阅读说明：本技术 油莎豆键式分离清选装置 (Key type separating and cleaning device for cyperus esculentus ) 是由 何晓宁 王东伟 郑效帅 赵壮 尚书旗 王家胜 朱浩 谭营 李成鹏 时延鑫 孙亚宏 于 2021-01-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及农业机械,特别是一种油莎豆键式分离清选装置。包括机架、数个限位机构、数个强制分离清选机构、动力传动机构,限位机构、强制分离清选机构和动力传动机构均设置在机架上,强制分离清选机构的一端与限位机构连接,强制分离机构的另一端的底部与动力传动机构连接。大大提高油莎豆分离清选的效率,提高油莎豆收获的机械化水平。(The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a key type separating and cleaning device for cyperus esculentus. The forced separation cleaning mechanism comprises a rack, a plurality of limiting mechanisms, a plurality of forced separation cleaning mechanisms and a power transmission mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanisms, the forced separation cleaning mechanisms and the power transmission mechanism are all arranged on the rack, one end of each forced separation cleaning mechanism is connected with the limiting mechanism, and the bottom of the other end of each forced separation mechanism is connected with the power transmission mechanism. Greatly improves the separating and cleaning efficiency of the cyperus esculentus and the mechanization level of the cyperus esculentus harvesting.)

1. The utility model provides a key type separation cleaning plant of cyperus esculentus, includes the frame, its characterized in that: the machine also comprises a plurality of limiting mechanisms, a plurality of forced separation cleaning mechanisms and a power transmission mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanisms, the forced separation cleaning mechanisms and the power transmission mechanism are all arranged on the machine frame, one end of each forced separation cleaning mechanism is connected with the limiting mechanism, and the bottom of the other end of each forced separation mechanism is connected with the power transmission mechanism;

the forced separation cleaning mechanism comprises a sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve (4), a woven lattice sieve (5) and a connecting sleeve (6), the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve (4) and the woven lattice sieve (5) form a cuboid-shaped sieve cage, the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve (4) is located on the top surface of the sieve cage, the woven lattice sieve (5) is located on the side surface and the bottom surface of the sieve cage, a plurality of raised sieve openings are formed in the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve (4) at intervals, the outer edges of the sieve openings are in a sawtooth shape, the woven lattice sieve (5) is in a grid shape, one end of the woven lattice sieve (5) is connected with a limiting mechanism, and the other end of the corresponding woven lattice sieve (5) is connected with a power transmission mechanism below the woven lattice sieve through the connecting sleeve (6);

the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting slide block (1), a limiting guide rail (2) and a connecting shaft (3), the limiting guide rail (2) is fixed on the rack, the limiting slide block (1) is arranged in the limiting guide rail (2) in a sliding mode, one end of the connecting shaft (3) is connected with the limiting slide block (1), and the other end of the connecting shaft (3) is connected with the woven lattice sieve (5);

the power transmission mechanism comprises a transmission crankshaft (7), the transmission crankshaft (7) comprises a plurality of main journals and connecting arms, the main journals are alternately arranged along the vertical direction at intervals, the connecting arms are connected with two adjacent main journals, and the main journals are respectively connected with a woven lattice sieve (5) above the main journals through connecting sleeves (6).

2. A cyperus esculentus key-type separation cleaning plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gap between two adjacent forced separation cleaning mechanisms is 4-8 mm.

3. A cyperus esculentus key-type separation cleaning plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power transmission mechanism further comprises a transmission crankshaft bearing (8), a gearbox (9) and a self-adaptive adjusting motor (10), the gearbox (9) is connected with the self-adaptive adjusting motor (10), the transmission crankshaft (7) is connected with the gearbox (9) through the transmission crankshaft bearing (8), and the rotation range of the transmission crankshaft (7) is 45-90 degrees.

4. A cyperus esculentus key-type separation cleaning plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the self-adaptive control system is characterized by further comprising a monitoring mechanism, wherein the monitoring mechanism comprises a crankshaft rotating speed sensor (11), a crankshaft torque sensor (12) and a self-adaptive control system (13), the crankshaft rotating speed sensor (11) and the crankshaft torque sensor (12) are arranged at the end of the transmission crankshaft (7), the self-adaptive control system (13) is installed on the rack, and the crankshaft rotating speed sensor (11), the crankshaft torque sensor (12) and the gearbox (9) are respectively connected with the self-adaptive control system (13).

Technical Field

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to a key type separating and cleaning device for cyperus esculentus.

Background

The cyperus esculentus, also known as tiger nut, cyperus esculentus, iron water chestnut and the like, is a herbaceous plant originally produced in Africa and coastal countries of the Mediterranean sea, and is a novel oil economic crop with high quality, high yield and high comprehensive utilization value, which has the excellent characteristics of wide adaptability, short growth period, large biomass, high oil content and the like. As the tuber of the cyperus esculentus grows underground, the root system is developed, the particles are small, and the stem, the bean and the soil are difficult to separate, the difficulty leads to that the cyperus esculentus cannot make substantial progress and development in the popularization and planting of China, and the systematic research on the cyperus esculentus separation and cleaning technology is still lacked in China at present. In order to promote the development of the cyperus esculentus industry, a separating and cleaning device aiming at the cyperus esculentus needs to be developed urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The key type separating and cleaning device for the cyperus esculentus aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, greatly improves the separating and cleaning efficiency of the cyperus esculentus, and improves the mechanization level of the cyperus esculentus harvesting.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a key type separating and cleaning device for cyperus esculentus comprises a rack, a plurality of limiting mechanisms, a plurality of forced separating and cleaning mechanisms and a power transmission mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanisms, the forced separating and cleaning mechanisms and the power transmission mechanism are all arranged on the rack;

the forced separation cleaning mechanism comprises a sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve, a woven lattice sieve and a connecting sleeve, wherein the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve and the woven lattice sieve form a cuboid-shaped sieve cage, the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve is positioned on the top surface of the sieve cage, the woven lattice sieve is positioned on the side surface and the bottom surface of the sieve cage, a plurality of raised sieve openings are formed in the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve at intervals, the outer edge of each sieve opening is in a sawtooth shape, the woven lattice sieve is in a grid shape, one end of the woven lattice sieve is connected with a limiting mechanism, and the other end of the corresponding woven lattice sieve is connected with a power transmission mechanism below the woven lattice sieve through the connecting sleeve;

the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting slide block, a limiting guide rail and a connecting shaft, the limiting guide rail is fixed on the rack, the limiting slide block is arranged in the limiting guide rail in a sliding manner, one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the limiting slide block, and the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the woven grizzly;

the power transmission mechanism comprises a transmission crankshaft, the transmission crankshaft comprises a plurality of main journals and connecting arms, the main journals are alternately arranged along the vertical direction at intervals, the connecting arms are connected with the two adjacent main journals, and the main journals are respectively connected with the woven lattice sieve above the main journals through connecting sleeves.

In the invention, the gap between two adjacent forced separation cleaning mechanisms is preferably 4-8 mm.

The power transmission mechanism further comprises a transmission crankshaft bearing, a gearbox and a self-adaptive adjusting motor, the gearbox is connected with the self-adaptive adjusting motor, the transmission crankshaft is connected with the gearbox through the transmission crankshaft bearing, and the rotation range of the transmission crankshaft is 45-90 degrees. Through the transmission crankshaft, the ordered motion similar to piano keys among a plurality of forced separation cleaning mechanisms is realized.

The self-adaptive control system is characterized by further comprising a monitoring mechanism, wherein the monitoring mechanism comprises a crankshaft rotating speed sensor, a crankshaft torque sensor and a self-adaptive control system, the crankshaft rotating speed sensor and the crankshaft torque sensor are arranged at the end of the transmission crankshaft, the self-adaptive control system is installed on the rack, and the crankshaft rotating speed sensor, the crankshaft torque sensor and the gearbox are respectively connected with the self-adaptive control system. The self-adaptive control system controls the gearbox according to the monitored rotating speed and torque of the transmission crankshaft, and adjusts and controls the rotating speed of the transmission crankshaft, so that the orderly motion of the forced separation cleaning mechanism is controlled.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the reciprocating motion of the forced separation cleaning mechanism is realized through the limiting mechanism and the power transmission mechanism, and the separation, cleaning and collection of the cyperus esculentus are realized in the reciprocating motion process of the forced separation cleaning mechanism, so that the efficiency of the cyperus esculentus separation cleaning is greatly improved, and the mechanization level of the cyperus esculentus harvesting is improved;

(2) the control of the rotating speed of the transmission crankshaft is realized through the monitoring mechanism, and the orderly movement of each forced separation cleaning mechanism is controlled.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a forced separation cleaning mechanism;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a drive crankshaft.

In the figure: 1, limiting a sliding block; 2, limiting a guide rail; 3 connecting the shaft; 4, screening the fish scales along the outer edges of the saw teeth; 5 weaving a lattice sieve; 6, connecting sleeves; 7 driving the crankshaft; 8 driving crankshaft bearings; 9 a gearbox; 10 self-adaptive adjusting motor; 11 a crankshaft speed sensor; 12 a crankshaft torque sensor; 13 adaptive control system.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the key type separating and cleaning device for the cyperus esculentus comprises a rack, a limiting mechanism, a forced separating and cleaning mechanism, a power transmission mechanism and a monitoring mechanism, wherein the limiting mechanism, the forced separating and cleaning mechanism and the power transmission mechanism are all arranged on the rack, one end of the forced separating and cleaning mechanism is connected with the limiting mechanism, the bottom of the other end of the forced separating mechanism is connected with the power transmission mechanism, and the power transmission mechanism is connected with the monitoring mechanism.

As shown in fig. 3, the forced separation cleaning mechanism comprises a sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve 4, a woven lattice sieve 5 and a connecting sleeve 6, the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve 4 and the woven lattice sieve 5 form a cuboid-shaped sieve cage, wherein the sawtooth outer edge fish scale sieve 4 is positioned on the top surface of the sieve cage, and the woven lattice sieve 5 is positioned on each side surface and the bottom surface of the sieve cage. The outer edge of the sawtooth is provided with a plurality of raised screen openings at intervals on the surface of the fish scale screen 4, and the outer edge of each screen opening is in a sawtooth shape. The woven grizzly screen 5 is in a grid shape. The invention comprises a plurality of forced separation cleaning mechanisms which are arranged in parallel, wherein a gap exists between every two adjacent forced separation cleaning mechanisms, and in the embodiment, the gap between the two forced separation cleaning mechanisms is preferably 4-8 mm. One end of the weaving lattice sieve 5 is connected with the limiting mechanism, and the other end of the corresponding weaving lattice sieve 5 is connected with the power transmission mechanism below the weaving lattice sieve through the connecting sleeve 6.

One end of the forced separation cleaning mechanism is connected with the frame through a limiting mechanism. Stop gear includes limiting slide block 1, limiting guide rail 2 and connecting axle 3, and limiting guide rail 2 fixes in the frame, and limiting slide block 1 sets up in limiting guide rail 2, and limiting slide block 1 can slide around limiting guide rail 2, and the one end and the limiting slide block 1 of connecting axle 3 are connected, and the other end and the 5 connection of weaving grizzly of connecting axle 3. In the process that the limiting slide block 1 slides back and forth in the limiting guide rail 2, the forced separation cleaning mechanism can move back and forth along the horizontal direction, and the limitation of the forced separation cleaning mechanism on the longitudinal horizontal degree of freedom and the transverse rotational degree of freedom is realized. In the invention, each forced separation cleaning mechanism is correspondingly provided with a limiting mechanism.

As shown in fig. 4, the power transmission mechanism includes a transmission crankshaft 7, a transmission crankshaft bearing 8, a transmission case 9 and an adaptive adjustment motor 10, the transmission case 9 is connected to the adaptive adjustment motor 10, the transmission crankshaft 7 is connected to the transmission case 9 through the transmission crankshaft bearing 8, the rotation speed of an output shaft of the adaptive adjustment motor 10 is reduced by the transmission case 9, and then is transmitted to the transmission crankshaft 7 through the transmission crankshaft bearing 8 to drive the transmission crankshaft 7 to rotate, and the rotation range of the transmission crankshaft 7 is 45 ° to 90 °. The transmission crankshaft 7 comprises a plurality of main journals and connecting arms, the main journals are alternately arranged in the vertical direction at intervals, the connecting arms are connected with two adjacent main journals, and the main journals are respectively connected with the woven lattice sieves 5 above the main journals through connecting sleeves 6. Through the transmission crankshaft 7, the orderly motion similar to piano keys among a plurality of forced separation cleaning mechanisms is realized.

During the action of the self-adaptive adjusting motor 10, the transmission crankshaft 7 is driven to rotate, and the main journal of the transmission crankshaft 7 drives the forced separation cleaning mechanism to do reciprocating motion up and down and back and forth through the connecting sleeve 6. In the process of reciprocating motion of the forced separation cleaning mechanism, cyperus esculentus plants fall on one end of the scale sieve 4 outside the saw teeth, the cyperus esculentus plants collide with the scale sieve 4 outside the saw teeth, cyperus esculentus tubers are separated from seedlings and fibrous roots through reciprocating motion of the scale sieve 4 outside the saw teeth and the saw-toothed screen openings, separated cyperus esculentus tubers, soil and part of sundries with small volume can fall into the screen cage, the soil and the sundries are screened out from the screen cage through reciprocating motion of the woven lattice sieve 5, and only cyperus esculentus tubers are left in the screen cage, so that separation, cleaning and collection of cyperus esculentus are realized. The separated root hairs and seedlings are discharged from the other end along the outer edge of the saw teeth along the fish scale screen 4.

The monitoring mechanism comprises a crankshaft rotating speed sensor 11, a crankshaft torque sensor 12 and an adaptive control system 13, the crankshaft rotating speed sensor 11 and the crankshaft torque sensor 12 are arranged at the end part of the transmission crankshaft 7, and the adaptive control system 13 is installed on the rack. The crankshaft rotation speed sensor 11 is used for monitoring the rotation speed of the transmission crankshaft, the crankshaft torque sensor 12 is used for monitoring the torque of the transmission crankshaft, the crankshaft rotation speed sensor 11, the crankshaft torque sensor 12 and the gearbox 9 are all connected with the adaptive control system 13, and the adaptive control system 13 controls the gearbox 9 according to the monitored rotation speed and torque of the transmission crankshaft, so that the ordered movement of the forced separation cleaning mechanism is controlled.

The working process of the invention is as follows: the self-adaptive adjusting motor 10 works, the transmission crankshaft 7 is driven to rotate through the gearbox 9, the transmission crankshaft 7 drives each forced separation cleaning mechanism connected with the transmission crankshaft to do reciprocating motion up and down and back and forth through the connecting sleeve 6, in the reciprocating motion process of the forced cleaning mechanisms, the tuber of cyperus esculentus falls into the screen cage from the screen opening, soil and impurities with small volume are screened out through the reciprocating motion of the woven lattice screen 5 by the reciprocating motion of the outer edges of the sawteeth along the fishscale screen 4, and the separated root hairs and the seedlings are discharged from the other end along the outer edges of the sawteeth along the fishscale screen 4, so that the separation, cleaning and collection of the cyperus esculentus are realized. The rotation speed and the torque of the transmission crankshaft 7 are adjusted through the adaptive control system 13, so that the rotation speed of the transmission crankshaft 7 can adapt to the actual working condition.

The key-type separating and cleaning device for the cyperus esculentus provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.