阅读说明：本技术 稻麦联合收获机清选模糊推理装置及自动控制方法 (Cleaning fuzzy reasoning device of rice and wheat combine harvester and automatic control method ) 是由 肖正兴 王廷 蒋庆 于 2021-09-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种稻麦联合收获机清选模糊推理装置及自动控制方法,它涉及农业机械技术领域。其步骤为：操作手选择清选参数组作为初始化清选参数,收割过程中,监测系统实时获取含杂率、损失率信号,并与设定的目标值比较,若含杂率和损失率在设定目标范围内,则清选系统按照该组参数的数值一直收割下去；若不满足设定要求,则控制器系统调用模糊控制算法,清选系统的执行机构进行清选工作,同时传感器系统监控含杂率和损失率参数；若出现两者的参数不满足范围,则模糊控制系统重新进入进行模糊计算、调节,直到满足要求。本发明实现稻麦联合收获机的高效清选,能够获得较低的损失率和含杂率,提升我国农业现代化水平,具有较大的社会经济效益。(The invention discloses a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester and an automatic control method, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a cleaning parameter group as an initial cleaning parameter by an operator, acquiring impurity rate and loss rate signals by a monitoring system in real time in the harvesting process, comparing the impurity rate and the loss rate signals with a set target value, and harvesting the cleaning system all the time according to the values of the group of parameters if the impurity rate and the loss rate are in a set target range; if the set requirement is not met, the controller system calls a fuzzy control algorithm, an execution mechanism of the cleaning system carries out cleaning work, and meanwhile, the sensor system monitors impurity rate and loss rate parameters; if the parameters of the two parameters do not meet the range, the fuzzy control system enters the fuzzy calculation and adjustment again until the requirements are met. The invention realizes the high-efficiency cleaning of the rice and wheat combine harvester, can obtain lower loss rate and impurity rate, improves the agricultural modernization level of China and has greater social and economic benefits.)

1. A cleaning fuzzy reasoning device of a rice and wheat combine harvester is characterized by comprising a fan (1), a motor (2), a wind and phoenix plate (3), a threshing roller (4), an upper fish scale screen (5), a lower fish scale screen (6), a grain bin (7), an impurity rate monitoring system (8) and a loss rate monitoring system (9), wherein the fan (1) is connected with the motor (2), the wind and phoenix plate (3) is arranged at the outlet of the fan (2), the angle of the wind and phoenix plate (3) is adjustable, the threshing roller (4) is arranged at the outlet of the wind and phoenix plate (3), the upper fish scale screen (5) and the lower fish scale screen (6) are sequentially arranged below the threshing roller (4), the opening degrees of the upper fish scale screen (5) and the lower fish scale screen (6) are adjustable, the loss rate monitoring system (9) is arranged at the fish scale screen, grains screened by the lower fish scale screen (6) are conveyed to the grain bin (7) through a grain conveying transmission device and a grain conveying channel (10), the grain tank (7) is provided with a impurity content monitoring system (8) for online measurement of impurity content of grains.

2. A cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that a wind shield (11) is arranged at the rear part of a gap between the upper scalping screen (5) and the lower scalping screen (6), and a mobile phone device for collecting impurities and a mixture thereof is arranged below the wind shield (11).

3. A cleaning fuzzy inference device for a rice and wheat combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the impurity rate and loss rate data measured by the impurity rate monitoring system (8) and the loss rate monitoring system (9) in real time are transmitted to the controller system through the signal processing circuit, the controller system judges the rule of the fuzzy control according to the loss rate and the impurity rate acquired in real time to obtain three suitable outputs, the output data are transmitted to the driving mechanism through the signal processing circuit, and the driving mechanism controls the three executing mechanisms of the fan rotating speed executing mechanism, the fish scale opening executing mechanism and the wind plate angle executing mechanism to control the given input quantity respectively according to the signal size or strength to perform real-time control.

4. An automatic control method of a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) setting three groups of common initialization parameter groups for three parameters, namely fan rotating speed, louver screen opening and wind-blade plate angle, related to a cleaning system according to manual experience of an operator and a parameter adjusting range of the cleaning and harvesting system; before cleaning and harvesting, an operator selects a group of proper cleaning parameter groups as initial cleaning parameters according to the real-time conditions of harvesting and cleaning;

(2) in the harvesting process, a trash content rate monitoring system and a loss rate monitoring system respectively acquire trash content rate and loss rate signals, and compare the numerical values of the trash content rate and the loss rate acquired in real time with a set target value after certain processing, if the cleaned trash content rate and the cleaned loss rate are within the set target range, the cleaning system harvests all the time according to the numerical values of the group of parameters;

(3) if the impurity rate or the loss rate of cleaning obtained in real time does not meet the set requirement, the controller system calls a fuzzy control algorithm;

(4) a fan rotating speed executing mechanism, a fish scale opening executing mechanism and a wind and phoenix plate angle executing mechanism of the cleaning system can carry out cleaning work according to the obtained parameters, and meanwhile, a sensor system can monitor the parameters of impurity rate and loss rate all the time; and (4) if the parameters of the two parameters do not meet the range, the fuzzy control system enters the step (3) again to perform fuzzy calculation and adjustment until the system reaches a new steady-state position.

5. A method for automatically controlling a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that the fuzzy control algorithm in the step (3) comprises the following steps:

respectively finding out corresponding membership functions of impurity cleaning rate and loss rate according to the magnitude of numerical values of impurity cleaning rate and loss rate obtained in real time and a fuzzy control rule;

secondly, according to an appointed fuzzy rule, under the condition of a Mamdani fuzzy reasoning rule, respectively obtaining the output values of the rotating speed of the fan, the opening degree of the scale of the fish and the angle of the wind plate;

and thirdly, outputting corresponding control signals in real time to act on a driving element of a regulating mechanism of the rotating speed of the fan, the opening degree of the fish-scale screen and the angle of the wind-phoenix panel, so that all performance parameters of the whole cleaning system are distributed in a reasonable range.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cleaning fuzzy reasoning device of a rice and wheat combine harvester and an automatic control method.

Background

China is a big agricultural country, rice and wheat are used as main grain crops, the combine harvester is widely used, the loss of the grains is reduced, the labor efficiency is improved, and extremely favorable conditions are provided for high-quality harvesting of the crops and timely cultivation of the next crops.

For the rice and wheat combine harvester, the cleaning performance is an important index for measuring the operation performance of the whole machine. The improvement of cleaning performance is a necessary condition for improving the operation performance of the whole machine, and is one of the key problems which must be solved in the development process of the grain combine harvester to large scale. From the harvest effect of the current domestic grain combine harvester, the cleaning performance is still unsatisfactory, and the problems of high loss rate and impurity rate and the like exist. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to disclose a dynamic association regulation rule among cleaning operation parameters of the rice and wheat combine harvester, the seed loss rate, the impurity content rate and other parameters, establish an intelligent cleaning regulation model of the harvester in a typical rice and wheat operation area in China, and develop an automatic cleaning control device and an automatic cleaning control method of the rice and wheat combine harvester.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester and an automatic control method, which realize the high-efficiency cleaning of the rice and wheat combine harvester, can obtain lower loss rate and impurity rate, improve the agricultural modernization level in China, have greater social and economic benefits and are easy to popularize and use.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester comprises a fan, a motor, a wind and phoenix plate, a threshing roller, an upper fish scale sieve, a lower fish scale sieve, a grain tank, an impurity content rate monitoring system and a loss rate monitoring system, wherein the fan is connected with the motor, the wind and phoenix plate is arranged at the outlet of the fan, the angle of the wind and phoenix plate is adjustable, the threshing roller is arranged at the outlet of the wind and phoenix plate, the upper fish scale sieve and the lower fish scale sieve are sequentially arranged below the threshing roller, the opening degrees of the upper fish scale sieve and the lower fish scale sieve are adjustable, the loss rate monitoring system is arranged at the position of the fish scale sieve, grains screened by the lower fish scale sieve are conveyed to the grain tank through grain conveying transmission equipment and a grain conveying channel, and the impurity content rate monitoring system for online measurement of the impurity content rate of the grains is arranged on the grain tank.

Preferably, a wind shield is arranged at the rear part of a gap between the upper fish scale sieve and the lower fish scale sieve, and a mobile phone device for collecting impurities and a mixture of the impurities is arranged below the wind shield.

Preferably, the impurity rate and loss rate data measured by the impurity rate monitoring system and the loss rate monitoring system in real time are transmitted to the controller system through the signal processing circuit, the controller system judges the rule of fuzzy control according to the loss rate and the impurity rate acquired in real time to obtain three suitable outputs, the output data are transmitted to the driving mechanism through the signal processing circuit, and the driving mechanism controls the three executing mechanisms of the fan rotating speed executing mechanism, the scale opening executing mechanism and the wind-phoenix panel angle executing mechanism to respectively control the given input quantity according to the size or the strength of the signal so as to control the impurity rate and the loss rate of cleaning in real time in the harvesting process of the whole system, thereby finishing the maintenance of the impurity rate and the loss rate of cleaning meeting the requirements in the whole system.

An automatic control method of a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester comprises the following steps:

(1) setting three groups of common initialization parameter groups for three parameters, namely fan rotating speed, louver screen opening and wind-blade plate angle, related to a cleaning system according to manual experience of an operator and a parameter adjusting range of the cleaning and harvesting system; before cleaning and harvesting, an operator selects a group of proper cleaning parameter groups as initial cleaning parameters according to the real-time conditions of harvesting and cleaning;

(2) in the harvesting process, a trash content rate monitoring system and a loss rate monitoring system respectively acquire trash content rate and loss rate signals, and compare the numerical values of the trash content rate and the loss rate acquired in real time with a set target value after certain processing, if the cleaned trash content rate and the cleaned loss rate are within the set target range, the cleaning system harvests all the time according to the numerical values of the group of parameters;

(3) if the impurity rate or the loss rate of cleaning obtained in real time does not meet the set requirement, the controller system calls a fuzzy control algorithm;

(4) a fan rotating speed executing mechanism, a fish scale opening executing mechanism and a wind and phoenix plate angle executing mechanism of the cleaning system can carry out cleaning work according to the obtained parameters, and meanwhile, a sensor system can monitor the parameters of impurity rate and loss rate all the time; and (4) if the parameters of the two parameters do not meet the range, the fuzzy control system enters the step (3) again to perform fuzzy calculation and adjustment until the system reaches a new steady-state position.

Preferably, the fuzzy control algorithm in step (3) comprises the following steps:

respectively finding out corresponding membership functions of impurity cleaning rate and loss rate according to the magnitude of numerical values of impurity cleaning rate and loss rate obtained in real time and a fuzzy control rule;

secondly, according to an appointed fuzzy rule, under the condition of a Mamdani fuzzy reasoning rule, respectively obtaining the output values of the rotating speed of the fan, the opening degree of the scale of the fish and the angle of the wind plate;

and thirdly, outputting corresponding control signals in real time to act on a driving element of a regulating mechanism of the rotating speed of the fan, the opening degree of the fish-scale screen and the angle of the wind-phoenix panel, so that all performance parameters of the whole cleaning system are distributed in a reasonable range.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the cleaning working parameters such as the rotating speed of the fan, the angle of the air distribution plate, the opening degree of the fish scale screen and the like are automatically adjusted according to the real-time monitoring data of the impurity cleaning rate and the loss rate, so that the high-efficiency cleaning of the rice and wheat combine harvester is realized, the lower impurity cleaning rate and the loss rate can be obtained, the important significance for improving the performance of the rice and wheat combine harvester is realized, the agricultural modernization level of China is greatly improved, the large social and economic benefits are realized, and the application prospect is wide.

Drawings

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the inference apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the fuzzy control of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a system flow diagram of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester comprises a fan 1, a motor 2, a wind-and-phoenix plate 3, a threshing roller 4, an upper fish scale sieve 5, a lower fish scale sieve 6, a grain bin 7, a impurity content monitoring system 8 and a loss rate monitoring system 9, wherein the fan 1 is connected with the motor 2, the wind-and-phoenix plate 3 is arranged at the outlet of the fan 2, the angle of the wind-and-phoenix plate 3 is adjustable, the threshing roller 4 is arranged at the outlet of the wind-and-phoenix plate 3, the upper fish scale sieve 5 and the lower fish scale sieve 6 are sequentially arranged below the threshing roller 4, the opening degrees of the upper fish scale sieve 5 and the lower fish scale sieve 6 are adjustable, the loss rate monitoring system 9 for realizing online measurement of the loss rate of grains is arranged at the fish scale sieve, the grains screened by the lower fish scale sieve 6 are conveyed to the grain bin 7 through a grain conveying transmission device and a grain conveying channel 10, and the impurity content monitoring system 8 for online measurement of the impurity content rate of the grains is arranged on the grain bin 7.

It is worth noting that a wind shield 11 is arranged at the rear part of a gap between the upper scalping screen 5 and the lower scalping screen 6, and a mobile phone device for collecting impurities and mixture thereof is arranged below the wind shield 11.

This whole all cereal and the impurity that reaps of device blow at fan 1, under the shake of 3 angles of wind phoenix board and fish scale sieve 5, can blow the material of difference to different places, through the shake of fish scale sieve 6 down, the effect of cleaning is improved, the cereal that shakes off conveys grain tank 7 through the transmission equipment of fortune grain and fortune grain passageway 10, there is the miscellaneous rate on-line measuring sensor of cereal above grain tank 7, the miscellaneous rate monitoring system 8 of containing acquires the miscellaneous rate of reaping in real time, loss rate monitoring system 9 realizes on-line measuring to the loss rate of cereal simultaneously. The controller system judges the rule of fuzzy control according to the loss rate and the impurity rate acquired in real time to obtain three suitable outputs, the output data is transmitted to the driving mechanism through the signal processing circuit, and the driving mechanism controls the three actuating mechanisms of the fan rotating speed actuating mechanism, the fish scale opening actuating mechanism and the wind-phoenix panel angle actuating mechanism to respectively control the given input quantity according to the signal size or strength so as to carry out real-time control, so that the impurity rate and the loss rate of cleaning in the whole system in the harvesting process are kept to meet the requirements.

An automatic control method of a cleaning fuzzy inference device of a rice and wheat combine harvester comprises the following steps:

(1) setting three groups of common initialization parameter groups for three parameters, namely fan rotating speed, louver screen opening and wind-blade plate angle, related to a cleaning system according to manual experience of an operator and a parameter adjusting range of the cleaning and harvesting system; before cleaning and harvesting, an operator selects a group of proper cleaning parameter groups as initial cleaning parameters according to the real-time conditions of harvesting and cleaning;

(2) in the harvesting process, the impurity rate monitoring system 8 and the loss rate monitoring system 9 respectively obtain signals of impurity rate and loss rate, and compare the value of impurity rate and loss rate obtained in real time with a set target value after certain processing, if the impurity rate of cleaning and the loss rate of cleaning are in the set target range, the cleaning system harvests all the time according to the value of the group of parameters;

(3) if the impurity rate or the loss rate of cleaning obtained in real time does not meet the set requirement, the controller system calls a fuzzy control algorithm, and the fuzzy control algorithm comprises the following steps:

respectively finding out corresponding membership functions of impurity cleaning rate and loss rate according to the magnitude of numerical values of impurity cleaning rate and loss rate obtained in real time and a fuzzy control rule;

secondly, according to an appointed fuzzy rule, under the condition of a Mamdani fuzzy reasoning rule, respectively obtaining the output values of the rotating speed of the fan, the opening degree of the scale of the fish and the angle of the wind plate;

and thirdly, outputting corresponding control signals in real time to act on a driving element of a regulating mechanism of the rotating speed of the fan, the opening degree of the fish-scale screen and the angle of the wind-phoenix panel, so that all performance parameters of the whole cleaning system are distributed in a reasonable range.

(4) A fan rotating speed executing mechanism, a fish scale opening executing mechanism and a wind and phoenix plate angle executing mechanism of the cleaning system can carry out cleaning work according to the obtained parameters, and meanwhile, a sensor system can monitor the parameters of impurity rate and loss rate all the time; and (4) if the parameters of the two parameters do not meet the range, the fuzzy control system enters the step (3) again to perform fuzzy calculation and adjustment until the system reaches a new steady-state position.

According to the embodiment, cleaning working parameters such as the rotating speed of a fan, the angle of a wind separating plate, the opening degree of a fish scale screen and the like are automatically adjusted according to real-time monitoring data of impurity cleaning rate and loss rate, so that lower impurity cleaning rate and loss rate are obtained, technical breakthrough of the rice and wheat combine harvester in China on a high-efficiency cleaning control technology is effectively promoted, a self-adaptive control system of the rice and wheat harvester is developed, high-efficiency cleaning of the rice and wheat combine harvester is realized, the intelligent technical level of the rice and wheat combine harvester in China is greatly improved, the reliability and the international competitive power of the rice and wheat combine harvester product in China are improved, the agricultural modernization level in China is improved, the important significance is realized on improving the performance of the rice and wheat combine harvester, huge social and economic benefits are brought to agricultural producers, operators and agricultural enterprises, and the wide market application prospect is achieved.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.