阅读说明：本技术 一种智能制造柔性生产线的自动上下料机构 (Automatic feeding and discharging mechanism of intelligent manufacturing flexible production line ) 是由 刘勇 朱腾飞 苗志勇 何健 于 2021-09-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种智能制造柔性生产线的自动上下料机构,包括：环形旋转料盘、有杆气缸、无杆气缸、活动架、两根直线导轨、支架；环形旋转料盘包括：轴承座底板、环形导轨、旋转轴、环形导轨底板、托盘；无杆气缸用于驱动环形导轨在两根直线导轨上滑动,将待上下料的托盘架水平移动至加工中心工作台夹具的上方或下方；有杆气缸用于在上下料时,带动环形导轨绕旋转轴转动,使得待上料托盘架上的托盘落在加工中心工作台夹具上,或使得待下料托盘架托起加工中心工作台夹具上的托盘。机构整体结构简单,仅需用2个气缸,1个电机就能完成机床上下料,完成了柔性生产线的重要环节,且造价低、便于后期维护。(The invention provides an automatic feeding and discharging mechanism of an intelligent manufacturing flexible production line, which comprises: the device comprises an annular rotating material tray, a rod cylinder, a rodless cylinder, a movable frame, two linear guide rails and a bracket; the rotatory charging tray of annular includes: the rotary shaft is arranged on the bearing seat bottom plate; the rodless cylinder is used for driving the annular guide rail to slide on the two linear guide rails and horizontally moving the tray rack to be loaded and unloaded to the upper part or the lower part of the machining center workbench clamp; the rod cylinder is used for driving the annular guide rail to rotate around the rotating shaft when feeding and discharging, so that the tray on the tray frame to be fed falls on the workbench clamp of the machining center, or the tray on the workbench clamp of the machining center is supported by the tray frame to be discharged. The whole structure of the mechanism is simple, the feeding and discharging of the machine tool can be completed only by 2 cylinders and 1 motor, the important link of a flexible production line is completed, and the mechanism is low in manufacturing cost and convenient for later maintenance.)

1. The utility model provides a flexible production line's unloading mechanism in automation is made to intelligence which characterized in that includes: the device comprises an annular rotating material tray, a rod cylinder, a rodless cylinder, a movable frame, two linear guide rails and a bracket; the rotatory charging tray of annular includes: the rotary shaft is arranged on the bearing seat bottom plate;

the two linear guide rails are fixedly arranged on the bracket in parallel; the fixing part of the rodless cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bracket;

a plurality of tray frames are arranged on the annular guide rail, and 1 tray is placed on each tray frame and used for clamping a workpiece; the annular guide rail is fixedly arranged above an annular guide rail bottom plate, two bearing seat bottom plates are arranged below the annular guide rail bottom plate along the length direction, and the two bearing seat bottom plates are arranged on the two linear guide rails in a sliding manner;

a connecting plate is arranged between the two bearing seat bottom plates, and a sliding part of the rodless cylinder is connected with the connecting plate and used for driving the annular guide rail to slide on the two linear guide rails and moving a tray frame to be loaded and unloaded to the position above or below a clamp of a machining center workbench; the movable frame is fixedly connected with the two bearing seat bottom plates and moves along with the two bearing seat bottom plates;

two bearing seats with bearings are arranged on one of the two bearing seat bottom plates, the rotating shaft penetrates through the two bearings, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft is vertical to the length direction of the annular guide rail;

the rod cylinder is fixedly arranged on the movable frame, the extending end of the rod cylinder is fixedly connected with one end of the annular guide rail bottom plate, and the rod cylinder is used for driving the annular guide rail to rotate around the rotating shaft when feeding and discharging are carried out, so that a tray to be placed on the feeding tray frame falls on the machining center workbench clamp, or the tray to be placed on the machining center workbench clamp is supported by the discharging tray frame.

2. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, wherein the support is a rectangular frame welded by aluminum alloy square tube profiles.

3. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism of claim 2, wherein the two linear guide rails are fixed on the top of the rectangular frame by bolts.

4. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, wherein each bearing seat bottom plate is slidably disposed on the two linear guide rails by two linear guide rail sliders.

5. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, wherein 4 foot cups are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rectangular frame.

6. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism of claim 5, wherein the bottom of the rectangular frame is further fixedly provided with 4 rollers.

7. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, wherein the tray frame includes two bent struts;

and the bottom of the tray is provided with a clamping groove which has the same shape as the two bent supporting rods.

8. The automatic loading and unloading mechanism of claim 1, wherein the movable frame is fixedly provided with an aluminum plate with a long waist-shaped hole, the tailstock of the rod-type cylinder is fixed on the movable frame through a bolt penetrating through the long waist-shaped hole, and a butterfly nut is sleeved on the bolt.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of production and manufacturing, and particularly relates to an automatic feeding and discharging mechanism of an intelligent manufacturing flexible production line.

Background

In the production line of aviation accessory products, gamma LV-600L vertical machining centers are used more frequently, and the machining center is mainly characterized in that a tool magazine is close to the-X direction of a main shaft, so that the space on two sides of the main shaft of a machine tool and above a workbench is narrow.

The method for building a flexible production line based on a vertical machining center traditionally has two types: firstly, a truss manipulator is matched with a machine tool for automatic feeding and discharging, but the truss manipulator cannot stretch into the tool magazine due to the fact that the tool magazine beside the main shaft of the gamma LV-600L vertical machining center occupies a large amount of space, so that the scheme is not feasible; and secondly, a six-joint manipulator is purchased to realize automatic feeding and discharging of the machine tool, the manipulator is relatively flexible, the requirement on space is low, and the manipulator is not suitable for large-batch use due to overhigh cost and higher later maintenance difficulty.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an automatic feeding and discharging mechanism for an intelligent manufacturing flexible production line, which solves the difficulty in building the flexible production line based on a gamma LV-600L vertical machining center.

The invention provides an automatic feeding and discharging mechanism of an intelligent manufacturing flexible production line, which comprises: the device comprises an annular rotating material tray, a rod cylinder, a rodless cylinder, a movable frame, two linear guide rails and a bracket; the rotatory charging tray of annular includes: the rotary shaft is arranged on the bearing seat bottom plate;

the two linear guide rails are fixedly arranged on the bracket in parallel; the fixing part of the rodless cylinder is fixedly arranged on the bracket;

a plurality of tray frames are arranged on the annular guide rail, and 1 tray is placed on each tray frame and used for clamping a workpiece; the annular guide rail is fixedly arranged above an annular guide rail bottom plate, two bearing seat bottom plates are arranged below the annular guide rail bottom plate along the length direction, and the two bearing seat bottom plates are arranged on the two linear guide rails in a sliding manner;

a connecting rod is arranged between the two bearing seat bottom plates, and a sliding part of the rodless cylinder is connected with the connecting rod and used for driving the annular guide rail to slide on the two linear guide rails and moving a tray frame to be loaded and unloaded to the position above or below a clamp of a machining center workbench; the movable frame is fixedly connected with the two bearing seat bottom plates and moves along with the two bearing seat bottom plates;

two bearing seats with bearings are arranged on one of the two bearing seat bottom plates, the rotating shaft penetrates through the two bearings, and the axial direction of the rotating shaft is vertical to the length direction of the annular guide rail;

the rod cylinder is fixedly arranged on the movable frame, the extending end of the rod cylinder is fixedly connected with one end of the annular guide rail bottom plate, and the rod cylinder is used for driving the annular guide rail to rotate around the rotating shaft when feeding and discharging are carried out, so that a tray to be placed on the feeding tray frame falls on the machining center workbench clamp, or the tray to be placed on the machining center workbench clamp is supported by the discharging tray frame.

Optionally, the support is a cuboid frame welded by aluminum alloy square tube profiles.

Optionally, the two linear guide rails are fixed to the top of the rectangular frame by bolts.

Optionally, each bearing seat bottom plate is slidably arranged on the two linear guide rails through two linear guide rail sliders.

Optionally, 4 foot cups are fixedly arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame.

Optionally, 4 rollers are further fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rectangular frame.

Optionally, the tray frame comprises two bending support rods;

and the bottom of the tray is provided with a clamping groove which has the same shape as the two bent supporting rods.

Optionally, an aluminum plate with a long waist-shaped hole is fixedly arranged on the movable frame, the tailstock of the rod cylinder is fixed on the movable frame through a bolt penetrating through the long waist-shaped hole, and a butterfly nut is sleeved on the bolt.

The invention provides an automatic feeding and discharging mechanism for an intelligent manufacturing flexible production line, which is simple in structure, can complete feeding and discharging of a machine tool by only using 2 cylinders and 1 motor, completes an important link of the flexible production line, is low in manufacturing cost and is convenient for later maintenance.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a loading and unloading mechanism;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the loading and unloading mechanism;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the loading and unloading mechanism;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the movement of a cylinder of the loading and unloading mechanism;

description of reference numerals:

1-a roller;

2, a foot cup;

3-linear guide rail slide block;

4-bearing seat bottom plate;

5, a movable frame;

6-a cylinder with a rod;

7, a tray;

8-linear guide rail;

9-a pallet rack;

10-a ring-shaped guide rail slide block;

11-left connecting accessory;

12-connecting the accessory right;

13-an endless guide rail;

14-a synchronous belt;

15-synchronous pulley;

16-synchronous pulley shaft;

17-bottom steel plate;

18-rodless cylinder;

19-aluminum alloy section bar;

20, a synchronous pulley tensioning device;

21-driven wheel shaft mounting seat;

22-blind rivet;

23-a rotating shaft;

24-a bearing seat;

25-synchronous pulley tensioning device right;

26, a motor bracket;

27-motor.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.

On the premise of not changing the original machine tool, the automatic loading and unloading mechanism is additionally arranged, and a machine tool reserved instruction is used as a control mode to form a flexible production system. The idea is that the design goals of maintaining or improving the processing quality, prolonging the automatic operation time of the machine tool, reducing the operation time of staff and the like are completed according to the appearance, the dimension and the processing content of the processed part of the original machine tool; then, determining the mechanical structure and function of the automatic loading and unloading mechanism by taking the design target as a guide; and finally, connecting a reserved control command of the machine tool with the equipment to complete the construction of the flexible production system.

Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention provides an automatic loading and unloading mechanism of an intelligent manufacturing flexible production line, which comprises: a height-adjustable bracket fixed on the ground and an annular rotary tray moving on the bracket.

The height-adjustable support mainly comprises the following parts: a rectangular frame is formed by welding aluminum alloy square tube sections of 50X 3mm, and a pair of linear guide rails is fixed at the top end of the frame through bolts.

Optionally, the linear guide rail may be a built-in double-axis linear guide rail.

The guide rails are arranged according to the longest direction of the rectangular frame, 4 sliding blocks matched with the guide rails can freely move on the guide rails but cannot be separated from the guide rails, and the sliding blocks are connected with the bearing seat bottom plate; 4 foot cups are fixed at the lower end of the rectangular frame, so that the bracket can be fixed with the ground after being positioned, and the height of the bracket can be adjusted through the foot cups; 1 gyro wheel is fixed respectively to the side of 4 foot cups, makes things convenient for the removal of whole mechanism, and the gyro wheel total count is 4.

The main structure of the movable frame connected with the height-adjustable support is as follows: the lower part and the two sides are connected by 10 25X 3mm angle aluminum through M5 bolts, two longest longitudinal beams at the top of the movable frame are connected with a bearing seat bottom plate through 4M 5 bolts, the bearing seat bottom plate is connected with a linear guide rail slide block through 16M 5 bolts, and therefore the movable frame is moved on the height-adjustable support by taking the bearing seat bottom plate as a medium. 4 kidney-shaped holes of the bearing seat bottom plate are connected with 4 bearing seats through 8M 10 bolts, a rotating shaft with the diameter of 20mm penetrates between the two bearing seats at the front end, 2 fixing blocks are arranged on the rotating shaft, one end of each fixing block is clamped on the rotating shaft, and the other end of each fixing block is connected with the annular guide rail bottom plate through 4M 6 bolts; the tail of the movable frame is fixed by 4M 5 bolts to form an aluminum plate with a long waist-shaped hole and a thickness of 5mm, a tailstock of the rod cylinder is fixed on the long waist-shaped hole of the aluminum plate, the fixing piece is composed of two M6 bolts and two butterfly nuts, and the butterfly nuts are convenient for adjusting the height of the tailstock of the rod cylinder.

In order to realize the motion of the movable frame on the linear guide rail, a rodless cylinder bottom plate is fixed on front and rear cross beams of the height-adjustable support through 4M 10 bolts, two ends of the rodless cylinder and a rodless cylinder bottom plate connecting piece are 2L-shaped aluminum plates and 12M 6 bolts, and a sliding part of the rodless cylinder is connected with a bearing seat bottom plate so as to drive the bearing seat bottom plate and accessories on the bearing seat bottom plate to move on the linear guide rail.

The rotatory charging tray of annular is connected with 2 fixed blocks and the protractile end of having the pole cylinder, and its concrete structure is: the annular rotating tray is based on a steel plate with the thickness of 20mm, and the tail end of the bottom of the steel plate is connected with the extendable end of the rod cylinder through a rod cylinder top seat, 2M 6 bolts and 1M 10 pin; the annular rotary tray is connected on steel sheet upper portion, places 12 ring rail sliders on the ring rail, and ring rail slider does not deviate from the ring rail, arranges 1 tray frame on every ring rail slider, and the connecting piece is 4M 6 bolts, remains the tray of placing the work piece on the tray frame. Inside the ring rail 2 synchronous pulleys with 100 diameters are arranged at the respective circle centers, the synchronous pulleys drive the synchronous belt, and the connecting accessories on the synchronous belt are connected with 12 ring rail sliding blocks to drive the ring rail sliding blocks to rotate. The connecting accessory is divided into two bodies, one end of the connecting accessory is connected with the synchronous belt, the other end of the connecting accessory is connected with the annular guide rail sliding block, and a gap is formed between the two bodies to freely adjust the distance.

Two shaft holes are arranged at the front end and the rear end of the steel plate relative to the circle center of the annular track and respectively penetrate through the driving shaft and the driven shaft. The main wheel part subassembly is: the driving wheel is connected with the driving shaft through a key, the driving shaft is connected with the motor shaft through a coupler, the motor is fixed on the motor support, two waist-shaped holes are formed in the motor support and connected with the steel plate, and the waist-shaped holes are used for adjusting the distance between the two synchronous belt wheels; the bottom surface of the steel plate is connected with a bearing cup through 4M 8 bolts, 2 cylindrical roller bearings are arranged in the bearing cup, and a bearing inner ring penetrates through a driving shaft; a tensioning device is fixed on the lateral side of the bearing cup to tension the two synchronous pulleys. The driven wheel part subassembly does: 2 cylindrical roller bearings are arranged in the driven wheel, the inner ring of the bearing penetrates through the driven shaft, the bottom end of the driven shaft is connected with a driven shaft base, and a tensioning device is fixed on the side of the driven shaft base to tension the two synchronous belt pulleys.

The automatic loading and unloading mechanism provided by the invention has the following three functions: 1) an annular rotating material tray is formed by the annular guide rail and the synchronous belt, so that the processed parts and the parts to be processed are replaced in sequence, the manual feeding and discharging time of a machine tool is saved, and the autonomous operation time of the machine tool is prolonged. 2) And (3) conveying the annular rotating material disc and the parts to the upper part of a zero point positioner on a worktable of the machine tool from a side door of the machine tool by using a rodless cylinder. The concrete structure and the movement mode are as follows: the rodless cylinder fixing part is fixed with the height-adjustable support, the rodless cylinder sliding part is connected with the bottom of the annular rotating material tray, and the rodless cylinder sliding part drives the annular rotating material tray to horizontally enter and exit from the side door of the machine tool; the rodless cylinder is selected in consideration of the fact that the annular rotating material tray has larger extension amount relative to the height-adjustable support, the length of the rodless cylinder under the same extension amount is 1.5 times that of the rodless cylinder, but the length of the height-adjustable support provided with the cylinder is limited, so that the rodless cylinder is selected. 3) The rear end of the annular rotating material tray is lifted by a rod cylinder, and the front end of the annular rotating material tray is lowered to enable the processed part to be placed on the zero point positioner. The extendable end of the rod cylinder is connected with the tail support hole of the annular rotating material tray through a special Y-shaped connecting piece for the cylinder, and the connection mode can ensure that the two rotate freely relative to the axis of the tail support hole; the fixed end of the rod cylinder is connected with the sliding part of the rodless cylinder through the movable frame and the bearing block bottom plate, so that the annular rotating material tray, the sliding part of the rodless cylinder, the movable frame and the rod cylinder can all move horizontally and linearly; when the parts on the annular rotating material tray move to the position right above the zero point positioner, the rodless cylinder sliding block stops moving, and the extensible end of the rod cylinder extends out at the moment to push the tail part of the annular rotating material tray to force the rotating shaft around the bottom of the annular rotating material tray to rotate, so that the tray with the parts at the front end descends into the hole of the zero point positioner.

The initial and final positions of the rod cylinder and the rodless cylinder are simplified as shown in fig. 4, wherein a dotted thin line indicates the initial position of the rodless cylinder sliding part, a solid thin line indicates the final position of the rodless cylinder sliding part, a dotted middle thick line indicates the initial non-extending state of the rod cylinder, a dotted middle thick line indicates the final extending state of the rod cylinder, a dotted thick line indicates the initial horizontal state of the annular rotary tray, and a solid thick line indicates the final inclined state of the annular rotary tray. As can be seen from FIG. 4, when the final extension of the rod cylinder is L, the front end of the annular rotary tray descends H. A is the length of the rod cylinder which does not extend out, B is the length of the annular rotating material tray, C is the stroke of the sliding part of the rodless cylinder, A + L is the length of the rod cylinder which extends out, and theta is the angle of the annular rotating material tray which is pushed to rotate by the extension of the rod cylinder.

1-3, the rollers 1 are 4 in total, and can adjust the position of the whole mechanism;

the number of the foot cups 2 is 4, and the height of the whole mechanism can be adjusted;

the number of the linear guide rail sliding blocks 3 is 4, and the linear guide rail sliding blocks drive the bearing seat bottom plate to move on the linear guide rail;

the number of the bearing seat bottom plates is 2, and the movable frame 5 and an annular rotary material tray (comprising a tray 7, a tray frame 9, an annular guide rail slide block 10, a connecting accessory left 11, a connecting accessory right 12, an annular guide rail 13, a synchronous belt 14, a synchronous belt pulley 15, a synchronous belt pulley shaft 16, a bottom steel plate 17 and other parts) are connected and move on a linear guide rail;

the number of the movable frames 5 is 1, a rod cylinder 6 and an annular rotary material tray are connected, and the movable frames move on a linear guide rail;

the number of the rod cylinders 6 is 1, and the annular rotating material tray is pushed to rotate around a shaft 23;

the number of the trays 7 is 12, and clamps and workpieces to be processed are placed on the trays;

the number of the linear guide rails 8 is 2, the linear guide rails are fixed with the height-adjustable support, and the linear guide rail sliding blocks 3 move on the linear guide rails without being separated from each other;

the number of the tray frames 9 is 12, the tray frames are fixed with the annular guide rail slide block 10, and the trays 7 are arranged on the tray frames;

the annular guide rail sliders 10 are 12 in number, are connected with the annular guide rail 13 and move on the annular guide rail 13, and do not separate from each other;

the left connecting accessories 11 and the right connecting accessories 12 are respectively connected with the annular guide rail slide block 10, the right connecting accessories 12 are connected with the synchronous belt 14, and the connecting accessories enable the tray 7 and the tray frame 9 to move on the annular guide rail 13; each attachment accessory may be a bent strut.

The number of the annular guide rails 13 is 1, and the annular guide rails are connected with a bottom steel plate 17 to finish the actions of oblique feeding and discharging and the like;

1 synchronous belt 14 is combined with a synchronous belt wheel 15 to drive an annular guide rail slide block 10 and the like and a tray 7 and a tray frame 9 on the annular guide rail slide block to move on an annular guide rail 13;

the number of the synchronous belt wheels 15 is 2, the number of the synchronous belt wheel shafts 16 is 2, and the synchronous belt wheels are combined to complete rotation;

the number of the bottom steel plates 17 is 1, and the annular rotating material tray is driven to horizontally move and incline;

the number of the rodless cylinders 18 is 1, and the rodless cylinders drive the bottom steel plate 17 and the annular rotary material tray to horizontally move;

the number of the aluminum alloy sections 19 is 12, and the height-adjustable support is formed;

the left 20 and the right 25 synchronous pulley tensioning devices are respectively 1, and the distance between the two synchronous pulleys can be changed by adjusting the bolt positions;

the number of the driven wheel shaft mounting seats 21 is 1, and the driven wheel shafts are fixed on the bottom steel plate;

the number of the pull nails is 12, and the zero positioner fixes the tray and the workpiece on the tray by clamping the pull nails;

1 rotating shaft 23 in total, and the annular rotating material coil rotates around the rotating shaft to complete the action of enabling the blind rivet under the tray to enter or separate from the zero positioner;

the number of the bearing seats 24 is 4, and the rotating shaft and the supporting steel plate are fixed;

the motor support 26 and the motor 27 are respectively 1, and are combined to complete the driving of the synchronous pulley.

The invention provides an automatic loading and unloading mechanism of an intelligent manufacturing flexible production line, which specifically comprises the following steps:

1) fixing 12 workpieces to be processed on a tray 7 through a clamp;

2) the motor 27 rotates a fixed angle through a machine tool instruction to reset the 12 trays, wherein the tray at the rightmost end and the zero positioner are on the same straight line;

3) the rodless cylinder 18 enables the sliding part to move right through a machine tool instruction and drives the annular rotating material tray and the tray to enter a side door of the machine tool, at the moment, the stroke of the rodless cylinder reaches the maximum position, and the blind rivet below the tray at the rightmost end is over against the blind rivet hole of the zero-point positioner;

4) the rod cylinder 6 extends out through the action of a machine tool instruction, so that the annular rotating material tray rotates around the shaft 23, the blind rivet below the tray enters the blind rivet hole of the zero positioner until the blind rivet completely enters the blind rivet hole, and the rod cylinder continues to move to separate the tray frame from the tray;

5) the rodless cylinder 18 moves the sliding part to the left through a machine tool instruction and drives the annular rotating material tray and the tray to slide out of the side door of the machine tool (at the moment, the annular rotating material tray and the other 11 workpieces are still in an inclined state);

6) starting the machine tool to process the workpiece;

7) after the workpieces are machined, the sliding part of the rodless cylinder 18 moves to the right through a machine tool instruction and drives the annular rotating material tray and the tray to enter a side door of the machine tool (at the moment, the annular rotating material tray and the other 11 workpieces are still in an inclined state), the rodless cylinder 18 reaches the maximum stroke position, and the tray frame is located right below the tray at the moment;

8) the rod cylinder 6 retracts through the command action of the machine tool, so that the annular rotating tray rotates around the shaft 23, the tray frame is combined with the bottom groove of the tray to support the tray, the blind rivet below the tray is separated from the blind rivet hole of the zero locator until the blind rivet is completely separated from the blind rivet hole (at the moment, the annular rotating tray and 12 workpieces are in a horizontal state)

9) And the motor 27 rotates by a fixed angle through a machine tool instruction, so that the next tray of the rightmost tray rotates to the rightmost end, and then the steps 1) to 9) are repeated until the 12 workpieces are machined.

The embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent implementations or modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.