阅读说明：本技术 异形转轴梁的加工方法 (Method for processing special-shaped rotating shaft beam ) 是由 刘波 赵应鑫 陈云 陈茂军 姚佳志 高巍 于 2021-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种异形转轴梁的加工方法,包括将待加工件粗加工以形成具有转轴梁雏形的毛坯加工件,对型腔加工区进行外形粗铣,所述外形粗铣过程包括先用平面铣去除表面余量,再用摆轴铣进行均匀铣削以在型腔加工区表面形成由一端向另一端过渡的平滑倾斜面；对型腔加工区进行型腔粗铣,所述型腔粗铣过程包括先用插铣以形成腔体,并在腔体的侧壁预留加强筋,再粗铣腔体的内侧壁面；对通轴加工区进行精车处理,以形成通轴加工区的内孔；对型腔加工区的外形以及型腔进行精铣处理。通过平面铣和摆轴铣的组合加工方式,提高粗加工的质量以及效率。通过插铣的方式减少振刀,使加工过程更加平稳,从而提高良品率。(The invention provides a processing method of a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, which comprises the steps of roughly processing a workpiece to be processed to form a blank processed part with a rotating shaft beam prototype, and roughly milling the shape of a cavity processing area, wherein the rough milling process of the shape comprises the steps of firstly removing surface allowance by using a plane mill, and then uniformly milling by using a swing shaft mill to form a smooth inclined plane which is transited from one end to the other end on the surface of the cavity processing area; carrying out cavity rough milling on a cavity machining area, wherein the cavity rough milling process comprises the steps of firstly forming a cavity by plunge milling, reserving reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the cavity, and then roughly milling the inner side wall surface of the cavity; carrying out finish turning treatment on the through shaft machining area to form an inner hole of the through shaft machining area; and carrying out finish milling treatment on the shape of the cavity machining area and the cavity. The quality and the efficiency of rough machining are improved by a combined machining mode of plane milling and swing shaft milling. The mode through the plunge milling reduces the sword that shakes, makes the course of working more steady to improve the yields.)

1. A processing method of a special-shaped rotating shaft beam is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: roughly machining a workpiece to be machined to form a blank machined part with a rotating shaft beam prototype, wherein the blank machined part at least forms a fixing area, a cavity machining area and a through shaft machining area;

step two: carrying out shape rough milling on the cavity machining area, wherein the shape rough milling process comprises the steps of firstly removing surface allowance by using a plane mill, and then uniformly milling by using a swing shaft mill so as to form a smooth inclined plane which is transited from one end to the other end on the surface of the cavity machining area;

step three: carrying out cavity rough milling on a cavity machining area, wherein the cavity rough milling process comprises the steps of firstly forming a cavity by plunge milling, reserving reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the cavity, and then roughly milling the inner side wall surface of the cavity;

step four: carrying out finish turning treatment on the through shaft machining area to form an inner hole of the through shaft machining area;

step five: and carrying out finish milling treatment on the shape of the cavity machining area and the cavity.

2. The method for processing the special-shaped spindle beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second step is specifically as follows:

milling the surface of the cavity processing area in a plane milling mode to form a plurality of step surfaces on the surface;

and milling a plurality of step surfaces by using a swing shaft to form smooth inclined surfaces, wherein the angle of the cutter shaft is properly adjusted to ensure that the allowance of each layer of processed cutter shaft is uniform.

3. The method of processing a profiled axle beam according to claim 2,

the plane milling adopts a milling cutter with phi 63, the cutting width is 42mm, the cutting depth is 2mm, the feeding speed is 1000mmpm, and the rotating speed is 800 rpm;

the pendulum shaft milling adopts a phi 63 milling cutter, the cutting width is 31.5mm, the cutting depth is 3mm, the feeding speed is 1000mmpm, and the rotating speed is 800 rpm.

4. The method of processing a profiled axle beam according to claim 2,

in the process of plane milling, the height of the step surface needs to be controlled, so that the cutting width of the swing shaft milling is always not larger than the diameter of a cutter.

5. The method for processing the special-shaped spindle beam according to claim 1, wherein the third step is specifically as follows:

the rough milling of the cavity is layered processing, each layer of processing adopts a mode of firstly plunge milling and then rough milling of the inner wall surface, and reinforcing ribs are reserved on the inner wall surface, wherein during plunge milling, a cutter is required to be in contact with a blank machined part from a surface without chips.

6. The method of processing a profiled axle beam according to claim 5,

before each layer of cavity is roughly milled, the blank machined part needs to be turned, and the cutting scraps are discharged and then machined.

7. The method of processing a profiled axle beam according to claim 5,

and the plunge milling adopts a U-shaped drill as a plunge milling cutter.

8. The method of processing a profiled axle beam according to claim 5,

the single-layer cutting depth of the plunge milling satisfies the following requirements:

H＝2h_q+h_mR

wherein H is the single layer depth of cut, H_qThickness of the single layer chip, h_mR is a chip holding coefficient for a chip extrusion thickness that does not significantly affect machining.

9. The method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to claim 5, wherein the method for designing the reinforcing rib comprises the following steps:

determining a part clamping condition;

preliminarily determining machining parameters and cutter parameters;

cutting force analysis based on finite elements;

response analysis based on finite elements;

judging whether the response amplitude is smaller than the tolerance requirement of the part;

when the conditions are met, the design of the reinforcing rib is completed; when it does not meet the above conditions, the design of the reinforcing bars is adjusted and the response analysis based on finite elements is repeated until the response amplitude meets the requirement of being less than the part tolerance.

10. The method for processing the special-shaped spindle beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the profile finish-milling treatment of the cavity processing area comprises:

carrying out finish milling treatment on the appearance of the cavity machining area by adopting a five-axis linkage milling mode, and providing a supporting force for the process by using a reserved reinforcing rib;

the cavity finish milling treatment of the cavity machining area comprises the following steps:

and after finishing the appearance finish milling treatment, finish machining the cavities in a layered manner according to the depth of the cavities, wherein each layer of cavity adopts a side edge milling mode to finish milling the inner wall surface, and simultaneously removes the reserved reinforcing ribs, after the process is finished, the next layer of repeated machining is carried out, and when the bottom of the cavity is machined, finish machining is finished in a plunge milling mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of processing of rotating shaft cavities, in particular to a processing method of a special-shaped rotating shaft beam.

Background

The pivot is the main load-bearing structure of aircraft rudder face, is the key part of connecting rudder face and fuselage, and one end need laminate the rudder face appearance, and one end needs to drive the rudder face and rotates, and it except will bearing great torsional load, still will guarantee the rudder face rigidity and reduce part weight as far as possible, therefore this type of part is mostly deep cavity hollow shaft structure.

The structure of the rotating shaft type part has advantages in performance, and simultaneously brings corresponding difficulties in processing. The characteristics of the deep cavity and the thin wall make the processing efficiency and the processing precision of the part difficult to simultaneously guarantee when the part is processed. The combined structure of the shaft and the molded surface makes the part have high requirements on the angular tolerance of the molded surface and the shaft, so that the angular tolerance of the part is difficult to ensure by the conventional machining mode. For the shaft inner hole machining part of the rotating shaft, a better technology is available, for example, the publication number is CN211727533U, which is named as a machining tool for the bottom surface of an inner hole end surface groove, and the machining of the inner hole bottom can be better carried out.

However, for the processing of the cavity, a single cavity processing mode is generally adopted at present, so that on one hand, the processing efficiency is difficult to ensure, and the situations of cutter vibration and the like are easily caused; on the other hand, when the shape of the cavity is processed, the thin wall of the cavity is easily damaged.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art.

Therefore, the invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam.

The invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, which comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: roughly machining a workpiece to be machined to form a blank machined part with a rotating shaft beam prototype, wherein the blank machined part at least forms a fixing area, a cavity machining area and a through shaft machining area;

step two: carrying out shape rough milling on the cavity machining area, wherein the shape rough milling process comprises the steps of firstly removing surface allowance by using a plane mill, and then uniformly milling by using a swing shaft mill so as to form a smooth inclined plane which is transited from one end to the other end on the surface of the cavity machining area;

step three: carrying out cavity rough milling on a cavity machining area, wherein the cavity rough milling process comprises the steps of firstly forming a cavity by plunge milling, reserving reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the cavity, and then roughly milling the inner side wall surface of the cavity;

step four: carrying out finish turning treatment on the through shaft machining area to form an inner hole of the through shaft machining area;

step five: and carrying out finish milling treatment on the shape of the cavity machining area and the cavity.

The invention provides a processing method of a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, which is characterized in that firstly, a workpiece to be processed is roughly processed to form a blank processing part with a rotating shaft beam prototype, and the blank processing part is provided with a fixing area, a cavity processing area and a through shaft processing area. Specifically, firstly, scribing a workpiece to be processed, determining blank allowance, and then prefabricating a center hole, wherein the center hole is formed in two ends of a fixing area and a through shaft processing area, so that the workpiece to be processed can be conveniently fixed by a machine tool, and then the through shaft shape of the through shaft processing area is lathed out, and redundant parts are removed. After the steps are completed, the shape of the cavity machining area is roughly milled, and the mode of plane milling and swing spindle milling is adopted, wherein the allowance of the surface is removed by the plane milling to form a step surface, the step surface is removed by the swing spindle milling to form a smooth inclined surface on the surface, and the process changes the traditional single cutting mode, so that the efficiency and the quality of rough machining are improved. The rough milling of the cavity in the cavity processing area is carried out, and the plunge milling can reduce the radial cutting force and further reduce the deformation of a cutter and a workpiece by firstly using a plunge milling mode and then carrying out the rough milling of the inner wall of the cavity; the cutting force has no sudden change in the plunge milling cutting process, thereby effectively avoiding the vibration of a machine tool cutter system and ensuring the cutting process to be stable. In addition, the reserved reinforcing ribs can also provide supporting force for processing the appearance of the cavity, so that the damage to the cavity is avoided, and the yield is improved. And carrying out finish turning treatment on the through shaft machining area. Specifically, adopt diameter 60 mm's shockproof cutter arbor, if the cutter arbor diameter still is greater than the minimum radius of hole, lead to the lathe tool can't carry out comprehensive processing to the hole, can realize pivot roof beam bottom hole finish machining through the citation file among the background art, specifically be the tool bit of changing different angles for under the prerequisite that does not change the lathe tool stroke, change the cutting region of lathe tool, in order to reach flat purpose. And after finishing the processing of the inner hole, finely turning the outer circle of the through shaft processing area so as to finish the processing of the whole through shaft processing area. And after the steps are finished, performing finish milling treatment on the shape of the cavity machining area and the cavity.

Therefore, the machining method of the special-shaped rotating shaft beam provided by the invention improves the quality and efficiency of rough machining by a combined machining mode of plane milling and swing shaft milling. The mode through the plunge milling reduces the sword that shakes, makes the course of working more steady to improve the yields.

According to the processing method of the special-shaped rotating shaft beam in the technical scheme, the processing method can also have the following additional technical characteristics:

in the above technical solution, the second step is specifically: milling the surface of the cavity processing area in a plane milling mode to form a plurality of step surfaces on the surface; and milling a plurality of step surfaces by using a swing shaft to form a smooth inclined surface, wherein the angle of the cutter shaft is properly adjusted to ensure that the allowance of each layer of processed cutter shaft is uniform.

In the technical scheme, the plane milling is used for milling the surface of the cavity machining area so as to form a step surface, and then the swing shaft milling is used for milling the step surface so as to form a smooth inclined surface. The surface of the cavity processing area is formed more smoothly by a combination mode of plane milling and swing shaft milling.

In the technical scheme, the milling cutter with the diameter of 63 is adopted for the plane milling, the cutting width is 42mm, the cutting depth is 2mm, the feeding speed is 1000mmpm, and the rotating speed is 800 rpm; the pendulum shaft milling adopts a phi 63 milling cutter, the cutting width is 31.5mm, the cutting depth is 3mm, the feeding speed is 1000mmpm, and the rotating speed is 800 rpm.

In the technical scheme, specific processing parameters are related to a cutter, a part material, a machine tool model, a clamping mode and the like, and influence factors are more, so that the milling cutter of the plane milling and the swing shaft milling are further limited, and the milling quality is ensured.

In the technical scheme, in the process of plane milling, the height of the step surface needs to be controlled, so that the width of the swing shaft milling is always not larger than the diameter of a cutter.

In the technical scheme, the height of the step surface is controlled, so that the cutting width of the swing spindle milling machine is not larger than the diameter of a cutter all the time, and the cutting depth of the swing spindle milling machine can be guaranteed to be unchanged. Specifically, the angle of the pendulum shaft is limited by the clamping condition, and the angle and the step height jointly determine whether the pendulum shaft can ensure constant cutting depth during milling, so that the setting of the angle of the pendulum shaft needs to be matched with the step height, and the constant cutting depth can be ensured.

In the above technical solution, the third step is specifically: the rough milling of the cavity is layered processing, each layer of processing adopts a mode of firstly plunge milling and then rough milling of the inner wall surface, and reinforcing ribs are reserved on the inner wall surface, wherein during plunge milling, a cutter is required to be in contact with a blank machined part from a surface without chips.

In the technical scheme, the rough milling of the cavity adopts layered processing. And the layered processing is specifically to insert mill and then rough mill the inner wall surface of the cavity, so that the problem of cavity damage caused by one-step molding is avoided. In addition, the reinforcing ribs can provide supporting force for the shape processing of the cavity, so that the yield is improved. The cutter is contacted with a blank machined part from a surface without chips, so that the cutter feeding caused by involving in cutting can be avoided, and the milling stability is ensured.

In the technical scheme, before each layer of cavity is roughly milled, a blank machined part needs to be turned, and the machining is carried out after chips of the blank machined part are discharged.

In the technical scheme, before each layer of cavity is roughly milled, a blank machined part needs to be turned over, and the machining is carried out after chips of the blank machined part are discharged. In particular, with a closed inner cavity, normal chip discharge is difficult, forming a chip pool. If the cutting chips cannot be removed in time, when the cavity is milled, the cutter is fed from the cutting chip pool, the cutting chips are easily embedded between the cutter and the part, the cutting allowance is frequently changed suddenly, and the cutter is vibrated. Therefore, through the arrangement, the situation that the chips are extruded during cutting and need to be matched with the layered machining can be avoided, and when a chip pool with a certain depth is formed, the part is turned over, the chips are poured out, and then the next layer of machining is carried out.

In the technical scheme, the plunge milling adopts a U-shaped drill as a plunge milling cutter.

In the technical scheme, the plunge milling adopts a U-shaped drill as a plunge milling cutter. For deep cavity machining, the greater the depth, the greater the diameter of the tool to be selected for optimum machining efficiency. However, the larger the diameter of the tool, the poorer the economy of the conventional end mill compared with the U-drill, and the dimension of the tool cannot meet the requirement of cavity machining, so that the larger the diameter can be selected by using the U-drill, the higher the machining efficiency is obtained, and the better economy is also obtained.

In the technical scheme, the single-layer cutting depth of the plunge milling satisfies the following requirements:

H＝2h_q+h_mR

wherein H is the single layer depth of cut, H_qThickness of the single layer chip, h_mR is a chip holding coefficient for a chip extrusion thickness that does not significantly affect machining.

In this solution, the single layer cutting depth of plunge milling is defined. Specifically, it is first necessary to set the chip pressing thickness h, which is a thickness at which two layers of chips on the surface of the chip pool are discharged by the tool without generating extrusion and does not significantly affect machining, to be set_mThe thickness h of a layer of chips can be obtained according to the shape and type of the chips_qAnd the chip containing coefficient R has set parameters, so the actual cutting depth of the chip containing coefficient R needs to be adjusted and determined in actual cutting machining.

In the above technical solution, the method for designing the reinforcing rib includes:

determining a part clamping condition;

preliminarily determining machining parameters and cutter parameters;

cutting force analysis based on finite elements;

response analysis based on finite elements;

judging whether the response amplitude is smaller than the tolerance requirement of the part;

when the conditions are met, the design of the reinforcing rib is completed; when it does not meet the above conditions, the design of the reinforcing bars is adjusted and the response analysis based on finite elements is repeated until the response amplitude meets the requirement of being less than the part tolerance.

In this technical solution, a design method of the reinforcing rib is defined. Specifically, because the process reinforcing rib is not the original part of the part and needs to be removed along with the processing, the design of the reinforcing rib needs to be selected in a compromise mode between the increased strength and the increased machining allowance, after the reinforcing rib completes the design process, preferably, the reinforcing rib is subjected to subtraction design so as to reduce the machining allowance brought by the reinforcing rib to the maximum extent, the subtraction design method is the same, namely, the size of the reinforcing rib is reduced, response analysis is carried out again, whether the machining performance requirement can be met is judged, and if the machining performance requirement cannot be met, the adjustment is continued until the design is completed.

In the above technical solution, the shape finish milling process of the cavity machining area includes:

carrying out finish milling treatment on the appearance of the cavity machining area by adopting a five-axis linkage milling mode, and providing a supporting force for the process by using a reserved reinforcing rib;

the cavity finish milling treatment of the cavity machining area comprises the following steps:

and after finishing the appearance finish milling treatment, finish machining the cavities in a layered manner according to the depth of the cavities, wherein each layer of cavity adopts a side edge milling mode to finish milling the inner wall surface, and simultaneously removes the reserved reinforcing ribs, after the process is finished, the next layer of repeated machining is carried out, and when the bottom of the cavity is machined, finish machining is finished in a plunge milling mode.

In the technical scheme, the shape finish milling treatment and the cavity finish milling treatment of the cavity machining area are limited. Specifically, a part appearance profile is machined through five-axis linkage, the wall thickness of a cavity is thick, machining rigidity of the profile is enough to inhibit part vibration, and machining can be completed with high machining efficiency and the precision requirement of the part can be met during finish milling of the appearance. Specifically, finish machining is carried out on the cavities in a layered mode according to the depth of the cavities, wherein each layer of cavity is subjected to finish milling on the inner wall surface in a side edge milling mode, reserved reinforcing ribs are removed at the same time, then the next layer of cavity is repeatedly machined after the process is finished, and finish machining is finished in an inserting milling mode when the bottom of the cavity is machined. Above-mentioned process can guarantee that the strengthening rib provides the holding power when outline finish milling handles, guarantees the part rigidity, improves the yields, and gets rid of the strengthening rib in the lump when the die cavity is handled, has avoided extra processing procedure, saves process time.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for processing a special-shaped pivot beam according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the workpiece (blank allowance is determined) added in the first step of the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second workpiece (a prefabricated center hole) in the first step of the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a third schematic diagram of a workpiece (the shape of a through shaft in a through shaft machining area is turned out) in the first step of the method for machining the special-shaped rotating shaft beam;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a workpiece (plane milling) machined in step two of the method for machining a special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a second schematic view (a swing axis milling) of the workpiece added in the second step of the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is one of the schematic views of the machining of the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention (blank workpiece forming);

FIG. 8 is a second schematic view of the workpiece (completing the plane milling) in the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a third schematic view of a workpiece (completing a swing axis milling) in the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is one of the schematic views of the workpiece (first layer cavity rough milling) in the third step of the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a second schematic view of the workpiece (second layer cavity rough milling) in the third step of the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a third schematic view (cavity rough milling completed) of the machined part in the third step of the method for machining the special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a fourth schematic view of the machined part in the third step of the method of processing a special-shaped pivot beam according to the present invention (cavity roughing is completed);

FIG. 14 is a flow chart of a method for designing a reinforcing rib in the method for processing the special-shaped pivot beam.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein, and thus the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

A method of machining a profiled axle beam provided according to some embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 14.

Some embodiments of the application provide a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam.

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped pivot beam, including:

the method comprises the following steps: roughly machining a workpiece to be machined to form a blank machined part with a rotating shaft beam prototype, wherein the blank machined part at least forms a fixing area, a cavity machining area and a through shaft machining area;

step two: carrying out shape rough milling on the cavity machining area, wherein the shape rough milling process comprises the steps of firstly removing surface allowance by using a plane mill, and then uniformly milling by using a swing shaft mill so as to form a smooth inclined plane which is transited from one end to the other end on the surface of the cavity machining area;

step three: carrying out cavity rough milling on the cavity processing area, wherein the cavity rough milling process comprises the steps of firstly forming a cavity by plunge milling, reserving reinforcing ribs on the side wall of the cavity, and then roughly milling the inner side wall surface of the cavity;

step four: carrying out finish turning treatment on the through shaft machining area to form an inner hole of the through shaft machining area;

step five: and carrying out finish milling treatment on the shape of the cavity machining area and the cavity.

The invention provides a processing method of a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, which is characterized in that firstly, a workpiece to be processed is roughly processed to form a blank processing part with a rotating shaft beam prototype, and the blank processing part is provided with a fixing area, a cavity processing area and a through shaft processing area. Specifically, firstly, scribing a workpiece to be processed, determining blank allowance, and then prefabricating a center hole, wherein the center hole is formed in two ends of a fixing area and a through shaft processing area, so that the workpiece to be processed can be conveniently fixed by a machine tool, and then the through shaft shape of the through shaft processing area is lathed out, and redundant parts are removed. After the steps are completed, the shape of the cavity machining area is roughly milled, and the mode of plane milling and swing spindle milling is adopted, wherein the allowance of the surface is removed by the plane milling to form a step surface, the step surface is removed by the swing spindle milling to form a smooth inclined surface on the surface, and the process changes the traditional single cutting mode, so that the efficiency and the quality of rough machining are improved. The rough milling of the cavity in the cavity processing area is carried out, and the plunge milling can reduce the radial cutting force and further reduce the deformation of a cutter and a workpiece by firstly using a plunge milling mode and then carrying out the rough milling of the inner wall of the cavity; the cutting force has no sudden change in the plunge milling cutting process, thereby effectively avoiding the vibration of a machine tool cutter system and ensuring the cutting process to be stable. In addition, the reserved reinforcing ribs can also provide supporting force for processing the appearance of the cavity, so that the damage to the cavity is avoided, and the yield is improved. And carrying out finish turning treatment on the through shaft machining area. Specifically, adopt diameter 60 mm's shockproof cutter arbor, if the cutter arbor diameter still is greater than the minimum radius of hole, lead to the lathe tool can't carry out comprehensive processing to the hole, can realize pivot roof beam bottom hole finish machining through the citation file among the background art, specifically be the tool bit of changing different angles for under the prerequisite that does not change the lathe tool stroke, change the cutting region of lathe tool, in order to reach flat purpose. And after finishing the processing of the inner hole, finely turning the outer circle of the through shaft processing area so as to finish the processing of the whole through shaft processing area. And after the steps are finished, performing finish milling treatment on the shape of the cavity machining area and the cavity.

Therefore, the machining method of the special-shaped rotating shaft beam provided by the invention improves the quality and efficiency of rough machining by a combined machining mode of plane milling and swing shaft milling. The mode through the plunge milling reduces the sword that shakes, makes the course of working more steady to improve the yields.

The second embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped pivot beam, and on the basis of the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the second step specifically includes: milling the surface of the cavity processing area in a plane milling mode to form a plurality of step surfaces on the surface; and milling a plurality of step surfaces by using a swing shaft to form a smooth inclined surface, wherein the angle of the cutter shaft is properly adjusted to ensure that the allowance of each layer of processed cutter shaft is uniform.

In this embodiment, a face mill is used to mill the surface of the cavity machining area to form a step surface, and then the step surface is milled by a pendulum shaft mill to form a smooth inclined surface. The surface of the cavity processing area is formed more smoothly by a combination mode of plane milling and swing shaft milling.

The third embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, and on the basis of any embodiment, a milling cutter with the diameter of phi 63 is adopted for plane milling, the cutting width is 42mm, the cutting depth is 2mm, the feeding speed is 1000mmpm, and the rotating speed is 800 rpm; the pendulum shaft milling adopts a phi 63 milling cutter, the cutting width is 31.5mm, the cutting depth is 3mm, the feeding speed is 1000mmpm, and the rotating speed is 800 rpm.

In the embodiment, the specific processing parameters are related to the cutter, the part material, the machine tool model, the clamping mode and the like, and the influence factors are more, so that the milling cutter of the plane milling and the swing shaft milling is further limited, and the milling quality is ensured.

The fourth embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, and on the basis of any embodiment, the height of a step surface needs to be controlled in the process of plane milling, so that the width of a swing shaft mill is not larger than the diameter of a cutter all the time.

In the embodiment, the height of the step surface is controlled, so that the cutting width of the swing spindle mill is always not larger than the diameter of the cutter, and the cutting depth of the swing spindle mill can be guaranteed to be unchanged. Specifically, the angle of the pendulum shaft is limited by the clamping condition, and the angle and the step height jointly determine whether the pendulum shaft can ensure constant cutting depth during milling, so that the setting of the angle of the pendulum shaft needs to be matched with the step height, and the constant cutting depth can be ensured.

A fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped pivot beam, and on the basis of any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 9 to 13, the third step specifically includes: the rough milling of the cavity is layered processing, each layer of processing adopts a mode of firstly plunge milling and then rough milling of the inner wall surface, and reinforcing ribs need to be reserved on the inner wall surface, wherein during plunge milling, a cutter needs to be in contact with a blank machined part from the surface without chips.

In this embodiment, the rough milling of the cavity is performed by layered processing. And the layered processing is specifically to insert mill and then rough mill the inner wall surface of the cavity, so that the problem of cavity damage caused by one-step molding is avoided. In addition, the reinforcing ribs can provide supporting force for the shape processing of the cavity, so that the yield is improved. The cutter is contacted with a blank machined part from a surface without chips, so that the cutter feeding caused by involving in cutting can be avoided, and the milling stability is ensured.

The sixth embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, and on the basis of any embodiment, before each layer of cavity is roughly milled, a blank workpiece needs to be turned over, and chips of the blank workpiece are discharged and then processed.

In this embodiment, before each layer of cavity is roughly milled, the blank workpiece needs to be turned over, and the chips are discharged and then processed. In particular, with a closed inner cavity, normal chip discharge is difficult, forming a chip pool. If the cutting chips cannot be removed in time, when the cavity is milled, the cutter is fed from the cutting chip pool, the cutting chips are easily embedded between the cutter and the part, the cutting allowance is frequently changed suddenly, and the cutter is vibrated. Therefore, through the arrangement, the situation that the chips are extruded during cutting and need to be matched with the layered machining can be avoided, and when a chip pool with a certain depth is formed, the part is turned over, the chips are poured out, and then the next layer of machining is carried out.

The seventh embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, and on the basis of any one of the embodiments, a U-shaped drill is adopted for plunge milling as a plunge milling cutter.

In this embodiment, the plunge milling uses a U-drill as the plunge milling cutter. For deep cavity machining, the greater the depth, the greater the diameter of the tool to be selected for optimum machining efficiency. However, the larger the diameter of the tool, the poorer the economy of the conventional end mill compared with the U-drill, and the dimension of the tool cannot meet the requirement of cavity machining, so that the larger the diameter can be selected by using the U-drill, the higher the machining efficiency is obtained, and the better economy is also obtained.

The eighth embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, and on the basis of any one of the embodiments, the single-layer cutting depth of plunge milling meets the following requirements:

H＝2h_q+h_mR

wherein H is the single layer depth of cut, H_qThickness of the single layer chip, h_mR is a chip holding coefficient for a chip extrusion thickness that does not significantly affect machining.

In this embodiment, the depth of cut of a single layer for plunge milling is defined. Specifically, it is first necessary to set the chip pressing thickness h, which is a thickness at which two layers of chips on the surface of the chip pool are discharged by the tool without generating extrusion and does not significantly affect machining, to be set_mThe thickness h of a layer of chips can be obtained according to the shape and type of the chips_qAnd the chip containing coefficient R has set parameters, so the actual cutting depth of the chip containing coefficient R needs to be adjusted and determined in actual cutting machining.

A ninth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped pivot beam, and on the basis of any of the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 14, the method for designing a reinforcing rib includes:

determining a part clamping condition;

preliminarily determining machining parameters and cutter parameters;

cutting force analysis based on finite elements;

response analysis based on finite elements;

judging whether the response amplitude is smaller than the tolerance requirement of the part;

when the conditions are met, the design of the reinforcing rib is completed; when it does not meet the above conditions, the design of the reinforcing bars is adjusted and the response analysis based on finite elements is repeated until the response amplitude meets the requirement of being less than the part tolerance.

In the present embodiment, the design method of the reinforcing rib is defined. Specifically, because the process reinforcing rib is not the original part of the part and needs to be removed along with the processing, the design of the reinforcing rib needs to be selected in a compromise mode between the increased strength and the increased machining allowance, after the reinforcing rib completes the design process, preferably, the reinforcing rib is subjected to subtraction design so as to reduce the machining allowance brought by the reinforcing rib to the maximum extent, the subtraction design method is the same, namely, the size of the reinforcing rib is reduced, response analysis is carried out again, whether the machining performance requirement can be met is judged, and if the machining performance requirement cannot be met, the adjustment is continued until the design is completed.

The tenth embodiment of the invention provides a method for processing a special-shaped rotating shaft beam, and on the basis of any embodiment, the shape finish milling treatment of a cavity processing area comprises the following steps:

carrying out finish milling treatment on the appearance of the cavity machining area by adopting a five-axis linkage milling mode, and providing a supporting force for the process by using a reserved reinforcing rib;

the cavity finish milling treatment of the cavity machining area comprises the following steps:

and after finishing the appearance finish milling treatment, finish machining the cavities in a layered manner according to the depth of the cavities, wherein each layer of cavity adopts a side edge milling mode to finish milling the inner wall surface, and simultaneously removes the reserved reinforcing ribs, after the process is finished, the next layer of repeated machining is carried out, and when the bottom of the cavity is machined, finish machining is finished in a plunge milling mode.

In this embodiment, the profile finish-milling process and the cavity finish-milling process of the cavity machining zone are defined. Specifically, a part appearance profile is machined through five-axis linkage, the wall thickness of a cavity is thick, machining rigidity of the profile is enough to inhibit part vibration, and machining can be completed with high machining efficiency and the precision requirement of the part can be met during finish milling of the appearance. Specifically, finish machining is carried out on the cavities in a layered mode according to the depth of the cavities, wherein each layer of cavity is subjected to finish milling on the inner wall surface in a side edge milling mode, reserved reinforcing ribs are removed at the same time, then the next layer of cavity is repeatedly machined after the process is finished, and finish machining is finished in an inserting milling mode when the bottom of the cavity is machined. Above-mentioned process can guarantee that the strengthening rib provides the holding power when outline finish milling handles, guarantees the part rigidity, improves the yields, and gets rid of the strengthening rib in the lump when the die cavity is handled, has avoided extra processing procedure, saves process time.

In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.