阅读说明：本技术 一种自动化加工用上下料装置 (Feeding and discharging device for automatic machining ) 是由 俞晨炀 于 2021-09-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种自动化加工用上下料装置,属于零件自动化加工技术领域,该自动化加工用上下料装置,包括：工作台、第一料架、驱动组件、打磨组件、第二料架、输送组件和翻转组件,通过一对立杆在随着零件的移动而开合时,设置的第一连接臂与第二连接臂对一对第三齿轮和主动齿轮起到限位作用,防止脱落的同时还可以跟随一对立杆的开合而位移,从而满足零件的不同形状的抛光,在一对立杆之间连接有弹簧,可拉紧一对立杆之间的间距,从而使磨砂轮紧贴零件边缘,对零件进行毛边进行抛光处理。(The invention discloses a feeding and discharging device for automatic processing, belonging to the technical field of automatic processing of parts, and the feeding and discharging device for automatic processing comprises: the workstation, first work or material rest, drive assembly, the subassembly of polishing, the second work or material rest, conveying component and upset subassembly, when opening and shutting along with the removal of part through a pair of pole setting, the first linking arm and the second linking arm that set up play limiting displacement to a pair of third gear and driving gear, can also follow opening and shutting of a pair of pole setting and displacement when preventing to drop, thereby satisfy the polishing of the different shapes of part, be connected with the spring between a pair of pole setting, can tighten the interval between a pair of pole setting, thereby make the emery wheel hug closely the part edge, carry out deckle edge polishing processing to the part.)

1. The utility model provides an automatic change loading and unloading device for processing which characterized in that includes:

the device comprises a workbench (1), wherein a first material rack is arranged on the workbench (1) through a first supporting leg (2);

the device comprises a driving assembly, a first material frame and a second material frame, wherein the driving assembly comprises a driving disc (3) used for intermittent feeding, an extension shaft (4) is integrally installed on the driving disc (3), a first notch (5) is formed in one side, close to the driving disc (3), of the first material frame, and the extension shaft (4) penetrates through the first notch (5) to the inside of the first material frame;

the polishing assembly comprises a first vertical frame (6) arranged on the workbench (1), and the vertical frame (6) is positioned at the conveying tail end of the first material frame;

and the second material frame is positioned at the conveying tail end of the grinding assembly, and a conveying assembly and a turnover assembly are arranged on one side, close to the grinding assembly, of the second material frame.

2. The automatic change processing is with unloader according to claim 1, characterized by: the first material rack comprises a pair of side plates (8), the two ends of each side plate (8) are connected with a rotating roller (9) in a rotating mode, a transmission belt (10) is arranged between the rotating rollers (9) in a tensioning mode, one end of each rotating roller (9) penetrates through the corresponding side plate (8), and one end, penetrating through the corresponding rotating roller (9), of each rotating roller is connected with a first motor (11) through a coupler.

3. The automatic change processing is with unloader according to claim 2, characterized by: drive assembly is including installing fixing base (12) on workstation (1), integrated into one piece formula is provided with sleeve (13) on fixing base (12), sleeve (13) internal rotation is connected with first pivot (14), first pivot (14) upper end is in the same place with driving-disc (3) coaxial arrangement, still coaxial arrangement slotted rim plate (15) on first pivot (14), radial groove (1501) have been seted up on slotted rim plate (15), still install second motor (16) on fixing base (12), coaxial arrangement has breach disc (17) on the output of second motor (16), install rocking arm (18) on breach disc (17), round pin (19) are installed to the one end that breach disc (17) were kept away from in rocking arm (18), round pin (19) and radial groove (1501) looks adaptation.

4. The automatic change processing is with unloader according to claim 3, characterized by: an inner concave arc (1502) is arranged on the slot wheel disc (15) between the adjacent radial slots (1501), and the inner concave arc (1502) is matched with the notch disc (17).

5. The automatic change processing is with unloader according to claim 1, characterized by: a pair of second rotating shafts (20) are installed at the horizontal section of the first vertical frame (6), a first gear (21) is rotatably connected to each second rotating shaft (20), the pair of first gears (21) are meshed and connected, a vertical rod (22) is fixedly installed on one side, away from the second rotating shaft (20), of each first gear (21), the lower end of each vertical rod (22) is sequentially rotatably connected with a grinding wheel (23) and a pair of first connecting arms (24) through a connecting shaft, a second gear (25) is coaxially installed on the connecting shaft between the pair of first connecting arms (24), one end, away from the connecting shaft, of each first connecting arm (24) is rotatably connected with a third gear (26) through a pin shaft, a driving gear (27) is meshed and connected between the pair of third gears (26), and second connecting arms (28) are rotatably connected to the upper side and the lower side of the driving gear (27), the second connecting arm (28) is rotatably connected with the first connecting arm (24), and a third motor (29) is installed on the lower end face of the driving gear (27).

6. The automatic change processing is with unloader according to claim 1, characterized by: the conveying assembly comprises a slide rail seat (30) which is connected with the tail end of a first material rack, a first sliding frame (31) is connected to the slide rail seat (30) in a sliding mode, a first air cylinder (37) is installed at one end, close to the first material rack, of the slide rail seat (30), the movable end of the first air cylinder (37) is installed together with the first sliding frame (31), a pair of connecting rods (32) are installed in the first sliding frame (31) in an integrated mode, and are connected with a third connecting arm (33) in a rotating mode, one end, far away from the connecting rods (32), of the third connecting arm (33) is connected with a second sliding frame (34) in a rotating mode, a conveying plate (35) is fixedly installed on the second sliding frame (34), and a limiting plate (36) is vertically installed at the tail end of the stroke of the slide rail seat (30).

7. The automatic change processing is with unloader according to claim 1, characterized by: the second material rest comprises second supporting legs (7) vertically installed on the workbench (1), U-shaped placing frames (38) are installed on the second supporting legs (7), pressing notches (3801) are formed in two sides, close to one end of the conveying plate (35), of the U-shaped placing frames (38), a pair of second air cylinders (39) are installed on the U-shaped placing frames (38), the maximum stroke of the movable ends of the pair of second air cylinders (39) can penetrate through the pressing notches (3801) to the U-shaped placing frames (38), and pressing blocks (40) are installed at the movable ends of the second air cylinders (39).

8. The automatic change processing is with unloading device of claim 7, characterized in that: tilting mechanism is including rotating third cylinder (41) of installing on a pair of second supporting leg (7) outside, and is a pair of the expansion end of third cylinder (41) all rotates and is connected with fourth linking arm (42), and is a pair of fixed mounting has connecting rod (43) between fourth linking arm (42), install a pair of axle bed (45) on second supporting leg (7), connecting rod (43) rotate in a pair of axle bed (45), commentaries on classics board (44) are installed to integrated into one piece formula on connecting rod (43).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic part machining, and particularly relates to a feeding and discharging device for automatic machining.

Background

With the development of technology and the advance of industrial internet, an automatic factory is bound to become the mainstream direction of future intelligent manufacturing.

The material is got to the mode that generally adopts of getting of present part is the blowing of artifical getting, and this kind of mode not only reduces production efficiency, still needs the cost of labor, and the part only plays in the transport in addition and carries to another place from a place, carries out secondary operation again, and the waste time makes machining efficiency low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a feeding and discharging device for automatic processing, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an automatic change loading and unloading device for processing, includes: workstation, first work or material rest, drive assembly, the subassembly of polishing, second work or material rest, conveying component and upset subassembly.

Wherein, install first work or material rest through first supporting leg on the workstation, the initiating terminal of first work or material rest links together with last station, plays the effect of carrying the part.

In order to push the parts to enter the next process in order, the driving assembly comprises a driving disc for intermittent feeding, an extension shaft is integrally installed on the driving disc, a first notch is formed in one side, close to the driving disc, of the first material frame, and the extension shaft penetrates through the first notch to the first material frame to play a role in pushing feeding.

Wherein, in order to make the part can carry out polishing treatment to the deckle edge of self at the in-process of carrying, the subassembly of polishing is including installing the first grudging post on the workstation, the grudging post is located the transport end of first work or material rest to improve the machining efficiency of part.

The second material rack is located at the conveying end of the polishing assembly, the arranged second material rack is higher than the first material price and used for orderly stacking, one side, close to the polishing assembly, of the second material rack is provided with the conveying assembly and the overturning assembly, parts are overturned by 90 degrees through the overturning assembly and are orderly arranged on the second material rack, and therefore labor of workers is saved.

Preferably, the first material frame comprises a pair of side plates, two ends of each side plate are rotatably connected with a rotating roller, a transmission belt is tensioned between the rotating rollers, one end of each rotating roller penetrates through the side plate, and one end of each rotating roller, which penetrates through the side plate, is connected with a first motor through a coupling.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a fixed seat mounted on the workbench, a sleeve is integrally formed on the fixed seat, a first rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the sleeve, the upper end of the first rotating shaft is coaxially mounted with the driving disc, a sheave disc is coaxially mounted on the first rotating shaft, a radial groove is formed in the sheave disc, a second motor is further mounted on the fixed seat, a notched disc is coaxially mounted on the output end of the second motor, a rotating arm is mounted on the notched disc, a cylindrical pin is mounted at one end of the rotating arm, which is far away from the notched disc, and the cylindrical pin is matched with the radial groove.

Preferably, the slot wheel disc between adjacent radial slots is provided with an inner concave arc, and the inner concave arc is matched with the notched disc.

Preferably, the horizontal section of the first vertical frame is provided with a pair of second rotating shafts, the second rotating shafts are respectively connected with a first gear in a rotating way, a pair of the first gears are meshed and connected, one side of each first gear far away from the second rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a vertical rod, the lower end of the upright rod is sequentially and rotatably connected with a grinding wheel and a pair of first connecting arms through a connecting shaft, a second gear is coaxially arranged on the connecting shaft between the pair of first connecting arms, one end of each first connecting arm, far away from the connecting shaft, is rotatably connected with a third gear through a pin shaft, a driving gear is meshed and connected between the third gears, the upper side and the lower side of the driving gear are both rotatably connected with a second connecting arm, the second connecting arm is rotatably connected with the first connecting arm, and a third motor is mounted on the lower end face of the driving gear.

Preferably, the conveying assembly comprises a slide rail seat connected with the tail end of the first material rack in a linking manner, a first sliding frame is connected in the slide rail seat in a sliding manner, a first air cylinder is installed at one end, close to the first material rack, of the slide rail seat, the movable end of the first air cylinder is installed with the first sliding frame, a pair of connecting rods are integrally installed in the first sliding frame, a third connecting arm is rotatably connected to each connecting rod, a second sliding frame is rotatably connected to one end, far away from the connecting rods, of the third connecting arm, a conveying plate is fixedly installed on the second sliding frame, and a limiting plate is vertically installed at the stroke tail end of the slide rail seat.

Preferably, the second rack comprises a second supporting leg vertically installed on the workbench, a U-shaped placing frame is installed on the second supporting leg, pressing notches are formed in two sides, close to one end of the conveying plate, of the U-shaped placing frame, a pair of second cylinders are installed on the U-shaped placing frame, the maximum stroke of the movable ends of the pair of second cylinders can penetrate through the pressing notches into the U-shaped placing frame, and pressing blocks are installed at the movable ends of the second cylinders.

Preferably, the turnover mechanism includes a third cylinder rotatably mounted on the outer sides of the pair of second support legs, the movable ends of the pair of third cylinders are rotatably connected with a fourth connecting arm, a connecting rod is fixedly mounted between the pair of fourth connecting arms, the second support legs are provided with a pair of shaft seats, the connecting rod rotates in the pair of shaft seats, and the connecting rod is integrally provided with a rotating plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the grinding assembly, when the pair of vertical rods are opened and closed along with the movement of a part, the pair of third gears and the driving gear are limited by the arranged first connecting arm and the second connecting arm, so that the grinding assembly can be prevented from falling off and can move along with the opening and closing of the pair of vertical rods, the polishing of different shapes of the part is met, the spring is connected between the pair of vertical rods, the distance between the pair of vertical rods can be tightened, a grinding wheel can be attached to the edge of the part, and rough edges of the part are polished.

2. According to the turnover device provided by the invention, when the conveying plate is lifted, the conveying plate is abutted against the rotating plate, the end part of the rotating plate is in a slope shape, so that parts can conveniently slide onto the rotating plate, the pair of third cylinders is started, and the movable end of each third cylinder is contracted to drive the fourth connecting arm to rotate by taking the shaft seat as an axis, so that the parts are turned and stacked by 90 degrees.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the polishing assembly apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the delivery assembly of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the flip assembly of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a work table; 2. a first support leg; 3. a drive disc; 4. an extension shaft; 5. a first gap; 6. erecting a frame; 7. a second support leg; 8. a side plate; 9. a rotating roller; 10. a transmission belt; 11. a first motor; 12. a fixed seat; 13. a sleeve; 14. a first rotating shaft; 15. a sheave disc; 1501. a radial slot; 1502. an inner concave arc; 16. a second motor; 17. a notched disc; 18. a rotating arm; 19. a cylindrical pin; 20. a second rotating shaft; 21. a first gear; 22. erecting a rod; 23. grinding a grinding wheel; 24. a first connecting arm; 25. a second gear; 26. a third gear; 27. a driving gear; 28. a second connecting arm; 29. a third motor; 30. a slide rail seat; 31. a first carriage; 32. a connecting rod; 33. a third connecting arm; 34. a second carriage; 35. a conveying plate; 36. a limiting plate; 37. a first cylinder; 38. a U-shaped placing rack; 3801. compressing the notch; 39. a second cylinder; 40. a compression block; 41. a third cylinder; 42. a fourth connecting arm; 43. a connecting rod; 44. rotating the plate; 45. a shaft seat.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, a feeding and discharging device for automatic processing includes: workstation 1, first work or material rest, drive assembly, the subassembly of polishing, second work or material rest, conveying component and upset subassembly.

Wherein, install first work or material rest through first supporting leg 2 on the workstation 1, the initiating terminal of first work or material rest links together with last station, plays the effect of carrying the part.

Wherein, in order to promote the part to get into next process in an orderly manner, drive assembly is including being used for intermittent type material loading's driving-disc 3, and integrative one-tenth form is installed on driving-disc 3 and is extended axle 4, and first work or material rest is close to one side of driving-disc 3 and opens there is first opening 5, extends axle 4 and runs through first opening 5 to first work or material rest in, plays the effect that promotes the material loading.

Wherein, in order to make the part can carry out polishing treatment to the deckle edge of self at the in-process of carrying, the subassembly of polishing is including installing first grudging post 6 on workstation 1, and grudging post 6 is located the transport end of first work or material rest to improve the machining efficiency of part.

The second material rack is located at the conveying end of the polishing assembly, the arranged second material rack is higher than the first material price and used for orderly stacking, one side, close to the polishing assembly, of the second material rack is provided with the conveying assembly and the overturning assembly, the parts are overturned by 90 degrees through the overturning assembly, and are orderly arranged on the second material rack, so that the labor of workers is saved.

Specifically, please refer to fig. 1, the first material rest includes a pair of side plates 8, both ends of the pair of side plates 8 are rotatably connected with rotating rollers 9, a transmission belt 10 is tensioned between the pair of rotating rollers 9, one end of the rotating roller 9 on one side penetrates through the side plates 8, and one end of the rotating roller 9 penetrating through is connected with a first motor 11 through a coupling, by starting the first motor 11, the output end of the first motor 11 drives the rotating roller 9 on one side to rotate through the coupling, because the transmission belt 10 is tensioned between the pair of rotating rollers 9, thereby driving the parts in the previous station to be orderly conveyed.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1-2, the driving assembly includes a fixed base 12 mounted on the workbench 1, a sleeve 13 is integrally formed on the fixed base 12, a first rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected in the sleeve 13 through a ball bearing for improving the transmission efficiency, an upper end of the first rotating shaft 14 is coaxially mounted with the driving disc 3, a sheave disc 15 is further coaxially mounted on the first rotating shaft 14, the sheave disc 15 is located on the first rotating shaft 14 below the driving disc 3, radial slots 1501 are formed in the sheave disc 15, four radial slots 1501 are preferably selected, the driving disc 3 can be driven to rotate 90 degrees each time, so as to push the parts to advance, a second motor 16 is further mounted on the fixed base 12, a notched disc 17 is coaxially mounted on an output end of the second motor 16, a rotating arm 18 is mounted on the notched disc 17, and a cylindrical pin 19 is mounted at one end of the rotating arm 18 away from the notched disc 17, the pin 19 is adapted to the radial slot 1501, when the second motor 16 rotates the notch disc 17, the rotating arm 18 rotates, and when the pin 19 on the rotating arm 18 rotating continuously enters the radial slot 1501, the slotted wheel 15 is rotated.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the grooved pulley 15 between adjacent radial slots 1501 is provided with an inner concave arc 1502, the inner concave arc 1502 is matched with the notched disc 17, and when the cylindrical pin 19 does not enter the radial slot 1501 yet, the inner concave arc 1502 of the grooved pulley 15 is clamped by the arc of the notched disc 17, so that the grooved pulley 15 is stationary, and the intermittent pushing motion is realized, thereby providing time for the next process.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3, a pair of second rotating shafts 20 are installed at a horizontal section of the vertical frame 6, the second rotating shafts 20 are rotatably connected with first gears 21, the pair of first gears 21 are meshed and connected, an upright 22 is fixedly installed at one side of each first gear 21 away from the second rotating shaft 20, a spring is connected between the pair of upright 22 for tensioning the pair of upright 22, the lower end of the upright 22 is sequentially rotatably connected with a grinding wheel 23 and a pair of first connecting arms 24 through a connecting shaft, a polishing cavity is formed between the pair of grinding wheels 23, a second gear 25 is coaxially installed on the connecting shaft between the pair of first connecting arms 24, one ends of the pair of first connecting arms 24 away from the connecting shaft are rotatably connected with third gears 26 through a pin shaft, a driving gear 27 is meshed and connected between the pair of third gears 26, the upper and lower sides of the driving gear 27 are rotatably connected with second connecting arms 28, the second connecting arms 28 are rotatably connected with the first connecting arms 24, first link arm 24 and the second link arm 28 of setting play limiting displacement, when a pair of pole setting 22 opens and shuts along with the removal of part, first link arm 24 and the second link arm 28 of setting play limiting displacement to a pair of third gear 26 and driving gear 27, can also follow opening and shutting of a pair of pole setting 22 and displacement when preventing to drop, third motor 29 is installed to driving gear 27 terminal surface, start third motor 29, the output of third motor 29 drives driving gear 27 and rotates, because a pair of third gear 26 is connected with driving gear 27 meshing, thereby drive a pair of third gear 26 and rotate, a pair of second gear 25 that pivoted a pair of third gear 26 drive meshing connection rotates, thereby drive and rotate with the coaxial dull polish wheel 23 of second gear 25, carry out unedged polishing to the part.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the conveying assembly includes a slide rail base 30 connected to the end of the first material rack, a first carriage 31 is slidably connected to the slide rail base 30, a first cylinder 37 is installed at one end of the slide rail base 30 close to the first material rack, a movable end of the first cylinder 37 is installed together with the first carriage 31, a pair of connecting rods 32 are integrally installed in the first carriage 31, a third connecting arm 33 is rotatably connected to each of the pair of connecting rods 32, a second carriage 34 is rotatably connected to one end of the third connecting arm 33 away from the connecting rod 32, a conveying plate 35 is fixedly installed on the second carriage 34, a limiting plate 36 is vertically installed at the end of the stroke of the slide rail base 30, when the first cylinder 37 is not operated, the third connecting arm 33 is in an inclined state, when a part is conveyed onto the conveying plate 35, the movable end of the first cylinder 37 pushes the first carriage 31 to slide forward, and because the third connecting arm 33 is in an inclined state, when the transfer plate 35 abuts against the limit plate 36, the first carriage 31 is still pushed forward until the third connecting arm 33 rotates to the vertical state, so that the transfer plate 35 is lifted to be flush with the second rack.

Specifically, please refer to fig. 5, the second material rack includes a second supporting leg 7 vertically installed on the workbench 1, a U-shaped placing rack 38 is installed on the second supporting leg 7, in order to fix the polished part on the second material rack, two sides of one end of the U-shaped placing rack 38 close to the conveying plate 35 are provided with a pressing notch 3801, a pair of second cylinders 39 are installed on the U-shaped placing rack 38, the maximum stroke of the movable ends of the pair of second cylinders 39 can penetrate through the pressing notches 3801 to the inside of the U-shaped placing rack 38, the movable ends of the second cylinders 39 are provided with pressing blocks 40, rubber layers are arranged on opposite surfaces of the pair of pressing blocks 40, and when the pressing blocks 40 press the part, the plasticity of the rubber plays a role in protecting the part.

Specifically, please refer to fig. 5, the turnover mechanism includes a third cylinder 41 rotatably installed on the outer side of the pair of second support legs 7, the movable ends of the pair of third cylinders 41 are rotatably connected with a fourth connecting arm 42, a connecting rod 43 is fixedly installed between the pair of fourth connecting arms 42, the second support legs 7 are provided with a pair of shaft seats 45, the connecting rod 43 rotates in the pair of shaft seats 45, the rotating plate 44 is integrally installed on the connecting rod 43, the conveying plate 35 is lifted to abut against the rotating plate 44, the end of the rotating plate 44 is in a slope shape, so that the parts can slide onto the rotating plate 44 conveniently, the pair of third cylinders 41 is started, the movable ends of the third cylinders 41 contract to drive the fourth connecting arms 42 to rotate around the shaft seats 45, and thus the parts are turned over by 90 degrees.

The working principle is as follows:

when the automatic polishing machine works, the workbench 1 is moved to the upper station, the starting end of the first material rack is connected with the upper station, the first motor 11 is started, the output end of the first motor 11 drives the rotating roller 9 on one side to rotate through the coupler, the transmission belt 10 is tensioned between the pair of rotating rollers 9, so that parts in the upper station are driven to be sequentially conveyed, when the first part moves to the polishing assembly, the first part is positioned on the conveying plate 35 at the moment, the second motor 16 drives the notched disc 17 to rotate, the rotating arm 18 rotates along with the rotation, when the cylindrical pin 19 on the rotating arm 18 which continuously rotates enters the radial groove 1501, the grooved wheel disc 15 is driven to rotate, the grooved wheel disc 15 drives the driving plate 3 to rotate, the extending shaft 4 rotates to push the second part to advance, the second part pushes the first part to enter the polishing cavity to be subjected to rough edge polishing, the processed part works along with the first cylinder 37, and the conveying plate 35 is abutted against the limiting plate 36, the first sliding frame 31 is still pushed forward until the third connecting arm 33 rotates to a vertical state, so that the conveying plate 35 is lifted to be flush with the second material rest, the part slides to the rotating plate 44 along with the pushing of the rear part, the pair of third cylinders 41 is started, the movable end of each third cylinder 41 contracts to drive the fourth connecting arm 42 to rotate by taking the shaft seat 45 as the axis, and therefore the part is turned and stacked by 90 degrees.

Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.