;

s19: the upper computer (21) judges whether the roundness error of the machined hole exceeds the tolerance or not according to the calculation result in the step S18 and a preset precision index, if so, the upper computer respectively controls the first motor (10) and the second motor (11) to act, adjusts the radial positions of the first boring cutter (8) and the second boring cutter (9), and returns to the step S17 to continue execution; if not, the upper computer (21) judges whether to continue feeding according to the current positions of the first boring tool rest (6) and the second boring tool rest (7), if so, a feeding signal is sent out, the first motor (10) and the second motor (11) are controlled to be self-locked, and if not, the first motor (10) and the second motor (11) are controlled to withdraw.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of boring and pin processing for long and straight segmented inner holes.

Background

Large-scale long straight section inner holes are widely existed in industrial practice, such as a ship section stern tube and the like. The method of boring the pin is often adopted for machining the holes, but due to the fact that machining environment is severe and machining difficulty is high, the traditional boring pin machining process is often manually measured and corrected and intermittent machining is adopted, and machining precision and efficiency are extremely low. How to realize the automatic measurement and the automatic correction of the machining process, improve the operating environment, improve the machining efficiency and the precision and become the difficult problems to be solved in the field of large-scale long and straight subsection inner hole machining.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pin boring device and a pin boring method for a long straight subsection inner hole, which are used for realizing high-precision automatic pin boring processing of a large-scale long straight subsection inner hole.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:

the utility model provides a long straight segmentation hole is with boring round pin processingequipment, installs in long straight segmentation hole, and long straight segmentation hole includes the canned paragraph, and connects the first processing section and the second processing section at canned paragraph both ends, automatic boring round pin processingequipment includes:

an intermediate support mounted in the fixed section;

the boring bar penetrates through the first machining section, the middle support and the second machining section;

the first boring tool rest is arranged on the boring bar and is positioned at the first machining section;

the first boring cutter is arranged on the first boring cutter frame;

the first adjusting mechanism is arranged on the first boring cutter frame and used for adjusting the radial position of the first boring cutter;

the second boring tool rest is arranged on the boring bar and is positioned at the second machining section;

the second boring cutter is arranged on the second boring cutter frame;

the second adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second boring cutter frame and is used for adjusting the radial position of the second boring cutter; and

and the third adjusting mechanism is mounted on the middle support and used for adjusting the radial position of the boring bar.

Preferably, the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism acquire first displacement data and transmit the first displacement data to the upper computer through a data acquisition card; the upper computer calculates according to the first displacement data to obtain a roundness error of the machined hole, and controls the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism to adjust the radial positions of the first boring cutter and the second boring cutter through the acquisition card according to the roundness error of the machined hole;

the third adjusting mechanism acquires second displacement data and transmits the second displacement data to the upper computer through a data acquisition card; and the upper computer calculates according to the second displacement data to obtain the bending value and the bending direction of the boring rod at the middle support mounting position, and controls the third adjusting mechanism to adjust the radial position of the boring rod through the acquisition card according to the bending value and the bending direction.

Preferably, the first adjustment mechanism includes:

the first motor is arranged on the first boring tool rest and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card;

the first displacement sensor is arranged on the first boring tool rest and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card; and

the first screw rod mechanism is driven by the first motor and is used for adjusting the radial position of the first boring cutter;

the second adjustment mechanism includes:

the second motor is arranged on the second boring tool rest and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card;

the second displacement sensor is arranged on the second boring tool rest and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card; and

the second screw rod mechanism is driven by the second motor and is used for adjusting the radial position of the second boring cutter;

the third adjustment mechanism includes:

the third displacement sensor, the fourth displacement sensor, the third motor and the fourth motor are arranged on the middle support and are respectively and electrically connected with the data acquisition card; and

and the adjusting mechanism is driven by the third motor and the fourth motor and is used for adjusting the radial position of the boring bar.

Preferably, the first motor, the second motor, the third motor and the fourth motor are motors with controllers.

Preferably, the third motor, the fourth motor, the third displacement sensor and the fourth displacement sensor are respectively arranged on the middle support side surface in an angle along the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the end part of the first processing section is provided with a data interface between the inside and the outside of the hole,

a first slip ring is sleeved on the boring rod of the first machining section;

a second slip ring is sleeved on the boring rod of the second machining section;

the data acquisition card is connected with a data interface, and the data interface is respectively connected with the first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the fourth motor, the first displacement sensor, the second displacement sensor, the third displacement sensor and the fourth displacement sensor through connecting wires penetrating through the first slip ring and the second slip ring.

Preferably, the connecting wire enters the boring bar from a through hole on the boring bar.

The machining method based on the boring pin machining device comprises the following steps:

s11: the upper computer receives second displacement data of the third displacement sensor and the fourth displacement sensor;

s12: the upper computer calculates to obtain the bending value and the bending direction of the boring bar at the middle support mounting position according to the second displacement data;

s13: the upper computer controls the third motor and the fourth motor to act according to the deflection value and the bending direction, so that the boring rod moves in the opposite direction of the bending direction along the radial direction, and the moving distance is equal to the deflection value;

s14: the upper computer repeats the steps S11 and S12, judges whether the bending deflection value of the boring bar meets the preset requirement, if not, returns to execute the step S13, and if so, executes the following steps;

s15: the upper computer controls the third motor and the fourth motor to be self-locked;

s16: the upper computer sends a signal to indicate that the boring bar can operate;

s17: the upper computer receives first displacement data of the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor;

s18: the upper computer calculates the roundness error of the machined hole according to a point diagram method and a least square circle method by using the first displacement data;

s19: the upper computer judges whether the roundness error of the machined hole exceeds the tolerance or not according to the calculation result in the step S18 and a preset precision index, if so, the upper computer respectively controls the first motor and the second motor to act, adjusts the radial positions of the first boring cutter and the second boring cutter, and returns to the step S17 to continue execution; if not, the upper computer judges whether to continue feeding according to the current positions of the first boring tool holder and the second boring tool holder, if so, a feeding signal is sent out, the first motor and the second motor are controlled to be self-locked, and if not, the first motor and the second motor are controlled to withdraw.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the bending deflection of the boring rod and the roundness error of the just-machined hole are monitored in real time, and the control time sequence is applied, so that the efficient and high-precision boring pin machining of the large long straight sectional inner hole can be realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a boring and pinning device for a long straight section inner hole of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of the structure of the middle support of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a structural view of a control part in the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

Referring to fig. 1-3, the boring and pinning processing device for the long and straight sectioned inner hole of the present invention is installed in the long and straight sectioned inner hole, the long and straight sectioned inner hole includes a fixed section 3 (a non-hole-processing section), and a first processing section 1 and a second processing section 2 connecting both ends of the fixed section 3, and the boring and pinning processing device includes: the device comprises an intermediate support 5, a boring bar 4, a first boring tool holder 6, a first boring tool 8, a first adjusting mechanism, a second boring tool holder 7, a second boring tool 9, a second adjusting mechanism and a third adjusting mechanism.

The intermediate support 5 is mounted in the fixed section 3. The boring bar 4 passes through the first machining section 1, the intermediate support 5 and the second machining section 2. The first boring bar holder 6 is mounted on the boring bar 4 and is located in the first machining section 1. The first boring cutter 8 is mounted on the first boring cutter holder 6. The first adjusting mechanism is arranged on the first boring tool holder 6 and used for adjusting the radial position of the first boring tool 8. The second boring bar holder 7 is mounted on the boring bar 4 and is located at the second machining stage 2. The second boring cutter 9 is mounted on the second boring cutter holder 7. The second adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second boring cutter holder 7 and is used for adjusting the radial position of the second boring cutter 9. The third adjusting mechanism is arranged on the middle support 5 and used for adjusting the radial position of the boring bar 4.

The first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism acquire first displacement data and transmit the first displacement data to the upper computer 21 through the data acquisition card 22; the upper computer 21 calculates according to the first displacement data to obtain a roundness error of the machined hole, and controls the first adjusting mechanism and the second adjusting mechanism to adjust the radial positions of the first boring cutter 8 and the second boring cutter 9 through the acquisition card 22 according to the roundness error of the machined hole.

The third adjusting mechanism acquires second displacement data and transmits the second displacement data to the upper computer 21 through the data acquisition card 22; the upper computer 21 calculates the bending value and the bending direction of the boring bar 4 at the mounting position of the middle support 5 according to the second displacement data, and controls the third adjusting mechanism to adjust the radial position of the boring bar 4 through the acquisition card 22 according to the bending value and the bending direction.

The above-mentioned radial position refers to the radial position relative to the fixed segment 3.

The first adjustment mechanism includes: a first motor 10, a first displacement sensor 14, a first screw mechanism. The first motor 10 is mounted on the first boring bar support 6 and is electrically connected to the data acquisition card 22. The first displacement sensor 14 is mounted on the first boring bar 6 and is electrically connected to a data acquisition card 22. The first screw mechanism is driven by a first motor 10 for adjusting the radial position of the first boring cutter 8.

The second adjustment mechanism includes: a second motor 11, a second displacement sensor 15 and a second screw mechanism. The second motor 11 is arranged on the second boring tool holder 7 and is electrically connected with the second motor 11 of the data acquisition card 22; the second displacement sensor 15 is mounted on the second boring bar holder 7 and is electrically connected to a data acquisition card 22. The second screw mechanism is driven by a second motor 11 for adjusting the radial position of the second boring cutter 9.

The third adjustment mechanism includes: a third displacement sensor 16, a fourth displacement sensor 17, a third motor 12 and a fourth motor 13.

The third displacement sensor 16, the fourth displacement sensor 17, the third motor 12 and the fourth motor 13 are mounted on the middle support 5 and are electrically connected with the data acquisition card 22 respectively. The adjusting mechanism is driven by a third motor 12 and a fourth motor 13 for adjusting the radial position of the boring bar 4. The first screw mechanism, the second screw mechanism and the adjusting mechanism all adopt common mechanisms in the prior art, such as a worm gear lifter, a screw rod lifter, a ball screw nut mechanism and the like, so as to realize the adjustment of the first boring cutter 8, the second boring cutter 9 and the boring rod 4.

The first motor 10, the second motor 11, the third motor 12 and the fourth motor 13 are all motors with controllers. The third motor 12, the fourth motor 13, the third displacement sensor 16 and the fourth displacement sensor 17 are respectively arranged on the side surface of the middle support 5 along the circumferential direction at 90 degrees.

The end part of the first processing section 1 is provided with a data interface 20 between the inside and the outside of the hole, and the boring bar 4 of the first processing section 1 is sleeved with a first sliding ring 18; the boring bar 4 of the second processing section 2 is sleeved with a second slip ring 19; the data acquisition card 22 is connected with the data interface 20, and the data interface 20 is respectively connected with the first motor 10, the second motor 11, the third motor 12, the fourth motor 13, the first displacement sensor 14, the second displacement sensor 15, the third displacement sensor 16 and the fourth displacement sensor 17 through connecting wires passing through the first slip ring 18 and the second slip ring 19. The connecting wire enters the boring bar 4 from a through hole on the boring bar 4, as shown in fig. 1.

The machining method of the boring pin machining device comprises the following steps:

s11: the upper computer 21 receives second displacement data of the third displacement sensor 16 and the fourth displacement sensor 17;

s12: the upper computer 21 calculates the bending value and the bending direction of the boring bar 4 at the installation position of the middle support 5 according to the second displacement data;

s13: the upper computer 21 controls the third motor 12 and the fourth motor 13 to act according to the deflection value and the bending direction, so that the boring rod 4 moves along the radial direction to the opposite direction of the bending direction, and the moving distance is equal to the deflection value;

s14: the upper computer 21 repeats the steps S11 and S12, judges whether the bending deflection value of the boring bar 4 meets the preset requirement, if not, returns to execute the step S13, and if so, executes the next step;

s15: the upper computer 21 controls the third motor 12 and the fourth motor 13 to be self-locked;

s16: the upper computer 21 sends a signal to indicate that the boring bar 4 can operate;

s17: the upper computer 21 receives first displacement data of the first displacement sensor 14 and the second displacement sensor 15;

s18: the upper computer 21 calculates the roundness error of the machined hole according to a dot diagram method and a least square circle method by using the first displacement data;

s19: the upper computer 21 judges whether the roundness error of the machined hole is out of tolerance or not according to the calculation result in the step S18 and a preset precision index, and if yes, respectively controls the first motor 10 and the second motor 11 to act, and adjusts the radial positions of the first boring cutter 8 and the second boring cutter 9, namely: adjusting the cutting amount of the first boring cutter 8 and the second boring cutter 9, and returning to the step S17 to continue to execute; if not, the upper computer 21 judges whether to continue feeding according to the current positions of the first boring tool holder 6 and the second boring tool holder 7, if so, a feeding signal is sent out, the first motor 10 and the second motor 11 are controlled to be self-locked, and if not, the first motor 10 and the second motor 11 are controlled to withdraw.

In conclusion, the bending deflection of the boring bar and the roundness error of a hole just machined are monitored in real time through four displacement sensors, data calculation is carried out on measurement information through a control program, action information is output to a motor controller, and finally the radial movement of the boring bar is controlled to counteract the influence of the deflection and the cutting amount of a boring cutter to reduce the roundness error, so that the aim of efficiently and precisely machining the boring pin is fulfilled.

The above embodiments are provided only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the present invention, and should be defined by the claims.