阅读说明：本技术 直流有刷电机恒速控制电路及控制方法 (Constant speed control circuit and control method for direct current brush motor ) 是由 李东良 王卫强 胡苗白 于 2020-12-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种直流有刷电机恒速控制电路及控制方法,控制电路包括稳压模块,电机模块、电网模块和微控制单元,所述稳压模块的输出端分别与所述电机模块和所述电网模块的输入端连接,所述微控制单元的电网电压测量端与所述电网模块连接,所述电网模块的输出端与火线连接形成一回路,所述微控制单元的电机电压测量端与所述电机模块连接,所述电机模块包括电机和电压控制件,所述电压控制件的受控端与所述微控制单元的电机电压控制端连接,所述电压控制件的控制端与所述电机连接,所述微控制单元用于控制所述电压控制件以调节所述电机电压,所述电机模块的输出端与火线连接形成一回路。该控制电路控制精确度高,结构简单,成本低。(The invention discloses a constant speed control circuit and a control method of a direct current brush motor, the control circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing module, a motor module, a power grid module and a micro control unit, the output end of the voltage stabilizing module is respectively connected with the input ends of the motor module and the power grid module, the power grid voltage measuring end of the micro control unit is connected with the power grid module, the output end of the power grid module is connected with the live wire to form a loop, the motor voltage measuring end of the micro control unit is connected with the motor module, the motor module comprises a motor and a voltage control piece, the controlled end of the voltage control part is connected with the motor voltage control end of the micro control unit, the control end of the voltage control part is connected with the motor, the micro control unit is used for controlling the voltage control element to adjust the voltage of the motor, and the output end of the motor module is connected with the live wire to form a loop. The control circuit has the advantages of high control accuracy, simple structure and low cost.)

1. A constant speed control circuit of a direct current brush motor is characterized by comprising a voltage stabilizing module, a motor module, a power grid module and a micro control unit, the output end of the voltage stabilizing module is respectively connected with the input ends of the motor module and the power grid module, the power grid voltage measuring end of the micro control unit is connected with the power grid module, the output end of the power grid module is connected with the live wire to form a loop, the motor voltage measuring end of the micro control unit is connected with the motor module, the motor module comprises a motor and a voltage control piece, the controlled end of the voltage control part is connected with the motor voltage control end of the micro control unit, the control end of the voltage control part is connected with the motor, the micro control unit is used for controlling the voltage control element to adjust the voltage of the motor, and the output end of the motor module is connected with the live wire to form a loop.

2. The constant speed control circuit of a DC brushed motor according to claim 1, the motor module also comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a diode D1, a capacitor C10 and a converter BR1, the V + terminal of the converter BR1 is respectively connected with the positive pole of the motor, the negative pole of the diode D1, the second terminal of the capacitor C10 and the first terminal of the resistor R1, the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2, the second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, the V-terminal of the converter BR1 is respectively connected with the cathode of the motor, the anode of the diode D1 and the first terminal of the capacitor C10, one AC end of the converter BR1 is connected with the live wire, the other AC end is connected with the control end of the voltage control element, and the controlled end of the voltage control element is connected with the motor voltage control end.

3. The constant speed control circuit of the dc brush motor according to claim 2, wherein the motor voltage measuring terminal is connected to a second terminal of the resistor R2 to measure a voltage value of the motor.

4. The constant speed control circuit of a dc brushed motor as defined in claim 3 wherein the voltage control is a thyristor.

5. The constant speed control circuit of the DC brush motor according to claim 4, wherein a resistor R3 is connected in series between the SCR and the micro control unit.

6. The constant speed control circuit of the DC brush motor according to claim 5, wherein the grid module comprises a resistor R4 and a resistor R6, a first end of the resistor R6 is connected to a live wire, a second end of the resistor R6 is connected to a first end of the resistor R4, a second end of the resistor R4 is connected to an output end of the voltage stabilizing module, and a grid voltage measuring end is connected to a first end of the resistor R4 to measure a voltage value of a grid.

7. The constant speed control circuit of the DC brush motor according to claim 6, wherein a fuse F1 is connected in series between the first end of the resistor R6 and the live wire.

8. The constant speed control circuit of the direct current brush motor according to claim 7, wherein the voltage stabilizing module comprises a diode D4, a resistor R32, a resistor R14, a resistor R33, a capacitor E1, a diode U2, a resistor R35 and a resistor R36, a cathode of the diode D4 is connected to a live wire, an anode of the diode D4 is connected to a first end of the resistor R32, a second end of the resistor R32 is connected to a first end of the resistor R14, a second end of the resistor R14 is connected to a first end of the resistor R33, a second end of the resistor R33 is connected to a second end of the capacitor E1, an anode of the diode U2 and a second end of the resistor R36, and are grounded, and a first end of the capacitor E1, a cathode of the diode U2 and a first end of the resistor R36 are connected to a neutral wire.

9. A constant speed control method of a dc brushed motor, based on the constant speed control circuit of the dc brushed motor of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

acquiring a power grid voltage value and a motor voltage value;

performing difference operation on the power grid voltage value and the motor voltage value to obtain a voltage difference value;

judging whether the voltage difference value is matched with a voltage value corresponding to a target rotating speed or not;

and if not, controlling the voltage control part to adjust the voltage value of the motor, so that the voltage difference value between the voltage value of the power grid and the adjusted voltage value of the motor is matched with the voltage value corresponding to the target rotating speed.

10. The constant speed control method of the dc brushed motor according to claim 9, wherein the step of obtaining the grid voltage value and the motor voltage value is preceded by the steps of:

and acquiring voltage values of all rotating speeds of the motor in a normal working state to obtain voltage values corresponding to all target rotating speeds.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of motor constant speed control, in particular to a constant speed control circuit and a constant speed control method for a direct current brush motor.

Background

The scheme of the product capable of accurately controlling the constant speed of the motor in the current market basically utilizes a Hall sensor to be combined with a mechanical structure to realize the constant speed control, so that a Hall speed measuring device and related structural accessories are used in hardware, the design is complex, and the cost is higher. Therefore, we have developed a scheme that can directly and precisely control the constant speed through a simple circuit without using a hall sensor and structural parts.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a constant-speed control circuit and a constant-speed control method for a direct-current brush motor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a constant speed control circuit of a direct current brush motor comprises a voltage stabilizing module, a motor module, a power grid module and a micro control unit, the output end of the voltage stabilizing module is respectively connected with the input ends of the motor module and the power grid module, the power grid voltage measuring end of the micro control unit is connected with the power grid module, the output end of the power grid module is connected with the live wire to form a loop, the motor voltage measuring end of the micro control unit is connected with the motor module, the motor module comprises a motor and a voltage control piece, the controlled end of the voltage control part is connected with the motor voltage control end of the micro control unit, the control end of the voltage control part is connected with the motor, the micro control unit is used for controlling the voltage control element to adjust the voltage of the motor, and the output end of the motor module is connected with the live wire to form a loop.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the motor module further comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a diode D1, a capacitor C10 and a converter BR1, wherein a V + end of the converter BR1 is respectively connected with the positive electrode of the motor, the negative electrode of the diode D1, a second end of the capacitor C10 and a first end of the resistor R1, a second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the first end of the resistor R2, a second end of the resistor R2 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, a V-end of the converter BR1 is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the motor, the positive electrode of the diode D1 and the first end of the capacitor C10, an AC end of the converter BR1 is connected with the live wire, the other AC end of the converter BR1 is connected with the control end of the voltage control unit, and the controlled end of the voltage control unit is connected with the voltage control end of the motor.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the motor voltage measuring terminal is connected with the second terminal of the resistor R2 to measure the voltage value of the motor.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the voltage control part is a silicon controlled rectifier.

The further technical scheme is as follows: and a resistor R3 is connected in series between the controllable silicon and the micro control unit.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the electric wire netting module includes resistance R4 and resistance R6, the first end and the live wire of resistance R6 are connected, resistance R6 the second end with resistance R4's first end is connected, resistance R4 the second end with the output of voltage stabilizing module is connected, grid voltage measurement end with the voltage value in order to measure the electric wire netting is connected to resistance R4's first end.

The further technical scheme is as follows: a fuse F1 is connected in series between the first end of the resistor R6 and the live wire.

The further technical scheme is as follows: the voltage stabilizing module comprises a diode D4, a resistor R32, a resistor R14, a resistor R33, a capacitor E1, a diode U2, a resistor R35 and a resistor R36, wherein the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with a live wire, the anode of a diode D4 is connected with the first end of the resistor R32, the second end of the resistor R32 is connected with the first end of the resistor R14, the second end of the resistor R14 is connected with the first end of the resistor R33, the second end of the resistor R33 is respectively connected with the second end of the capacitor E1, the anode of the diode U2 and the second end of the resistor R36 and grounded, and the first end of the capacitor E1, the cathode of the diode U2 and the first end of the resistor R36 are all connected with a neutral wire.

A constant speed control method of a direct current brush motor is based on the constant speed control circuit of the direct current brush motor and comprises the following steps:

acquiring a power grid voltage value and a motor voltage value;

performing difference operation on the power grid voltage value and the motor voltage value to obtain a voltage difference value;

judging whether the voltage difference value is matched with a voltage value corresponding to a target rotating speed or not;

and if not, controlling the voltage control part to adjust the voltage value of the motor, so that the voltage difference value between the voltage value of the power grid and the adjusted voltage value of the motor is matched with the voltage value corresponding to the target rotating speed.

The further technical scheme is as follows: before the step of obtaining the grid voltage value and the motor voltage value, the method further comprises the following steps:

and acquiring voltage values of all rotating speeds of the motor in a normal working state to obtain voltage values corresponding to all target rotating speeds.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the constant-speed control circuit of the direct-current brush motor is provided with the motor module so that the micro control unit can measure the voltage value of the motor, the power grid module is arranged so that the micro control unit can measure the voltage value of a power grid, the voltage value of the motor and the voltage value of the power grid are converted through a difference value, and then the corresponding relation between the rotating speed and the voltage is calculated, so that the conduction angle of the voltage control piece is controlled to change the voltage of the motor, and the purpose of controlling the constant speed of the motor is achieved.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above description and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a constant speed control circuit for a DC brush motor;

FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of a constant speed control method for a DC brushed motor;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of a constant speed control method of a dc brush motor according to another embodiment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be connected or detachably connected or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above should not be understood to necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, a constant speed control circuit for a dc brush motor includes a voltage stabilizing module 30, a motor module 10, a power grid module 20, and a micro control unit 40, wherein an output end of the voltage stabilizing module 30 is connected to input ends of the motor module 10 and the power grid module 20, a power grid voltage measuring end of the micro control unit 40 is connected to the power grid module 20, an output end of the power grid module 20 is connected to a live wire to form a loop, a motor voltage measuring end of the micro control unit 40 is connected to the motor module 10, the motor module 10 includes a motor and a voltage control element, a controlled end of the voltage control element is connected to a motor voltage control end of the micro control unit 40, a control end of the voltage control element is connected to the motor, the micro control unit 40 is configured to control the voltage control element to adjust a motor voltage, and an. The control circuit is provided with the motor module 10 so that the micro control unit can measure the voltage value of the motor, the power grid module 20 so that the micro control unit 40 can measure the voltage value of the power grid, and the corresponding relation between the rotating speed and the voltage is calculated after the difference value between the voltage value of the motor and the voltage value of the power grid is converted, so that the conduction angle of the voltage control part is controlled, and the purpose of controlling the constant speed is achieved.

In an embodiment, the motor module 10 further includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a diode D1, a capacitor C10, and a converter BR1, wherein a V + terminal of the converter BR1 is connected to an anode of the motor, a cathode of the diode D1, a second terminal of the capacitor C10, and a first terminal of the resistor R1, a second terminal of the resistor R1 is connected to the first terminal of the resistor R2, a second terminal of the resistor R2 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing module 30, a V-terminal of the converter BR1 is connected to the cathode of the motor, the anode of the diode D1, and the first terminal of the capacitor C10, an AC terminal of the converter BR1 is connected to the hot line, another AC terminal is connected to the control terminal of the voltage control unit, and the controlled terminal of the voltage control unit is connected to the motor voltage. Converter BR1 can convert alternating current to direct current, and the current flows from resistor R2, resistor R1, the positive pole of the motor, the negative pole of the motor, the V-terminal of converter BR1, the AC terminal of converter BR1 to the live wire, forming a loop. The micro control unit 40 is used for controlling the conduction angle of the voltage control member to further change the voltage of the motor, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the constant speed.

In one embodiment, the motor voltage measuring terminal is connected to the second terminal of the resistor R2 to measure the voltage value of the motor.

In one embodiment, the voltage control component is a thyristor, so that the cost is low and the adjustment is convenient.

In one embodiment, a resistor R3 is connected in series between the thyristor and the mcu 40 for voltage reduction.

In one embodiment, the grid module 20 includes a resistor R4 and a resistor R6, a first terminal of the resistor R6 is connected to the live line, a second terminal of the resistor R6 is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R4, a second terminal of the resistor R4 is connected to the output terminal of the voltage stabilizing module 30, and a grid voltage measuring terminal is connected to a first terminal of the resistor R4 to measure the voltage value of the grid.

In one embodiment, a fuse F1 is connected in series between the first end of the resistor R6 and the hot line. Prevent the damage to the circuit and the components when the current is too large.

In an embodiment, the voltage regulator module 30 includes a diode D4, a resistor R32, a resistor R14, a resistor R33, a capacitor E1, a diode U2, a resistor R35, and a resistor R36, a cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the live line, an anode of the diode D4 is connected to a first end of the resistor R32, a second end of the resistor R32 is connected to the first end of the resistor R14, a second end of the resistor R14 is connected to the first end of the resistor R33, a second end of the resistor R33 is respectively connected to a second end of the capacitor E1, an anode of the diode U2, and a second end of the resistor R36 and is grounded, and a first end of the capacitor E1, a cathode of the diode U2, and a first end of the resistor R36 are all connected to the neutral line. The AC power supply is subjected to half-wave rectification through a diode D4, a resistor R32, a resistor R14 and a resistor R33 are subjected to voltage reduction, a capacitor E1 performs filtering, and a diode U2 is subjected to voltage stabilization to finally provide stable 5V voltage for a control circuit, so that the voltage stabilization module 30 is simple in structure and low in cost.

As shown in fig. 2, a constant speed control method for a dc brush motor based on the above constant speed control circuit for a dc brush motor includes the following steps S11 to S14:

and S11, acquiring a power grid voltage value and a motor voltage value.

And S12, performing difference operation on the power grid voltage value and the motor voltage value to obtain a voltage difference value.

And S13, judging whether the voltage difference value is matched with the voltage value corresponding to the target rotating speed.

And S14, if the voltage values are not matched, controlling the voltage control part to adjust the voltage value of the motor, and enabling the voltage difference value between the voltage value of the power grid and the adjusted voltage value of the motor to be matched with the voltage value corresponding to the target rotating speed.

According to the control method, the motor voltage value and the power grid voltage value are obtained through the micro control unit 40, the corresponding relation between the rotating speed and the voltage is calculated after the motor voltage value and the power grid voltage value are converted through a difference value, so that the conduction angle of the voltage control part is controlled, and the purpose of accurately controlling the constant speed is achieved.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a constant speed control method for a dc brush motor according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the constant speed control method of the dc brush motor of the present embodiment includes steps S21-S25. Steps S22-S25 are similar to steps S11-S14 in the above embodiments, and are not repeated herein. The step S21 added in the present embodiment is explained in detail below.

And S21, acquiring voltage values of all rotating speeds of the motor in a normal working state, and acquiring voltage values corresponding to all target rotating speeds. The voltage difference value obtained by processing is convenient to compare with the voltage value corresponding to the target rotating speed, the power of the motor is further adjusted, and the aim of accurately controlling the rotating speed is finally achieved.

Compared with the prior art, the constant speed control circuit of the direct current brush motor is convenient for the micro control unit to measure the voltage value of the motor by arranging the motor module, is convenient for the micro control unit to measure the voltage value of the power grid by arranging the power grid module, calculates the corresponding relation between the rotating speed and the voltage by converting the voltage value of the motor and the voltage value of the power grid through the difference value, and controls the conduction angle of the voltage control piece to change the voltage of the motor so as to achieve the aim of controlling the constant speed of the motor.

The technical contents of the present invention are further illustrated by the examples only for the convenience of the reader, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any technical extension or re-creation based on the present invention is protected by the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.