阅读说明：本技术 一种低透气量织物及其制备方法和应用 (Low-air-permeability fabric and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 李峰 安自朝 李逸凡 赵春会 刘娇 陈云 许扬平 于 2021-10-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种低透气量织物及其制备方法和应用,涉及纺织品生产技术领域。一种低透气量织物的制备方法,包括以下步骤：S1：将PET切片、聚酰胺切片和聚酯切片分别进行纺丝,分别得到PET纤维、聚酰胺纤维和聚酯纤维；将PET纤维与聚酰胺纤维或/和聚酯纤维混纺得到混纺纱线,再将混纺纱线织造为混纺织物；S2：使用二氧化钛溶胶对混纺织物进行浸轧处理,得到预处理混纺织物；S3：使用涂料对预处理混纺织物表面进行涂覆形成涂层,得到低透气量织物。本发明还提供了由上述方法制备的低透气量织物和应用。本发明可以制得基布与涂料的粘合强度高,且具有较高的气密性、耐水性等性能的低透气量织物。(The invention provides a low-air-permeability fabric and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of textile production. A preparation method of a low-air-permeability fabric comprises the following steps: s1: respectively spinning the PET slices, the polyamide slices and the polyester slices to respectively obtain PET fibers, polyamide fibers and polyester fibers; blending PET fibers with polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers to obtain blended yarns, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics; s2: carrying out padding treatment on the blended fabric by using titanium dioxide sol to obtain a pretreated blended fabric; s3: and coating the surface of the pretreated blended fabric by using a coating to form a coating, so as to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric. The invention also provides the low-air-permeability fabric prepared by the method and application. The invention can prepare the low-air-permeability fabric which has high bonding strength between the base cloth and the coating and has higher air tightness, water resistance and other performances.)

1. A preparation method of a low-air-permeability fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1: respectively spinning the PET slices, the polyamide slices and the polyester slices to respectively obtain PET fibers, polyamide fibers and polyester fibers; blending PET fibers with polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers to obtain blended yarns, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics;

s2: carrying out padding treatment on the blended fabric by using titanium dioxide sol to obtain a pretreated blended fabric;

s3: and coating the surface of the pretreated blended fabric by using a coating to form a coating, so as to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric.

2. The method for preparing the fabric with low air permeability according to claim 1, wherein the PET fibers and the polyamide fibers or/and the polyester fibers are drawn according to the weight ratio of (1-2) to 1 in the step S1, blended yarns are prepared through roving, spinning and double twisting processes, and then the blended yarns are woven into the blended fabric through tatting.

3. The method for preparing a fabric with low air permeability according to claim 1, wherein the titanium dioxide sol in the step S2 is prepared by a sol-gel method using tetrabutyl titanate, absolute ethyl alcohol, hydrochloric acid and water.

4. The method for preparing the low-permeability fabric according to claim 1, wherein the specific preparation method of the titanium dioxide sol is as follows: dropwise adding 2-3 ml of tetrabutyl titanate into 20-30 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring vigorously at room temperature, and continuously stirring after dropwise adding to obtain a transparent and uniform light yellow solution; dropping 2-3 ml of mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated hydrochloric acid and water according to the volume ratio of (1-2) to 1:1 under vigorous stirring, and continuously stirring for 50-60 min after dropping to obtain uniform and transparent titanium dioxide sol.

5. The method for preparing a low-permeability fabric according to claim 1, wherein the specific treatment method of the step S2 is as follows: soaking the blended fabric into titanium dioxide sol for 10-18 min according to the bath ratio of 1 (10-15), and soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the mangle expression is 70-80%; drying at 60-65 ℃ for 5-8 min, and curing at 140-150 ℃ for 3-6 min to obtain the pretreated blended fabric.

6. The method for preparing a low-permeability fabric according to claim 1, wherein the coating in the step S3 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of azodiisobutyronitrile, 20-25 parts of methacrylic acid, 18-22 parts of styrene and 30-40 parts of acrylamide.

7. The method for preparing the low-air-permeability fabric according to claim 1, wherein the coating is prepared by the following steps: mixing methacrylic acid, styrene and acrylamide according to parts by weight, adding one-half of azodiisobutyronitrile according to parts by weight, and stirring at 70-75 ℃ for prepolymerization for 50-60 min; and adding the rest of azodiisobutyronitrile in parts by weight, stirring and reacting at 40-45 ℃ for 55-60 min, and heating to 80-85 ℃ to continue reacting until the mixture is viscous.

8. The method for preparing a low-permeability fabric according to claim 1, wherein the specific treatment method of the step S3 is as follows: using 25-35 g/m²The surface of the pretreated blended fabric is coated by the coating material loading amount, and the coating process is carried out for drying for 40-80 s at 150-160 ℃.

9. A low-air-permeability fabric prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the air permeability of the low-air-permeability fabric is not more than 15L/m²·s。

10. Use of a low air permeability fabric produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 or a low air permeability fabric of claim 9 for the production of emergency evacuation slides, helicopter bladders and lifeboat products.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of textile production, in particular to a low-air-permeability fabric and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Products in the protection and lifesaving field such as emergency evacuation slides, helicopter floating bags, lifeboat products and the like need to be produced by using low-air-permeability fabrics.

At present, the common low-air-permeability fabric is prepared by coating a urethane coating on the surface of polyamide base cloth; however, the adhesive strength between the polyamide base fabric and the urethane coating is not high, and the air-tightness, water resistance and other properties are not high.

Disclosure of Invention

The first purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a low-air-permeability fabric, which can improve the bonding strength between a base fabric and a coating and improve the air tightness, water resistance and other properties of the fabric.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a low-air-permeability fabric, the base cloth prepared by the preparation method has high bonding strength with the coating, and the low-air-permeability fabric has high air tightness, water resistance and other performances.

A third object of the invention is to provide the use of a low air permeability fabric for the production of emergency evacuation slides, helicopter bladders and lifeboat products.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

1. a preparation method of a low-air-permeability fabric comprises the following steps:

s1: respectively spinning the PET slices, the polyamide slices and the polyester slices to respectively obtain PET fibers, polyamide fibers and polyester fibers; blending PET fibers with polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers to obtain blended yarns, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics;

s2: carrying out padding treatment on the blended fabric by using titanium dioxide sol to obtain a pretreated blended fabric;

s3: and coating the surface of the pretreated blended fabric by using a coating to form a coating, so as to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric.

Furthermore, in the step S1, the PET fibers and the polyamide fibers or/and the polyester fibers are drawn according to the weight ratio (1-2) of 1, blended yarns are prepared through the working procedures of roving, spinning and double twisting, and then the blended yarns are woven into blended fabrics through tatting.

Further, the titanium dioxide sol in step S2 is prepared by a sol-gel method using tetrabutyl titanate, absolute ethyl alcohol, hydrochloric acid, and water.

Further, the specific preparation method of the titanium dioxide sol comprises the following steps: dropwise adding 2-3 ml of tetrabutyl titanate into 20-30 ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring vigorously at room temperature, and continuously stirring after dropwise adding to obtain a transparent and uniform light yellow solution; dropping 2-3 ml of mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated hydrochloric acid and water according to the volume ratio of (1-2) to 1:1 under vigorous stirring, and continuously stirring for 50-60 min after dropping to obtain uniform and transparent titanium dioxide sol.

Further, the specific processing method of step S2 is as follows: soaking the blended fabric into titanium dioxide sol for 10-18 min according to the bath ratio of 1 (10-15), and soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the mangle expression is 70-80%; drying at 60-65 ℃ for 5-8 min, and curing at 140-150 ℃ for 3-6 min to obtain the pretreated blended fabric.

Further, the coating in the step S3 includes the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of azodiisobutyronitrile, 20-25 parts of methacrylic acid, 18-22 parts of styrene and 30-40 parts of acrylamide.

Further, the preparation method of the coating comprises the following steps: mixing methacrylic acid, styrene and acrylamide according to parts by weight, adding one-half of azodiisobutyronitrile according to parts by weight, and stirring at 70-75 ℃ for prepolymerization for 50-60 min; and adding the rest of azodiisobutyronitrile in parts by weight, stirring and reacting at 40-45 ℃ for 55-60 min, and heating to 80-85 ℃ to continue reacting until the mixture is viscous.

Further, the specific processing method of step S3 is as follows: by using 25～35g/m²The surface of the pretreated blended fabric is coated by the coating material loading amount, and the coating process is carried out for drying for 40-80 s at 150-160 ℃.

A low air permeability fabric having an air permeability of no greater than 15L/m²·s。

The application of the low-permeability fabric is used for producing emergency evacuation slides, helicopter floating bags and lifeboat products.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention at least has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the invention adopts PET fiber and polyamide fiber or/and polyester fiber blended fabric and the preparation method is matched, so that the bonding strength of the base cloth and the coating can be effectively improved, and the air tightness, water resistance and other properties are high.

2. The invention adopts titanium dioxide sol to pretreat the fabric, so that the surface of the fabric forms a micro rough structure and is matched with the coating with strong adhesion, thereby effectively improving the bonding strength of the base fabric and the coating.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.

The low-air-permeability fabric provided by the embodiment of the invention and the preparation method and application thereof are specifically described below.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a preparation method of a low-air-permeability fabric, which comprises the following steps:

s1: spinning the PET slices and the polyamide slices respectively to obtain PET fibers and polyamide fibers respectively; drawing PET fibers and polyamide fibers according to the weight ratio of 2:1, preparing blended yarns through the working procedures of roving, spinning and double twisting, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics through tatting;

s2: soaking the blended fabric into titanium dioxide sol for 10min according to a bath ratio of 1:10, and soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the mangle expression is 70%; drying at 60 ℃ for 5min, and curing at 140 ℃ for 3min to obtain a pretreated blended fabric; the specific preparation method of the titanium dioxide sol comprises the following steps: dripping 2ml of tetrabutyl titanate vinegar into 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, violently stirring at room temperature, and continuously stirring after dripping to obtain a transparent and uniform light yellow solution; dropwise adding 2ml of mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated hydrochloric acid and water according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1 under vigorous stirring, and continuously stirring for 50min after dropwise adding to obtain uniform and transparent titanium dioxide sol;

s3: using 25g/m²Coating the surface of the pretreated blended fabric by the coating material loading amount, and drying the surface for 40s at 150 ℃ in the coating process to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric; the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 20 parts of methacrylic acid, 18 parts of styrene and 30 parts of acrylamide; mixing methacrylic acid, styrene and acrylamide according to weight parts, adding one half of azodiisobutyronitrile by weight parts, and stirring at 70 ℃ for prepolymerization for 50 min; and adding the rest of azodiisobutyronitrile in parts by weight, stirring and reacting at 40 ℃ for 55min, heating to 80 ℃, and continuing to react until the mixture is viscous to obtain the coating.

This example provides a low air permeability fabric, designated a, which is produced.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a preparation method of a low-air-permeability fabric, which comprises the following steps:

s1: spinning the PET slices and the polyester slices respectively to obtain PET fibers and polyester fibers respectively; drawing PET fibers and polyester fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:1, preparing blended yarns through the working procedures of roving, spinning and double twisting, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics through tatting;

s2: soaking the blended fabric into titanium dioxide sol for 15min according to a bath ratio of 1:10, and soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the mangle expression is 75%; drying at 60 ℃ for 6min, and curing at 145 ℃ for 4min to obtain a pretreated blended fabric; the specific preparation method of the titanium dioxide sol comprises the following steps: dripping 2ml of tetrabutyl titanate vinegar into 25ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, violently stirring at room temperature, and continuously stirring after dripping to obtain a transparent and uniform light yellow solution; dropwise adding a mixed solution of 2ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated hydrochloric acid and water in a volume ratio of 2:1:1 under vigorous stirring, and continuously stirring for 55min after dropwise adding to obtain uniform and transparent titanium dioxide sol;

s3: using 30g/m²Coating the surface of the pretreated blended fabric by the coating material loading amount, and drying the surface for 60s at 155 ℃ in the coating process to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric; the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 22 parts of methacrylic acid, 20 parts of styrene and 35 parts of acrylamide; mixing methacrylic acid, styrene and acrylamide according to weight parts, adding one half of azodiisobutyronitrile by weight parts, and stirring at 70 ℃ for prepolymerization for 55 min; and adding the rest of azodiisobutyronitrile in parts by weight, stirring and reacting at 40 ℃ for 55min, heating to 80 ℃, and continuing to react until the mixture is viscous to obtain the coating.

This example provides a low air permeability fabric, designated B, which is produced.

Example 3

The embodiment provides a preparation method of a low-air-permeability fabric, which comprises the following steps:

s1: respectively spinning the PET slices, the polyamide slices and the polyester slices to respectively obtain PET fibers, polyamide fibers and polyester fibers; drawing PET fibers, polyamide fibers and polyester fibers according to the weight ratio of 2:1, preparing blended yarns through the working procedures of roving, spinning and double twisting, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics through tatting;

s2: soaking the blended fabric into titanium dioxide sol for 18min according to a bath ratio of 1:15, and soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the mangle expression is 80%; drying at 65 ℃ for 8min, and curing at 150 ℃ for 6min to obtain a pretreated blended fabric; the specific preparation method of the titanium dioxide sol comprises the following steps: dripping 3ml of tetrabutyl titanate vinegar into 30ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, violently stirring at room temperature, and continuously stirring after dripping to obtain a transparent and uniform light yellow solution; dropwise adding 3ml of mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated hydrochloric acid and water according to the volume ratio of 2:1:1 under vigorous stirring, and continuously stirring for 60min after dropwise adding to obtain uniform and transparent titanium dioxide sol;

s3: using 35g/m²The coating material loading amount of the pre-treated mixed textileCoating the surface of the object, and drying the object for 80s at 160 ℃ in the coating process to obtain a low-air-permeability fabric; the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 25 parts of methacrylic acid, 22 parts of styrene and 40 parts of acrylamide; mixing methacrylic acid, styrene and acrylamide according to weight parts, adding one half of azodiisobutyronitrile by weight parts, and stirring at 70 ℃ for prepolymerization for 60 min; and adding the rest of azodiisobutyronitrile in parts by weight, stirring and reacting at 40 ℃ for 60min, heating to 80 ℃, and continuing to react until the mixture is viscous to obtain the coating.

This example provides a low air permeability fabric, designated C, which is produced.

Comparative example 1

The present comparative example provides a method of making a low air permeability fabric comprising the steps of:

s1: spinning the polyamide slices to obtain polyamide fibers; drawing cotton fibers and polyamide fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:1, preparing blended yarns through roving, spinning and double twisting, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics through tatting;

s2: using 25g/m²The surface of the blended fabric is coated with the urethane coating material, and the coating process is carried out for drying for 40s at 150 ℃ to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric.

This comparative example provides a low air permeability fabric, designated M1, which was prepared.

Comparative example 2

The present comparative example provides a method of making a low air permeability fabric comprising the steps of:

s1: spinning the PET slices and the polyester slices respectively to obtain PET fibers and polyester fibers respectively; drawing PET fibers and polyester fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:1, preparing blended yarns through the working procedures of roving, spinning and double twisting, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics through tatting;

s2: soaking the blended fabric into titanium dioxide sol for 10min according to a bath ratio of 1:10, and soaking twice and rolling twice, wherein the mangle expression is 70%; drying at 60 ℃ for 5min, and curing at 140 ℃ for 3min to obtain a pretreated blended fabric; the specific preparation method of the titanium dioxide sol comprises the following steps: dripping 2ml of tetrabutyl titanate vinegar into 20ml of absolute ethyl alcohol, violently stirring at room temperature, and continuously stirring after dripping to obtain a transparent and uniform light yellow solution; dropwise adding 2ml of mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, concentrated hydrochloric acid and water according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1 under vigorous stirring, and continuously stirring for 50min after dropwise adding to obtain uniform and transparent titanium dioxide sol;

s3: using 25g/m²The surface of the blended fabric is coated with the urethane coating material, and the coating process is carried out for drying for 40s at 150 ℃ to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric.

This comparative example provides a low air permeability fabric, designated M2, which was prepared.

Comparative example 3

The present comparative example provides a method of making a low air permeability fabric comprising the steps of:

s1: spinning the PET slices and the polyester slices respectively to obtain PET fibers and polyester fibers respectively; drawing PET fibers and polyester fibers according to the weight ratio of 1:1, preparing blended yarns through the working procedures of roving, spinning and double twisting, and weaving the blended yarns into blended fabrics through tatting;

s2: using 25g/m²Coating the surface of the pretreated blended fabric by the coating material loading amount, and drying the surface for 40s at 150 ℃ in the coating process to obtain the low-air-permeability fabric; the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, 20 parts of methacrylic acid, 18 parts of styrene and 30 parts of acrylamide; mixing methacrylic acid, styrene and acrylamide according to weight parts, adding one half of azodiisobutyronitrile by weight parts, and stirring at 70 ℃ for prepolymerization for 50 min; and adding the rest of azodiisobutyronitrile in parts by weight, stirring and reacting at 40 ℃ for 55min, heating to 80 ℃, and continuing to react until the mixture is viscous to obtain the coating.

This comparative example provides a low air permeability fabric, designated M3, which was prepared.

Experimental example 1

The average peel force was measured according to GB/T31334.1-2015 using the products A to C obtained in examples 1 to 3 and having a width of 25mm and a length of 200mm and the products M1 to M3 obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3, and the average adhesive strength was calculated for each of three parallel groups, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Adhesive strength (N/mm) ═ average peel force (N)/specimen width (mm)

TABLE 1 adhesive Strength

Sample (I)	Adhesive Strength (N/mm)
		A	21
B	21.2
		C	21
M1	8
		M2	16.8
M3	12

As can be seen from Table 1, the base cloth and the coating of the low-air-permeability fabric prepared by the method have high adhesive strength, while the base cloth and the coating of the products M1-M3 prepared by the comparative examples 1-3 have low adhesive strength; the product M1 produced in comparative example 1 was prepared by applying a conventional urethane coating on the surface of a polyamide-based fabric; the product M2 produced in comparative example 2 was a woven fabric of PET fibers blended with polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers and pretreated with a titanium dioxide sol, but coated with a urethane coating; the product M3 produced in comparative example 3 was not pretreated with a titanium dioxide sol; the invention shows that the low-air-permeability fabric prepared by blending and weaving PET fibers and polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers, pretreating by using titanium dioxide sol and coating by using a novel coating has higher bonding strength between the base fabric and the coating.

Experimental example 2

The air permeability of the products A to C obtained in examples 1 to 3 and the products M1 to M3 obtained in comparative examples 1 to 3, which had a width of 150mm and a length of 200mm, was measured in accordance with GB/T5453-1997, and the results are shown in Table 2.

Air permeability R (L/m)²·s)＝qv/A×0.167

Wherein, qv-average gas flow, L/min;

a-test area, cm²。

TABLE 2 air Permeability

Sample (I)	Air permeability (L/m)2·s)
		A	14.5
B	13.8
		C	14.6
M1	24.1
		M2	20.5
M3	18.3

As can be seen from Table 2, the low air permeability fabric prepared by the method has lower air permeability, while the products M1-M3 prepared by the comparative examples 1-3 have higher air permeability; the product M1 produced in comparative example 1 was prepared by applying a conventional urethane coating on the surface of a polyamide-based fabric; the product M2 produced in comparative example 2 was a woven fabric of PET fibers blended with polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers and pretreated with a titanium dioxide sol, but coated with a urethane coating; the product M3 produced in comparative example 3 was not pretreated with a titanium dioxide sol; the invention shows that the air tightness of the low-air-permeability fabric prepared by blending and weaving the PET fibers and the polyamide fibers or/and the polyester fibers and matching with the preparation method and the novel coating is better.

Experimental example 3

The time for the product samples to have abnormal phenomena such as water permeation, wetting and damage was measured according to GB 5571-.

TABLE 3 Water resistance

Sample (I)	Abnormal time of occurrence (min)
		A	475
B	468
		C	480
M1	320
		M2	280
M3	305

As can be seen from Table 3, the fabric with low air permeability has long time for abnormal phenomena such as water permeability, wetting, damage and the like during testing, while the products M1-M3 prepared in the comparative examples 1-3 have short time for abnormal phenomena such as water permeability, wetting, damage and the like during testing; the product M1 produced in comparative example 1 was prepared by applying a conventional urethane coating on the surface of a polyamide-based fabric; the product M2 produced in comparative example 2 was a woven fabric of PET fibers blended with polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers and pretreated with a titanium dioxide sol, but coated with a urethane coating; the product M3 produced in comparative example 3 was not pretreated with a titanium dioxide sol; the invention shows that the low-air-permeability fabric prepared by blending and weaving PET fibers and polyamide fibers or/and polyester fibers and matching with the preparation method and the novel coating has better water resistance.

In conclusion, according to the preparation method of the low-air-permeability fabric, the base cloth of the prepared low-air-permeability fabric has high bonding strength with the coating, and has good air tightness and water resistance.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.