阅读说明：本技术 槟榔提取物及其制备方法和应用 (Areca extract and preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 康宗华 彭金砖 蒋富强 孙建 刘群 郭卫群 匡杨 于 2021-10-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种槟榔提取物的制备方法,包括以下步骤：将槟榔与碱溶液混合,得到pH值为7.5～10的槟榔混合物；碱溶液的质量分数为2％～10％；将槟榔混合液进行亚临界萃取,得到提取液；将所述提取液进行脱溶剂处理,再进行脱杂除味,干燥。本发明的槟榔提取物的制备方法得到的槟榔提取物,呈油状或粘稠膏状,稳定性好,具有槟榔特有风味,且提神效果较好；可广泛应用于糖果、饮料,或添加至槟榔制品等食物中,能起到良好的提神效果。(The invention relates to a preparation method of an areca extract, which comprises the following steps: mixing the betel nut with an alkali solution to obtain an betel nut mixture with a pH value of 7.5-10; the mass fraction of the alkali solution is 2-10 percent; performing subcritical extraction on the areca mixed solution to obtain an extracting solution; and (3) carrying out desolventizing treatment on the extracting solution, then carrying out impurity removal and odor removal, and drying. The areca extract obtained by the preparation method of the areca extract is oily or viscous paste, has good stability, has special flavor of areca, and has good refreshing effect; can be widely applied to candies, beverages or added into foods such as betel nut products and the like, and can play a good refreshing role.)

1. The preparation method of the betel nut extract is characterized by comprising the following steps:

mixing the betel nut with an alkali solution to obtain an betel nut mixture with a pH value of 7.5-10; the mass fraction of the alkali solution is 2-10%;

performing subcritical extraction on the betel nut mixture to obtain an extracting solution;

and (3) carrying out desolventizing treatment on the extracting solution, then carrying out impurity removal and odor removal, and drying.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH of the mixture of Arecae semen and semen is 7.5-9.

3. The method for preparing an areca catechu extract of claim 1, wherein the alkaline solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of a calcium hydroxide solution, a sodium hydroxide solution and a potassium hydroxide solution.

4. The method for preparing areca catechu extract according to claim 1, wherein the solvent used for the subcritical extraction comprises at least one of propane, butane, dimethyl ether and tetrafluoroethane; and/or

The temperature of the subcritical extraction is 30-50 ℃, and the extraction time is 10-100 min.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the solvent used in the subcritical extraction further comprises an entrainer, the entrainer is at least one of ethanol, methanol and water, and the entrainer is present in a concentration of 50% to 100%.

6. The method for preparing areca catechu extract of claim 5, wherein the step of removing impurities and odors is performed using an adsorbent selected from at least one of activated carbon, activated clay and diatomaceous earth.

7. The method for preparing betel nut extract according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising the following steps before the step of mixing the betel nuts with the alkali solution:

drying the betel nuts, and then crushing to obtain betel nut powder.

8. An extract of areca catechu, prepared by the method of preparing an extract of areca catechu as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Use of the extract of areca nut of claim 8 in the preparation of an areca nut product.

10. An areca product comprising the areca extract of claim 8.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of food, and in particular relates to an areca catechu extract and a preparation method and application thereof.

Background

Areca is a perennial evergreen tree of the Palmae family, and the fruit of areca is commonly known as Areca catechu. The betel nut contains various functional active ingredients such as alkaloid, polyphenol, coumaric acid, flavonoid, polysaccharide, protein, amino acid, fat and the like. In practical application, the betel nut is used for preparing medicinal materials or is prepared into edible betel nut chewable tablets, and people find that the chewing betel nut has a certain refreshing effect in the process of chewing the betel nut. However, betel nut is rich in crude fiber, and frequent chewing of betel nut can rub mucous membranes of oral cavity, which is easy to cause repeated trauma of mucous membranes, form local chronic injury and easily cause oral diseases.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the areca extract, the invention provides the areca extract, the preparation method and the application thereof, and the areca extract has the unique flavor of areca and better refreshing effect.

The technical scheme of the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows.

A method for preparing Arecae semen extract comprises the following steps:

mixing the betel nut with an alkali solution to obtain an betel nut mixture with a pH value of 7.5-10; the mass fraction of the alkali solution is 2-10%;

performing subcritical extraction on the betel nut mixture to obtain an extracting solution;

and (3) carrying out desolventizing treatment on the extracting solution, then carrying out impurity removal and odor removal, and drying.

In some embodiments, in the preparation method of the betel nut extract, the pH of the betel nut mixture is 7.5-9.

In some of the embodiments, in the method for preparing an extract of areca catechu, the alkaline solution is selected from at least one of a calcium hydroxide solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, and a potassium hydroxide solution.

In some embodiments, the solvent used in the subcritical extraction comprises at least one of propane, butane, dimethyl ether, and tetrafluoroethane.

In some embodiments, in the preparation method of the betel nut extract, the subcritical extraction temperature is 30-50 ℃, and the extraction time is 10-60 min.

In some embodiments, in the method for preparing an extract of areca catechu, the solvent used in the subcritical extraction further includes an entrainer, the entrainer is selected from at least one of ethanol, water and methanol, and the concentration of the entrainer is 50% to 100%.

In some embodiments, the step of removing impurities and odor is performed by adsorbing with an adsorbent selected from at least one of activated carbon, activated clay and diatomaceous earth.

In some embodiments, the method for preparing the extract of betel nut further comprises the following steps before the step of mixing the betel nut with the lye:

drying the betel nuts, and then crushing to obtain betel nut powder.

The invention also provides the betel nut extract which is prepared by the preparation method of the betel nut extract.

The invention also provides application of the betel nut extract in preparation of betel nut products.

The invention also provides an areca product comprising the areca extract.

Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the betel nut extract has the following beneficial effects:

according to the preparation method of the betel nut extract, the betel nut is mixed with the alkaline solution, then subcritical extraction is carried out, active ingredients with refreshing effect, such as alkaloid combined with tannic acid in the betel nut, are released by controlling the mass fraction of the alkaline solution and the pH value of the betel nut mixed solution after the betel nut is mixed with the alkaline solution, and meanwhile, the integrity of the active ingredients is ensured; the active ingredient is fully extracted by subcritical extraction, and the integrity of the active ingredient is further preserved; further removing peculiar smell impurities generated by the reaction of the areca and the alkali solution after mixing, so that the obtained areca extract is oily or viscous paste, has good stability, has special flavor of the areca and has better refreshing effect; can be widely applied to candies, beverages or added into foods such as betel nut products and the like, and can play a good refreshing role.

Detailed Description

The betel nut extract of the present invention, the preparation method thereof and the use thereof will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In the description of the present invention, "at least one" means one, two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

The weight of the related components mentioned in the description of the embodiments of the present invention may not only refer to the specific content of each component, but also represent the proportional relationship of the weight among the components, and therefore, the content of the related components is scaled up or down within the scope disclosed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention as long as it is in accordance with the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, the weight described in the description of the embodiment of the present invention may be a unit of mass known in the chemical industry field, such as μ g, mg, g, and kg.

One embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an extract from betel nut, comprising steps S20-S60.

Step S20: mixing the betel nut with an alkali solution to obtain an betel nut mixture with a pH value of 7.5-10; the mass fraction of the alkali solution is 2-10%.

Step S40: performing subcritical extraction on the mixed solution of Arecae semen to obtain extractive solution.

Step S60: and (4) carrying out desolventizing treatment on the extracting solution, then carrying out impurity removal and odor removal, and drying.

In some examples, before step S20, step S10 is further included.

Step S10: drying Arecae semen, and pulverizing to obtain Arecae semen powder.

It is understood that high speed mills may be used for comminution.

In some examples, the temperature of drying is 50 ℃ to 80 ℃ in step S10; optionally, the drying temperature is 55-70 ℃; preferably, the temperature of drying is 60 ℃.

In some examples, in step S10, the pulverized betel nut powder is sieved, and the aperture of the sieve is controlled to be 8-60 meshes; optionally, the mesh has a mesh size of 10-15 mesh.

It is understood that in some examples, in step S20, the mixture of betel nuts is semi-wet solid, and the amount of lye added is not more than 3 times the weight of the material.

In some examples, in step S20, the mass fraction of the alkali solution is 2% to 8%; optionally, preferably, the mass fraction of the alkali solution is 4% to 6%; the mass fraction of the alkali solution is 5%.

In some examples, in step S20, the alkali solution is selected from at least one of a calcium hydroxide solution, a sodium hydroxide solution, and a potassium hydroxide solution; optionally, the alkali solution is selected from at least one of a calcium hydroxide solution and a sodium hydroxide solution; preferably, the alkali solution is a calcium hydroxide solution. It is understood that calcium ions in calcium hydroxide can be complexed with tannic acid to generate precipitate which is insoluble in water and ethanol, so that alkaloid is prevented from being combined with tannic acid again, the alkaloid is more favorably released, and meanwhile, the tannic acid is prevented from being dissolved in an entrainer and extracted into the extract.

It can be understood that the betel nut in step S20 contains acidic components such as tannic acid, and the tannic acid content reaches 15 wt% -30 wt%, and the betel nut is brought to a specific pH by adding alkali liquor; when the betel nut liquid is mixed with the alkali solution, the adding amount of the alkali solution can be controlled by controlling the mass concentration of the alkali solution and the pH value of the betel nut mixed solution.

In some examples, in step S20, the pH of the betel nut mixture is 7.5-9. The pH value of the areca nut mixed liquor is controlled, so that active ingredients with refreshing effect and areca nut flavor are released, and the integrity of the active ingredients is ensured; when the betel nut is acidic, the alkaloid and the tannic acid are still in a combined state, the active ingredient alkaloid cannot be extracted, and the combined alkaloid has no refreshing effect; when the pH value of the betel nut mixed liquor is too large, on one hand, alkali liquor is wasted, the cost is increased, and in addition, partial alkaloid is hydrolyzed under the excessively high alkaline condition, so that the activity of target components is damaged.

In some examples, in step S20, the pH of the betel nut mixture is 7.5-8.5. Preferably, the pH value of the areca nut mixed liquor is 8.

In some examples, in step S40, the solvent used for subcritical extraction includes at least one of propane, butane, dimethyl ether, and tetrafluoroethane. It will be appreciated that the solvent employed for the subcritical extraction may be selected from one of propane, or one of butane, or one of dimethyl ether, or one of tetrafluoroethane, or two of propane and butane, or two of propane and dimethyl ether, or three of propane, butane and dimethyl ether, or three of propane, dimethyl ether and tetrafluoroethane, or three of butane, dimethyl ether and tetrafluoroethane, or three of propane, butane and tetrafluoroethane, or four of propane, butane, dimethyl ether and tetrafluoroethane.

Alternatively, the solvent used for subcritical extraction is selected from one of propane, or one of butane, or two of propane and butane, or one of dimethyl ether, or one of tetrafluoroethane.

In some preferred examples, the solvent used for subcritical extraction is selected from at least one of propane and butane; preferably, the solvent used for subcritical extraction is butane.

In some examples, in step S40, the temperature of the subcritical extraction is 30 ℃ to 50 ℃, and the time of the extraction is 10min to 100 min.

By controlling the temperature of the subcritical extraction, the pretreatment in the step S20 is combined with the subcritical low-temperature extraction mode, so that the active ingredient can be fully extracted, and the integrity of the active ingredient is maintained.

Optionally, the subcritical extraction temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the extraction time is 30-100 min; preferably, the temperature of the subcritical extraction is 40 ℃ and the time of the extraction is 30 min.

In some examples, in step S40, the subcritical extraction step further includes adding an entrainer. Optionally, the entrainer is selected from at least one of ethanol, methanol, and water; preferably, the entrainer is ethanol. It can be understood that when the entrainer is selected from water, the water is difficult to evaporate and remove at the later stage, and a part of alkaloid can be taken away; methanol is less safe than ethanol.

In some examples, in step S40, the concentration of the entrainer is 50% to 100%; optionally, the concentration of the entrainer is 60-80%; preferably, the concentration of entrainer is 70%.

It is understood that step S40 may be performed a plurality of times in order to extract the active ingredients from the betel nuts more fully; alternatively, the number of times of subcritical extraction is 2 or more, preferably 3 times.

In some examples, in step S40, the betel nut mixture obtained in step S20 is loaded into an extraction bag for subcritical extraction. It will be appreciated that the extraction bag may be a non-woven bag, a nylon monofilament filter bag or a stainless steel filter bag, but all have holes. Optionally, the aperture of the extraction bag is 100-300 meshes; in some specific examples, the extraction bag has a 200 mesh aperture.

In some examples, in step S60, the step of desolvation treatment specifically includes: opening a valve at the bottom of the extraction tank, pumping the extract into an evaporation desolventizing tank, opening a compressor, starting a jacket for heating, and removing the solvent.

In some examples, step S60 further includes recovering the solvent removed in the solvent removal step, so that the solvent can be recycled.

In some examples, in step S60, the step of removing impurities and odor is performed by adsorbing with an adsorbent selected from at least one of activated carbon, activated clay and diatomaceous earth.

It is understood that impurities with off-flavor are generated after the areca catechu and the alkali solution are mixed, and the impurities with off-flavor can be removed by using a specific adsorbent.

In some examples, in step S60, the adsorbent is used in an amount of not less than 0.5% by mass of the extract obtained after the desolvation treatment; optionally, the mass of the adsorbent is 0.5-1% of the mass of the extract obtained after the solvent removal treatment; in some specific examples, the adsorbent is used in an amount of 1% by mass of the extract obtained after the desolvation treatment.

In some examples, in step S60, the drying is vacuum drying.

In some examples, in step S60, the temperature of drying is not higher than 70 ℃; optionally, the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃; preferably, the temperature of drying is 60 ℃.

The active ingredients with refreshing effect and improving the flavor of the betel nut are fully extracted by mixing the betel nut with the alkali solution and then performing subcritical extraction, controlling the mass fraction of the alkali solution, the pH value of the betel nut mixed solution after mixing the betel nut with the alkali solution, and controlling the parameters such as the solvent, the temperature, the time, the drying temperature and the like in the subcritical extraction, and the synergy among the steps and the parameters keeps the integrity of the active ingredients. The Arecae semen extract prepared by the method is oily or viscous paste, has good stability, special flavor of Arecae semen, and good refreshing effect; can be widely applied to candies, beverages or added into foods such as betel nut products and the like, and can play a good refreshing role.

In addition, when the medicinal materials are prepared or the edible betel nut chewable tablets are prepared, a large amount of betel nut wastes such as betel nut stems, betel nut cores, crooked fruits, cracked fruits and the like are correspondingly generated, and the waste of the betel nut wastes causes waste of betel nut resources, simultaneously threatens environmental safety, and generates great cost pressure in the waste treatment process. The betel nut extract can take betel nut shells as raw materials and can also take betel nut leftover materials such as betel nut stems, betel nut cores, crooked fruits, cracked fruits and the like as raw materials, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of betel nut resources is effectively improved, the discharge of waste residues generated in the production of edible betel nuts is reduced, and the waste residue treatment cost of enterprises is reduced.

The invention provides an areca extract, which is prepared by the preparation method of the areca extract.

The Arecae semen extract has special flavor of Arecae semen and good refreshing effect.

An embodiment of the invention provides an application of the betel nut extract in preparing betel nut products.

One embodiment of the invention provides an areca product, which comprises the areca extract.

The areca product provided by the invention can be directly eaten, can also be used for making bread, cakes, biscuits, candies, chewing gum, milk tea and the like with the areca flavor, and can also be used for preparing areca chewing products to increase the areca flavor.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION

Hereinafter, the betel nut extract according to the present invention, the method for preparing the same, and the use thereof are exemplified, and it is understood that the betel nut extract according to the present invention, the method for preparing the same, and the use thereof are not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

(1) Preparing raw materials: collecting betel nut core waste generated in the process of producing edible betel nuts in a workshop;

(2) drying and crushing: putting the betel nut core waste in a 60 ℃ oven for 4h, crushing in a crusher, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain betel nut core powder;

(3) pretreatment: 5% by mass of Ca (OH) was prepared using ultrapure water₂Weighing 5kg of areca nut core powder prepared in the step (2) in the water solution, and slowly adding Ca (OH) while stirring₂Water solution is carried out until the pH value of the test material is adjusted to 8, and an areca nut core mixture is obtained;

(4) extraction: filling the betel nut mixture prepared in the step (3) into an extraction bag, putting the extraction bag into an extraction tank, sealing the extraction tank, setting the extraction temperature to be 40 ℃, adding 4 times of butane by volume and 70% of entrainer ethanol by mass into the extraction tank, extracting for 30min, and continuously extracting for three times to obtain an extracting solution;

(5) desolventizing: pumping the extracting solution prepared in the step (4) into an evaporating pot for solvent removal treatment to obtain an extracting material, and simultaneously recovering the evaporating solvent by using a compressor;

(6) adsorbing, removing impurities and removing smell: transferring the extract obtained in the step (5) to a deodorizing tank, adding 1 wt% of activated carbon into the extract, performing adsorption reaction at 60 ℃ and at a stirring speed of 60r/min for 30min, and filtering to obtain a deodorizing extract;

(7) and (3) drying: and (4) placing the odor removal extract obtained in the step (6) in a vacuum drying oven, and performing vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain the betel nut extract.

The betel nut extract prepared in example 1 is a slightly viscous brown extract, contains alkaloids and small-molecular polyphenols, and has a special flavor of betel nuts; the fat-reducing oil is rich in lauric acid and decanoic acid, belongs to medium-chain fatty acid, and the medium-chain fatty acid directly enters the liver from the vein in the form of fatty acid without being esterified again in intestinal cells, does not need to pass through a shuttle, is quickly and efficiently decomposed in the liver to generate energy, cannot be stored as fat, is fast in energy supply, and is beneficial to weight control and weight reduction.

Example 2

(1) Preparing raw materials: collecting betel nut core waste generated in the process of producing edible betel nuts in a workshop;

(2) drying and crushing: putting the betel nut core waste in a 60 ℃ oven for 4h, crushing in a crusher, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain betel nut core powder;

(3) pretreatment: 5% by mass of Ca (OH) was prepared using ultrapure water₂Weighing 5kg of areca nut core powder prepared in the step (2) in the water solution, and slowly adding Ca (OH) while stirring₂Water solution until the pH value of the test material is adjusted to 9 to obtain a betel nut mixture;

(4) extraction: filling the betel nut mixture prepared in the step (3) into an extraction bag, putting the extraction bag into an extraction tank, sealing the extraction tank, setting the extraction temperature to be 45 ℃, adding 4 times of volume of dimethyl ether and 70% of entrainer ethanol into the extraction tank, extracting for 30min, and continuously extracting for three times to obtain an extracting solution;

(5) desolventizing: pumping the extracting solution prepared in the step (4) into an evaporating pot for solvent removal treatment to obtain an extracting material, and simultaneously recovering the evaporating solvent by using a compressor;

(6) adsorbing, removing impurities and removing smell: transferring the extract obtained in the step (5) to a deodorizing tank, adding 1 wt% of activated carbon into the extract, performing adsorption reaction at 60 ℃ and at a stirring speed of 60r/min for 30min, and filtering to obtain a deodorizing extract;

(7) and (3) drying: and (4) evaporating the moisture of the odor removal extract obtained in the step (6) to dryness at 50 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator, then placing the dried extract in a vacuum drying box, and performing vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the betel nut extract.

The betel nut extract prepared in example 2 is a slightly viscous brown oily extract, has a special flavor of betel nuts, and is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, alkaloids, small-molecule polyphenols and the like.

Example 2 the solvent used for subcritical extraction is dimethyl ether, which has a dielectric constant higher than that of butane and shows a certain weak polarity at 30-50 ℃, so that water in the mixture of areca nuts enters the evaporation tank along with the solvent, the solvent is left in the extraction liquid after evaporation, and the extraction liquid needs to be dehydrated by rotary evaporation.

Example 3

(1) Preparing raw materials: collecting betel nut core waste generated in the process of producing edible betel nuts in a workshop;

(2) drying and crushing: putting the betel nut base waste in a 60 ℃ oven for 4h, crushing in a crusher, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain betel nut core powder;

(3) pretreatment: preparing a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5% by using ultrapure water, weighing 5kg of the betel nut core powder prepared in the step (2), slowly adding the NaOH aqueous solution while stirring until the pH value of the test material is adjusted to 8, and obtaining an betel nut mixture;

(4) extraction: filling the betel nut mixed liquor prepared in the step (3) into an extraction bag, putting the extraction bag into an extraction tank, sealing the extraction tank, setting the extraction temperature to be 40 ℃, adding 4 times of butane by volume and 70% of entrainer ethanol by mass into the extraction tank, extracting for 30min, and continuously extracting for three times to obtain an extracting solution;

(5) desolventizing: pumping the extracting solution prepared in the step (4) into an evaporating pot for solvent removal treatment to obtain an extracting material, and simultaneously recovering the evaporating solvent by using a compressor;

(6) adsorbing, removing impurities and removing smell: transferring the extract obtained in the step (5) to a deodorizing tank, adding 1 wt% of activated carbon into the extract, performing adsorption reaction at 60 ℃ and at a stirring speed of 60r/min for 30min, and filtering to obtain a deodorizing extract;

(7) and (3) drying: and (4) placing the odor removal extract obtained in the step (6) in a vacuum drying oven, and performing vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain the betel nut extract.

The betel nut extract prepared in example 3 is a relatively viscous brown extract, has a special flavor of betel nuts, and is rich in fatty acids with interrupted carbon chains, small-molecular polyphenols, alkaloids and the like.

Example 4

(1) Preparing raw materials: collecting betel nut pedicel waste generated in the process of producing edible betel nuts in a workshop;

(2) drying and crushing: putting the betel nut base waste into a 60 ℃ oven for 4 hours, crushing in a crusher, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain betel nut base powder;

(3) pretreatment: ca (OH) was prepared using ultrapure water in a mass fraction of 2%₂Weighing 5kg of areca calyx powder prepared in step (2), and slowly adding Ca (OH) while stirring₂Water solution until the pH value of the test material is adjusted to 7.5 to obtain areca calyx alkali liquor mixture;

(4) extraction: filling the betel nut mixture prepared in the step (3) into an extraction bag, putting the extraction bag into an extraction tank, sealing the extraction tank, setting the extraction temperature at 30 ℃, adding 4 times of butane by volume and 70% of entrainer ethanol by mass into the extraction tank, extracting for 100min, and continuously extracting for three times to obtain an extracting solution;

(5) desolventizing: pumping the extracting solution prepared in the step (4) into an evaporating pot for solvent removal treatment to obtain an extracting material, and simultaneously recovering the evaporating solvent by using a compressor;

(6) adsorbing, removing impurities and removing smell: transferring the extract obtained in the step (5) to a deodorizing tank, adding 1 wt% of activated carbon into the extract, performing adsorption reaction at 60 ℃ and at a stirring speed of 60r/min for 30min, and filtering to obtain a deodorizing extract;

(7) and (3) drying: and (4) placing the odor removal extract obtained in the step (6) in a vacuum drying oven, and performing vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain the betel nut extract.

The areca extract prepared in example 4 is a green or dark green slightly viscous extract, has a unique flavor of areca, and is rich in medium-chain fatty acids, small-molecular polyphenols, alkaloids and the like.

Example 5

(1) Preparing raw materials: collecting betel nut core waste generated in the process of producing edible betel nuts in a workshop;

(2) drying and crushing: putting the betel nut core waste in a 60 ℃ oven for 4h, crushing in a crusher, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain betel nut core powder;

(3) pretreatment: ca (OH) was prepared using ultrapure water in a proportion of 10% by mass₂Weighing 5kg of areca calyx powder prepared in step (2), and slowly adding Ca (OH) while stirring₂Water solution until the pH value of the test material is adjusted to 10 to obtain an areca nut core alkali liquor mixture;

(4) extraction: filling the betel nut core alkali liquor mixture prepared in the step (3) into an extraction bag, putting the extraction bag into an extraction tank, sealing the extraction tank, setting the extraction temperature to be 50 ℃, adding 4 times of butane by volume and 70% of entrainer ethanol by mass into the extraction tank, extracting for 50min, and continuously extracting for three times to obtain an extracting solution;

(5) desolventizing: pumping the extracting solution prepared in the step (4) into an evaporating pot for solvent removal treatment to obtain an extracting material, and simultaneously recovering the evaporating solvent by using a compressor;

(6) adsorbing, removing impurities and removing smell: transferring the extract obtained in the step (5) to a deodorizing tank, adding 1 wt% of activated carbon into the extract, performing adsorption reaction at 60 ℃ and at a stirring speed of 60r/min for 30min, and filtering to obtain a deodorizing extract;

(7) and (3) drying: and (4) placing the odor removal extract obtained in the step (6) in a vacuum drying oven, and performing vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain the betel nut extract.

The betel nut extract prepared in example 5 is brown oily extract, has a special flavor of betel nuts, and is rich in fatty acids with medium and short carbon chains, small-molecular polyphenols, alkaloids and the like.

Comparative example 1

(1) Preparing raw materials: collecting betel nut core waste generated in the process of producing edible betel nuts in a workshop;

(2) drying and crushing: putting the betel nut core waste in a 60 ℃ oven for 4h, crushing in a crusher, and sieving with a 10-mesh sieve to obtain betel nut core powder;

(3) pretreatment: slowly adding 10kg of ultrapure water into 5kg of betel nut core waste, and stirring, wherein the pH value of the extruded aqueous solution is 4.7;

(4) extraction: filling the betel nut core mixture prepared in the step (3) into an extraction bag, putting the extraction bag into an extraction tank, sealing the extraction tank, setting the extraction temperature to be 40 ℃, adding 4 times of butane by volume and 70% of entrainer ethanol by mass into the extraction tank, extracting for 30min, and continuously extracting for three times to obtain an extracting solution;

(5) adsorbing, removing impurities and removing smell: transferring the extract liquid obtained in the step (4) to a deodorizing tank, adding 1 wt% of activated carbon into the obtained extract, setting the adsorption reaction temperature at 60 ℃, stirring at 60r/min, performing adsorption reaction for 30min, and filtering to obtain a deodorizing extract;

(6) and (3) drying: and (4) placing the odor removal extract obtained in the step (5) in a vacuum drying oven, and performing vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 2h to obtain the betel nut extract.

Comparative example 2

Substantially the same as in example 2, except that Ca (OH) for adjusting pH in the step (3)₂The mass fraction of the alkali solution is 1 percent, and the test is carried outAdjusting the pH value of the material to 7;

the step (3) is specifically as follows:

(3) pretreatment: preparation of 1% by weight Ca (OH) Using ultrapure water₂Weighing 5kg of areca nut core powder prepared in the step (2) in the water solution, and slowly adding Ca (OH) while stirring₂And (5) carrying out water solution until the pH value of the test material is adjusted to be 7 to obtain the betel nut mixture.

Comparative example 3

Substantially the same as in example 2, except that Ca (OH) for adjusting pH in the step (3)₂The mass fraction of the alkali solution is 15 percent, and the pH value of the test material is 11; the step (3) is specifically as follows:

(3) pretreatment: ca (OH) was prepared using ultrapure water in a mass fraction of 15%₂Weighing 5kg of areca nut core powder prepared in the step (2) in the water solution, and slowly adding Ca (OH) while stirring₂And (5) carrying out water solution until the pH value of the test material is adjusted to be 11 to obtain the betel nut mixture.

Some parameters of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

The betelnut extracts obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for the content of arecoline and arecaidine, and the results are shown in table 2.

The areca catechu extracts obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were added to chewing gum at a content of 2 wt% to perform sensory evaluation of refreshing effect. Each piece of gum needs to be chewed fully for 2-5 minutes, each piece of gum is chewed for 5 minutes, and the gargling process is repeated for three times; grading according to refreshing grading standard after tasting one sample, and adjusting the score of the previous sample according to the comparison condition with the previous sample; the final score was an average score of 20 panelists for internal professional sensory evaluation, and the results are shown in table 2.

Scoring Standard

First-order (0-2.0 min): the refreshing effect is not obvious, and the feeling of excitement, facial fever or other manifestations can not be felt or only be weak;

second-stage (2.1-3.0 min): refreshing is general, and people can feel more definite face fever possibly accompanied with heartbeat acceleration or other expressions;

third-level (3.1-4.0 points): the refreshing is moderate, the face is obvious in fever, and the body is very clear in fever or heartbeat acceleration or other manifestations;

four stages (4.1 to 5.0 min): the refreshing effect is obvious, the heartbeat is accelerated obviously, and the fever blush spreads the whole body to generate heat or feels to begin to sweat, so the refreshing tea has obvious exciting feeling.

The betel nut extracts obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a gavage test, and distilled water was used as a blank control. The specific operation steps are as follows:

preparing 1mg/mg concentration samples from the betel nut extracts obtained in the examples 1-5 and the comparative examples 1-3 respectively by using distilled water; purchasing SPF-grade ICR mice which are all male mice and have the weight of 18-22 g, and binding a multifunctional mouse autonomous activity recorder on the legs of the mice; intragastric administration of mice: gavage a mouse at a weight of 0.2mL/10g to obtain a sample containing the extract of Areca catechu obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 or distilled water; the cumulative number of independent mouse activities within 5 minutes was recorded, 3 parallel groups were set, and the test results were averaged over 3 groups, as shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from Table 2, the betel nut extracts obtained in examples 1 to 5 have better refreshing effect than comparative examples 1 to 3. Wherein, the refreshing effect of the example 1 is relatively better than that of other examples; in the embodiment 2, the extraction solvent is dimethyl ether which has a high dielectric constant and shows a certain weak polarity at 30-50 ℃, water in the areca nut mixture enters the evaporation tank along with the solvent, and the solvent is remained in the extraction liquid after evaporation, so that the extraction liquid needs to be dehydrated through rotary evaporation, and part of refreshing active ingredients such as alkaloid and the like are lost in the dehydration process, so that the refreshing effect is reduced; example 3 the aqueous alkali is sodium hydroxide solution, sodium ions may not be able to complex with tannic acid in the betel nut to generate a precipitate; the lower pH of the mixture of example 4 may result in insufficient release of the alkaloids, while the higher pH of the mixture of example 5 may result in hydrolytic conversion of arecoline to arecoline, which is less refreshing than arecoline.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, so as to understand the technical solutions of the present invention specifically and in detail, but not to be understood as the limitation of the protection scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that the technical solutions provided by the present invention, which are obtained by logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments, are within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the invention is subject to the content of the appended claims, and the description can be used for explaining the content of the claims.