阅读说明：本技术 一种酶解法提取大豆肽的方法 (Method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis method ) 是由 郭红星 李立 周尽学 于 2021-02-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种酶解法提取大豆肽的方法,其特征在于：所述大豆肽提取工艺如下：预处理工艺；酶解工艺；除味工艺,向混合液体内加入外切酶量为3％,酶激活剂量为4～5％,控制PH、温度和水解时间进行水解,然后在水解完成后提升温度至80～85℃进行灭酶；分离精制,采用离心分离机或压滤去除大分子量成分,获得较澄清的液体部分,然后通过精滤工艺进一步去除其他成分,获得澄清透明的大豆肽溶液。通过大肠杆菌核酸外切酶Ⅰ对大分子大豆肽进行进一步水解,得到相对分子质量更小的短肽,能够大大的降低大豆肽溶液的苦味,且对大豆肽溶液进行多步精滤,使得大豆肽溶液更加澄清,避免出现大豆肽溶液中有沉淀物的情况。(The invention discloses a method for extracting soybean peptide by an enzymolysis method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the soybean peptide extraction process comprises the following steps: a pretreatment process; performing enzymolysis; adding 3% of exoenzyme and 4-5% of enzyme activator into the mixed solution, controlling the pH, the temperature and the hydrolysis time for hydrolysis, and then raising the temperature to 80-85 ℃ for enzyme deactivation after the hydrolysis is finished; separating and refining, removing high molecular weight components by centrifugal separator or filter pressing to obtain clarified liquid part, and further removing other components by fine filtration process to obtain clarified and transparent soybean peptide solution. The macromolecular soybean peptide is further hydrolyzed by the escherichia coli exonuclease I to obtain short peptide with smaller relative molecular mass, the bitterness of the soybean peptide solution can be greatly reduced, and the soybean peptide solution is subjected to multi-step fine filtration, so that the soybean peptide solution is clearer, and the condition that precipitates exist in the soybean peptide solution is avoided.)

1. A method for extracting soybean peptide by an enzymolysis method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the soybean peptide extraction process comprises the following steps:

first, pretreatment process

Before enzymolysis, soybean meal is properly denatured through physical means (high temperature, high pressure, ultrasonic waves and the like) to release enzyme cutting sites, so that a foundation is provided for subsequent efficient enzymolysis. The common domestic pretreatment process for preparing soybean peptide comprises the following steps: adding purified water (pure water, soft water and the like) in a proper proportion according to the amount of the soybean meal, performing treatment such as shearing and stirring to achieve uniform dispersion, raising the temperature to 80-100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min, so that on one hand, the soybean meal is sterilized, the microbial putrefaction phenomenon generated in the subsequent long-time enzymolysis reaction process is reduced, on the other hand, the soybean meal is properly denatured, and then, the soybean meal is cooled to the initial enzymolysis temperature;

second, enzymolysis process

Mixing the treated soybean meal with purified water to ensure that the concentration of the soybean meal is 11%, adding 5% of an enzyme preparation, then controlling the pH, the temperature and the hydrolysis time for hydrolysis, raising the temperature to 80-85 ℃ after the hydrolysis is finished, carrying out enzyme deactivation, and filtering by using a microfiltration membrane after the enzyme deactivation is finished to obtain an extracted mixed liquid;

third, deodorizing process

Adding 3% of exoenzyme and 4-5% of enzyme activator into the mixed solution, controlling the pH, the temperature and the hydrolysis time for hydrolysis, and then raising the temperature to 80-85 ℃ for enzyme deactivation after the hydrolysis is finished;

fourthly, separation and refinement

The enzyme-inactivated enzymolysis solution is a mixed system containing macromolecular protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, amino acid and other non-protein components (starch sugar, fat, salt and the like). Removing high molecular weight components such as protein, starch, fat, etc. by centrifugal separator or filter pressing to obtain clarified liquid part, and further removing other components such as high molecular weight peptide and protein, amino acid, pigment, odor, fat, salt, etc. by fine filtration process to obtain clarified transparent soybean peptide solution;

fifthly, concentration

The soybean peptide solution is treated by evaporation and concentration, so that the solid content of the soybean peptide solution is increased to 20-45%;

sixthly, sterilization

Treating the concentrated soybean peptide solution by an ultra-high temperature sterilization method to kill microorganisms in the soybean peptide solution;

seventhly, drying and granulating

The soybean peptide powder or granules are obtained by combining a spray drying tower (centrifugal type and pressure type) with a granulator, and the density of the product is controlled.

2. The method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein: the enzyme cutting site in the pretreatment process is PH 4.2-4.3.

3. The method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein: the enzyme preparation in the enzymolysis process is required to be one of neutral protease, trypsin, papain and flavourzyme specified in GB 2760.

4. The method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein: in the enzymolysis process, the pH is controlled to be 7, the temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, and the hydrolysis time is controlled to be 4 hours.

5. The method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein: in the deodorizing process, the pH is controlled to be 4.2-4.3, the temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, and the hydrolysis time is controlled to be 3 hours.

6. The method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein: the enzyme activator in the deodorizing process is Mg²⁺And (3) solution.

7. The method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein: in the deodorizing process, the exonuclease is escherichia coli exonuclease I.

8. The method for extracting soybean peptide by enzymolysis according to claim 1, wherein: the fine filtration process in the separation and refining comprises a fine filtration machine, adsorption separation and a nano filter membrane, and the fine filtration is sequentially carried out.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soybean peptide extraction, and particularly relates to a method for extracting soybean peptide by an enzymolysis method.

Background

The soybean peptide is prepared by using macromolecular soybean protein and using biotechnology enzyme to prepare small molecular fragments consisting of 2 to 10 amino acids. The soybean peptide is rich in 22 amino acids, and contains 9 essential amino acids which cannot be synthesized by human body. The soybean peptide is micromolecular protein, is very easy to be absorbed by human body, and is suitable for people with poor digestion and absorption of protein, such as middle-aged and old people, postoperative convalescent patients, tumor and radiotherapy and chemotherapy patients, and patients with poor gastrointestinal function. In addition, the soybean peptide also has the effects of improving immunity, enhancing physical strength, relieving fatigue, reducing high blood pressure, high blood sugar, high blood fat and high blood sugar and the like.

At present, when the soybean peptide is extracted by an enzymolysis method in the prior art, the extracted soybean peptide solution has heavier bitter taste and seriously influences the taste.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for extracting soybean peptide by an enzymolysis method, which aims to solve the problems that when the soybean peptide is extracted by the enzymolysis method in the prior art, the extracted soybean peptide solution has heavier bitter taste and seriously affects the taste.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for extracting soybean peptide by an enzymolysis method comprises the following steps:

first, pretreatment process

Before enzymolysis, soybean meal is properly denatured through physical means (high temperature, high pressure, ultrasonic waves and the like) to release enzyme cutting sites, so that a foundation is provided for subsequent efficient enzymolysis. The common domestic pretreatment process for preparing soybean peptide comprises the following steps: adding purified water (pure water, soft water and the like) in a proper proportion according to the amount of the soybean meal, performing treatment such as shearing and stirring to achieve uniform dispersion, raising the temperature to 80-100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min, so that on one hand, the soybean meal is sterilized, the microbial putrefaction phenomenon generated in the subsequent long-time enzymolysis reaction process is reduced, on the other hand, the soybean meal is properly denatured, and then, the soybean meal is cooled to the initial enzymolysis temperature;

second, enzymolysis process

Mixing the treated soybean meal with purified water to ensure that the concentration of the soybean meal is 11%, adding 5% of an enzyme preparation, then controlling the pH, the temperature and the hydrolysis time for hydrolysis, raising the temperature to 80-85 ℃ after the hydrolysis is finished, carrying out enzyme deactivation, and filtering by using a microfiltration membrane after the enzyme deactivation is finished to obtain an extracted mixed liquid;

third, deodorizing process

Adding 3% of exoenzyme and 4-5% of enzyme activator into the mixed solution, controlling the pH, the temperature and the hydrolysis time for hydrolysis, and then raising the temperature to 80-85 ℃ for enzyme deactivation after the hydrolysis is finished;

fourthly, separation and refinement

The enzyme-inactivated enzymolysis solution is a mixed system containing macromolecular protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, amino acid and other non-protein components (starch sugar, fat, salt and the like). Removing high molecular weight components such as protein, starch, fat, etc. by centrifugal separator or filter pressing to obtain clarified liquid part, and further removing other components such as high molecular weight peptide and protein, amino acid, pigment, odor, fat, salt, etc. by fine filtration process to obtain clarified transparent soybean peptide solution;

fifthly, concentration

The soybean peptide solution is treated by evaporation and concentration, so that the solid content of the soybean peptide solution is increased to 20-45%;

sixthly, sterilization

Treating the concentrated soybean peptide solution by an ultra-high temperature sterilization method to kill microorganisms in the soybean peptide solution;

seventhly, drying and granulating

The soybean peptide powder or granules are obtained by combining a spray drying tower (centrifugal type and pressure type) with a granulator, and the density of the product is controlled.

Preferably, the enzyme cutting site in the pretreatment process is PH 4.2-4.3.

Preferably, the enzyme preparation in the enzymolysis process is one of neutral protease, trypsin, papain and flavourzyme specified in GB 2760.

Preferably, the pH value in the enzymolysis process is controlled to be 7, the temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, and the hydrolysis time is controlled to be 4 hours.

Preferably, the pH value in the deodorizing process is controlled to be 4.2-4.3, the temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, and the hydrolysis time is controlled to be 3 hours.

Preferably, the enzyme activator in the deodorization process is Mg²⁺And (3) solution.

Preferably, in the odor removal process, the exonuclease is escherichia coli exonuclease I.

Preferably, the fine filtration process in the separation and refining comprises a fine filtration machine, adsorption separation and a nano-filtration membrane, and the fine filtration is sequentially carried out.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the macromolecular soybean peptide is further hydrolyzed by the escherichia coli exonuclease I to obtain short peptide with smaller relative molecular mass, the bitterness of the soybean peptide solution can be greatly reduced, and the soybean peptide solution is subjected to multi-step fine filtration, so that the soybean peptide solution is clearer, and the condition that precipitates exist in the soybean peptide solution is avoided.

Detailed Description

A method for extracting soybean peptide by an enzymolysis method comprises the following steps:

first, pretreatment process

The soybean meal is properly denatured by physical means (high temperature, high pressure, ultrasonic waves and the like) before enzymolysis, and the pH of a released enzyme cutting site is 4.2-4.3, so that a basis is provided for subsequent efficient enzymolysis. The common domestic pretreatment process for preparing soybean peptide comprises the following steps: adding purified water (pure water, soft water and the like) in a proper proportion according to the amount of the soybean meal, performing treatment such as shearing and stirring to achieve uniform dispersion, raising the temperature to 80-100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 20-30 min, so that on one hand, the soybean meal is sterilized, the microbial putrefaction phenomenon generated in the subsequent long-time enzymolysis reaction process is reduced, on the other hand, the soybean meal is properly denatured, and then, the soybean meal is cooled to the initial enzymolysis temperature;

second, enzymolysis process

Mixing the treated soybean meal with purified water to ensure that the concentration of the soybean meal is 11%, adding 5% of neutral protease, trypsin, papain and flavourzyme, controlling the pH to be 7, the temperature to be 50 ℃ and hydrolyzing for 4 hours, raising the temperature to 80-85 ℃ after the hydrolysis is finished, inactivating enzyme, and filtering with a microfiltration membrane after the inactivation is finished to obtain an extracted mixed liquid;

third, deodorizing process

Adding Escherichia coli exonuclease I in an amount of 3% into the mixed solution, and enzyme activator Mg²⁺The solution amount is 4-5%, the pH is controlled to be 4.2-4.3, the temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 3 hours, hydrolysis is carried out, and then the temperature is raised to 80-85 ℃ after the hydrolysis is finishedCarrying out enzyme deactivation;

fourthly, separation and refinement

The enzyme-inactivated enzymolysis solution is a mixed system containing macromolecular protein, polypeptide, oligopeptide, amino acid and other non-protein components (starch sugar, fat, salt and the like). Removing high molecular weight components such as protein, starch, fat and the like by using a centrifugal separator or filter pressing to obtain a clarified liquid part, then sequentially performing fine filtration by using a fine filter, adsorption separation and a nano filter membrane to further remove other components such as high molecular weight peptides and protein, amino acid, pigment, peculiar smell, fat, salt and the like to obtain a clarified and transparent soybean peptide solution;

fifthly, concentration

The soybean peptide solution is treated by evaporation and concentration, so that the solid content of the soybean peptide solution is increased to 20-45%;

sixthly, sterilization

Treating the concentrated soybean peptide solution by an ultra-high temperature sterilization method to kill microorganisms in the soybean peptide solution;

seventhly, drying and granulating

The soybean peptide powder or granules are obtained by combining a spray drying tower (centrifugal type and pressure type) with a granulator, and the density of the product is controlled.

The working principle of the scheme is as follows: the macromolecular soybean peptide is further hydrolyzed by the escherichia coli exonuclease I to obtain short peptide with smaller relative molecular mass, the bitterness of the soybean peptide solution can be greatly reduced, and the soybean peptide solution is subjected to multi-step fine filtration, so that the soybean peptide solution is clearer, and the condition that precipitates exist in the soybean peptide solution is avoided.