阅读说明：本技术 一种适用于自动锻造设备的冲孔模具及冲孔方法 (Punching die and punching method suitable for automatic forging equipment ) 是由 张向卓 严鉴铂 刘义 刘晓静 李士磊 高原 张铁锁 于 2020-12-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种适用于自动锻造设备的冲孔模具及冲孔方法,属于模具领域。本发明由上模和下模组成；上模筒内自上向下依次设有上垫块、冲头垫块、冲头压圈,位于冲头垫块下方的上模筒内侧设有定位圈,定位圈内设有顶出器；上垫块内设有沉孔,沉孔内设有若干个氮气弹簧,冲头垫块周向开设有若干通孔,氮气弹簧的顶杆从通孔中穿过；冲头压圈周向开设有若干通孔,小冲头穿过对应的周向通孔；大冲头和小冲头分别穿在顶出器对应的通孔内；氮气弹簧的顶杆与顶出器相接触,大冲头和小冲头分别位于顶出器的通孔内；下模的凹模垫块上设有冲孔凹模,冲孔凹模上设有落料孔,凹模垫块上设有漏斗状通孔。本发明能够在自动锻造设备上进行多孔的冲孔生产。(The invention discloses a punching die and a punching method suitable for automatic forging equipment, and belongs to the field of dies. The invention is composed of an upper die and a lower die; an upper cushion block, a punch cushion block and a punch pressing ring are sequentially arranged in the upper die cylinder from top to bottom, a positioning ring is arranged on the inner side of the upper die cylinder below the punch cushion block, and an ejector is arranged in the positioning ring; a counter bore is arranged in the upper cushion block, a plurality of nitrogen springs are arranged in the counter bore, a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the punch cushion block, and ejector rods of the nitrogen springs penetrate through the through holes; a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the punch pressing ring, and the small punches penetrate through the corresponding circumferential through holes; the large punch and the small punch respectively penetrate through the through holes corresponding to the liftout devices; an ejector rod of the nitrogen spring is in contact with the ejector, and the large punch and the small punch are respectively positioned in the through hole of the ejector; and a punching female die is arranged on a female die cushion block of the lower die, a blanking hole is arranged on the punching female die, and a funnel-shaped through hole is formed in the female die cushion block. The invention can carry out porous punching production on automatic forging equipment.)

1. A punching die suitable for automatic forging equipment is characterized by comprising an upper die and a lower die;

the upper die comprises an upper die cylinder (4), an upper cushion block (2), a punch cushion block (8) and a punch pressing ring (13) are sequentially arranged in the upper die cylinder (4) from top to bottom, a positioning ring (11) is arranged on the inner side of the upper die cylinder (4) below the punch cushion block (8), and an ejector (15) is arranged in the positioning ring (11);

a counter bore is formed in the upper cushion block (2), a plurality of nitrogen springs (6) are arranged in the counter bore, a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the punch cushion block (8), and ejector rods of the nitrogen springs (6) penetrate through the through holes;

the punch head cushion block (8) is provided with a counter bore, and the first step of the large punch head (12) is arranged in the counter bore of the punch head cushion block (8);

a through hole is formed in the center of the punch pressing ring (13), and a second step of the large punch (12) penetrates through the central through hole;

the large punch (12) is used for positioning the punch pressing ring (13);

a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the punch pressing ring (13), and a plurality of small punches (10) penetrate through the corresponding circumferential through holes;

the large punch head (12) and the small punch head (10) are respectively penetrated in the through holes corresponding to the liftout devices (15);

an ejector rod of the nitrogen spring (6) is in contact with an ejector (15), and the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) are respectively positioned in a through hole of the ejector (15);

the lower die comprises a lower cushion block (21), a female die cushion block (19) is arranged on the lower cushion block (21), a punching female die (17) is arranged on the female die cushion block (19), blanking holes corresponding to the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) are formed in the punching female die (17), and a funnel-shaped through hole is formed in the female die cushion block (19);

the lower cushion block (21) is used for being mounted on a lower workbench (22), and the upper die cylinder (4) and the upper cushion block (2) are used for being mounted on the lower workbench (22);

when an upper die installed on the upper workbench (1) moves downwards and the ejector (15) contacts with a forge piece, the ejector (15) gives upward force to the nitrogen spring (6), the nitrogen spring (6) is compressed, the ejector (15) moves upwards in the positioning ring (11), and the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) extend out of the ejector (15).

2. The punching die for an automatic forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the upper cylinder (4) is provided at a side wall thereof with a first positioning pin (5) for preventing the upper pad (2) from rotating.

3. The punching die suitable for an automatic forging apparatus as recited in claim 2, wherein the first positioning pin (5) is externally provided with a plug screw (3) for preventing the positioning pin (3) from coming off.

4. The punching die suitable for an automatic forging apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the punch pad (8) and the upper pad (2) are positioned by a first positioning key (7).

5. The punch die suitable for use in an automatic forging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the counter bore is a small clearance or transition fit with the large punch first step;

the central through hole of the punch pressing ring is in small clearance or transition fit with the second step of the large punch (12).

6. The punching die suitable for an automatic forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the orientation between the punch retainer (13) and the punch pad (8) is set by a second setting pin (9).

7. The punching die suitable for the automatic forging equipment as recited in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the retainer ring (11) is provided with a milled flat structure;

the ejector (15) is provided with a corresponding milling flat structure for positioning the direction of the ejector (15).

8. The punching die suitable for the automatic forging apparatus as recited in claim 1, wherein the lower end surface of the upper cylinder (4) is provided with an upper pressing ring (14), and the upper pressing ring (14) is connected to the lower end surface of the upper cylinder (4).

9. A method for punching a hole in a punching die adapted to an automatic forging apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the operations of:

an upper die is arranged on an upper workbench (1), and a lower die is arranged on a lower workbench (22);

adjusting the upper workbench (1) to be positioned at the uppermost end of the stroke of the automatic forging equipment, and placing a forge piece on the punching female die (17);

the upper workbench (1) is adjusted to move downwards, the upper die moves downwards along with the upper workbench, the ejector (15) is in contact with the forge piece, the upper end face of the ejector (15) provides upward pressure for the ejector rod of the nitrogen spring (6), the nitrogen spring (16) is compressed after being subjected to the pressure, the ejector (15) moves upwards relative to the positioning ring (11), the nitrogen spring (16) acts on the upper end face of the ejector, and the lower end face of the ejector (15) presses the forge piece;

along with the downward movement of the upper workbench (1), the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) extend out of the ejector (15) to contact with a forge piece;

the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) punch holes on the forging along with the downward movement of the upper workbench (1) until the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) push the connected leather to enter a blanking hole of a punching female die (17), and the connected leather falls into a funnel-shaped through hole of a female die cushion block (19) through the blanking hole and slides along the inclined plane;

the upper workbench starts to move upwards after reaching the lower end of the stroke;

with the upward movement of the upper workbench (1), under the action of a nitrogen spring, the ejector (15) pushes the forge piece to withdraw from the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) to finish unloading;

the ejector moves downwards on the positioning ring (11) by the action force of the nitrogen spring and the self gravity along with the upward movement of the upper workbench (1) until the lower end face of the ejector step contacts the upper pressing ring (14), the nitrogen spring (6) returns to the natural state, and the lower end faces of the large punch (12) and the small punch (10) do not exceed the lower end face of the ejector (15);

and adjusting the upper working platform (1) to the uppermost end of the stroke of the automatic forging equipment, and finishing the work of one stroke.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of dies, and particularly relates to a punching die and a punching method suitable for automatic forging equipment.

Background

Under the trend of the current automation development, more and more gear forgings need to be produced on automatic forging equipment. Meanwhile, due to the requirements of energy conservation and environmental protection, the light weight requirement of the vehicle is higher and higher, and a plurality of designs of the transmission gear are provided with lightening holes. Therefore, a die structure is needed to be designed to realize the production of the punched lightening hole on the automatic forging equipment. Automatic forging equipment generally is multistation former, and the die filling space of every station is less, and current automatic forging equipment mould structure can only realize simply punching production, can't realize porous production and the production of punching a hole, and current porous punching die structure is complicated, and needs occupation space big, only is applicable to single-station punching equipment and uses, can not satisfy automatic forging equipment and use.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a punching die and a punching method suitable for automatic forging equipment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:

a punching die suitable for automatic forging equipment comprises an upper die and a lower die;

the upper die comprises an upper die cylinder, an upper cushion block, a punch cushion block and a punch pressing ring are sequentially arranged in the upper die cylinder from top to bottom, a positioning ring is arranged on the inner side of the upper die cylinder below the punch cushion block, and an ejector is arranged in the positioning ring;

a counter bore is formed in the upper cushion block, a plurality of nitrogen springs are arranged in the counter bore, a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the punch cushion block, and ejector rods of the nitrogen springs penetrate through the through holes;

the punch head cushion block is provided with a counter bore, and the first step of the large punch head is arranged in the counter bore of the punch head cushion block;

a through hole is formed in the center of the punch pressing ring, and a second step of the large punch penetrates through the central through hole;

the large punch is used for positioning the position of the punch pressing ring;

a plurality of through holes are formed in the circumferential direction of the punch pressing ring, and a plurality of small punches penetrate through the corresponding circumferential through holes;

the large punch and the small punch respectively penetrate through the through holes corresponding to the liftout devices;

an ejector rod of the nitrogen spring is in contact with the ejector, and the large punch and the small punch are respectively positioned in the through hole of the ejector;

the lower die comprises a lower cushion block, a female die cushion block is arranged on the lower cushion block, a punching female die is arranged on the female die cushion block, blanking holes corresponding to the large punch and the small punch are formed in the punching female die, and funnel-shaped through holes are formed in the female die cushion block;

the lower cushion block is used for being mounted on a lower workbench, and the upper die cylinder and the upper cushion block are used for being mounted on the lower workbench;

when an upper die installed on the upper workbench moves downwards and the ejector contacts with the forge piece, the ejector gives upward force to the nitrogen spring, the nitrogen spring is compressed, the ejector moves upwards in the positioning ring, and the large punch and the small punch extend out of the ejector.

Furthermore, the side wall of the upper die cylinder is provided with a first positioning pin for preventing the upper cushion block from rotating.

Furthermore, a screw plug is arranged outside the first positioning pin and used for preventing the positioning pin from falling off.

Furthermore, the punch head cushion block and the upper cushion block are positioned by utilizing a first positioning key.

Furthermore, the counter bore is in small clearance or transition fit with the first step of the large punch;

the central through hole of the punch pressing ring is in small clearance or transition fit with the second step of the large punch.

Furthermore, the direction between the punch pressing ring and the punch cushion block is positioned by a second positioning pin.

Further, a milling flat structure is arranged on the inner wall of the positioning ring;

the ejector is provided with a corresponding milling flat structure for positioning the direction of the ejector.

Furthermore, an upper pressing ring is arranged on the lower end face of the upper die cylinder and connected with the lower end face of the upper die cylinder.

The invention relates to a punching method of a punching die suitable for automatic forging equipment, which comprises the following operations:

mounting an upper die on an upper workbench, and mounting a lower die on a lower workbench;

adjusting the upper workbench to be positioned at the uppermost end of the stroke of the automatic forging equipment, and placing the forge piece on the punching female die;

the upper workbench is adjusted to move downwards, the upper die moves downwards along with the upper workbench, the ejector contacts the forge piece, the upper end face of the ejector applies upward pressure to the ejector rod of the nitrogen spring, the nitrogen spring is compressed after being subjected to the pressure, the ejector moves upwards relative to the positioning ring, the nitrogen spring acts on the upper end face of the ejector, and the lower end face of the ejector presses the forge piece;

the large punch and the small punch extend out of the ejector to contact the forge piece along with the downward movement of the upper workbench;

the large punch and the small punch the forge piece along with the downward movement of the upper workbench until the large punch and the small punch push the connected sheet to enter a blanking hole of the punching female die, and the connected sheet falls into the funnel-shaped through hole of the female die cushion block through the blanking hole and slides along the inclined plane;

the upper workbench starts to move upwards after reaching the lower end of the stroke;

with the upward movement of the upper workbench, the ejector pushes the forge piece to withdraw from the large punch and the small punch under the action of the nitrogen spring, and the unloading is finished;

the ejector moves downwards on the positioning ring by the acting force of the nitrogen spring and the self gravity along with the upward movement of the upper workbench until the lower end face of the ejector step contacts the upper pressing ring, the nitrogen spring returns to the natural state, and the lower end faces of the large punch and the small punch do not exceed the lower end face of the ejector;

and adjusting the upper workbench to the uppermost end of the stroke of the automatic forging equipment, and finishing the work of one stroke.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the punching die and the punching method suitable for the automatic forging equipment can be used for punching multiple holes on the automatic forging equipment; the method is used for producing other similar precision punching holes on automatic forging equipment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Wherein: 1, mounting a workbench; 2, mounting a cushion block; 3-a plug screw; 4, mounting a die cylinder; 5-a first locator pin; 6-nitrogen spring; 7-a first alignment key; 8-a punch pad block; 9-a second locating pin; 10-small punch; 11-a positioning ring; 12-large punch; 13-pressing a ring by a punch; 14-pressing a ring; 15-an ejector; 16-a third locating pin; 17-punching a female die; 18-pressing a ring by using a female die; 19-a die cushion block; 20-a second orientation key; 21-lower cushion block; 22-lower table.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

the invention provides a punching die suitable for automatic forging equipment, which is used for realizing the production of a punching heavy hole on the automatic forging equipment.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, and the present invention is composed of an upper die and a lower die, and has the following specific structure: and (3) upper die: the upper die cylinder 4 is arranged on the upper workbench 1; the upper cushion block 2 is arranged in the upper die cylinder 4; a first positioning pin 5 is arranged on the side wall of the upper die cylinder 4 to prevent the upper cushion block 2 from rotating; a screw plug 3 is arranged outside the first positioning pin 5 to prevent the positioning pin 3 from falling off; a plurality of nitrogen springs 6 are arranged in counter bores of the upper cushion block 2; the punch cushion block 8 is arranged below the upper cushion block 2, the punch cushion block 8 and the upper cushion block 2 are positioned by utilizing the first positioning key 7, a plurality of through holes are formed in the outer side of the punch cushion block 8 along the periphery, and the ejector rod of the nitrogen spring 6 penetrates through the through holes; a counter bore is formed in the center of the punch head cushion block 8, and a large punch head 12 is arranged in the counter bore in the center of the punch head cushion block 8; a through hole is formed in the center of the punch pressing ring 13, the through hole in the center penetrates through the large punch 12 to ensure the coaxiality of the punch pressing ring 13 and the large punch 12, a plurality of through holes are formed in the outer side of the punch pressing ring 13, the small punch 10 penetrates through the through hole in the outer side, the punch pressing ring 13 is connected to the punch cushion block 8 through bolts, the direction between the punch pressing ring 13 and the punch cushion block 8 is positioned through a second positioning pin 9, and the large punch 12 and the small punch 10 are connected to the punch cushion block 8 through the punch pressing ring 13; a positioning ring 11 is arranged below the punch cushion block 8, the positioning direction between the positioning ring 11 and the punch cushion block 8 and between the positioning ring 11 and the upper cushion block 2 is positioned by a first positioning key 7, and the inner wall of the positioning ring 11 is provided with a milling flat structure; the ejector 15 is arranged in the locating ring 11, a milling flat structure corresponding to the locating ring 11 is arranged on the ejector 15 and used for locating the direction of the ejector 15, through holes are formed in the center and the periphery of the ejector 15, the large punch 12 and the small punch 10 penetrate through the middle of the ejector 15, and the ejector 15 can slide along the inner wall of the locating ring 11; the upper pressing ring 14 is connected to the upper die cylinder 4 and used for pressing the upper die cylinder 4, the punch pad block 8 and the upper pad block 2, and the upper pressing ring 14 can prevent the ejector 15 from falling off.

Lower die: the lower cushion block 21 is arranged on the lower workbench 22; the female die cushion block 19 is arranged in a counter bore of the lower cushion block 21, the directions of the female die cushion block 19 and the lower cushion block 21 are fixed through a second positioning key 20, and the female die cushion block 19 is provided with a funnel-shaped through hole; the punching female die 17 is arranged in a counter bore of the female die cushion block 19, the direction between the punching female die 17 and the female die cushion block 19 is fixed through a third positioning pin 16, and blanking holes corresponding to the large punch 12 and the small punch 10 are formed in the punching female die 17; the die pressing ring 18 is arranged on the lower cushion block 21, and the die pressing ring 19 is used for pressing the punching die 17 and the die cushion block 19.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

mounting the upper die on the upper table 1 and the lower die on the lower table 22;

adjusting the upper workbench 1 to be positioned at the uppermost end of the stroke of the automatic forging equipment, and placing a forge piece on the punching female die 17;

the upper workbench 1 is adjusted to move downwards, the upper die moves downwards along with the upper workbench, the ejector 15 is in contact with the forge piece, the upper end face of the ejector 15 provides upward pressure for the ejector rod of the nitrogen spring 6, the nitrogen spring 16 is compressed after being subjected to pressure, the ejector 15 moves upwards relative to the positioning ring 11, the nitrogen spring 16 acts on the upper end face of the ejector, and the lower end face of the ejector 15 presses the forge piece;

with the downward movement of the upper workbench 1, the large punch 12 and the small punch 10 extend out of the ejector 15 to contact the forging;

with the downward movement of the upper workbench 1, the large punch 12 and the small punch 10 punch holes on the forging piece until the large punch 12 and the small punch 10 push the connecting sheet to enter a blanking hole of the punching female die 17, and the connecting sheet falls into a funnel-shaped through hole of the female die cushion block 19 through the blanking hole and slides along the inclined plane;

the upper workbench starts to move upwards after reaching the lower end of the stroke;

with the upward movement of the upper workbench 1, under the action of a nitrogen spring, the ejector 15 pushes the forge piece to withdraw from the large punch 12 and the small punch 10, and the unloading is finished;

with the upward movement of the upper workbench 1, the ejector moves downward on the positioning ring 11 by the acting force of the nitrogen spring and the self gravity until the lower end face of the ejector step contacts the upper pressing ring 14, the nitrogen spring 6 returns to the natural state, and the lower end faces of the large punch 12 and the small punch 10 do not exceed the lower end face of the ejector 15;

and adjusting the upper working platform 1 to the uppermost end of the stroke of the automatic forging equipment, and finishing the work of one stroke.

The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.