阅读说明：本技术 一种针对航空金属材料的抛光工艺 (Polishing process for aviation metal material ) 是由 王奔 张棋 赵家兴 马书娟 庄鑫 于 2021-01-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种针对航空金属材料的抛光工艺,属于航空金属制件加工技术领域。所述针对航空金属材料的抛光工艺包括：S1、粗加工处理；S2、粗研磨处理,利用400目的砂纸对金属试样进行粗磨；S3、精研磨处理,依次利用800目和1500目的砂纸依次对金属试样进行精磨；S4、表面粗抛光处理,依次采用涂有粒度尺寸为20-16μm的金刚石研磨膏的粗抛布、涂有粒度尺寸为10-7μm的金刚石研磨膏的粗抛布和涂有粒度尺寸为2.5-1μm的金刚石研磨膏的粗抛布粗抛金属试样；S5、表面精抛光处理,采用涂有粒度尺寸为1-0.5μm的金刚石研磨膏的精抛布精抛金属试样；S6、洁净处理。所述针对航空金属材料的抛光工艺能够有效消除难加工金属材料表面的划痕,极大地提高抛光后的金属表面光泽度,提升金属制品的质量。(A polishing process for aviation metal materials belongs to the technical field of aviation metal part processing. The polishing process for the aviation metal material comprises the following steps: s1, rough machining; s2, carrying out rough grinding treatment, namely carrying out rough grinding on the metal test sample by using 400-mesh sand paper; s3, fine grinding, namely, sequentially and finely grinding the metal sample by using 800-mesh and 1500-mesh sand paper; s4, performing surface rough polishing treatment, namely adopting rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 20-16 mu m, rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 10-7 mu m and rough polishing metal samples coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 2.5-1 mu m in sequence; s5, performing surface finish polishing treatment, namely, performing finish polishing on the metal sample by using a finish polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 1-0.5 mu m; and S6, cleaning. The polishing process for aviation metal materials can effectively eliminate scratches on the surface of metal materials difficult to process, greatly improve the glossiness of the polished metal surface, and improve the quality of metal products.)

1. A polishing process for aviation metal materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, rough machining, namely, carrying out insert processing on the metal sample;

s2, coarse grinding, namely placing 400-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 400-mesh 600r/min, and performing coarse grinding on the metal test sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 400-mesh sand paper, wherein the coarse grinding time is 20-30 min;

s3, fine grinding, namely firstly, placing 800-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 800-900r/min, and carrying out fine grinding on the metal sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 800-mesh sand paper, wherein the fine grinding time is 20-30 min; then, 1500-mesh abrasive paper is placed on the polishing machine, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is set to be 1000-1200r/min, the 1500-mesh abrasive paper is used for carrying out fine grinding on the metal sample, and the fine grinding time is 20-30 min;

s4, performing surface rough polishing treatment, setting the rotating speed of a polishing machine to be 150r/min, and adopting rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 20-16 mu m, rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 10-7 mu m and rough polishing metal samples coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 2.5-1 mu m in sequence, wherein the rough polishing time of each diamond grinding paste is 10 min;

s5, performing surface finish polishing treatment, namely placing a finish polishing cloth finish polishing metal sample coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 1-0.5 mu m on a polishing machine, wherein the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 200r/min, and the finish polishing time is 10 min;

and S6, cleaning, namely washing the metal sample with the surface subjected to fine polishing treatment by using clear water, and then drying or sealing by using absolute ethyl alcohol.

2. The polishing process for the aviation metal material according to claim 1, wherein the metal sample is obtained by cutting an aviation metal blank by using a diamond wire cutting machine, and the feeding speed of a diamond wire of the diamond wire cutting machine is 0.1-1 mm/min.

3. The polishing process for the aviation metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the insert is processed in a specific manner as follows: and (4) embedding the metal sample by a hot embedding machine.

4. The polishing process for an aviation metal material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diamond abrasive paste is made of diamond micropowder abrasive and paste-like binder.

5. The polishing process for aviation metal materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, if the metal sample is a metal material which is easy to oxidize, the metal sample is sealed by absolute ethyl alcohol after being washed; and if the metal sample is a metal material which is not easy to oxidize, washing and drying.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aviation metal part processing, in particular to a polishing process for an aviation metal material.

Background

The aviation metal material is a general term for materials for manufacturing aviation engines, aircrafts and other airborne equipment, is a material basis for the development of the aviation industry, and directly influences the progress of the aviation industry. With the progress of society and the development of science and technology, the application of aviation metal materials such as titanium alloy, high-temperature alloy, aluminum alloy and the like in the fields of aerospace and the like is more and more extensive due to the excellent mechanical properties of the materials, and meanwhile, the materials also create greater and greater value for the society. Before microscopic examination of the aviation metal material, the surface of the aviation metal material should be free of scratches and have high glossiness. For this reason, it is necessary to provide a polishing process for an aircraft metal material to ensure the surface finish of the aircraft metal material.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems that the smoothness of a metal product is not enough, the difficulty of subsequent detection is greatly increased and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a polishing process for an aviation metal material, which can effectively eliminate scratches on the surface of a metal material difficult to machine, greatly improve the glossiness of the polished metal surface and improve the quality of the metal product.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a polishing process for aviation metal materials comprises the following steps:

s1, rough machining, namely, carrying out insert processing on the metal sample;

s2, coarse grinding, namely placing 400-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 400-mesh 600r/min, and performing coarse grinding on the metal test sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 400-mesh sand paper, wherein the coarse grinding time is 20-30 min;

s3, fine grinding, namely firstly, placing 800-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 800-900r/min, and carrying out fine grinding on the metal sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 800-mesh sand paper, wherein the fine grinding time is 20-30 min; then, 1500-mesh abrasive paper is placed on the polishing machine, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is set to be 1000-1200r/min, the 1500-mesh abrasive paper is used for carrying out fine grinding on the metal sample, and the fine grinding time is 20-30 min;

s4, performing surface rough polishing treatment, setting the rotating speed of a polishing machine to be 150r/min, and adopting rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 20-16 mu m, rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 10-7 mu m and rough polishing metal samples coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 2.5-1 mu m in sequence, wherein the rough polishing time of each diamond grinding paste is 10 min;

s5, performing surface finish polishing treatment, namely placing a finish polishing cloth finish polishing metal sample coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 1-0.5 mu m on a polishing machine, wherein the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 200r/min, and the finish polishing time is 10 min;

and S6, cleaning, namely washing the metal sample with the surface subjected to fine polishing treatment by using clear water, and then drying or sealing by using absolute ethyl alcohol.

Further, the metal sample is obtained by cutting an aviation metal blank by using a diamond wire cutting machine, and the feeding speed of a diamond wire of the diamond wire cutting machine is 0.1-1 mm/min.

Further, in step S1, the insert processing specifically includes: and (4) embedding the metal sample by a hot embedding machine.

Further, the diamond grinding paste is prepared from diamond micro powder grinding materials and paste-shaped bonding agents.

Further, in the step S6, if the metal sample is a metal material that is easily oxidized, the metal sample is washed and sealed with absolute ethyl alcohol; and if the metal sample is a metal material which is not easy to oxidize, washing and drying.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) according to the invention, after rough machining treatment, rough grinding treatment, fine grinding treatment, surface rough polishing treatment, surface fine polishing treatment and cleaning treatment, the surface glossiness of the aviation metal product can be greatly improved, the aviation metal polishing process can effectively eliminate scratches on the surface of a metal material difficult to machine, and can also greatly improve the glossiness of the polished metal surface, thereby providing great convenience for subsequent microscopic detection and greatly improving the quality of the metal product;

2) the polishing process can ensure clean production space, and has simple operation and short working time.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the detailed description which follows.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a polishing process for an aviation metal material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

It is noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this application and the drawings described above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a polishing process for an aviation metal material, which comprises the following steps:

s1, rough machining, namely, performing insert processing on the metal sample, wherein the insert processing specifically comprises the following steps: embedding a metal sample by a hot embedding machine so as to facilitate the subsequent steps;

s2, coarse grinding, namely placing 400-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 400-mesh 600r/min, and performing coarse grinding on the metal test sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 400-mesh sand paper, wherein the coarse grinding time is 20-30 min;

s3, fine grinding, namely firstly, placing 800-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 800-900r/min, and carrying out fine grinding on the metal sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 800-mesh sand paper, wherein the fine grinding time is 20-30 min; then, 1500-mesh abrasive paper is placed on the polishing machine, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is set to be 1000-1200r/min, the 1500-mesh abrasive paper is used for carrying out fine grinding on the metal sample, and the fine grinding time is 20-30 min; specifically, in the fine grinding treatment process, 800-mesh and 1500-mesh abrasive paper is sequentially used for sequentially and finely grinding the metal sample after the coarse grinding treatment until the surfaces of the metal sample are scratches of the 1500-mesh abrasive paper;

s4, performing surface rough polishing treatment, setting the rotating speed of a polishing machine to be 150r/min, and adopting rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 20-16 mu m, rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 10-7 mu m and rough polishing cloth rough polishing metal samples coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 2.5-1 mu m in sequence, wherein the rough polishing time of each diamond grinding paste is 10 min; specifically, firstly, a rough polishing metal sample coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 20-16 microns (the model of the diamond grinding paste is W20) is placed on a grinding and polishing machine, the rotation speed of the grinding and polishing machine is 150r/min, and the rough polishing time is 10 min; secondly, placing a rough polishing cloth rough polishing metal sample coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 10-7 microns (the model of the diamond grinding paste is W10) on a grinding and polishing machine, wherein the rotation speed of the grinding and polishing machine is 150r/min, and the rough polishing time is 10 min; finally, placing a rough polishing metal sample coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 2.5-1 mu m (the type of the diamond grinding paste is W2.5) on a grinding and polishing machine, wherein the rotation speed of the grinding and polishing machine is 150r/min, and the rough polishing time is 10 min; when the diamond grinding paste is used, a small amount of water is used for dilution and dissolution, and the rough polishing cloth needs to be replaced once when one diamond grinding paste is replaced;

s5, performing surface finish polishing treatment, namely placing a finish polishing cloth finish polishing metal sample coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 1-0.5 mu m on a polishing machine, wherein the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 200r/min, and the finish polishing time is 10 min; specifically, the type of the diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 1-0.5 μm is W1, and the diamond grinding paste needs to be diluted and dissolved by a small amount of water when in use;

s6, cleaning, namely washing the metal sample with the surface subjected to fine polishing treatment by using a large amount of clear water, drying or sealing by using absolute ethyl alcohol, and if the metal sample is an easily oxidized metal material, sealing by using the absolute ethyl alcohol after washing; and if the metal sample is a metal material which is not easy to oxidize, washing and drying.

The metal sample is obtained by cutting an aviation metal blank by using a diamond wire cutting machine, and the feeding speed of a diamond wire of the diamond wire cutting machine is 0.1-1 mm/min. And during actual processing, placing the aviation metal blank on a diamond wire cutting machine for cutting until a metal sample with a set diameter is obtained.

The diamond grinding paste is prepared from diamond micropowder abrasive and paste-like bonding agent.

Example 1

In the embodiment, taking an aviation metallic material titanium alloy TC4 as an example, the polishing process includes the following steps:

s1, rough machining, namely cutting a titanium alloy TC4 blank by using a diamond wire cutting machine to obtain a titanium alloy TC4 metal sample with a set diameter, and performing insert processing on the titanium alloy TC4 metal sample;

s2, coarse grinding, namely placing 400-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 400r/min, and performing coarse grinding on the titanium alloy TC4 metal test sample subjected to coarse processing by using the 400-mesh sand paper, wherein the coarse grinding time is 30 min;

s3, fine grinding, namely firstly, placing 800-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 800r/min, and finely grinding the titanium alloy TC4 metal sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 800-mesh sand paper for 20 min; then, 1500-mesh abrasive paper is placed on a polishing machine, the rotating speed of the polishing machine is set to be 1000r/min, the 1500-mesh abrasive paper is used for continuously and finely grinding the titanium alloy TC4 metal sample, the finely grinding time is 20min, and the surface of the titanium alloy TC4 metal sample is scratched by the 1500-mesh abrasive paper;

s4, performing surface rough polishing treatment, setting the rotating speed of a polishing machine to be 150r/min, and sequentially adopting rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 20-16 mu m, rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 10-7 mu m and rough polishing titanium alloy TC4 metal samples coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 2.5-1 mu m, wherein the diamond grinding paste needs to be diluted and dissolved by a small amount of water, the rough polishing time of each diamond grinding paste is 10min, and the rough polishing cloth needs to be replaced once when one diamond grinding paste is replaced;

s5, performing surface finish polishing treatment, namely placing a finish polishing cloth finish polishing titanium alloy TC4 metal sample coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 1-0.5 mu m on a polishing machine, wherein the diamond grinding paste needs to be diluted and dissolved by a small amount of water, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 200r/min, and the finish polishing time is 10 min;

s6, cleaning, namely washing the titanium alloy TC4 metal sample with the surface subjected to fine polishing treatment by using a large amount of clear water, wherein the titanium alloy TC4 is easy to oxidize, and then sealing and storing by using absolute ethyl alcohol.

Example 2

In this embodiment, taking an aviation metal material superalloy as an example, the polishing process includes the following steps:

s1, rough machining, namely cutting the high-temperature alloy blank by using a diamond wire cutting machine to obtain a high-temperature alloy metal sample with a set diameter, and performing insert processing on the high-temperature alloy metal sample;

s2, coarse grinding, namely placing 400-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 400r/min, and performing coarse grinding on the high-temperature alloy metal sample subjected to coarse processing by using the 400-mesh sand paper, wherein the coarse grinding time is 30 min;

s3, fine grinding, namely firstly, placing 800-mesh sand paper on a grinding and polishing machine, setting the rotating speed of the grinding and polishing machine to be 800r/min, and finely grinding the high-temperature alloy metal sample subjected to the coarse grinding treatment by using the 800-mesh sand paper for 30 min; then, 1500-mesh abrasive paper is placed on a polishing machine, the rotating speed of the polishing machine is set to be 1000r/min, the 1500-mesh abrasive paper is used for continuously carrying out fine grinding on the high-temperature alloy metal sample, the fine grinding time is 30min, and the high-temperature alloy metal sample is scratched until the surface of the high-temperature alloy metal sample is the surface of the 1500-mesh abrasive paper;

s4, performing surface rough polishing treatment, setting the rotation speed of a polishing machine to be 150r/min, and sequentially adopting rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 20-16 mu m, rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 10-7 mu m and rough polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 2.5-1 mu m to rough polish the high-temperature alloy metal sample, wherein the diamond grinding paste needs to be diluted and dissolved by a small amount of water, the rough polishing time of each diamond grinding paste is 10min, and the rough polishing cloth needs to be replaced once when one diamond grinding paste is replaced;

s5, performing surface finish polishing treatment, namely placing a finish polishing cloth coated with diamond grinding paste with the granularity of 1-0.5 mu m on a polishing machine to finish polishing the high-temperature alloy metal sample, wherein the diamond grinding paste needs to be diluted and dissolved by a small amount of water, the rotation speed of the polishing machine is 200r/min, and the finish polishing time is 10 min;

and S6, cleaning, namely washing the high-temperature alloy metal sample with the surface subjected to fine polishing treatment by using a large amount of clear water, wherein the high-temperature alloy is not easy to oxidize and is dried after washing.

In the invention, the diamond grinding paste adopts the prior art, and the diamond grinding paste with the model number of W20, W10, W2.5 or W1 is selected according to requirements.

According to the invention, after rough machining, rough grinding, fine grinding, surface rough polishing treatment, surface fine polishing treatment and cleaning treatment, the surface glossiness of the aviation metal material can be greatly improved, and the aviation metal material polishing process not only can effectively eliminate micro scratches on the surface of a polished product, but also can greatly improve the surface glossiness of the polished metal product. Great convenience is provided for subsequent microscopic detection, and meanwhile, the quality of metal products can be greatly improved.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.