阅读说明：本技术 车灯及具有其的车辆 (Car light and have its vehicle ) 是由 V·舒马赫 S·保罗 R·赛弗里德 M·德维勒 于 2019-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种车灯(1),其具有至少一个发光二极管(7)和在其下游光学连接的自由形状光学器件(3),其中,在自由形状光学器件(3)的朝向至少一个发光二极管(7)的一侧(4)上设置有光阑(8)。一种车辆(F)具有至少一个这种车灯(1)。本发明尤其是可有利地应用于照亮机动车、尤其是轿车的上车区域的环境投影仪。(The invention relates to a vehicle lamp (1) having at least one light-emitting diode (7) and a free-form optical element (3) optically connected downstream thereof, wherein a diaphragm (8) is arranged on a side (4) of the free-form optical element (3) facing the at least one light-emitting diode (7). A vehicle (F) has at least one such vehicle lamp (1). The invention is particularly advantageously applicable to an ambience projector for illuminating the boarding area of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car.)

1. Vehicle lamp (1) having at least one light-emitting diode (7) and a free-form optical element (3) optically connected downstream of the light-emitting diode, wherein a diaphragm (8) is arranged on a side (4) of the free-form optical element (3) facing the at least one light-emitting diode (7).

2. The vehicle light (1) according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm (8) is a thin film applied on an optical element of the free-form optic (3).

3. Automotive light (1) according to claim 1, wherein the diaphragm (8) is configured as a layer that is vapor deposited, sprayed or printed onto the optical element of the free-form optic (3).

4. The vehicle lamp (1) according to claim 1, wherein the light stop (8) is configured as an optically opaque partial region of the free-form optical component (3) of an optical element produced as a multi-component injection molded part.

5. The vehicle lamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the diaphragm (8) is configured to absorb light at least on its side facing the at least one light emitting diode (7).

6. The vehicle lamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the free-form optics (3) comprises a free-form lens.

7. The vehicle lamp (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the free-form optical device (3) has a plurality of optical elements, at least one of which is a free-form lens.

8. Vehicle (F) having at least one lamp (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

9. Vehicle (F) according to claim 7, wherein the vehicle light (1) is an ambient projector for illuminating the ground of an upper vehicle area.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a vehicle lamp having at least one light-emitting diode and an optical component optically connected downstream thereof. The invention also relates to a vehicle having at least one such lamp. The invention can be used particularly advantageously in an environment projector for illuminating the boarding area of a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car.

Background

Free-form optics may be used in a vehicle lamp to shape the light flow of the LEDs such that a light radiation pattern with a predetermined illuminance distribution is generated on a surface beside the vehicle. In particular, it may be desirable to illuminate a limited surface in the boarding area with uniform illumination.

If the tolerances in the offset between the LEDs and the optics are too great when producing such a vehicle lamp, it is no longer possible to ensure a desired illuminance distribution, in particular a uniform illumination, on the ground in a mass production process. Since free-form optics are generally particularly sensitive to offset, it is disadvantageous that particularly high manufacturing and/or assembly costs are required to provide a correctly set vehicle lamp. In this case, it is disadvantageous, in particular in light projectors for illuminating the boarding area of motor vehicles, that they generally have to be particularly compact, so that deviations in their production are particularly disadvantageous, since adjustment can only be carried out with great effort, even if possible or technically reasonable.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome at least partially the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular to provide a vehicle lamp whose target light radiation pattern can be better maintained by means of structurally simple and inexpensive measures, in particular to provide an ambience projector for illuminating the boarding area of a motor vehicle.

The object is achieved according to the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims, the description and the figures.

The object is achieved by a vehicle lamp having at least one light-emitting diode and a free-form optical element optically connected downstream thereof, wherein a diaphragm is arranged on the side of the free-form optical element facing the at least one light-emitting diode.

The following advantages are thus achieved: the dependence of the generated light radiation pattern on the positional relationship between the optical device and the LED is reduced and the optical system can be more simply manufactured in a mass production process. This is achieved by: the edge or profile of the beam incident on the free-form optic is now independent of the offset and therefore the portion of the beam that reaches the free-form optic is completely independent of the offset. These advantages can be achieved particularly effectively in compact luminaires which should produce a uniform light radiation at a relatively short distance in front of the luminaire, but in a wide illumination area, as in ambient projectors for illuminating boarding areas. Furthermore, these advantages can be achieved particularly effectively if the distance between the at least one LED and the free-form optics is small compared to the diameter or lateral dimension of the free-form optics. Furthermore, the diaphragm can advantageously be arranged with high precision on the free-form optics.

One embodiment provides that the vehicle lamp is an ambience projector or an ambience headlight, in particular for illuminating an upper vehicle region. The vehicle lamp is not limited to this and may also be, for example, a vehicle headlight, such as a headlight. In one embodiment, the vehicle headlight can be a headlight that produces a low beam, a high beam, a fog light, a turn signal, or the like, or any combination thereof.

The vehicle can be a land vehicle, such as a car, a van, a bus, a train, a motorcycle, and the like, an air vehicle, such as an airplane, a helicopter, and the like, and a water vehicle, such as a ship, and the like. The land vehicle may in particular be an at least partially electrically driven vehicle.

The at least one light emitting diode may comprise exactly one light emitting diode or a plurality of light emitting diodes. If there are a plurality of light emitting diodes, these may be arranged on one common substrate. The at least one light emitting diode may be a packaged light emitting diode or LED chip. The at least one light emitting diode may emit white light in accordance with ECE.

The free-form optics are optically connected downstream of the at least one light emitting diode, in particular meaning that the free-form optics are located in the light path of the light emitted by the at least one light emitting diode.

A free-form optical element is understood to mean, in particular, an optical element or an optical system having refractive and/or reflective surfaces which differ from conventional spherical and aspherical geometries. Its design no longer has to follow the design of the imaging optics, but is intended to redistribute the energy by light refraction and/or light reflection.

Free-form optics may generally include at least one free-form or free-form optical element. The free-form optic may additionally include one or more conventional (non-free-form) optical elements. The at least one free-form optical element may be a transmissive light element ("free-form lens"). In one embodiment, the free-form optical component can comprise exactly one free-form optical element. In one embodiment, the free-form optical device may comprise exactly one free-form lens (and no other optical elements separately disposed therefrom) or correspond to a single free-form lens.

One embodiment is that the free-form optical device comprises a plurality of optical elements, at least one of which is a free-form lens.

In one embodiment, the aperture is arranged on the optical element which is first reached by the light emitted by the at least one light-emitting diode. One embodiment provides that the diaphragm is arranged on an optical element designed as a free-form lens. The free-form lens may be the first optical element in the optical path, but this is not necessarily so. In general, the plurality of diaphragms can also be arranged on a plurality of free-form lenses and/or on other optical elements of the free-form optics.

The arrangement of the diaphragm on the side of the free-form optics facing the at least one light-emitting diode may comprise the arrangement of the diaphragm on a light entrance surface of the optics.

The diaphragm may have one or more openings arranged for the passage of light. The contour of the at least one opening can in principle be of any shape and/or size.

One embodiment is that the diaphragm is a thin film which is attached to the optical element of the free form optics. If the free form optics comprises only one free form lens, the thin film is applied to the lens.

One embodiment is that the diaphragm is designed as a vapor-deposited, sprayed or printed layer.

One embodiment provides that the diaphragm is produced integrally with the optical element of the free-form optical component. One embodiment provides that the optical element is a multi-component injection-molded part, for example made of plastic, and the light stop forms a partial region of the optical element, which is in particular optically opaque. Such an optical element (which may be regarded, for example, as a free-form lens with an integrated diaphragm or as a free-form lens-diaphragm combination) may be, in particular, a two-component injection molded part.

In one embodiment, the diaphragm is light-absorbing at least on its side facing the at least one light-emitting diode.

The object is also achieved by a vehicle having at least one lamp as described above. The vehicle may be constructed similar to a vehicle lamp and have the same advantages.

Thus, in one embodiment, the vehicle may have a plurality of environment projectors, such as an environment projector for illuminating the ground in front of each of the sides of the vehicle, respectively, an environment projector for illuminating the ground in front of each door, respectively.

If the vehicle has a plurality of lamps in the form of vehicle headlights, the diaphragms can be designed identically or differently, for example for the left-hand and right-hand headlights. Different diaphragms may have differently shaped, differently sized, and/or differently arranged openings.

Drawings

The above features, characteristics and advantages of the present invention and the manner of attaining them will become more apparent and the invention will be better understood by reference to the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 shows selected components of a vehicle headlamp according to the invention in a side sectional view; and

fig. 2 shows a front view of a diaphragm of the vehicle headlight of fig. 1.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows in a side sectional view components of a vehicle lamp according to the invention in the form of an ambient projector 1, namely a light generating module 2 and a free-form optical device in the form of a single free-form lens 3, which is shown here by way of example. The depicted free-form lens 3 does not appear to be truly a conventional planar convex lens, having a light entrance surface 4 facing towards the light generating module 2 and a light exit surface 5 facing away from the light generating module 2. In practice, however, the light entry surface 4 and/or the light exit surface 5 are/is formed freely with a complex shape.

The light generating module 2 has a plurality of LED chips 7 applied to a common substrate 6, the light L of which is directed in the main radiation direction R onto the light entry surface 4. The light L may be white light in accordance with ECE. The LED chips 7 may be arranged in a matrix with each other. The light generating module 2 may have one or more primary and/or secondary optics (not shown) for beam shaping the light L emitted by the light generating module 2, such as for beam focusing, collimation, etc.

A light decoupling optics (not shown) may be optically connected downstream of the free-form lens 3 for decoupling the light L emitted from the free-form lens 3.

A shift relative to the target position may occur, for example, between the light-generating module 2 and the free-form lens 3 during assembly of the ambient projector 1. The relative offset transverse or perpendicular to the main radiation direction R is only indicated by way of example by a double arrow here, but a longitudinal offset can also occur in which the distance between the light generating module 2 and the free-form lens 3 changes or is set incorrectly.

In order to reduce the influence of the offset, a layer-or film-like diaphragm 8, for example in the form of a film, a layer deposited, sprayed or printed in the vapor phase, or the like, is applied to the light entry surface 4 of the free-form lens 3. Alternatively, the diaphragm 8 can be designed as an optically opaque partial region of the free-form lens 3 produced as a multi-component injection molded part.

In order to avoid undesirable reflection effects in the light L emitted by the free-form lens 3, the diaphragm 7 can be embodied light-absorbing, for example matt black, at least on its side facing the light generation module 2.

The environment projector 1 is in particular one of a plurality of environment projectors 1 which may form a vehicle F.

Fig. 2 shows the diaphragm 8 of the ambience projector 1 in a front view, in particular in a direction along or against the main radiation direction R (and then looking into the light generation module 2). The diaphragm 8 here comprises an opening 9, for example with a rectangular contour 10.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

In general, the terms "a", "an", etc. are to be construed as singular or plural, especially in the sense of "at least one" or "one or more", etc., as long as this is not explicitly excluded, e.g., by the statement of "exactly one", etc.

List of reference numerals

1 Environment projector

2 light generating module

3 free form lens

4 light incident surface

5 light exit surface

6 base plate

7 LED chip

8 diaphragm

9 opening

10 profile

F vehicle

L light

R main radiation direction