阅读说明：本技术 一种可降低co生成的废液废气焚烧炉燃烧系统布置结构及方法 (Arrangement structure and method for waste liquid and waste gas incinerator combustion system capable of reducing CO generation ) 是由 潘鹏 汪文哲 吴林 罗俊伟 陈亚斌 焦风云 王大伟 于 2021-06-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种可降低CO生成的废液废气焚烧炉燃烧系统布置结构及方法。它包括从下至上依次布置在锅炉前墙、后墙的一次风喷口、二次风喷口、三次风喷口,下层辅助燃烧器和低热值废液喷枪布置在一次风喷口、二次风喷口之间,上层辅助燃烧器布置在二次风喷口、三次风喷口之间。本发明能够根据废液特性,有效降低CO排放。(The invention discloses a waste liquid and waste gas incinerator combustion system arrangement structure and method capable of reducing CO generation. The low-calorific-value waste liquid spray gun is arranged between the primary air nozzle and the secondary air nozzle, and the upper auxiliary burner is arranged between the secondary air nozzle and the tertiary air nozzle. The invention can effectively reduce CO emission according to the characteristics of the waste liquid.)

1. A waste liquid waste gas incinerator combustion system arrangement structure that can reduce CO formation, its characterized in that: the boiler comprises a primary air nozzle (1), a secondary air nozzle (4) and a tertiary air nozzle (6) which are sequentially arranged on a front wall and a rear wall of a boiler (7) from bottom to top, wherein a lower auxiliary burner (2) and a low-calorific-value waste liquid spray gun (3) are arranged between the primary air nozzle (1) and the secondary air nozzle (4), and an upper auxiliary burner (5) is arranged between the secondary air nozzle (4) and the tertiary air nozzle (6).

2. A waste liquid and exhaust gas incinerator combustion system arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the boiler (7) chamber body sequentially comprises a high-temperature cushion area (A), a high-temperature combustion area (B), a mixing and drying area (C), a reburning area (D) and a supplementary burnout area (E) from bottom to top.

3. A waste liquid and exhaust gas incinerator combustion system arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the primary air nozzle (1) is arranged at the lower part of a hearth of the boiler (7) and is 300-1000 mm away from the bottom of the boiler, the air volume accounts for 10-20% of the total air volume, the air volume entering the boiler is adjusted through an air door, and the selected air speed is 10-25 m/s.

4. A waste liquid and exhaust gas incinerator combustion system arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the low-heat value waste liquid spray gun (3) is arranged at a position 1.2-2.5 m above the lower auxiliary burner (2).

5. A waste liquid and exhaust gas incinerator combustion system arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the secondary air nozzles (4) are arranged above the low-heat-value waste liquid spray gun (3) at a distance of 300-1200 mm, the air quantity entering the furnace is adjusted through an air door, the air quantity accounts for about 30% -60% of the total air quantity, and the selected air speed is 20-50 m/s.

6. A waste liquid and exhaust gas incinerator combustion system arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the upper auxiliary burner (5) is arranged above the secondary air nozzle (4) at a distance of 500-2000 mm.

7. A waste liquid and exhaust gas incinerator combustion system arrangement as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the tertiary air nozzle (6) is arranged above the auxiliary burner (5) at a distance of 800-2500 mm, the air quantity entering the furnace is adjusted through an air door, the air quantity accounts for 10% -25% of the total air quantity, and the selected air speed is 25-60 m/s.

8. A method for arranging a combustion system of a waste liquid and exhaust gas incinerator for reducing CO generation according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: the lower auxiliary burner (2) is combusted at the middle lower part to generate a high-temperature combustion area (B), after liquid sprayed by the low-calorific-value waste liquid spray gun (3) enters the mixing and drying area (C), part of the liquid falls into the high-temperature cushion area (A) due to gravity and high-temperature cracking, large-particle slag, organic salt and the like form a high-temperature molten pool in the area, and unburned organic salt is continuously burnt out under the condition that the lowest primary air nozzle (1) provides a proper air environment; and after the other part of the waste liquid drops are dried, a mixture of volatile organic compounds, water vapor and smoke is formed and enters a reburning area (D) together for mixed combustion, air is provided by a secondary air nozzle (4), CO and organic compounds which are difficult to burn out enter a supplementary burnout area (E), and a high-temperature environment generated by an upper auxiliary burner (5) is mixed with air sprayed by a tertiary air nozzle (6) and burnt out.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of boiler combustion equipment, and particularly relates to a waste liquid and waste gas incinerator combustion system arrangement structure and method capable of reducing CO generation.

Background

In the production processes of petroleum, chemical industry, biology, pharmacy and the like, a large amount of waste liquid and waste gas containing organic matters are often generated. The main components of the waste liquid are water, residual alkali and organic matters, the organic matters are cyclohexanone, caprolactam or phytochemical alcohol, etc., and the concentration is below 40%. The exhaust gas mainly contains VOC, combustible gas, a large amount of air or nitrogen, and the like.

The waste liquid and the waste gas are generally sent into an incinerator for incineration and then treated by a comprehensive treatment mode of tail smoke pollutants. The incineration process takes place in the waste liquor and waste gas incinerator furnace which consists of a membrane type water-cooled wall. Because the calorific values of the waste liquid and the waste gas are generally low (the calorific value of solid matters in the waste liquid is about 9-12 MJ/kg), when the waste liquid and the waste gas are incinerated in an incinerator, an auxiliary fuel (such as oil or natural gas) burner with a high calorific value is often required to be equipped for supporting combustion.

The combustion system arrangement structure of the existing waste liquid and waste gas incinerator is characterized in that a high-heat value auxiliary fuel combustion device is arranged at the bottom of a hearth in a centralized mode, waste liquid or waste gas is sprayed into high-temperature flue gas of the hearth from a position with a certain height away from the bottom of the hearth, and combustion-supporting air is supplemented into the hearth at different heights to complete incineration.

The waste liquid contains more moisture, and the waste liquid gets into furnace after the spray gun atomizing, after a series of processes such as high temperature flue gas drying, volatile analysis play, pyrolysis, organic combustible matter and the combustion-supporting air mixed combustion that replenishes into. But because the high-temperature flue gas absorbs heat through the membrane type water-cooled wall hearth, the temperature of the flue gas is greatly reduced, the heat value of the waste liquid is low, the moisture content is high, and the waste gas isThe heat value is low, the flow is large, the waste liquid and the waste gas are difficult to be uniformly mixed with the flue gas after entering the hearth, and a large amount of CO is easily generated in the combustion process. After CO generation, it cannot look like NO_x、SO₂And the harmful gases are absorbed and converted by the tail environmental protection device, so that the method for reducing the CO in the waste liquid and waste gas incinerator is the most effective and feasible method by adjusting the arrangement structure of the combustion system of the waste liquid and waste gas incinerator.

The existing waste liquid and waste gas incinerator combustion system arrangement structure mainly has several problems:

(1) the arrangement quantity of the waste liquid spray guns is small, the single support force is too large (2.5-3 t/h), a simple pressure mechanical atomization mode is adopted, large liquid drops are easily formed, and quick drying and organic matter precipitation of the liquid drops are not facilitated.

(2) The auxiliary burners are all arranged about (0.5-1) meter above the elevation of the furnace bottom, then the smoke temperature is greatly reduced after heat absorption is carried out on the furnace hearth of the membrane wall, and when the heat value of waste liquid is low (mainly shown in that the concentration of solid matters is reduced), the decomposed organic combustible matters are mixed with the fed combustion-supporting air and cannot be completely combusted;

(3) the combustion-supporting air is distributed in two layers along the height direction of the hearth, and is respectively provided with a primary air nozzle and a secondary air nozzle, the primary air nozzle is located about (0.5-1) meter above the elevation of the hearth, the secondary air nozzle is located about (0.5-1) meter above the elevation of the waste liquid spray gun, and is respectively sprayed into the hearth in a front-wall and rear-wall opposite flushing mode, so that the combustion-supporting air has insufficient penetrability and cannot be uniformly mixed with flue gas;

(4) a large number of low-calorific-value waste gas nozzles are arranged about (2-3) meters above the elevation of the secondary air nozzles, the smoke temperature of the hearth area is low, and combustible components in waste gas cannot be burnt out;

the above problems result in high emission of CO in the flue gas of the existing waste liquid and waste gas incinerator.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings of the background art, and provides a combustion system arrangement structure and method for a waste liquid and waste gas incinerator capable of reducing CO generation.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a can reduce waste liquid waste gas incinerator combustion system arrangement structure that CO generated, includes from supreme primary air spout, overgrate air spout, the tertiary air spout of arranging in proper order at boiler front wall, back wall down, and lower floor's supplementary combustor and low heat value waste liquid spray gun are arranged between primary air spout, overgrate air spout, and upper auxiliary combustor arranges between overgrate air spout, tertiary air spout.

In a further preferable structure, the boiler chamber body sequentially comprises a high-temperature cushion area, a high-temperature combustion area, a mixing and drying area, a reburning area and a supplementary burnout area from bottom to top.

In a further preferable structure, the primary air nozzles are arranged at the lower part of the boiler hearth and are 300-1000 mm away from the bottom of the boiler, the air volume accounts for 10-20% of the total air volume, the air volume entering the boiler is adjusted through an air door, and the selected air speed is 10-25 m/s and is used for supporting combustion of a cushion layer possibly generated at the bottom of the boiler.

And the lower auxiliary combustor burns auxiliary fuel with high calorific value or high calorific value waste liquid/waste gas to generate high-temperature flue gas.

In a further preferable structure, the low-heat value waste liquid spray guns are arranged at the position 1.2-2.5 m above the lower-layer auxiliary burner, the corresponding amount is selected according to the output of the spray guns of 1.2-2.5 t/h, and the low-heat value waste liquid spray guns are sprayed into the furnace to be dried by using high-temperature flue gas to decompose organic matters.

In a further preferred structure, the secondary air nozzles are arranged above the low-heat-value waste liquid spray gun at a distance of 300-1200 mm, the air quantity entering the furnace is adjusted through air doors, the air quantity accounts for about 30% -60% of the total air quantity, and the selected air speed is 20-50 m/s and is used for supplementing air to dry organic matters for combustion.

In a further preferable structure, the upper auxiliary burner is arranged above the secondary air nozzle at a distance of 500-2000 mm, auxiliary fuel with high calorific value or waste liquid/waste gas with high calorific value can be combusted, waste gas with low calorific value can be mixed, heat is supplemented by adjusting according to the combustion condition in the furnace, and the condition that combustible substances such as unburned organic matters, CO and the like reach the combustion temperature is ensured.

In a further preferable structure, the tertiary air nozzles are arranged above the auxiliary burner at a distance of 800-2500 mm, the air quantity entering the furnace is adjusted through an air door, the air quantity accounts for 10% -25% of the total air quantity, the selected air speed is 25-60 m/s, and combustion-supporting air is further supplemented, so that combustible substances such as CO and the like are burnt out.

A method for arranging a combustion system of a waste liquid and waste gas incinerator, which can reduce the generation of CO, comprising the following steps: the lower auxiliary burner burns at the middle lower part to generate a high-temperature combustion area, the burner can adopt natural gas or waste oil and waste gas with high heat value as fuel to produce high-temperature flue gas, after liquid sprayed by a low-heat-value waste liquid spray gun enters a mixed drying area, part of the liquid falls into a high-temperature cushion area due to gravity and high-temperature cracking, large-particle slag, organic salt and the like, a high-temperature molten pool is formed in the high-temperature cushion area, and unburned organic salt continues to burn out under the condition that a primary air nozzle at the lowest layer provides proper air environment; and after the other part of the waste liquid drops are dried, a mixture of volatile organic compounds, water vapor and smoke is formed and enters a reburning area together for mixed combustion, air is provided by a secondary air nozzle, CO and organic compounds which are difficult to burn out enter a supplementary burnout area, and a high-temperature environment generated by an upper auxiliary burner is mixed with air sprayed by a tertiary air nozzle and burnt out. And finally, the emission of CO is reduced. The upper burner can adopt natural gas or waste oil and waste gas with high heat value as fuel.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the invention can effectively reduce CO emission according to the characteristics of the waste liquid; (2) the device has a simple arrangement structure, is convenient to adjust, and can adapt to the large fluctuation of the heat value of the waste liquid.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Wherein, the boiler comprises 1-primary air nozzle, 2-lower auxiliary burner, 3-low heat value waste liquid spray gun, 4-secondary air nozzle, 5-upper auxiliary burner, 6-tertiary air nozzle and 7-boiler.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention, but are for clear understanding.

As shown in figure 1, the invention comprises a primary air nozzle 1, a secondary air nozzle 4 and a tertiary air nozzle 6 which are sequentially arranged on the front wall and the rear wall of a boiler 7 from bottom to top, a lower auxiliary burner 2 and a low-calorific-value waste liquid spray gun 3 are arranged between the primary air nozzle 1 and the secondary air nozzle 4, and an upper auxiliary burner 5 is arranged between the secondary air nozzle 4 and the tertiary air nozzle 6.

The boiler 7 chamber body sequentially comprises a high-temperature cushion area A, a high-temperature combustion area B, a mixing and drying area C, a reburning area D and a supplementary burnout area E from bottom to top.

The primary air nozzle 1 is arranged at the lower part of a hearth of the boiler 7 and is 300-1000 mm away from the bottom of the boiler, the air quantity accounts for about 10-20% of the total air quantity, the air quantity entering the boiler is adjusted through an air door, and the selected air speed is 10-25 m/s.

The low-heat value waste liquid spray gun 3 is arranged at a position 1.2-2.5 m above the lower auxiliary burner 2.

The secondary air nozzles 4 are arranged above the low-heat-value waste liquid spray gun 3 at a distance of 300-1200 mm, the air quantity entering the furnace is adjusted through air doors, the air quantity accounts for about 30% -60% of the total air quantity, and the selected air speed is 20-50 m/s.

The upper auxiliary burner 5 is arranged above the secondary air nozzle 4 at a distance of 500-2000 mm.

The tertiary air nozzle 6 is arranged above the auxiliary burner 5 at a distance of 800-2500 mm, the air quantity entering the furnace is adjusted through an air door, the air quantity accounts for 10% -25% of the total air quantity, and the selected air speed is 25-60 m/s.

A method for arranging a combustion system of a waste liquid and waste gas incinerator, which can reduce the generation of CO, comprising the following steps: the lower auxiliary burner 2 is combusted at the middle lower part to generate a high-temperature combustion area B, after liquid sprayed by the low-calorific-value waste liquid spray gun 3 enters the mixed drying area C, a part of the liquid falls into the high-temperature cushion area A due to gravity and high-temperature cracking, large-particle slag, organic salt and the like form a high-temperature molten pool in the high-temperature cushion area A, and unburned organic salt continues to be burnt out under the condition that the lowest primary air nozzle 1 provides a proper air environment; and the other part of the waste liquid drops form a mixture of volatile organic compounds, steam and flue gas after being dried, the mixture enters a reburning area D together for mixed combustion, air is provided by a secondary air nozzle 4, CO and organic compounds which are difficult to burn out enter a supplementary burnout area E, and a high-temperature environment generated by an upper auxiliary burner 5 is mixed with air sprayed by a tertiary air nozzle 6 and burnt out.

The invention has the following characteristics: (1) according to specific components and heat value of the waste liquid, a plurality of waste liquid spray guns with small output force (1-1.5 t/h) are selected as much as possible, a medium atomization mode is adopted, particles of the atomized waste liquid are finer, and rapid drying of liquid drops and organic matter separation are facilitated, so that sufficient combustion is completed;

(2) and a layer of upper auxiliary burner is additionally arranged above the elevation of the secondary air nozzle to serve as an adjusting means. When the heat value of the waste liquid or the waste gas is low during operation, part of heat can be supplemented by putting the auxiliary burner in the layer, so that organic matters separated out from the waste liquid can be continuously combusted in a high-temperature area;

(3) a layer of tertiary air nozzle is additionally arranged above the elevation of the upper-layer auxiliary burner to be used as over-fire air, and the over-fire air is sprayed at a higher speed to supplement oxygen to unburned organic matters and generated CO so as to be fully over-fired;

(4) and the low-calorific-value waste gas enters the hearth through the upper auxiliary burner, and combustible components in the waste gas are completely combusted in the high-temperature area.

Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.