阅读说明：本技术 一种真空采血管的脱帽机构 (Uncapping mechanism of vacuum blood collection tube ) 是由 郝书顺 赵冯 于 2021-02-01 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种真空采血管的脱帽机构,包括上盖和下连接架、设置在上盖和下连接架之间的套筒、设置在套筒内的上连接架、设置在上连接架和下连接架之间的旋转卡位结构以及一端铰连在上连接架上的夹爪；在夹爪的中部靠下位置设有滑槽,在下连接架上设有穿置在滑槽内的连接轴,三个或以上夹爪的底端向内弯折靠拢用于抓取塞帽,所述旋转卡位结构的底端与塞帽的顶部接触；在上连接架与上盖之间设有导向杆和压簧；本发明利用类似于按压式圆珠笔的旋转卡位结构,一方面可以使用单电机便可实现整个脱帽过程,另一方面在脱帽过程中实现各个部件之间的“硬接触”,提高了可靠性。(The invention relates to a decapping mechanism of a vacuum blood collection tube, which comprises an upper cover, a lower connecting frame, a sleeve arranged between the upper cover and the lower connecting frame, an upper connecting frame arranged in the sleeve, a rotary clamping structure arranged between the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame, and a clamping jaw with one end hinged on the upper connecting frame; the middle lower part of the clamping jaw is provided with a sliding groove, the lower connecting frame is provided with a connecting shaft penetrating in the sliding groove, the bottom ends of three or more clamping jaws are bent inwards and closed to grab the plug cap, and the bottom end of the rotary clamping structure is contacted with the top of the plug cap; a guide rod and a pressure spring are arranged between the upper connecting frame and the upper cover; the invention utilizes a rotary clamping structure similar to a press type ball pen, on one hand, the whole uncapping process can be realized by using a single motor, and on the other hand, the hard contact among all parts is realized in the uncapping process, thereby improving the reliability.)

1. A uncapping mechanism of a vacuum blood collection tube is characterized by comprising an upper cover (1), a lower connecting frame (12), a sleeve (2) arranged between the upper cover (1) and the lower connecting frame (12), an upper connecting frame (5) arranged in the sleeve (2), a rotary clamping structure arranged between the upper connecting frame (5) and the lower connecting frame (12) and a clamping jaw (10) with one end hinged to the upper connecting frame (5);

a sliding groove (11) is formed in the middle of the clamping jaw (10) close to the lower position, a connecting shaft penetrating in the sliding groove (11) is arranged on the lower connecting frame (12), the bottom ends of three or more clamping jaws (10) are bent inwards and closed to grab the plug cap, and the bottom end of the rotary clamping structure is in contact with the top of the plug cap;

a guide rod and a pressure spring (4) are arranged between the upper connecting frame (5) and the upper cover (1).

2. The uncapping mechanism of the vacuum blood collection tube of claim 1, wherein the rotational detent structure comprises a first rotating gear (7), a second rotating gear (9) and a fixing sleeve (8), the first rotating gear (7) comprises a first shaft body (701), a first ratchet (702) arranged on the outer edge of the top of the first shaft body (701), a first limit groove (704) arranged on the side wall of the first shaft body (701) and a limit protrusion (703) arranged on the outer wall of the first shaft body (701);

the second rotating gear (9) comprises a second shaft body (902), a second ratchet (903) arranged on the outer edge of the top of the second shaft body (902) and a second limiting groove (904) arranged on the outer side wall of the second shaft body (902), and a connecting column (901) used for propping against the plug cap is arranged at the bottom of the second shaft body (902);

the fixed sleeve (8) comprises a cylinder body (801) and a limiting strip (802) arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder body (801), a first rotating gear (7) and a second rotating gear (9) are sleeved in the cylinder body (801), and the limiting strip (802) is matched with a first limiting groove (704) and a second limiting groove (904);

the upper end of the first shaft body (701) is rotatably connected with the upper connecting frame (5), the first ratchet (702) is matched with the second ratchet (903), and the connecting column (901) penetrates through the lower connecting frame (12).

3. The uncapping mechanism of claim 2, wherein a pin and a hole are provided between said first shaft (701) and said second shaft (902) for engaging with each other.

4. The uncapping mechanism for vacuum blood collection tubes according to claim 2, wherein said sleeve (801) is fixed to the lower connecting frame (12).

5. The uncapping mechanism of vacuum blood collection tubes of claim 2, wherein said first shaft body (701) is rotatably connected with said upper connecting frame (5) through a rotating shaft or a composite bearing.

6. The uncapping mechanism of vacuum blood collection tube according to claim 5, wherein a rotation guide and pressure spring (3) is provided between the rotation shaft or the composite bearing and the upper cover (1).

7. The uncapping mechanism of vacuum blood collection tube according to claim 2, wherein the bottom end of said connecting column (901) is provided with a notch (905).

8. The uncapping mechanism of the vacuum blood collection tube according to claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the clamping jaw (10) is provided with an inward-bent clamping portion.

9. The uncapping mechanism of the vacuum blood collection tube according to claim 1, wherein a driving screw motor is connected above the upper cover (1).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, is applied to vacuum tube pretreatment in an IVD medical in-vitro diagnostic instrument to remove a plug cap, and particularly relates to a uncapping mechanism of a vacuum blood collection tube.

Background

With the serious aging of society, the medical examination demand is more and more big, and the automatic level requirement of IVD trade instrument is also more and more high, and many instruments are limited to technique and cost at present and adopt the puncture sampling scheme, and the washing cross contamination problem that brings is difficult to eliminate, and uses TIP head sampling scheme in traditional full automatic detection instrument operation process, often need pull out the cock cap earlier with the vacuum tube and just can place in the instrument and carry out the detection operation.

One of the existing vacuum tube uncapping modes is multi-motor control, each degree of freedom is controlled by a plurality of motors, and the functions of clamping, rotating, lifting and the like of a clamping jaw are respectively realized, so that the mechanism cost and complexity are increased, and the software control difficulty is increased; the other type is that the iron wire hook moves along the groove and is matched with the single motor to realize uncapping, and the uncapping process in the mode depends on the stress of the hook, so that the requirement on the elasticity of the hook is high, and the long-time use has unhooking risk.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a decapping mechanism of a vacuum blood collection tube, which can realize the whole process of decapping the vacuum tube, namely clamping a rubber plug cap, rotating the decapping cap, finally covering the plug cap tightly and loosening a clamping jaw.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a cap removing mechanism of a vacuum blood collection tube comprises an upper cover, a lower connecting frame, a sleeve arranged between the upper cover and the lower connecting frame, an upper connecting frame arranged in the sleeve, a rotary clamping structure arranged between the upper connecting frame and the lower connecting frame and a clamping jaw with one end hinged to the upper connecting frame;

the middle lower part of the clamping jaw is provided with a sliding groove, the lower connecting frame is provided with a connecting shaft penetrating in the sliding groove, the bottom ends of three or more clamping jaws are bent inwards and closed to grab the plug cap, and the bottom end of the rotary clamping structure is contacted with the top of the plug cap;

a guide rod and a pressure spring are arranged between the upper connecting frame and the upper cover.

Furthermore, the rotary clamping structure comprises a first rotary gear, a second rotary gear and a fixed sleeve, wherein the first rotary gear comprises a first shaft body, a first ratchet arranged on the outer edge of the top of the first shaft body, a first limiting groove arranged on the side wall of the first shaft body and a limiting bulge arranged on the outer wall of the first shaft body;

the second rotating gear comprises a second shaft body, a second ratchet arranged on the outer edge of the top of the second shaft body and a second limiting groove arranged on the outer side wall of the second shaft body, and a connecting column used for supporting the plug cap is arranged at the bottom of the second shaft body;

the fixed sleeve comprises a cylinder body and a limiting strip arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder body, the first rotating gear and the second rotating gear are sleeved in the cylinder body, and the limiting strip is matched with the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove;

the upper end of the first shaft body is rotatably connected with the upper connecting frame, the first ratchet is located at the lower end and matched with the second ratchet, and the connecting column penetrates through the lower connecting frame.

Furthermore, a pin shaft and a hole which are matched with each other are arranged between the first shaft body and the second shaft body.

Further, the sleeve is fixed on the lower connecting frame.

Furthermore, the first shaft body is rotatably connected with the upper connecting frame through a rotating shaft or a composite bearing.

Furthermore, a rotation guide and a pressure spring are arranged between the rotating shaft or the composite bearing and the upper cover.

Furthermore, the bottom end of the connecting column is provided with a notch.

Furthermore, the bottom of the clamping jaw is provided with an inward-bent clamping part.

Furthermore, a driving screw motor is connected above the upper cover.

The invention has the positive effects that: the invention utilizes a rotary clamping structure similar to a press type ball pen, on one hand, the whole uncapping process can be realized by using a single motor, and on the other hand, the hard contact among all parts is realized in the uncapping process, thereby improving the reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first rotary gear of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a second rotary gear according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third rotary gear of the present invention;

fig. 5-10 are schematic views of the working process state of the invention.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-4, the present invention includes a disc-shaped upper cover 1 and a lower connecting frame 12, a sleeve 2 disposed between the upper cover 1 and the lower connecting frame 12, an upper connecting frame 5 sleeved in the sleeve 2, a rotary clamping structure disposed between the upper and lower connecting frames, and a clamping jaw 10 having one end hinged to the upper connecting frame 5, wherein an oblong sliding groove 11 is disposed at a lower position of a middle portion of the clamping jaw 10, a connecting shaft penetrating through the sliding groove 11 is disposed on the lower connecting frame 12, bottom ends of three or more (in this embodiment, 3) clamping jaws 10 are bent inward and closed, an inner side wall is disposed at a bottom end of the clamping jaw 10, a clamping portion is disposed at a bottom end of the rotary clamping structure and a top portion of a plug cap, and a guide rod and a pressure spring 4 are disposed between the upper connecting frame 5 and the upper cover 1. When the automatic screw feeding mechanism is used, the automatic screw feeding mechanism is matched with a driving screw motor, the driving screw motor is connected to the top surface of the upper cover 1, particularly, the whole mechanism is driven to move up and down, the driving screw motor can also be installed on one side of the sleeve 2, and at the moment, a section of screw rod needs to be additionally connected to the upper portion of the upper cover 1.

The rotary position-limiting structure of the invention is similar to that adopted on a press-type ball-point pen, and specifically comprises a first rotating gear 7, a second rotating gear 9 and a fixed sleeve 8.

The fixed sleeve 8 comprises a cylinder 801 fixed on the lower connecting frame 12 and limiting strips 802 (in this embodiment, there are 3 limiting strips) arranged on the inner side wall of the cylinder 801, and the first rotating gear 7 and the second rotating gear 9 are both sleeved in the cylinder 801.

The first rotating gear 7 comprises a first shaft body 701, a first ratchet 702 arranged on the outer edge of the top of the first shaft body 701, a first limit groove 704 arranged on the side wall of the first drawer 701 and used for matching with the limit strip 802, and a limit protrusion 703 arranged on the outer wall of the first shaft body 701, wherein after the first shaft body 701 is inserted into the cylinder body 801, the limit protrusion 703 can be matched with the top surface of the side wall of the cylinder body 801 to limit the descending position of the cylinder body. The first rotating gear 7 is rotatably connected to the upper connecting frame 5, and specifically, the first shaft body 701 is connected to the upper connecting frame 5 through a rotating shaft or a composite bearing (a rotating bearing and a cross-sectional thrust bearing), which can reduce friction.

The second rotating gear 9 comprises a second shaft body 902, a second ratchet 903 arranged on the outer edge of the top of the second shaft body 902 and a second limiting groove 904 arranged on the outer side wall of the second shaft body 902, the bottom of the second shaft body 902 is connected with a connecting column 901 which props against the plug cap, the bottom of the connecting column 901 is provided with a notch 905, and when the jacking force is large enough after the plug cap of the vacuum tube is tightly attached to the plug cap, the second rotating gear drives the plug cap to rotate.

Second ratchet 903 and first ratchet 702 cooperation, and it is first, the second spacing groove all cooperates with spacing 802, utilize guide bar and pressure spring 4 above last link 5 to provide thrust simultaneously, can realize the structure of similar push type ballpoint under the drive of drive lead screw motor, drive the in-process that whole mechanism compressed tightly the cock cap downwards at the drive lead screw motor, it can reciprocate in sleeve 2 to go up link 5, thereby the bottom that drives clamping jaw 10 is outwards opened or inwards is drawn close, when drawing close extreme position inwards, the joint portion of bottom can block the cock cap, and can drive the cock cap rotatory, extract the cock cap, can combine specific work step to carry out the detailed description at the back.

Preferably, a pin shaft and a hole which are matched with each other are arranged between the first shaft body 701 and the second shaft body 902, in this embodiment, a hole is formed in the center of the first shaft body 701, a pin shaft is arranged in the center of the second shaft body 902, and the first shaft body 701 and the second shaft body are matched with each other by inserting the pin shaft and the hole.

Preferably, a rotation guide and a pressure spring 3 are provided between the rotating shaft or the composite bearing and the upper cover 1.

The working process of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying figures 5-9:

in the initial state, the first and second rotary gears are both in the lowermost position, and the jaws 10 are in the open state.

1) The screw rod motor is driven to drive the test tube to move downwards, the top end of the test tube abuts against the lower portion of the connecting column 901, in the process that the main body of the test tube descends, the fixing sleeve 8 is fixed with the lower connecting frame 12, the second limiting groove 904 on the side face of the second rotating gear 9 is matched with the limiting strip 802 on the inner side of the fixing sleeve 8 to move upwards relatively, the first rotating gear 7 is gradually jacked up, the upper connecting frame 5 is jacked up by the upper edge of the rotating shaft, the metal clamping jaw 10 is driven to move upwards, the lower portion of the clamping jaw 10 starts to draw close inwards, and the holding action is achieved until the second rotating gear 9 jacks the first rotating gear 7 away from the limiting strip 802 of the fixing sleeve 8. As shown in fig. 5.

2) After the first rotating gear 7 is pushed away from the limiting strip 802 of the fixed sleeve 8, the rotating shaft drives the first rotating gear 7 to move downwards under the action of the upper compression spring and slide to the bottom along the inclined surface. As shown in fig. 6.

3) At the moment, the vacuum tube plug cap is tightly held, the screw rod motor is driven to drive the uncapping mechanism body to move upwards, and the clamping jaw part and the vacuum tube are relatively static until the upper connecting frame 5 is contacted with the upper edge of the rotating shaft. At this moment, the fixing sleeve 8 continues to move upwards, the first rotating gear 7 continues to drive the clamping jaw 10 to slide downwards relative to the mechanism body along the inclined plane of the ratchet until the top of the limiting strip 802 is clamped in the teeth of the first rotating gear 7, and the structure of holding tightly is limited. And continuing to move upwards to complete uncapping. As illustrated in fig. 7.

4) After the vacuum tube finishes sampling, the screw rod motor is driven to drive the uncapping module to move downwards, the uncapping module is plugged into the cap and jacks up the second rotating gear 9 to drive the first rotating gear 7 until the first rotating gear 7 is separated from the limiting strip 802 again. As shown in fig. 8.

5) The first rotary gear 7 now slides down the ramp of the ratchet teeth to the root of the ratchet teeth. As shown in fig. 9.

6) The driving screw motor drives the mechanism to move upwards, oppositely, the first rotating gear 7 continues to slide downwards along the inclined plane ratchet until the limiting strip 802 enters the first limiting groove 704, at the moment, the limiting protrusion 703 cylinder 801 of the first rotating gear 7 is contacted to drive the clamping jaw to open downwards, the loosening action is completed, and the structure limiting at the moment is realized. The mechanism main body continues to move upwards, and the action of plugging the cap is finished. As shown in fig. 10.

The invention adopts a novel structure transmission mode, and can realize the whole vacuum tube uncapping process of automatically clamping the rubber plug cap, rotatably uncapping, finally covering the plug cap tightly and loosening the clamping jaws by only one motor.