阅读说明：本技术 用于机翼上封闭盒体结构上蒙皮的引钻孔装置及制孔方法 (Drilling device and drilling method for upper skin of closed box structure on wing ) 是由 詹有河 贾朝定 唐姝妮 于 2021-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种用于机翼上封闭盒体结构上蒙皮的引钻孔装置,涉及飞机部件装配技术领域,包括设置有滑轨的装置本体,以及多个可在滑轨中移动的滑块组件,所述滑轨两侧的装置本体两侧各设置有一个定位块,所述定位块上开设有定位孔,所述滑块组件包括滑块、钻套和螺母,所述滑块、钻套和螺母中部可贯穿插销或钻头,还提供了使用该装置的制孔方法,解决了现有技术中无法准确对现有机翼上封闭盒体结构上蒙皮的进行引钻孔的问题,引钻孔装置结构简单、巧妙,使用方便,容易推广。(The invention discloses a hole guiding and drilling device for a skin on a closed box body structure on a wing, which relates to the technical field of aircraft component assembly and comprises a device body provided with a slide rail and a plurality of slide block assemblies capable of moving in the slide rail, wherein two sides of the device body on two sides of the slide rail are respectively provided with a positioning block, the positioning blocks are provided with positioning holes, each slide block assembly comprises a slide block, a drill bushing and a nut, the middle parts of the slide block, the drill bushing and the nut can penetrate through a bolt or a drill bit, and a hole manufacturing method using the device is further provided.)

1. A draw drilling equipment for covering on closed box body structure on wing, its characterized in that: the device comprises a device body (5.1) provided with a sliding rail (5.1.1) and a plurality of sliding block assemblies (5.2) capable of moving in the sliding rail (5.1.1), wherein two sides of the device body (5.1) at two sides of the sliding rail (5.1.1) are respectively provided with a positioning block (5.1.2), the positioning block (5.1.2) is provided with a positioning hole, each sliding block assembly (5.2) comprises a sliding block (5.2.1), a drill bushing (5.2.2) and a nut (5.2.3), and the middle parts of the sliding block (5.2.1), the drill bushing (5.2.2) and the nut (5.2.3) can penetrate through a bolt (4) or a drill bit.

2. The apparatus for drilling holes in the upper skin of a closed box structure on an airfoil according to claim 1, wherein: the slide rail (5.1.1) is of a long-strip-shaped arc structure, and the lower surface of the long-strip-shaped arc structure is consistent with the molded surface of the outer surface of the skin.

3. The apparatus for drilling holes in the upper skin of a closed box structure on an airfoil of claim 2, wherein: the sliding rail (5.1.1) comprises an upper small kidney-shaped groove (5.1.1.1) and a lower large kidney-shaped groove (5.1.1.2), the small kidney-shaped groove (5.1.1.1) and the large kidney-shaped groove (5.1.1.2) form a step structure, and the step structure is used for limiting the sliding block assembly (5.2) to move in the sliding rail (5.1.1).

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the drilling device comprises: through-hole (5.2.1.1) have been seted up at slider (5.2.1) middle part, through-hole (5.2.1.1) are used for installing drill bushing (5.2.2), slider (5.2.1) is from last to including little cylinder (5.2.1.2), little square column (5.2.1.3) and big square column (5.2.1.4) down, the center of little cylinder (5.2.1.2), little square column (5.2.1.3) and big square column (5.2.1.4) is on same straight line.

5. The apparatus for drilling holes in the upper skin of a closed box structure on an airfoil according to claim 4, wherein: the outer surface of the drill bushing (5.2.2) is tightly matched with the through hole (5.2.1.1), and the hole of the drill bushing (5.2.2) is used for allowing a drill bit or a bolt (4) to pass through.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the drilling device comprises: the small square column (5.2.1.3) is matched with the small kidney-shaped groove (5.1.1.1) in width, and the small square column (5.2.1.3) can slide relatively in the small kidney-shaped groove (5.1.1.1).

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the drilling device comprises: the width of the large square column (5.2.1.4) is smaller than that of the large kidney-shaped groove (5.1.1.2), and the width difference between the large square column (5.2.1.4) and the small square column (5.2.1.3) forms a limiting surface (6).

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the drilling device comprises: the small cylinder (5.2.1.2) is externally provided with threads and is used for being connected with the nut (5.2.3).

9. A method for making a hole in a pilot hole device, using the pilot hole device of claim 8, comprising the steps of:

a. preparing a semi-closed box body (1) and an upper skin (2) which comprise a lower skin (1.1), a beam (1.2) and a rib (1.3) on a wing to be drilled, scribing a row wiring (1.3.1) on an upper bent edge (1.2.1) of the rib (1.3) of the box body, determining the drilling position and the number of hole sites on the row wiring (1.3.1), and drilling a primary hole according to the hole sites;

b. then, a drilling device (5) of the sliding block assemblies (5.2) with the same number as the hole positions is selected, the drilling device (5) is installed on the upper bent edge (1.2.1) of the rib (1.3), the nuts (5.2.3) on the sliding block assemblies (5.2) are loosened, so that the sliding block assemblies (5.2) can slide in the small kidney-shaped grooves (5.1.1.1), two sliding block assemblies (5.2) are moved, and two bolts (4) penetrate through holes (5.2.1.1) of the two sliding block assemblies (5.2) and then are inserted into corresponding initial holes;

c. longitudinally moving the device body (5.1), adjusting the position until the positioning block (5.1.2) is matched with the rib (1.3), drilling a hole to a lug (3) on a beam (1.2) of the semi-closed box body (1) through a positioning hole on the positioning block (5.1.2), and fixing the drilling device (5) and the semi-closed box body (1) through the positioning block (5.1.2) by a positioning pin;

d. moving the other sliding block components (5.2), inserting the sliding block components (5.2) into other primary holes on the upper bent edge (1.2.1) through the sliding block components (5.2) by using bolts (4), screwing nuts (5.2.3) and fixing the sliding block components (5.2) in the small kidney-shaped grooves (5.1.1.1);

e. the positioning pins on all the bolts (4) and the positioning blocks (5.1.2) in the track are dismounted, the guiding and drilling device (5) is taken down, the upper skin (2) is positioned on the semi-closed box body (1), the guiding and drilling device (5) is installed on the completely closed wing box (7) again, the positioning blocks (5.1.2) of the device body (5.1) are fixed by the two positioning pins, and finally, a drill bit is used for drilling holes in the upper skin (2) through the inner holes of the drill bushing (5.2.2) of the sliding block assembly (5.2).

10. A method of making a hole in a pilot hole assembly according to claim 9, wherein: in the step b, the two moving slide block assemblies (5.2) are two slide block assemblies (5.2) at the head and the tail in the slide rail (5.1.1); in the step c, lug pieces (3) matched with the positioning blocks (5.1.2) in size are arranged on the folded edges of the beams (1.2) on the semi-closed box body (1) and are used for positioning after being fixed with the positioning blocks (5.1.2), and positioning holes in the lug pieces (3) are led out from positioning holes in the positioning blocks (5.1.2) at two ends of the device body (5.1) after the position is adjusted.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aircraft component assembly, in particular to a hole drilling device and a hole drilling method for an upper skin of an upper closed box structure of a wing, which are particularly suitable for drilling holes on an upper skin connecting piece of the wing in a closed state in a small aircraft.

Background

In the assembly of airplane parts, particularly on a closed wing upper skin connecting piece in a small airplane, in order to ensure the requirement of the minimum margin from a connecting piece hole to a part edge, most of the methods adopt a manual hole making process, and the specific process steps are as follows: firstly, scribing and punching a part with a required edge distance, and then carrying out hole leading operation on the other part.

The manual hole making process can really meet the assembly requirements for the previous structural design, and along with the development of composite material technology, in the existing wing of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the lower skin, the beam and the rib part are structurally designed into an integral structure and then combined with the upper skin into a semi-closed part, so that the shape of the semi-closed part tends to be a box-shaped structure. In such a structure, the upper bent edge and the upper skin in the rib structure need to be drilled and fixed, but the structure with the lower skin, the beam and the rib integrated cannot adopt the previous operation method of drilling the upper skin through the holes in the rib after the lower skin is detached.

If the holes are drilled from the outer part of the upper skin to the upper bent edge of the rib, the position condition of the rib cannot be observed due to the blocking of the upper skin, so that the manufactured holes cannot be ensured to meet the assembly requirement, and the whole structure of the airplane has potential safety hazards.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hole guiding and drilling device and a hole making method for a skin on a closed box body structure on a wing, which solve the problem that the skin on the closed box body structure on the wing cannot be accurately guided and drilled in the prior art, and have the advantages of simple and ingenious structure, convenience in use and easiness in popularization.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a draw drilling equipment that is used for covering on closed box body structure on wing, is including the device body that is provided with the slide rail to and a plurality of slider assembly that can remove in the slide rail, the device body both sides of slide rail both sides respectively are provided with a locating piece, the locating hole has been seted up on the locating piece, slider assembly includes slider, drill bushing and nut, bolt or drill bit can be run through in slider, drill bushing and nut middle part.

Further, the slide rail is of a long strip-shaped arc-shaped structure, and the lower surface of the long strip-shaped arc-shaped structure is consistent with the molded surface of the outer surface of the skin.

Further, the slide rail comprises a small kidney-shaped groove at the upper part and a large kidney-shaped groove at the lower part, the small kidney-shaped groove and the large kidney-shaped groove form a step structure, and the step structure is used for limiting the slide block assembly to move in the slide rail.

Further, the through-hole has been seted up at the slider middle part, the through-hole is used for installing the drill bushing, the slider is from last to including little cylinder, little square column and big square column down, the center of little cylinder, little square column and big square column is on same straight line.

Further, the outer surface of the drill bushing is tightly matched with the through hole, and the hole of the drill bushing is used for allowing a drill bit or a bolt to pass through.

Further, the width of the small square column is matched with the small kidney-shaped groove, and the small square column can slide in the small kidney-shaped groove relatively.

Furthermore, the width of the large square column is smaller than that of the large kidney-shaped groove, and a limiting surface is formed by the width difference between the large square column and the small square column.

Further, the small cylinder is externally threaded and is used for being connected with a nut.

A hole drilling method of a pilot hole drilling device is used, and the pilot hole drilling device comprises the following steps:

a. preparing a semi-closed box body and an upper skin which comprise a lower skin, a beam and a rib on the wing to be drilled, scribing row wiring on the upper bent edge of the rib of the box body, determining the drilling position and the number of hole sites on the wiring, and drilling a primary hole according to the hole site;

b. then, selecting a drilling device with the same number of the sliding block components as the hole positions, installing the drilling device on the upper bent edge of the rib, loosening the nut on the sliding block components to enable the sliding block components to slide in the small kidney-shaped groove, moving two of the sliding block components, and inserting two bolts into corresponding initial holes after penetrating through the through holes of the two sliding block components;

c. longitudinally moving the device body, adjusting the position until the positioning block is matched with the rib, drilling a hole to the lug piece on the semi-closed box body beam through the positioning hole on the positioning block, and fixing the drilling device and the semi-closed box body through the positioning block by using the positioning pin;

d. moving the other sliding block components, respectively inserting the sliding block components into other primary holes on the upper bent edge by using bolts through the sliding block components, and screwing nuts to fix the sliding block components in the small kidney-shaped grooves;

e. and detaching all the bolts in the track and the positioning pins on the positioning blocks, taking down the drilling device, positioning the upper skin on the semi-closed box body, then installing the drilling device on the completely closed wing box body again, fixing the positioning blocks of the device body by using the two positioning pins, and finally drilling the upper skin by using a drill bit through the inner hole of the drill bushing of the sliding block assembly.

Further, in the step b, the two moving slide block assemblies are two head and tail slide block assemblies in the slide rail; in the step c, lugs matched with the positioning blocks in size are arranged on the folded edges of the beams on the semi-closed box body and are used for positioning after being fixed with the positioning blocks, and the positioning holes in the lugs are led out from the positioning holes in the positioning blocks at the two ends of the device body after the position is adjusted.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the drilling device in the technical scheme is adopted, the problem that the skin on the closed box body structure on the existing wing cannot be accurately drilled in the prior art can be solved, when the drilling device is used, the punching position and the punching number on the semi-closed box body are firstly determined, then the drilling device with the corresponding number of sliding block assemblies is selected to determine the punching position, then the device is taken down, after the skin is installed, the skin is finally drilled according to the position of the positioning block and the determined position of the sliding block assembly, the drilling device is ingenious in structure and convenient to use, and meanwhile, drilled holes can also meet the requirement for meeting the assembly requirement.

In the invention, the slide rail is of a long strip-shaped arc structure, the lower surface of the long strip-shaped arc structure is consistent with the molded surface of the outer surface of the skin, the radian difference of the molded surface of the outer surface of the skin is not large in the skin box body structure of the airplane wing, and the lower surface of the slide rail is designed into a long strip-shaped arc structure and is consistent with the molded surface of the skin, so that the slide rail can be fully contacted with the molded surface of the skin, and the drilling precision is ensured.

Thirdly, the sliding rail comprises a small kidney-shaped groove at the upper part and a large kidney-shaped groove at the lower part, the small kidney-shaped groove and the large kidney-shaped groove form a step structure, and the step structure is also convenient for limiting the sliding block assembly to move in the sliding rail.

In the invention, the middle part of the sliding block is provided with a through hole for mounting a drill bushing, the sliding block comprises a small cylinder, a small square column and a large square column from top to bottom, the centers of the small cylinder, the small square column and the large square column are on the same straight line, so that the sliding block is conveniently limited in a sliding rail, the sliding block can move in the sliding rail, and the position difference requirement of the initial hole formed by manually marking and drilling on the bent edge on the wing rib of different frames is met.

In the invention, the outer surface of the drill bushing is tightly matched with the through hole, so that the whole sliding block assembly is of an integral structure, and the hole of the drill bushing is used for passing through a drill bit or a bolt, namely used for assisting in drilling a preliminary hole or accurately drilling a hole.

Sixthly, the width of the small square column is matched with the small kidney-shaped groove, the small square column can slide in the small kidney-shaped groove relatively, and smooth sliding of the small square column in the small kidney-shaped groove can be guaranteed.

Seventhly, in the invention, the width of the large square column is smaller than that of the large kidney-shaped groove, and the width difference between the large square column and the small square column forms a limiting surface, so as to ensure that the whole sliding block assembly normally moves in the sliding rail.

Eighthly, in the invention, the small cylinder is externally provided with threads for connecting with a nut, so that the whole sliding block assembly is convenient to fasten.

Ninth, in the invention, the hole making method of the hole guiding and drilling device in the scheme is adopted and matched with the corresponding hole guiding and drilling device, so that the drilled hole can be ensured to meet the precision requirement.

Tenthly, in the invention, in the step b, the two moving slide block assemblies are two slide block assemblies such as a head slide block assembly and a tail slide block assembly in the slide rail, so that the distance between the two slide block assemblies is far, the fixing effect is better, and the offset error is smaller; in the step c, the lug matched with the positioning block in size is arranged on the folded edge of the beam on the semi-closed box body and is used for positioning after being fixed with the positioning block, the lug is easy to remove after being used, and normal processing and assembly are not influenced.

Drawings

Figure 1 is an assembly view of a closed wing box of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows a perspective view of the drilling device.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the device body of the drill device.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a half-closed case body with a scribed primary hole.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the drilling device mounted on the semi-closed box body.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 5.

Figure 7 is a schematic view of the drill guide mounted on a wing box in a closed condition.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 7

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the slider.

Wherein, 1, a semi-closed box body; 2. covering the skin; 3. a tab; 4. a bolt; 5. a drilling device is guided; 6. a limiting surface; 7. a wing box; 8. a connecting member; 1.1, lower skin; 1.2, a beam; 1.3, ribs; 1.2.1, bending edges upwards; 1.3.1, arranging lines; 5.1, a device body; 5.2, a sliding block component; 5.1.1, a slide rail; 5.1.2, positioning blocks; 5.2.1, a sliding block; 5.2.2, a drill bushing; 5.2.3, nut; 5.1.1.1, small kidney-shaped groove; 5.1.1.2, large kidney slot; 5.2.1.1, through holes; 5.2.1.2, small cylinder; 5.2.1.3, small square column; 5.2.1.4, large square column; 5.1.2.1, locating holes.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example 1

A drilling device for an upper skin of a closed box structure on a wing relates to the technical field of aircraft component assembly, and is characterized by referring to figures 1-3, and comprises a device body 5.1 provided with a slide rail 5.1.1 and a plurality of slide block assemblies 5.2 capable of moving in the slide rail 5.1.1, wherein two sides of the device body 5.1 on two sides of the slide rail 5.1.1 are respectively provided with a positioning block 5.1.2, the positioning block 5.1.2 is provided with a positioning hole, each slide block assembly 5.2 comprises a slide block 5.2.1, a drill bushing 5.2.2 and a nut 5.2.3, and the middle parts of the slide block 5.2.1, the drill bushing 5.2.2 and the nut 5.2.3 can penetrate through a bolt 4 or a drill bit.

This embodiment is the most basic embodiment, has solved among the prior art can't be accurate to the problem that draws drilling to sealing box body structural upper skin 2 on the current wing, draws drilling equipment 5 simple structure, ingenious, convenient to use promotes easily.

In practical application, the positioning block 5.1.2 can adopt other fixing parts capable of fixing the drilling device 5, for example, two positioning blocks 5.1.2 can be adopted, and then the positioning pin is used for fixing and positioning in a hinge mode.

The hole-leading and drilling device is particularly suitable for small airplanes, unmanned planes and other types, and the wing boxes of the types are small in size and inconvenient to use large workpieces to carry out auxiliary hole making. By using the drilling device 5, the drilled holes can be ensured to meet the assembly precision requirement.

Example 2

A drilling device for an upper skin of a closed box structure on a wing relates to the technical field of aircraft component assembly, and is characterized by referring to figures 1-3, and comprises a device body 5.1 provided with a slide rail 5.1.1 and a plurality of slide block assemblies 5.2 capable of moving in the slide rail 5.1.1, wherein two sides of the device body 5.1 on two sides of the slide rail 5.1.1 are respectively provided with a positioning block 5.1.2, the positioning block 5.1.2 is provided with a positioning hole, each slide block assembly 5.2 comprises a slide block 5.2.1, a drill bushing 5.2.2 and a nut 5.2.3, and the middle parts of the slide block 5.2.1, the drill bushing 5.2.2 and the nut 5.2.3 can penetrate through a bolt 4 or a drill bit.

The embodiment is a more preferable embodiment, and further, the slide rail 5.1.1 is an elongated arc-shaped structure, and the lower surface of the elongated arc-shaped structure is consistent with the profile of the outer surface of the skin.

Example 3

This embodiment is different from embodiment 1-2 in that the slide rail 5.1.1 includes an upper small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1 and a lower large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2, and the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1 and the large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2 form a step structure for limiting the movement of the slider assembly 5.2 in the slide rail 5.1.1.

Example 4

Compared with the embodiments 1-3, the difference of this embodiment is that the through hole 5.2.1.1 has been seted up at the middle part of slider 5.2.1, the through hole 5.2.1.1 is used for installing drill bushing 5.2.2, slider 5.2.1 is from last to including small circle post 5.2.1.2, little square column 5.2.1.3 and big square column 5.2.1.4 down, the center of small circle post 5.2.1.2, little square column 5.2.1.3 and big square column 5.2.1.4 is on same straight line.

Example 5

This embodiment is compared to embodiments 1-4 with the difference that the outer surface of the drill sleeve 5.2.2 is tightly fitted with a through hole 5.2.1.1, the hole of the drill sleeve 5.2.2 being intended for the passage of a drill bit or a bolt 4.

Example 6

This embodiment is different from embodiments 1-5 in that the small square pillar 5.2.1.3 has a width matching the small kidney-shaped slot 5.1.1, and the small square pillar 5.2.1.3 can slide relatively in the small kidney-shaped slot 5.1.1.1.

Example 7

This embodiment is different from embodiments 1 to 6 in that the width of the large square column 5.2.1.4 is smaller than the width of the large kidney groove 5.1.1.2, and the difference in width between the large square column 5.2.1.4 and the small square column 5.2.1.3 forms the stopper surface 6.

Example 8

This embodiment is compared to embodiments 1-7 with the difference that the small cylinder 5.2.1.2 is externally threaded for connection with the nut 5.2.3.

Example 9

A drilling device for an upper skin of a closed box structure on a wing relates to the technical field of aircraft component assembly, and comprises a device body 5.1 provided with a slide rail 5.1.1 and a plurality of slide block assemblies 5.2 capable of moving in the slide rail 5.1.1 according to 1-9, wherein two sides of the device body 5.1 at two sides of the slide rail 5.1.1 are respectively provided with a positioning block 5.1.2, the positioning block 5.1.2 is provided with a positioning hole, each slide block assembly 5.2 comprises a slide block 5.2.1, a drill bushing 5.2.2 and a nut 5.2.3, and the middle parts of the slide block 5.2.1, the drill bushing 5.2.2 and the nut 5.2.3 can penetrate through a bolt 4 or a drill bit.

Further, the slide rail 5.1.1 is a long-strip-shaped arc-shaped structure, and the lower surface of the long-strip-shaped arc-shaped structure is consistent with the molded surface of the outer surface of the skin.

Further, the slide rail 5.1.1 comprises an upper small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1 and a lower large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2, and the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1 and the large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2 form a step structure for limiting the movement of the slide block assembly 5.2 in the slide rail 5.1.1.

Further, through-hole 5.2.1.1 has been seted up at slider 5.2.1 middle part, through-hole 5.2.1.1 is used for installing drill bushing 5.2.2, slider 5.2.1 is from last to including small circle post 5.2.1.2, little square column 5.2.1.3 and big square column 5.2.1.4 down, the center of small circle post 5.2.1.2, little square column 5.2.1.3 and big square column 5.2.1.4 is on same straight line.

Further, the outer surface of the drill bushing 5.2.2 is tightly fitted with a through hole 5.2.1.1, and the hole of the drill bushing 5.2.2 is used for passing through a drill bit or a bolt 4.

Further, the small square column 5.2.1.3 has a width matching with the small kidney slot 5.1.1.1, and the small square column 5.2.1.3 can slide relatively in the small kidney slot 5.1.1.1.

Further, the width of the large square column 5.2.1.4 is smaller than that of the large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2, and the width difference between the large square column 5.2.1.4 and the small square column 5.2.1.3 forms a limiting surface 6.

Further, the small cylinder 5.2.1.2 is externally threaded for connection with a nut 5.2.3.

Example 10

The embodiment takes hole sites of 8 connecting pieces for manufacturing the upper skin 2 of the wing of a small unmanned aerial vehicle as an example. The wing box 7 after complete closing is 500mm wide and 250mm thick, and is a closed structure composed of a semi-closed box body 1 and an upper skin 2, wherein the semi-closed box body 1 comprises a lower skin 1.1, a beam 1.2 and a rib 1.3, a connecting piece between the upper skin 2 and the rib 1.3 is a self-plugging rivet with the diameter of 4mm, and referring to fig. 1-9, the semi-closed box body 1 is an inseparable integral piece composed of the lower skin 1.1 and the beam 1.2 which are made of composite materials. As was done in the previous assembly method, no desired holes can be made between the ribs 1.3 and the upper skin 2.

By adopting the drilling device 5 in embodiment 9, the device body 5.1 is a long strip arc structure, two ends of the device body are respectively provided with a positioning block 5.1.2 with a diameter of 30mm × 60mm × 60mm, the center of the positioning block 5.1.2 is provided with a positioning hole with a diameter of 10mm, the middle of the two positioning blocks 5.1.2 is a device body 5.1 part with a square cross-sectional dimension of 30mm × 40mm, the arc lower surface of the device body 5.1 is consistent with the profile of the outer surface of the upper skin 2, the middle of the device body 5.1 is provided with a small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.1 and a large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2, the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1 is 12mm wide, the large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2 is 19mm wide, a step surface is formed between the large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2 and the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.1, and the slider assembly 5.2 can slide and be fixed in the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.1.

The sliding block assembly 5.2 comprises a sliding block 5.2.1, a drill bush 5.2.2 and a nut 5.2.3, and the number of the sliding block assemblies 5.2 required in the embodiment is also 8, which is consistent with the number of holes on the upper bent edge 1.2.1. The sliding block 5.2.1 comprises a large square column 5.2.1.4, a small square column 5.2.1.3 and a cylinder, and the middle small square column 5.2.1.3 is 12mm wide; the small square column 5.2.1.3 has the same width with the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1, and forms H10/d9 sliding fit with the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1; the width of the lower square column 5.2.1.4 is 18mm, which is smaller than the width 19mm of the large kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.2, and the width difference between the large square column 5.2.1.4 and the small square column 5.2.1.3 forms a limiting surface 6; the outer surface of the uppermost cylinder is provided with an external thread M12 for screwing with the nut 5.2.3.

The middle part of the slide block 5.2.1 is provided with a through hole 5.2.1.1 with the axial diameter of 12mm, and the through hole is a mounting hole of the drill bushing 5.2.2. The middle of the sliding block component 5.2 is provided with a drill bushing 5.2.2, the drill bushing 5.2.2 is a hollow ring with the size of phi 12mm multiplied by phi 3mm multiplied by 44mm, the outer surface of the drill bushing 5.2.2 and a through hole 5.2.1.1 in the middle of the sliding block 5.2.1 form a tight fit of H7/m6, and the phi 3mm hole in the middle of the drill bushing 5.2.2 is consistent with the size of a primary hole manufactured by the upper bent edge 1.2.1. When the hole position is guided by the drilling device 5, the hole in the middle of the drill bushing 5.2.2 is a through hole of the bolt 4; when drilling with the drill device 5, the hole in the middle of the drill bushing 5.2.2 is the through hole of the drill bit.

The nut 5.2.3 is a standard part GB6172-M12, and the size of the nut 5.2.3 is consistent with that of the thread of the sliding block 5.2.1. The slider assembly 5.2 is movable within the small kidney slot 5.1.1.1 when the nut 5.2.3 is loosened, and the slider assembly 5.2 is fixable within the small kidney slot 5.1.1.1 when the nut 5.2.3 is tightened.

The drilling of the upper skin 2 of the closed wing box 7 using the above described pilot drilling device 5 comprises the following steps:

a. when the semi-closed box body 1 is manufactured, 2 square lugs 3 with the diameter of 60mm multiplied by 70mm are reserved at the bent edge part of a beam 1.2, the semi-closed box body 1 and an upper skin 2 which comprise a lower skin 1.1, a beam 1.2 and a rib 1.3 on a wing to be drilled are prepared, a distribution line 1.3.1 is marked on the upper bent edge 1.2.1 of the rib 1.3 of the box body, the drilling position and the hole site number are determined on the distribution line 1.3.1, and then 8 primary holes with the diameter of 3mm are drilled according to the hole sites;

b. selecting a drilling device 5 with the same number of the slide block components 5.2 as the hole positions, installing the drilling device 5 on the upper bent edge 1.2.1 of the rib 1.3, loosening the nuts 5.2.3 on the slide block components 5.2 to ensure that the slide block components 5.2 can slide in the small kidney-shaped groove 5.1.1.1, moving the head and the tail slide block components 5.2, and inserting two bolts 4 into corresponding primary holes after penetrating through the through holes 5.2.1.1 of the two slide block components 5.2;

c. longitudinally moving the device body 5.1, adjusting the position to a positioning block 5.1.2 matched with the rib 1.3, drilling a hole with the diameter of 10mm to a lug 3 on a beam 1.2 of the semi-closed box body 1 through a positioning hole on the positioning block 5.1.2, and fixing the drilling device 5 and the semi-closed box body 1 through the positioning block 5.1.2 by a positioning pin with the diameter of 10 mm;

d. moving the other sliding block components 5.2, inserting the sliding block components 5.2 into other primary holes on the upper bent edge 1.2.1 through the sliding block components 5.2 by using bolts 4 respectively, and screwing nuts 5.2.3 to fix the sliding block components 5.2 in the small kidney-shaped grooves 5.1.1;

e. the 8 bolts 4 in the track and the 2 positioning pins on the positioning blocks 5.1.2 are dismounted, the leading and drilling device 5 is taken down, the upper skin 2 is positioned on the semi-closed box body 1, the leading and drilling device 5 is installed on the completely closed wing box 7 again, the positioning blocks 5.1.2 of the device bodies 5.1 are fixed by the two positioning pins, finally, a drill bit with the diameter of 3mm is used for drilling holes on the upper skin 2 through the inner hole of the drill bushing 5.2.2 of the sliding block component 5.2, and the manufactured hole positions are completely consistent with the hole positions on the upper bent edge 1.2.1 of the rib 1.3.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.