阅读说明：本技术 立体压纹皮革的制备工艺 (Preparation process of three-dimensional embossed leather ) 是由 陈庆丰 庄汉珍 刘建刚 于 2020-12-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及皮革技术领域,且公开了立体压纹皮革的制备工艺,包括以下步骤：整理：将回收之后的原皮根据尺寸分开放置,将厚度和大小相同的原皮放置在一起,对原皮进行初步分类整理,浸水：向温水的内部加入消毒液,然后测量清水的温度,根据皮革种类的不同调节清水的温度,然后将原皮浸没于清水中,同时根据原皮种类的不同控制浸泡的时间。该立体压纹皮革的制备工艺,通过对皮革进行鞣制,可以有效地缩小部位差,使腹肷等松软部位得到良好的填充,使整张革的物理性能更加均匀,可提高皮革的出裁率,让加工之后的皮革的的韧性得到提升,有效的提高了皮革生产的质量,涂饰后的成品不易玷污也易被擦掉,易于保养。(The invention relates to the technical field of leather, and discloses a preparation process of three-dimensional embossed leather, which comprises the following steps: finishing: the former skin after will retrieving is separated according to the size and is placed, places the same former skin of thickness and size together, carries out preliminary classification arrangement, soaking to the former skin: adding disinfectant into the warm water, measuring the temperature of the clear water, adjusting the temperature of the clear water according to the different leather types, immersing the original leather into the clear water, and controlling the soaking time according to the different leather types. According to the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather, the leather is tanned, so that the position difference can be effectively reduced, the soft parts such as the hips and the hips are well filled, the physical performance of the whole leather is more uniform, the cutting rate of the leather can be improved, the toughness of the processed leather is improved, the production quality of the leather is effectively improved, and the finished product after being coated is not easy to stain and wipe off and is easy to maintain.)

1. The preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) finishing: the recovered raw skins are separately placed according to the size, the raw skins with the same thickness and size are placed together, and the raw skins are subjected to preliminary classification and arrangement;

2) soaking: adding a disinfectant into the warm water, measuring the temperature of the clear water, adjusting the temperature of the clear water according to the different leather types, immersing the original leather into the clear water, and controlling the soaking time according to the different leather types;

3) rough machining: the method comprises the following steps of coating lime on the surface of the original skin to enable hairs on the original skin to be loosened, then separating the hairs on the surface of the original skin by using a hair removal machine, then mechanically removing fat and redundant meat on the surface of the original skin from the surface of the original skin, and splitting the original skin into a plurality of layers according to different uses;

4) deliming: separately immersing the split original skin into water, adding acid into the water, uniformly stirring, immersing for 5-10 minutes, and taking out the original skin for drying;

5) tanning: placing the dried leather in a stretching configuration mode, then placing the leather at a smoking point to smoke the surface of the hide, opening and cooling the hide after 10-20 minutes of smoking, placing the cooled hide in clear water added with formalin solution to soak for 4-8 hours, and controlling the water temperature at 40 ℃;

6) retanning: fishing out the tanned raw leather, putting the raw leather into clear water for air inlet cleaning, fishing out the cleaned raw leather, putting the cleaned raw leather into a temporal part of a soaking pool filled with retanning liquid, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃, neutralizing the pH value to 5, and soaking the raw leather for 30-50 minutes under the environment;

7) fat liquoring: taking out the soaked raw leather, drying, coating the leather with cow hoof oil, coating the leather surface with the finishing shafts, and airing at 60 ℃ for 1-2 hours;

8) and (3) embossing, namely stretching the aired and dried leather, putting the stretched leather into an embossing machine, embossing, separately putting the leather, coating the surface of the leather by a worker, coating a layer of coating agent on the surface defects, rough surfaces, color differences and colored patterns of the leather, airing and drying the coated leather to finish the manufacturing of the leather.

2. The process for preparing the three-dimensional embossed leather according to claim 1, wherein the fur of different animals is separately stored in the finishing process, and after the degreasing, the surface of the original leather should be manually observed again to remove the excessive fat.

3. The process for preparing the three-dimensional embossed leather according to claim 1, wherein the acid solution added in the deliming process is an ammonium sulfate aqueous solution, and the pH value of the hide is controlled according to the type of the leather to be produced.

4. The process for preparing the stereo embossed leather according to the claim 1, wherein the tanning is performed before ensuring that the surface of the leather is free from impurities, and the ratio of the formalin solution to clear water is 0.1: 1, the leather after retanning needs to be embossed after the surface is ironed.

5. The process for preparing the three-dimensional embossed leather according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate-based binder is applied to the surface of the leather during the fatliquoring process, the coating agent forms a layer of film color paste on the surface of the leather by wiping, brushing, spraying or spraying, and a gloss agent and a water-resistant agent are added to the interior of the coating agent during the coating process.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of leather, in particular to a preparation process of three-dimensional embossed leather.

Background

The leather is animal leather which is obtained by physical and chemical processing such as unhairing, tanning and the like and is denatured and not easy to rot, the leather is formed by tightly weaving natural protein fibers in a three-dimensional space, and the surface of the leather is provided with a special grain layer which has natural grains and luster and comfortable hand feeling.

The manufacturing method of the fireproof leather provided by the invention CN 108330226B granted by China has the beneficial effects that the fireproof leather manufactured by the manufacturing method is high in strength, strong in flame retardant property, high in tearing strength and excellent in wear resistance and bending resistance, but the leather is not subjected to pressing operation in the manufacturing process, so that the toughness of the leather is poor, the situation that the outgoing line is loose is caused, the surface pattern is fixed, the appearance is poor, and the requirement is difficult to meet in the subsequent processing, so that the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather is provided to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather, which has the advantages of strong toughness, rich surface texture, attractive appearance and the like, and solves the problems that the leather has poor toughness and loose outgoing lines due to no pressing operation in the manufacturing process, the surface patterns are fixed, the appearance is poor and the requirements are difficult to meet in the subsequent processing.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the purposes of strong toughness, rich surface texture and attractive appearance, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather comprises the following steps:

1) finishing: the recovered raw skins are separately placed according to the size, the raw skins with the same thickness and size are placed together, and the raw skins are subjected to preliminary classification and arrangement;

2) soaking: adding a disinfectant into the warm water, measuring the temperature of the clear water, adjusting the temperature of the clear water according to the different leather types, immersing the original leather into the clear water, and controlling the soaking time according to the different leather types;

3) rough machining: the method comprises the following steps of coating lime on the surface of the original skin to enable hairs on the original skin to be loosened, then separating the hairs on the surface of the original skin by using a hair removal machine, then mechanically removing fat and redundant meat on the surface of the original skin from the surface of the original skin, and splitting the original skin into a plurality of layers according to different uses;

4) deliming: separately immersing the split original skin into water, adding acid into the water, uniformly stirring, immersing for 5-10 minutes, and taking out the original skin for drying;

5) tanning: placing the dried leather in a stretching configuration mode, then placing the leather at a smoking point to smoke the surface of the hide, opening and cooling the hide after 10-20 minutes of smoking, placing the cooled hide in clear water added with formalin solution to soak for 4-8 hours, and controlling the water temperature at 40 ℃;

6) retanning: fishing out the tanned raw leather, putting the raw leather into clear water for air inlet cleaning, fishing out the cleaned raw leather, putting the cleaned raw leather into a temporal part of a soaking pool filled with retanning liquid, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃, neutralizing the pH value to 5, and soaking the raw leather for 30-50 minutes under the environment;

7) fat liquoring: taking out the soaked raw leather, drying, coating the leather with cow hoof oil, coating the leather surface with the finishing shafts, and airing at 60 ℃ for 1-2 hours;

8) and (3) embossing, namely stretching the aired and dried leather, putting the stretched leather into an embossing machine, embossing, separately putting the leather, coating the surface of the leather by a worker, coating a layer of coating agent on the surface defects, rough surfaces, color differences and colored patterns of the leather, airing and drying the coated leather to finish the manufacturing of the leather.

Preferably, in the step of finishing, the fur of different animals is stored separately, and after the degreasing, the surface of the original skin should be observed manually again to remove the excessive fat.

Preferably, the acid solution added in the deliming process is an ammonium sulfate aqueous solution, and the pH value of the raw leather is controlled according to different types of the produced leather.

Preferably, before tanning, the surface of the hide is ensured to be free of impurities, and the ratio of the formalin solution to clear water is 0.1: 1, the leather after retanning needs to be embossed after the surface is ironed;

preferably, phosphate adhesives are coated on the surface of the leather in the greasing process, a layer of film color paste is formed on the surface of the leather by wiping, brushing, spraying and spraying the coating agent, and a gloss agent and a water-resisting agent are added into the coating in the coating process.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather, which has the following beneficial effects:

1. the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather has the advantages that the leather is tanned, the original leather is smoked in the tanning process, the smoking can effectively soften the surface of the original leather, then soaking the leather in formalin solution to connect the collagen groups of the original leather fibers, endowing the leather with plump hand feeling, enhancing the tensile strength and the tearing strength of the leather, meanwhile, the mechanical energy of the raw skin is retanned again after tanning, so that the tanning function can be supplemented, the tannin content is improved, the tight degree of fiber weaving of each part of the raw skin is different, the part difference exists, the retanning agent with stronger filling function is used, can effectively reduce the position difference, well fill the loose parts such as the ribs and the hips, and the like, ensure that the physical property of the whole leather is more uniform, the cutting rate of the leather can be improved, the toughness of the processed leather is improved, and the quality of leather production is effectively improved.

2. The preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather comprises the steps of embossing leather, changing stretching into embossing in the leather production process, applying high pressure to leather, compacting histiocytes in the leather, generating different patterns on the surface of the leather, improving the toughness of the leather, simultaneously increasing the aesthetic degree of the appearance of the leather, enabling the surface of the leather to have different textures, coating the leather before finishing leather making, improving the aesthetic appearance of the leather surface, correcting the defect of the damaged and damaged parts on the surface of the leather, improving the use value of the leather, improving the natural defects of the raw leather and the defects caused by improper control and operation in the production process, such as rough surface, color pattern, color difference and the like, can be improved by means of surface grinding, coating and the like, and simultaneously increasing the heat resistance, cold resistance, organic solvent resistance, water resistance, dry and wet rubbing resistance and the like of the leather by additives, the finished product after coating is not easy to stain and wipe off, and is easy to maintain.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows: the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather comprises the following steps:

1) finishing: the recovered raw skins are separately placed according to the size, the raw skins with the same thickness and size are placed together, and the raw skins are subjected to preliminary classification and arrangement;

2) soaking: adding a disinfectant into warm water, measuring the temperature of clear water, adjusting the temperature of the clear water according to the different leather types, immersing the original leather into the clear water, controlling the soaking time according to the different leather types, separately storing furs of different animals in a finishing procedure, manually observing the surface of the original leather again after degreasing, and removing redundant fat;

3) rough machining: the method comprises the following steps of coating lime on the surface of the original skin to enable hairs on the original skin to be loosened, then separating the hairs on the surface of the original skin by using a hair removal machine, then mechanically removing fat and redundant meat on the surface of the original skin from the surface of the original skin, and splitting the original skin into a plurality of layers according to different uses;

4) deliming: separately immersing the split original leather into water, adding acid into the water, uniformly stirring the water, immersing the water for 5 minutes, taking out the original leather, drying the original leather, adding an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate into the acid solution in the deliming process, and controlling the pH value of the original leather according to different types of the produced leather;

5) tanning: placing the dried leather in a stretching configuration mode, then placing the leather at a smoking point to smoke the surface of the original leather, opening and cooling the original leather after 10 minutes of smoking, placing the cooled original leather in clear water added with formalin solution to be soaked for 4 hours, and controlling the water temperature to be 40 ℃;

6) retanning: fishing out the tanned raw leather, putting the raw leather into clear water for air inlet cleaning, fishing out the cleaned raw leather, putting the cleaned raw leather into a temporal part of a soaking pool filled with retanning liquid, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃, neutralizing the pH value to 5, and soaking the raw leather for 30 minutes under the environment;

7) fat liquoring: taking out the soaked original leather, drying, coating the original leather on the outer side of the leather by adopting cow hoof oil, coating the surface of the leather with a finishing shaft, airing for 1 hour under the environment that the temperature is controlled at 60 ℃, coating a phosphate adhesive on the surface of the leather in the greasing process, forming a layer of film color paste on the surface of the leather by a coating agent in a wiping, brushing, spraying and spraying manner, and adding a gloss agent and a water-resistant agent into the coating in the coating process;

8) embossing, namely stretching the aired and dried leather, putting the stretched and dried leather into an embossing machine, carrying out embossing, separately putting the leather, coating the surface of the leather by a worker, coating a layer of coating agent on the defects, rough surfaces, color differences and colored spots of the surface of the leather, airing and drying the leather after coating, wherein sundries are not left on the surface of the original leather before tanning, and the ratio of a formalin solution to clear water is 0.1: the tanned leathers require surface ironing followed by embossing.

Example two: the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather comprises the following steps:

1) finishing: the recovered raw skins are separately placed according to the size, the raw skins with the same thickness and size are placed together, and the raw skins are subjected to preliminary classification and arrangement;

2) soaking: adding a disinfectant into warm water, measuring the temperature of clear water, adjusting the temperature of the clear water according to the different leather types, immersing the original leather into the clear water, controlling the soaking time according to the different leather types, separately storing furs of different animals in a finishing procedure, manually observing the surface of the original leather again after degreasing, and removing redundant fat;

3) rough machining: the method comprises the following steps of coating lime on the surface of the original skin to enable hairs on the original skin to be loosened, then separating the hairs on the surface of the original skin by using a hair removal machine, then mechanically removing fat and redundant meat on the surface of the original skin from the surface of the original skin, and splitting the original skin into a plurality of layers according to different uses;

4) deliming: separately immersing the split original leather into water, adding acid into the water, uniformly stirring the water, then soaking the water for 10 minutes, taking out the original leather, drying the original leather, adding an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate into the acid solution in the deliming process, and controlling the pH value of the original leather according to different types of the produced leather;

5) tanning: placing the dried leather in a stretching configuration mode, then placing the leather at a smoking point to smoke the surface of the original leather, opening and cooling the original leather after smoking for 20 minutes, placing the cooled original leather in clear water added with formalin solution to soak for 8 hours, and controlling the water temperature to be 40 ℃;

6) retanning: fishing out the tanned raw leather, putting the raw leather into clear water for air inlet cleaning, fishing out the cleaned raw leather, putting the cleaned raw leather into a temporal part of a soaking pool filled with retanning liquid, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃, neutralizing the pH value to 5, and soaking the raw leather for 50 minutes under the environment;

7) fat liquoring: taking out the soaked original leather, drying, coating the original leather on the outer side of the leather by adopting cow hoof oil, coating the surface of the leather with a finishing shaft, controlling the temperature to be 60 ℃, airing for 2 hours, coating a phosphate adhesive on the surface of the leather in the greasing process, forming a layer of film color paste on the surface of the leather by a coating agent in a wiping, brushing, spraying and spraying manner, and adding a gloss agent and a water-resistant agent into the coating in the coating process;

8) embossing, namely stretching the aired and dried leather, putting the stretched and dried leather into an embossing machine, carrying out embossing, separately putting the leather, coating the surface of the leather by a worker, coating a layer of coating agent on the defects, rough surfaces, color differences and colored spots of the surface of the leather, airing and drying the leather after coating, wherein sundries are not left on the surface of the original leather before tanning, and the ratio of a formalin solution to clear water is 0.1: the tanned leathers require surface ironing followed by embossing.

Experiments prove that the process of retanning and embossing is added during the leather processing technology, the retanning can effectively change the softness of the surface of the leather, improve the fullness, reduce the position difference, change the surface charge of the leather, promote the uniform dyeing, increase the overall toughness of the leather in an embossing mode, form textures on the surface of the leather and improve the attractiveness of the leather.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation process of the three-dimensional embossed leather comprises the steps of tanning the leather, smoking the leather in the tanning process, wherein the smoking can effectively soften the surface of the leather, then soaking the leather in formalin solution to connect collagen groups of fibers of the leather, endowing the leather with plump hand feeling, enhancing the tensile strength and the tearing strength of the leather, simultaneously retanning the leather again by mechanical energy after tanning, supplementing the tanning effect, improving the tannin content, ensuring that the tightness degree of fiber weaving of each part of the leather is different and having part difference, using a retanning agent with stronger filling effect at the moment, effectively reducing the part difference, ensuring that the soft parts such as the abdominal ribs and the like are well filled, ensuring that the physical performance of the whole leather is more uniform, improving the cutting rate of the leather, improving the toughness of the processed leather and effectively improving the quality of the leather production,

furthermore, the leather is embossed, the stretching is changed into the embossing in the leather production process, high pressure is applied to the leather, tissue cells in the leather are compacted, different patterns are generated on the surface of the leather, the toughness of the leather is improved, the appearance of the leather is improved, the surface of the leather can have different textures, the leather is coated before the leather is manufactured, the appearance of the leather surface is improved, the defect of the damaged leather surface is corrected, the use value of the leather is improved, the natural defect of the raw leather and the defect caused by improper control and operation in the production process, such as rough surface, color pattern, color difference and the like, can be improved by means of surface grinding, coating and the like, the heat resistance, cold resistance, organic solvent resistance, water resistance, dry and wet rubbing resistance and the like of the leather are improved by additives, and the finished product is not easy to stain and easy to be coated, is easy to maintain.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.