阅读说明：本技术 一种废旧电池铅泥脱硫加工再利用的方法 (Method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste battery ) 是由 应允峰 魏允有 朱庆勇 于 2021-10-16 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种废旧电池铅泥脱硫加工再利用的方法,涉及废电池回收技术领域。本发明包括以下步骤：Step1：将回收的废铅蓄电池投入破碎机破碎,破碎机将废铅蓄电池破碎为100目大小的固体碎块；Step2：将破碎后的固体碎块倒入水分池进行筛分,塑料和橡胶碎块在水力作用下浮在水面,铅板栅沉入水底；Step3：筛分后的铅板栅进行烘干和过滤,过滤采用100目的震动筛网,大小不达标的铅板栅重复Step2,大小达标的铅板通过压滤机进行液固分离并产出铅泥和过滤液；Step4：将铅泥送入脱硫槽中,加入氢氧化钠溶液中,在温度为80℃下进行反应,添加碳酸钠作为催化剂,加快反应速度,脱硫槽中设置搅拌装置,先将搅拌装置转速设置为150rad/min,将原料搅拌20min,使铅泥成浆。(The invention discloses a method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste batteries, and relates to the technical field of waste battery recovery. The invention comprises the following steps: step 1: putting the recovered waste lead storage batteries into a crusher for crushing, and crushing the waste lead storage batteries into solid fragments with the size of 100 meshes by the crusher; step 2: pouring the crushed solid fragments into a water separation tank for screening, wherein the plastic and rubber fragments float on the water surface under the action of water power, and the lead plate grid is sunk into the water bottom; step 3: drying and filtering the screened lead plate grids, wherein a vibration screen of 100 meshes is adopted for filtering, Step2 is repeated on lead plate grids with substandard sizes, and the lead plates with substandard sizes are subjected to liquid-solid separation through a filter press to produce lead mud and filtrate; step 4: the method comprises the following steps of conveying lead slime into a desulfurization tank, adding the lead slime into a sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at the temperature of 80 ℃, adding sodium carbonate as a catalyst to accelerate the reaction speed, arranging a stirring device in the desulfurization tank, setting the rotating speed of the stirring device to be 150rad/min, and stirring raw materials for 20min to enable the lead slime to be slurried.)

1. A method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste batteries is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: putting the recovered waste lead storage batteries into a crusher for crushing, and crushing the waste lead storage batteries into solid fragments with the size of 100 meshes by the crusher;

step 2: pouring the crushed solid fragments into a water separation tank for screening, wherein the plastic and rubber fragments float on the water surface under the action of water power, and the lead plate grid is sunk into the water bottom;

step 3: drying and filtering the screened lead plate grids, wherein a vibration screen of 100 meshes is adopted for filtering, Step2 is repeated on lead plate grids with substandard sizes, and the lead plates with substandard sizes are subjected to liquid-solid separation through a filter press to produce lead mud and filtrate;

step 4: the method comprises the following steps of (1) feeding lead slime into a desulfurization tank, adding the lead slime into a sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at the temperature of 80 ℃, adding sodium carbonate as a catalyst to accelerate the reaction speed, arranging a stirring device in the desulfurization tank, setting the rotating speed of the stirring device to be 150rad/min, and stirring raw materials for 20min to enable the lead slime to be slurried;

step 5: then setting the rotating speed of the stirring device to be 300rad/min to 500rad/min to carry out variable speed stirring on the lead slime, stirring for 30min, standing for 10min, and then repeating Step4 again;

step 6: standing again after the stirring of Step5 is finished, separating solid from liquid in the desulfurization tank, pumping out a liquid product, carrying out filter pressing on the desulfurized lead mud again, and repeating Step4 on the obtained lead mud again;

step 7: sending the desulfurized lead mud produced in Step7 to a washing pool, and continuously washing the desulfurized lead mud by using distilled water until the pH value of the desulfurized lead mud is neutral;

step 8: and smelting the desulfurized lead slime after water washing into lead ingots at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ in a smelting furnace.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein Step1, the external metal and plastic covering parts are removed before the waste lead storage battery is crushed, the electrolyte of the crushed lead storage battery is sent to an electrolyte recovery device for recovery, the electrolyte recovery device first recovers free acid and retains metal salt through a diffusion dialyzer, and the recovered acid is added with original concentrated acid to raise the concentration to 75%.

3. The method for recycling the grids from disassembled waste batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filtrate produced in the Step3 is purified and crystallized, so that the lead slime component remained in the filtrate is mixed in the lead slime and the Step4 is performed.

4. The method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste batteries according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in Step4 is 1.2%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.2% of the total mass of the lead slime, and the mass of the sodium carbonate in Step4 accounts for 1.2% of the total mass of the lead slime.

5. The method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime from waste batteries according to claim 1, wherein the time of one process of Step4-Step5 is 1 hour.

6. The method for the desulfurization processing and recycling of the lead slime of the waste batteries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water washing operation in Step7 is implemented by the following specific method: placing the desulfurized lead mud produced in Step6 in a washing tank and soaking the desulfurized lead mud into a washing pool, wherein water passing holes are formed in the surface of the washing tank, the diameter of each water passing hole is smaller than that of the desulfurized lead mud, the desulfurized lead mud is soaked for 10min after pure water completely submerges the desulfurized lead mud, and then the washing tank is horizontally shaken to enable the desulfurized lead mud to be fully contacted with the pure water.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of waste battery recovery, in particular to a method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste batteries.

Background

With the continuous development of lead-acid storage battery technology, lead-acid storage batteries have made great progress in the aspects of theoretical research, product types, product varieties, product electrical properties and the like, and the lead-acid storage batteries play an indispensable important role in various economic fields of transportation, communication, electric power, military, navigation and aviation, and are roughly divided into four categories according to the structural and application differences of the lead-acid storage batteries: 1. a lead-acid battery for starting; 2. a lead-acid battery for power; 3. a fixed valve-regulated sealed lead-acid battery; 4. other types include small valve-regulated sealed lead-acid batteries, lead-acid batteries for mining lamps, etc., and the nominal voltage of a single-cell lead-acid battery is 2.0V, which can be discharged to 1.5V and charged to 2.4V. In application, 6 single-cell lead-acid batteries are often connected in series to form a lead-acid battery with the nominal value of 12V, and 24V, 36V, 48V and the like;

although lead storage batteries bring great convenience to human life, the lead storage batteries can cause great damage to the environment after being discarded, the lead storage batteries also occupy most of the market share of the world, and with the stricter and stricter stipulation of terms such as environmental protection laws and regulations, the discarded lead-acid batteries are in great quantity every year, so that not only is the soil environment of the world destroyed, but also the resource shortage is highlighted more and more along with the collection of lead ores, the cost of enterprises when processing the discarded lead storage batteries is higher and more, and therefore, the recycling of resources is also paid more and more attention to;

the prior art generally adopts when carrying out lead accumulator's recovery that the mixture is smashed and is retrieved, and the rate of recovery is low and with high costs, and the resource of retrieving is few, can't adapt to present more and more strict recovery requirement, and the usable material cost of retrieving probably exceeds the cost of direct purchase from the market far away to easily illegal environmental protection discharges relevant regulation, causes very big waste at enterprise's production.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste batteries, which solves the problems of low recovery efficiency and easy waste.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste batteries, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: putting the recovered waste lead storage batteries into a crusher for crushing, and crushing the waste lead storage batteries into solid fragments with the size of 100 meshes by the crusher;

step 2: pouring the crushed solid fragments into a water separation tank for screening, wherein the plastic and rubber fragments float on the water surface under the action of water power, and the lead plate grid is sunk into the water bottom;

step 3: drying and filtering the screened lead plate grids, wherein a vibration screen of 100 meshes is adopted for filtering, Step2 is repeated on lead plate grids with substandard sizes, and the lead plates with substandard sizes are subjected to liquid-solid separation through a filter press to produce lead mud and filtrate;

step 4: the method comprises the following steps of (1) feeding lead slime into a desulfurization tank, adding the lead slime into a sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at the temperature of 80 ℃, adding sodium carbonate as a catalyst to accelerate the reaction speed, arranging a stirring device in the desulfurization tank, setting the rotating speed of the stirring device to be 150rad/min, and stirring raw materials for 20min to enable the lead slime to be slurried;

step 5: then setting the rotating speed of the stirring device to be 300rad/min to 500rad/min to carry out variable speed stirring on the lead slime, stirring for 30min, standing for 10min, and then repeating Step4 again;

step 6: standing again after the stirring of Step5 is finished, separating solid from liquid in the desulfurization tank, pumping out a liquid product, carrying out filter pressing on the desulfurized lead mud again, and repeating Step4 on the obtained lead mud again;

step 7: sending the desulfurized lead mud produced in Step7 to a washing pool, and continuously washing the desulfurized lead mud by using distilled water until the pH value of the desulfurized lead mud is neutral;

step 8: and smelting the desulfurized lead slime after water washing into lead ingots at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ in a smelting furnace.

Further, in Step1, before the waste lead storage battery is crushed, the external metal and plastic covering parts are firstly removed, the electrolyte of the lead storage battery during crushing is conveyed to an electrolyte recovery device for recovery, the electrolyte recovery device firstly recovers free acid and retains metal salt through a diffusion dialyzer, and the recovered acid is added with the original concentrated acid to increase the concentration to 75%.

Further, the filtrate produced in Step3 is purified and crystallized, so that the lead slime component remained in the filtrate is extracted, and then the lead slime is carried out in Step 4.

Further, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in Step4 is 1.2%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.2% of the total mass of the lead mud, and the mass of the sodium carbonate in Step4 accounts for 1.2% of the total mass of the lead mud.

Further, the Step4-Step5 procedure took 1 hour.

Further, the specific manner of the water washing operation in Step7 is as follows: placing the desulfurized lead mud produced in Step6 in a washing tank and soaking the desulfurized lead mud into a washing pool, wherein water passing holes are formed in the surface of the washing tank, the diameter of each water passing hole is smaller than that of the desulfurized lead mud, the desulfurized lead mud is soaked for 10min after pure water completely submerges the desulfurized lead mud, and then the washing tank is horizontally shaken to enable the desulfurized lead mud to be fully contacted with the pure water.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, the lead-containing components of the waste lead storage battery are more finely crushed, the produced lead mud is rapidly desulfurized under the action of the sodium hydroxide solution and the sodium carbonate, a faster reaction speed can be obtained by matching with the stirring of the stirring device, the time of a recovery process is saved, the recovery effect is better, the waste is less, the recovered lead ingots can be directly put into production and use, the production and recovery cost is reduced, and the resource waste is avoided.

The method can effectively recover acid components in the electrolyte by recovering the electrolyte, can be put into acid cleaning production by adding the original concentrated acid proportion, and can recover the residual lead slime components in the filtrate by crystallizing the filtrate in the filter pressing process, thereby effectively improving the recovery rate of various resources in the recovery process of the lead storage battery, having better recovery effect and lower environmental pollution.

Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an operation flow chart of the method for desulfurization processing and recycling of lead slime of waste batteries.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1: the invention relates to a method for desulfurizing, processing and recycling lead slime of waste batteries, which comprises the following steps:

step 1: putting the recovered waste lead storage batteries into a crusher for crushing, and crushing the waste lead storage batteries into solid fragments with the size of 100 meshes by the crusher;

step 2: pouring the crushed solid fragments into a water separation tank for screening, wherein the plastic and rubber fragments float on the water surface under the action of water power, and the lead plate grid is sunk into the water bottom;

step 3: drying and filtering the screened lead plate grids, wherein a vibration screen of 100 meshes is adopted for filtering, Step2 is repeated on lead plate grids with substandard sizes, and the lead plates with substandard sizes are subjected to liquid-solid separation through a filter press to produce lead mud and filtrate;

step 4: the method comprises the following steps of (1) feeding lead slime into a desulfurization tank, adding the lead slime into a sodium hydroxide solution, reacting at the temperature of 80 ℃, adding sodium carbonate as a catalyst to accelerate the reaction speed, arranging a stirring device in the desulfurization tank, setting the rotating speed of the stirring device to be 150rad/min, and stirring raw materials for 20min to enable the lead slime to be slurried;

step 5: then setting the rotating speed of the stirring device to be 300rad/min to 500rad/min to carry out variable speed stirring on the lead slime, stirring for 30min, standing for 10min, and then repeating Step4 again;

step 6: standing again after the stirring of Step5 is finished, separating solid from liquid in the desulfurization tank, pumping out a liquid product, carrying out filter pressing on the desulfurized lead mud again, and repeating Step4 on the obtained lead mud again;

step 7: sending the desulfurized lead mud produced in Step7 to a washing pool, and continuously washing the desulfurized lead mud by using distilled water until the pH value of the desulfurized lead mud is neutral;

step 8: and smelting the desulfurized lead slime after water washing into lead ingots at the temperature of 400-700 ℃ in a smelting furnace.

Preferably, the external metal and plastic covering parts are removed before the waste lead storage battery is crushed in Step1, the electrolyte of the lead storage battery during crushing is conveyed to an electrolyte recovery device for recovery, the electrolyte recovery device firstly recovers free acid and retains metal salt through a diffusion dialyzer, and the recovered acid is added with the original concentrated acid to increase the concentration to 75%.

Preferably, the filtrate produced in Step3 is purified and crystallized, so that the lead slime component remained in the filtrate is extracted, and then the lead slime is carried out in Step 4.

Preferably, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution in Step4 is 1.2%, the mass of the sodium hydroxide accounts for 1.2% of the total mass of the lead mud, and the mass of the sodium carbonate in Step4 accounts for 1.2% of the total mass of the lead mud.

Preferably, the Step4-Step5 process takes 1 hour.

Preferably, the specific manner of the water washing operation in Step7 is as follows: placing the desulfurized lead mud produced in Step6 in a washing tank and soaking the desulfurized lead mud into a washing pool, wherein water passing holes are formed in the surface of the washing tank, the diameter of each water passing hole is smaller than that of the desulfurized lead mud, the desulfurized lead mud is soaked for 10min after pure water completely submerges the desulfurized lead mud, and then the washing tank is horizontally shaken to enable the desulfurized lead mud to be fully contacted with the pure water.

In this scheme, through the lead-containing composition to old and useless lead accumulator carry out more careful breakage, the lead slime of production is desulfurization rapidly under the effect of sodium hydroxide solution and sodium carbonate, and the stirring of cooperation agitating unit can obtain faster reaction rate, saves the time of retrieving the process, carries out chemical desulfurization through the repetition, and it is better to retrieve the effect, and extravagant few, the lead ingot of recovery can directly put into production and use, reduction in production and recovery cost avoid the wasting of resources.

In this scheme, through retrieving electrolyte, can effectively retrieve the acid composition in the electrolyte, add former concentrated acid ratio again and can drop into the pickling production, crystallize through the filtrate to the filter-pressing in-process to retrieve the surplus lead slime composition in the filtrate, effectively promote the rate of recovery to various resources in the lead accumulator recovery process, it is better to retrieve the effect, and environmental pollution is lower.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.