阅读说明：本技术 电池包和电动汽车 (Battery pack and electric automobile ) 是由 张永明 李志鑫 丁勋峰 陆文浩 谭晶 于 2020-04-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种电池包,包括托盘、外侧挡板和行间挡板,外侧挡板安装至托盘且包围形成容置空间,行间挡板收容在容置空间内且安装至托盘,行间挡板将容置空间分隔为至少两行子空间,各子空间用于收容排列一行的电芯,行间挡板远离托盘的一端为顶端,顶端设有电芯限位结构,电芯限位结构压覆于电芯的上端面。本申请的电池包由可拆卸的托盘、外侧挡板以及带有电芯限位结构的行间挡板,在保证电芯固定安装的同时,避免了焊接、胶粘等连接方式,便于电池包的安装和拆卸。(The invention discloses a battery pack which comprises a tray, an outer side baffle and an inter-row baffle, wherein the outer side baffle is installed on the tray and surrounds the tray to form an accommodating space, the inter-row baffle is accommodated in the accommodating space and installed on the tray, the accommodating space is divided into at least two sub-spaces by the inter-row baffle, each sub-space is used for accommodating and arranging a row of battery cells, one end of the inter-row baffle, which is far away from the tray, is a top end, the top end is provided with a battery cell limiting structure, and the battery cell limiting structure is pressed on the upper end face of each battery cell. The battery package of this application is by detachable tray, outside baffle and have electric core limit structure's the inter-row baffle, when guaranteeing electric core fixed mounting, has avoided connection mode such as welding, sticky, the installation and the dismantlement of the battery package of being convenient for.)

1. The utility model provides a battery pack, its characterized in that, includes tray, outside baffle and the row baffle, the outside baffle install extremely the tray just surrounds and forms the accommodation space, the row baffle is acceptd in the accommodation space and install extremely the tray, the row baffle will the accommodation space is separated for two at least line subspaces, each the subspace is used for acceping and arranges electric core of a line, the row baffle is kept away from the one end of tray is the top, the top is equipped with electric core limit structure, electric core limit structure press cover in the up end of electric core.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cell retaining structure extends from the top end toward an interior of the subspace.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the top end surface is provided with a mounting groove, a through hole is formed in the bottom surface of the mounting groove, and the tray is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the through hole for fixedly connecting the inter-row baffle and the tray.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the tray includes a stopper beam disposed opposite to the inter-row stopper, a bottom end surface of the inter-row stopper is butted against a beam end surface of the stopper beam, and the screw hole is opened in the beam end surface.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein a cold liquid plate is disposed between the battery core and the tray, and the cold liquid plate is provided with a limiting through hole corresponding to the limiting beam and used for fixing and mounting the cold liquid plate.

6. The battery pack according to claim 5, wherein the cold liquid plate includes a main pipe and branch pipes communicating with the main pipe, the main pipe extends in a direction perpendicular to the inter-row baffles, and the branch pipes extend in a direction coincident with the inter-row baffles.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, wherein the main pipe coincides with a central axis of the cold liquid plate, the main pipe is perpendicular to the limiting through hole and divides the limiting through hole into two sub limiting through holes, the limiting beam corresponding to the limiting through hole is also equally divided into two sub limiting beams, and the sub limiting beams are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the main pipe when the cold liquid plate is mounted on the tray.

8. The battery pack of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the outer barrier comprises a first barrier parallel to the row barrier and a second barrier perpendicular to the row barrier, and a pressure sensing structure is disposed between each row of the cells and the second barrier.

9. The battery pack of claim 8, wherein the pressure detecting structure comprises two pressure plates sandwiching the pressure detector, and the two pressure plates are respectively attached to the battery core and the second baffle.

10. An electric vehicle comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a battery pack, a battery module and an electric automobile.

Background

The traditional battery pack adopts a hierarchical mode of cell-module-battery pack, the cells form modules, and then the modules are installed on a tray, so that the battery pack is formed. Usually electric core with enclose establish between its curb plate around it through the structural adhesive bonding fixed, through welded fastening between curb plate and the curb plate to constitute battery module. From the assembly sequence, the battery cores form modules, and then the modules are assembled into a battery pack, so that the assembly efficiency is low; from the cost perspective, the module assembly needs to use components such as end plates, side plates and the like, and welding processes and the like, so that the effects of cost reduction and efficiency improvement cannot be achieved; from the market perspective, the battery module that the electricity core is constituteed is fixed through welding, bonding, and unable dismantlement, this is to the production line repair of battery package, is repaired after sale and is caused very big difficulty, extravagant cost. More importantly, such a module is not conducive to battery recycling and echelon applications, and will lose a wide battery echelon application market.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of this application is to provide a battery package convenient to dismantle, through tray, outside baffle and the row-to-row baffle that has electric core limit structure, when guaranteeing electric core fixed mounting, avoided welding, sticky equal non-detachable connected mode.

On the one hand, this application provides a battery pack, baffle between including tray, outside baffle and line, outside baffle installation extremely the tray just surrounds formation accommodation space, the baffle is acceptd between the line just detachable installs extremely in the accommodation space the tray, the baffle will between the line the accommodation space is separated for two at least line subspaces, each the subspace is used for acceping the electric core of arranging one line, the baffle is kept away from between the line the one end of tray is the top, the top is equipped with electric core limit structure, electric core limit structure press cover in the up end of electric core. The tray, the outer side baffles and the inter-row baffles in the embodiment form a subspace capable of accommodating multiple rows of battery cells, and therefore the advantage of the design is that on one hand, the battery cell limiting structures of the inter-row baffles and the tray limit and fix the battery cells together in the height direction of the battery cells; on the other hand is baffle and tray between the line and belongs to demountable installation, when needs are changed partial electric core, only need with the baffle dismantlement between the line that corresponds, then replace the electric core that has the problem can. If adopt traditional battery module technique, because the existence of connection technology such as welding, the whole of a splittable is formed to problem electricity core and intact electricity core, just must change whole battery module when needing to change problem electricity core, has greatly increased cost of manufacture and repair cost.

In one embodiment, the cell limiting structure is formed by extending from the top end to the inner direction of the subspace. And the battery cell limiting structure extending from the top end to the inner direction of the subspace is matched with the tray, so that the change of the battery cell in the height direction of the battery cell is avoided, when the battery cell is required to be replaced, only the inter-row baffle is required to be detached, and the battery cell limiting structure is not pressed on the upper end face of the battery cell any more.

In one embodiment, the end surface of the top end is provided with a mounting groove, a through hole is formed in the bottom surface of the mounting groove, and the tray is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the through hole and used for fixedly connecting the inter-row baffle and the tray. The design of mounting groove lies in reducing the degree of depth of through-hole, improves and dismantles efficiency. In the embodiment, the design of through-hole lies in the screw hole butt joint with the tray, and the bolt of being convenient for is screwed the installation, if do not set up mounting groove, then the through-hole just need run through whole height of going the interval baffle, leads to the hole depth of through-hole to increase, can bring obvious inconvenience to the bolt installation.

In one embodiment, the tray comprises a limiting beam opposite to the inter-row baffle, the bottom end face of the inter-row baffle is in butt joint with the beam end face of the limiting beam, and the threaded hole is formed in the beam end face. The limiting beam is a protruding structure extending from the tray surface along the height direction of the battery cell, and the protruding structure is in butt joint with the row baffles. The function of the limit beam comprises three aspects: on the first hand, as a protruding structure of the tray disc surface extending along the height direction of the battery cell, the limiting beam limits the battery cell along the length direction of the battery cell, so that the battery cells are conveniently arranged and distributed in a line; in the second aspect, the limiting beam is used as a convex structure, so that the web plate is used, and the strength of the whole tray is increased; in the third aspect, the height of the battery cell is fixed and unchanged, the limiting beam has a certain protruding height, and the threaded hole is formed in the beam end face, so that the requirement on the length of the bolt is further reduced, meanwhile, the installation allowance of the tail end of the bolt is also given, if the limiting beam is not arranged, the threaded hole is inevitably formed in the disc face of the tray, for bolt connection, the tail end of the bolt must have enough length to be screwed into the threaded hole, the thickness of the tray is required to be larger than the length of the screwed thread, and the requirement on the thickness of the tray is met.

In one embodiment, a cold liquid plate is arranged between the battery cell and the tray, and the cold liquid plate is provided with a limiting through hole corresponding to the limiting beam and used for fixedly mounting the cold liquid plate. The effect of liquid cooling board lies in cooling down electric core, because the liquid cooling board is established between electric core and tray, for the convenience of spacing roof beam and limit baffle's butt joint, sets up the spacing through-hole that corresponds with spacing roof beam on the liquid cooling board, in the installation of liquid cooling board, only need wear to establish spacing through-hole with spacing roof beam can.

In one embodiment, cold liquid board include the trunk line and with the small transfer line of trunk line intercommunication, the extending direction of trunk line is perpendicular to the extending direction of baffle between the line, the extending direction of small transfer line with the extending direction coincidence of baffle between the line. Because a plurality of electric cores in the battery package divide into the multirow according to width direction, in order to let the cold liquid agent in the liquid cooling board flow through all electric cores, then the pipeline of cold liquid board divide into two kinds, one is the trunk line that the baffle extending direction between the perpendicular to line extends, one is the branch pipeline that extends along baffle extending direction between the line, and all electric cores just can be flowed through to two kinds of pipelines, form the liquid stream return circuit simultaneously.

In one embodiment, the trunk line is located the cold liquid board is followed the central axis coincidence that length direction extends, the trunk line perpendicular to spacing through-hole will spacing through-hole is cut apart into two and is divided spacing through-hole, with spacing through-hole corresponds spacing roof beam is also divided two equally and is divided spacing roof beam, works as the cold liquid board install in during the tray, divide spacing roof beam symmetric distribution to be in the both sides of trunk line. In order to facilitate the fastest backflow cooling of the cooling liquid, the main pipeline is preferably arranged at the center axis of the cold liquid plate extending along the length direction of the battery cell, and the branch pipelines communicated with the main pipeline can be symmetrically distributed on two sides of the main pipeline, so that the branch pipelines can flow through each battery cell conveniently. The embodiment selects to divide the limiting through hole into two symmetrical sub limiting through holes about the main pipeline when considering that the main pipeline coincides with the central axis and the limiting through hole is perpendicular to the main pipeline, the corresponding limiting beam is equally divided into two sub limiting beams from the middle, the two sub limiting beams respectively penetrate through the two symmetrical sub limiting through holes about the main pipeline and then form butt joint with the limiting baffle.

In one embodiment, the outer side barrier includes a first barrier parallel to the inter-row barrier and a second barrier perpendicular to the inter-row barrier, and a pressure detection structure is disposed between the battery cells of each row and the second barrier. And a pressure detection structure is arranged between the battery cell and the second baffle of each row, and the pressure detection structure can detect the thermal expansion condition of the battery cell in real time and feed back the liquid cooling system to adjust the cooling power.

In one embodiment, the pressure detection structure includes two pressure plates sandwiching the pressure detector, and the two pressure plates are respectively attached to the battery cell and the second baffle. Two pressure plates of pressure detection structure are laminated with electric core, and one is laminated with the second baffle, and when electric core took place the inflation, the distance between two pressure plates will change, and the pressure detector who sets up between two pressure plates this moment will detect to carry out real-time supervision to electric core.

In another aspect, the present application provides an electric vehicle including the battery pack. Install its electric automobile who above-mentioned battery package after electric core inflation problem appears in the use, only need change problem electric core can, need not change whole battery module, the speed that reprocesses simultaneously becomes fast, cost of maintenance reduces.

The battery pack in the embodiment of the application has the advantages that through the structural design of the tray, the outer side baffle and the inter-row baffle with the battery cell limiting structure, the fixing of the battery cell is ensured, meanwhile, the detachable installation avoids the connection modes such as welding and gluing, and the production and repair costs of products are reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery pack in one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of an interline shield in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the tray and cold liquid plate in one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting of the pressure sensing structure in one embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure detection structure in one embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2 together, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 2 is an exploded view of the battery pack according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. It should be noted that, for convenience of description of the components in the drawings, the directions in the drawings are defined herein: the first direction X is an extending direction of the inter-row baffles 40, the second direction Y is perpendicular to the extending direction of the inter-row baffles 40, and the third direction Z is a height direction of the battery cell 30.

The battery pack 100 comprises a tray 10, an outer side baffle 20 and an inter-row baffle 40, the outer side baffle 20 is installed to the tray 10 and surrounds to form an accommodating space, the inter-row baffle 40 is accommodated in the accommodating space and detachably installed to the tray 10, the inter-row baffle 40 divides the accommodating space into at least two rows of subspaces, each subspace is used for accommodating and arranging one row of battery cells 30, one end, away from the tray 10, of the inter-row baffle 40 is provided with a battery cell limiting structure 41, and the battery cell limiting structure 41 is pressed on the upper end face 31 of the battery cell 30. The enclosing that outside baffle 20 in the embodiment can dismantle the connection establishes on the quotation of tray 10 to form a accommodation space of placing electric core 30, outside baffle 20 forms to electric core 30 spacing on first direction X and second direction Y, and tray 10 provides the support power of third direction Z for electric core 30.

Unlike the conventional battery pack design, the battery pack 100 in the embodiment is directly assembled from a plurality of battery cells 30. In the embodiment, the inter-row baffle 40 divides the accommodating space into at least two rows of subspaces, and each subspace is used for accommodating the cells 30 arranged in a row. For a plurality of cells 30 aligned in a row, they are limited in the first direction X by the outside barrier 20; it is limited in the second direction Y by the inter-row baffles 40; as shown in fig. 4, since the end of the inter-row baffle 40 away from the tray 10 is provided with the cell limiting structure 41, the cell limiting structure 41 forms a pressing cover on the upper end surface 31 of the cell 30, so that the cell limiting structure 41 and the tray 10 limit the cell 30 in the third direction Z. Thus, the battery cell 30 is mounted and limited by the tray 10, the outer side baffle 20 and the inter-row baffle 40 with the battery cell limiting structure 41, and the outer side baffle 20 and the inter-row baffle 40 are detachably connected and mounted with the tray 10. When a problem occurs in the battery pack 100 with the battery cell 30, the limitation on the battery cell 30 in question can be removed by only detaching the inter-row baffle 40 pressing on the battery cell 30 in question. If adopt traditional battery module technique, because the existence of connection technology such as welding, the electric core that has the problem forms a whole that can not the split with intact electric core, just must change whole battery module when needing to change problem electric core, has greatly increased cost of manufacture and repair cost. The design of this application has then avoided the change of traditional battery package to battery module (a plurality of electric cores constitute), simultaneously because whole battery package 100 can dismantle the connection, the change of electric core 30 is more simple and convenient, promotes maintenance efficiency, reduce cost.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the cell retaining structure 41 is formed by extending from the top end of the row baffle 40 to the inner direction of the subspace, and the cell retaining structure 41 and the tray 10 retain the cell 30. The cell limiting structures 41 extending from the top end of the row baffles 40 along the second direction Y are matched with the tray 10, so that the change of the cells 30 in the third direction Z is avoided. When the battery cell 30 needs to be replaced, only the inter-row baffle 40 pressing on the upper end surface 31 of the battery cell 30 needs to be detached, that is, the limitation of the battery cell limiting structure 41 on the battery cell 30 in the third direction Z is removed.

In the embodiment, the inter-row barrier 40 is detachably mounted on the tray 10 by bolts. Specifically, the end face 42 of the top end of the inter-row baffle 40 is provided with a mounting groove 43, a through hole 44 is formed in the groove bottom face 44 of the mounting groove 43, a threaded hole 12 corresponding to the through hole 44 is formed in the tray 10, and the inter-row baffle 40 is connected with the tray 10 through a bolt. The mounting groove 43 is designed to reduce the depth of the through hole 44, improving the removal efficiency. If the end face 42 of the top end of the inter-row barrier 40 is not provided with the mounting groove 43, the screw length of the screw bolt as a part for connecting the inter-row barrier 40 and the pallet 10 is inevitably greater than the depth of the through hole 44, so that the length of the screw bolt is increased and the efficiency is inevitably caused in the disassembling process. Meanwhile, the installation groove 43 is designed to provide an accommodation space for the nut of the bolt, and if the installation groove 43 is not provided, the nut of the bolt is inevitably protruded out of the end face 42 at the top end of the inter-row baffle 40, so that the nut is exposed outside a product and is easy to collide or corrode.

Specifically, the tray 10 includes a limit beam 11 disposed opposite to the inter-row baffle 40, a bottom end surface 47 of the inter-row baffle 40 is butted against a beam end surface 111 of the limit beam 11, and the threaded hole 12 is opened in the beam end surface 111. The limiting beam 11 is a protruding structure extending from the disc surface of the tray 10 along the third direction Z of the battery cell 30, and the protruding structure is in butt joint with the inter-row baffle 40. The function of the limit beam 11 includes three aspects: on the first hand, as a convex structure of the tray 10, the disc surface of which extends along the third direction Z of the battery cell 30, the limiting beam 11 limits the battery cell 30 along the length Y direction of the battery cell, so that the battery cells 30 are conveniently arranged and distributed in a line; in the second aspect, the limiting beam 11 is used as a convex structure, which plays a role of a web plate and increases the strength of the whole tray 10; in the third aspect, since the height of the battery cell 10 is fixed and unchanged, the limiting beam 11 has a certain protruding height, and the threaded hole 12 is formed in the beam end surface 111, the requirement for the length of the bolt is further reduced, and meanwhile, the installation allowance of the tail end of the bolt is also given, if the limiting beam 11 is not provided, the threaded hole 12 is formed in the disk surface of the tray 10, and for bolt connection, the tail end of the bolt must have a sufficient length to be screwed into the threaded hole 12, which requires that the thickness of the tray 10 is greater than the length of the screwed thread, and the requirement for the thickness of the tray 10 is increased in a phase-changing manner.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, a cold liquid plate 50 is disposed between the battery cell 30 and the tray 10, and a limiting through hole 51 corresponding to the limiting beam 11 is formed in the cold liquid plate 50 for fixing the cold liquid plate 50. The liquid cooling plate 50 is used for cooling the battery cell 30, and because the liquid cooling plate 50 is arranged between the battery cell 30 and the tray 10, in order to facilitate the butt joint of the limiting beam 11 and the limiting baffle 40, the liquid cooling plate 50 is provided with a limiting through hole 51 corresponding to the limiting beam 11, and in the installation process of the liquid cooling plate 50, only the limiting beam 11 needs to be arranged in the limiting through hole 51 in a penetrating manner.

In the actual manufacturing process, the cold liquid plate 50 includes a main pipe (not shown in the figure) and a branch pipe (not shown in the figure) communicated with the main pipe, the main pipe extends along the second direction Y, and the branch pipe extends along the first direction X. Since the plurality of battery cells 30 in the battery pack 100 are divided into a plurality of rows according to the first direction X, in order to allow the coolant in the liquid cooling plate 50 to flow through all the battery cells 30, the pipelines of the liquid cooling plate 50 are divided into two types, one type is a main pipeline extending along the second direction Y, and the other type is a branch pipeline extending along the first direction X, through the two types of pipelines, the coolant can flow through all the battery cells, and the cooling of all the battery cells 30 is realized.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the main pipe is disposed on the cold liquid plate 50 and coincides with the central axis B extending along the second direction Y, the main pipe is perpendicular to the limiting through hole 51 and divides the limiting through hole 51 into two sub-limiting through holes, the limiting beam 11 corresponding to the limiting through hole 51 is also divided into two sub-limiting beams, and when the cold liquid plate 50 is mounted on the tray 10, the sub-limiting beams are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the main pipe (the central axis B). In order to facilitate the fastest backflow cooling of the cooling liquid, the main pipeline is preferably arranged to coincide with the central axis B of the cooling liquid plate 50 extending along the second direction Y, so that the branch pipelines can be symmetrically distributed on two sides of the main pipeline, and the branch pipelines can conveniently flow through each battery cell 30. In the embodiment, when the main pipeline is coincided with the central axis B and the limiting through holes 51 are perpendicular to the main pipeline, the limiting through holes 51 are divided into two sub limiting through holes which are symmetrical about the main pipeline (the central axis B), the corresponding limiting beams 11 are equally divided into two sub limiting beams from the middle, the two sub limiting beams respectively penetrate through the two sub limiting through holes which are symmetrical about the main pipeline (the central axis B), and then the two sub limiting through holes are in butt joint with the limiting baffle 40.

In an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 6, the outer barrier 20 of the battery pack 100 includes a first barrier 21 parallel to the row barrier 40 and a second barrier 22 perpendicular to the row barrier 40, and the pressure detecting structure 60 is disposed between the cells 30 and the second barrier 22 of each row. First baffle 21 and second baffle 22 pass through mounting hole 13 demountable installation on the tray 10 and on the tray 10, set up pressure detection structure 60 between the electric core 30 of each line and second baffle 22 for whether the inflation takes place for the electric core 30 of detecting each line, when one of them electric core 30 takes place the inflation because of charging and discharging, pressure detection structure 30 can detect pressure unusual, only need dismantle the limit baffle 40 that this line electric core 30 corresponds this moment, it can to correspond to change problem electric core 30.

Specifically, referring to fig. 7, the pressure detecting structure 60 includes two pressure plates 61 sandwiching a pressure detector 62, and the two pressure plates 61 are respectively attached to the battery cell 30 and the second baffle 22. Two pressure plates 61 of pressure detection structure 60 are laminated with electric core 30, and one is laminated with second baffle 22, and when electric core 30 took place the inflation, the distance between two pressure plates 61 will change, and the pressure detector 62 that sets up between two pressure plates 61 this moment will detect to carry out real-time supervision to electric core 30. In an embodiment, the pressure detecting structure 60 can detect the thermal expansion condition of the battery cell 30 in real time, feed back the liquid cooling system, and adjust the cooling power by controlling the flow rate of the cooling liquid in the cooling liquid plate 50.

The present application further provides an electric vehicle including the battery pack 100 described above. After the battery cell 30 of the electric vehicle provided with the battery pack 100 expands in the using process, only the problem battery cell needs to be replaced without replacing the whole battery pack 100; meanwhile, the battery pack 100 is formed by combining the detachably connected tray 10, the outer side baffle 20 and the inter-row baffle 40 to form a fixed installation for the battery core 30, the installation and the disassembly process of the detachable mode are more convenient, and the manufacturing and the maintenance costs are lower.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.