阅读说明：本技术 马铃薯雄蕊采集器及其使用方法 (Potato stamen collector and using method thereof ) 是由 杨小华 于 2021-07-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种马铃薯雄蕊采集器及其使用方法,包括镊子主体,镊子主体包括臂杆,臂杆的一端分别连接有夹持杆,臂杆的另一端连接有镊头,镊头安装有切刀；夹持杆的另一端通过销轴铰接；夹持杆之间还设有复位弹簧；还包括设置在臂杆下方的收集袋；收集袋连接有驱动机构,包括气囊,气囊与夹持杆相连；两个臂杆的内部均开设有滑腔,气囊与滑腔相连通；滑腔中活动设置有推杆,推杆的一端连接有活塞,活塞与滑腔内壁滑动连接；滑腔内壁上设置有挡台；推杆的另一端连接有固定杆,臂杆开设有滑槽,固定杆的另一端自由穿过该滑槽与收集袋相连。整个装置结构简单、设计巧妙,利用食指、拇指以及手心的配合就可完成雄蕊的采集,非常方便和实用。(The invention provides a potato stamen collector and a using method thereof, wherein the potato stamen collector comprises a tweezers main body, the tweezers main body comprises arm rods, one ends of the arm rods are respectively connected with a clamping rod, the other ends of the arm rods are connected with tweezers heads, and cutters are arranged on the tweezers heads; the other end of the clamping rod is hinged through a pin shaft; a return spring is also arranged between the clamping rods; the collecting bag is arranged below the arm rod; the collecting bag is connected with a driving mechanism which comprises an air bag, and the air bag is connected with the clamping rod; sliding cavities are formed in the two arm rods, and the air bag is communicated with the sliding cavities; a push rod is movably arranged in the sliding cavity, one end of the push rod is connected with a piston, and the piston is connected with the inner wall of the sliding cavity in a sliding manner; a baffle table is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding cavity; the other end of the push rod is connected with a fixed rod, the arm rod is provided with a chute, and the other end of the fixed rod freely penetrates through the chute to be connected with the collecting bag. The whole device is simple in structure and ingenious in design, the stamens can be collected by matching the forefinger, the thumb and the palm, and the device is very convenient and practical.)

1. A potato stamen collector comprises a tweezers main body, wherein the tweezers main body comprises two arm rods, one ends of the two arm rods are respectively connected with a clamping rod, the other ends of the two arm rods are respectively connected with tweezers heads, and the two tweezers heads are provided with cutters for cutting stamens; the other ends of the two clamping rods are hinged together through a pin shaft to form a V-shaped structure; a return spring is also arranged between the clamping rods; the surface of the arm rod is provided with an anti-slip pad; the device is characterized by further comprising a collecting bag for containing stamens, wherein the collecting bag is arranged below the arm rod; the collecting bag is connected with a driving mechanism which drives the collecting bag to reciprocate, the driving mechanism comprises an air bag, and the air bag is connected with the clamping rod; sliding cavities are formed in the two arm rods, and the air bag is communicated with the two sliding cavities through two air pipes; a push rod is movably arranged in the sliding cavity, one end of the push rod is connected with a piston, and the piston is connected with the inner wall of the sliding cavity in a sliding manner; a baffle table used for limiting the piston is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding cavity; the other end of the push rod is connected with a fixed rod, the arm rod is provided with a chute, and the other end of the fixed rod freely penetrates through the chute to be connected with the collecting bag.

2. The potato stamen collector as claimed in claim 1, wherein an extension rod is movably arranged in the sliding cavity, a through cavity is formed in the push rod, the extension rod is connected in the through cavity in a sliding manner, and one end of the extension rod freely passes through the end of the push rod and extends into the sliding cavity; the other end of the extension rod is connected with a sealing plug, and the sealing plug is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the through cavity; a through stepped hole is formed in the center of the piston, and a retaining shoulder is formed in the stepped hole and used for limiting the sealing plug; the fixed rod is connected with one end of the extension rod.

3. The potato stamen collector of claim 2, wherein a tension spring is disposed in the stepped hole; one end of the tension spring is connected with the inner wall of the piston, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the sealing plug.

4. The potato stamen collector of claim 1, wherein each tweezer head is further connected with an arc-shaped shell; the two shells are symmetrically arranged; when the two cutters are folded to cut off the stamens, the two shells are oppositely folded to form a cylindrical structure.

5. The potato stamen collector of claim 1, wherein a hook is arranged at the end of the fixing rod, and the collecting bag is detachably hung on the hook.

6. The potato stamen collector of claim 1 wherein the return spring is a compression or torsion spring.

7. A method for using a potato stamen collector, which is characterized in that the potato stamen collector of any one of claims 1-6 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the collecting bag is hung on the fixed rod, the forceps main body is held by hands, and the thumb and the forefinger are respectively placed on the anti-slip pads of the two arm rods, so that the air bag at the rear end is just positioned in the hand center;

step two: the thumb and the forefinger exert force to close the forceps main body, and the two cutters move towards the direction close to each other to cut off the stamens; in the moving process of the cutter, the two shells are mutually closed to form a cylindrical structure, so that the cut stamens are prevented from falling off from the forceps head;

step three: after the stamens are cut off, the forceps main body is kept in a pinching state, the stamens are positioned in the collecting cylinder, and the air bag is extruded by applying force to the palms; through the extrusion of the palm of the hand, gas in the air bag enters the sliding cavity, the push rod is pushed to slide towards the forceps head in the sliding cavity, the push rod can drive the fixing rod to move, the collection bag is further driven to slide forwards, the collection bag is located below the forceps head, at the moment, the thumb and the forefinger loosen the forceps, and the stamen can fall into the collection bag and be collected;

step four: after the collection is finished, the palm does not exert any force any more, the air bag is loosened, the push rod drives the collection bag to restore to the original position in the resetting process of the air bag, so that the collection bag is positioned in the middle and at the rear of the arm rod, and the collection of stamens at the front end cannot be disturbed.

8. The use method of a potato stamen collector as claimed in claim 7, wherein the third step further comprises linkage of an extension rod, and the specific process is as follows: after the gas in the air bag enters the sliding cavity, the push rod is pushed to slide towards the forceps head in the sliding cavity, and meanwhile, the extension rod is also pushed to move towards the forceps head along the through cavity; when the piston moves to the stop table, the push rod does not move any more.

9. The method for using a potato stamen collector as claimed in claim 8, wherein the fourth step further comprises the resetting of the extension rod, and the specific process is as follows: after the collection is accomplished, the palm no longer does not use power, loosens the gasbag, and the gasbag is at the in-process that resets, and the push rod will remove to the direction that is close to the gasbag, simultaneously, under the pulling force effect of extension spring, the extension rod also forms the shrink relatively the push rod, finally realizes the restoration of collecting the bag.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural instruments, and particularly relates to a potato stamen collector and a using method thereof.

Background

Potatoes are self-pollinated crops, and the natural hybridization rate is generally not more than 0.5 percent. In the cultivation process, the potato blocks are usually used as seeds, the potato varieties are seriously degraded in the long term, the advantages of the conventional disease-resistant and drought-resistant varieties are not obvious any more, and the yield begins to decline along with the increase of the planting years. However, as an important means for improving varieties, crossbreeding of potato usually requires the following steps: castration, pollen collection and pollination hybridization. At present, the common castration method is that a worker holds tweezers or scissors and additionally carries a container or a collection bag, firstly collects stamens of potatoes and then puts the stamens into an independent container or a collection bag for collection and storage. There is a need for a device that can efficiently remove and quickly collect stamens cut from forceps.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, a potato stamen collector and a using method thereof are provided.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the technical scheme provides a potato stamen collector which comprises a tweezers main body, wherein the tweezers main body comprises two arm rods, one ends of the two arm rods are respectively connected with a clamping rod, the other ends of the two arm rods are respectively connected with tweezers heads, and the two tweezers heads are provided with cutters for cutting stamens; the other ends of the two clamping rods are hinged together through a pin shaft to form a V-shaped structure; a return spring is also arranged between the clamping rods; the surface of the arm rod is provided with an anti-slip pad; the collecting bag is used for containing stamens and is arranged below the arm rod; the collecting bag is connected with a driving mechanism which drives the collecting bag to reciprocate, the driving mechanism comprises an air bag, and the air bag is connected with the clamping rod; sliding cavities are formed in the two arm rods, and the air bag is communicated with the two sliding cavities through two air pipes; a push rod is movably arranged in the sliding cavity, one end of the push rod is connected with a piston, and the piston is connected with the inner wall of the sliding cavity in a sliding manner; a baffle table used for limiting the piston is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding cavity; the other end of the push rod is connected with a fixed rod, the arm rod is provided with a chute, and the other end of the fixed rod freely penetrates through the chute to be connected with the collecting bag.

An extension rod is movably arranged in the sliding cavity, a through cavity is formed in the push rod, the extension rod is connected in the through cavity in a sliding mode, and one end of the extension rod freely penetrates through the end portion of the push rod and extends into the sliding cavity; the other end of the extension rod is connected with a sealing plug, and the sealing plug is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the through cavity; a through stepped hole is formed in the center of the piston, and a retaining shoulder is formed in the stepped hole and used for limiting the sealing plug; the fixed rod is connected with one end of the extension rod.

A tension spring is arranged in the stepped hole; one end of the tension spring is connected with the inner wall of the piston, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the sealing plug.

Each forceps head is also connected with an arc-shaped shell; the two shells are symmetrically arranged; when the two cutters are folded to cut off the stamens, the two shells are oppositely folded to form a cylindrical structure.

The end of the fixed rod is provided with a hook, and the collecting bag is detachably hung on the hook.

The reset spring is a pressure spring or a torsion spring.

The invention also provides a using method of the potato stamen collector, and the method for using the potato stamen collector comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the collecting bag is hung on the fixed rod, the forceps main body is held by hands, and the thumb and the forefinger are respectively placed on the anti-slip pads of the two arm rods, so that the air bag at the rear end is just positioned in the hand center;

step two: the thumb and the forefinger exert force to close the forceps main body, and the two cutters move towards the direction close to each other to cut off the stamens; in the moving process of the cutter, the two shells are mutually closed to form a cylindrical structure, so that the cut stamens are prevented from falling off from the forceps head;

step three: after the stamens are cut off, the forceps main body is kept in a pinching state, the stamens are positioned in the collecting cylinder, and the air bag is extruded by applying force to the palms; through the extrusion of the palm of the hand, gas in the air bag enters the sliding cavity, the push rod is pushed to slide towards the forceps head in the sliding cavity, the push rod can drive the fixing rod to move, the collection bag is further driven to slide forwards, the collection bag is located below the forceps head, at the moment, the thumb and the forefinger loosen the forceps, and the stamen can fall into the collection bag and be collected;

step four: after the collection is finished, the palm does not exert any force any more, the air bag is loosened, the push rod drives the collection bag to restore to the original position in the resetting process of the air bag, so that the collection bag is positioned in the middle and at the rear of the arm rod, and the collection of stamens at the front end cannot be disturbed.

Still include the linkage of extension rod in the step three, specific process is as follows: after the gas in the air bag enters the sliding cavity, the push rod is pushed to slide towards the forceps head in the sliding cavity, and meanwhile, the extension rod is also pushed to move towards the forceps head along the through cavity; when the piston moves to the stop table, the push rod does not move any more.

The fourth step also comprises the resetting of the extension rod, and the concrete process is as follows: after the collection is accomplished, the palm no longer does not use power, loosens the gasbag, and the gasbag is at the in-process that resets, and the push rod will remove to the direction that is close to the gasbag, simultaneously, under the pulling force effect of extension spring, the extension rod also forms the shrink relatively the push rod, finally realizes the restoration of collecting the bag.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the collecting bag is arranged on the forceps main body, so that the forceps main body with the collecting bag is formed, and a container for collecting stamens does not need to be carried additionally; the forceps main body is also provided with a driving mechanism which drives the collecting bag to move back and forth; when the forceps are pressed, the stamens are cut off, then the air bags in the driving mechanism are squeezed by the palm, and the collecting bag can move towards the forceps head direction under the action of the push rod so as to receive the cut stamens; when the forceps main body is loosened, the stamens fall into the collecting bag, then the palm is loosened without extruding the air bag, so that the collecting bag can be restored to the original position, and the collecting work of the stamens at the front end is prevented from being interfered. The whole device is simple in structure, ingenious and reasonable in design, free of complex mechanical structures, capable of being operated by a single hand, capable of completing acquisition of stamens by matching of the index finger, the thumb and the palm of the hand, and very convenient and practical.

2. The forceps head of the device is provided with an arc-shaped shell, and the two shells are symmetrically arranged; after the two cutters are folded to cut off the stamens, the two shells are oppositely folded to form a cylindrical structure, so that the cut stamens can be prevented from falling off from the forceps head, the stamens cannot accurately fall into the collecting bag, and the protective and guiding effects are achieved.

3. Through setting up push rod and extension rod, the flexible shaft-like structure is constituteed with the extension rod to the push rod, can realize the large distance adjustment of collecting the bag, the removal scope of the collection bag that has enlarged, during initial condition like this, the position of collecting the bag and can setting up rear end in being close to the armed lever as far as possible prevents to collect the bag and influences the press from both sides disconnected work of front end tweezers head, guarantees going on in order of each action.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram (initial state) of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view (air bag compression state) of one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the structure of the present invention in fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the push rod and piston structure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram (initial state) of another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view (air bag pressed state) of another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the pressure spring.

Description of reference numerals:

1, a forceps head; 2, a shell; 3, cutting; 4 arm rods; 41, a baffle table; 5, anti-slip mats; 6, hooking; 7, collecting the bags; 8 extending the rod; 81 a sealing plug; 9 push rods; 10 a piston; 11 an air pipe; 12 air bags; 13 clamping rods; 14, a pin shaft; 15 fixing the rod; 16 tension springs; and 17, pressing the spring.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1-4, the embodiment provides a potato stamen collector, which comprises a forceps main body, wherein the forceps main body comprises two arm rods 4, one end of each arm rod 4 is connected with a clamping rod 13, the other end of each arm rod 4 is connected with a forceps head 1, and the two forceps heads 1 are provided with a cutter 3 for cutting off stamens; the other ends of the two clamping rods 13 are hinged together through a pin shaft 14 to form a V-shaped structure; a return spring is further arranged between the clamping rods 13, the return spring can adopt two types of springs, one type is a compression spring 17, as shown in fig. 7, the compression spring 17 is arranged between the two arm rods 4, and two ends of the compression spring 17 are respectively connected with the two arm rods 4; another form is a torsion spring, which may be sleeved over the pin 14.

In order to facilitate the operation of workers, the surface of the arm rod 4 is provided with an anti-slip pad 5, so that the friction force is increased.

The collecting bag 7 is used for containing stamens, and the collecting bag 7 is arranged below the arm rod 4; collect bag 7 and be connected with the drive and collect bag 7 and carry out reciprocating motion's actuating mechanism, wherein:

the driving mechanism comprises an air bag 12, the air bag 12 is connected with a clamping rod 13, the air bag 12 is attached to the clamping rod 13, the air bag 12 is communicated with two air pipes 11, the air bag 12 is made of elastic rubber materials, and the air bag can automatically recover after being pressed; sliding cavities are formed in the two arm rods 4, and the air bag 12 is communicated with the two sliding cavities through two air pipes 11; the gas in the air bag 12 can enter the sliding cavity through the air pipe 11; a push rod 9 is movably arranged in the sliding cavity, and the push rod 9 can move left and right along the sliding cavity; one end of the push rod 9 is connected with a piston 10, the piston 10 is connected with the inner wall of the sliding cavity in a sliding manner, and the piston 10 can play a sealing role; a stop table 41 for limiting the piston 10 is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding cavity, and when the piston 10 moves to the stop table 41, the piston is stopped and cannot move forward any more, so that a positioning effect is achieved; the other end of the push rod 9 can be directly connected with a fixed rod 15, the arm rod 4 is provided with a sliding groove (not shown), the sliding groove is formed along the length direction of the sliding cavity and communicated with the sliding cavity, the other end of the fixed rod 15 freely penetrates through the sliding groove to be connected with the collecting bag 7, and the fixed rod 15 can move left and right along the sliding cavity to further drive the collecting bag 7 to move left and right.

Each forceps head 1 is also connected with an arc-shaped shell 2; the two shells 2 are symmetrically arranged; after the two cutters 3 are folded to cut off the stamens, the two shells 2 are oppositely folded to form a cylindrical structure, so that the cut stamens can be prevented from falling off from the forceps head 1, the stamens cannot accurately fall into the collecting bag 7, and the effects of protection and guiding are achieved.

The end of the fixed rod 15 is provided with a hook 6, the collecting bag 7 can be detachably hung on the hook 6, and the hook 6 is convenient for the collecting bag 7 to be hung and detached. The collecting bag 7 may be made of a flexible material.

The embodiment also provides a using method of the potato stamen collector, and the potato stamen collector comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the collecting bag 7 is hung on the fixing rod 15, the forceps main body is held by hands, and the thumb and the forefinger are respectively placed on the anti-skidding pads 5 of the two arm rods 4, so that the air bag 12 at the rear end is just positioned in the hand center;

step two: the thumb and the forefinger exert force to close the forceps main body, and the two cutters 3 move towards the direction close to each other to cut off the stamens; in the moving process of the cutter 3, the two shells 2 are mutually closed to form a cylindrical structure, so that the cut stamens are prevented from falling off from the forceps head 1;

step four: after the stamen is cut off, the forceps main body is kept in a pinching state, the stamen is positioned in the collecting cylinder, and the air bag 12 is extruded by applying force to the palm at the moment; through the extrusion of the palm of the hand, the gas in the air bag 12 enters the sliding cavity, the push rod 9 is pushed to slide towards the forceps head 1 in the sliding cavity, the push rod 9 can drive the fixing rod 15 to move, the collecting bag 7 is further driven to slide forwards, the collecting bag 7 is positioned below the forceps head 1, at the moment, the forceps are loosened by the thumb and the forefinger, and the stamens fall into the collecting bag 7 to be collected;

step three: after the collection is finished, the palm does not exert any force any more, the air bag 12 is loosened, the push rod 9 drives the collection bag 7 to restore to the original position in the resetting process of the air bag 12, so that the collection bag 7 is positioned in the middle and at the rear of the arm rod 4, and the collection of stamens at the front end cannot be disturbed.

Therefore, the collecting bag 7 is arranged on the forceps main body of the device, so that the forceps main body with the collecting bag 7 is formed, and a container for collecting stamens does not need to be carried additionally; the forceps main body is also provided with a driving mechanism which drives the collecting bag 7 to move back and forth; in an initial state, the collecting bag 7 is arranged at the middle rear part of the arm rod 4, when the forceps are pressed, the stamens are cut off firstly, then the air bags 12 in the driving mechanism are squeezed by the palm of the hand, and the collecting bag 7 can move towards the forceps head 1 under the action of the push rod 9 so as to receive the cut stamens; when the forceps main body is loosened, the stamens fall into the collecting bag 7, then the palm is also loosened without squeezing the air bag 12, so that the collecting bag 7 can be restored to the original position, and the collecting work of the stamens at the front end is prevented from being interfered. The whole device is simple in structure, ingenious and reasonable in design, free of complex mechanical structures, capable of being operated by a single hand, capable of completing acquisition of stamens by matching of the index finger, the thumb and the palm of the hand, and very convenient and practical.

Example two

Referring to the accompanying drawings 1-6, the embodiment provides a potato stamen collector, the other structures of which are the same as those of the embodiment, and the difference is that an extension rod is movably arranged in a sliding cavity, a through cavity is formed in a push rod 9, the through cavity is connected with the extension rod in a sliding manner, and one end of the extension rod freely penetrates through the end part of the push rod 9 and extends into the sliding cavity; the other end of the extension rod is connected with a sealing plug, and the sealing plug is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the through cavity; a through stepped hole is formed in the center of the piston 10, and a shoulder is formed in the stepped hole and used for limiting the sealing plug; in this embodiment, the fixing rod 15 is connected to one end of the extension rod, and is not directly connected to the push rod 9.

Through setting up push rod 9 and extension rod, push rod 9 constitutes flexible shaft-like structure with the extension rod, can realize the large distance adjustment of collecting bag 7, the removal scope of the collection bag 7 that has enlarged, and during initial state like this, the position that collects bag 7 can set up as far as possible in being close to back end in armed lever 4 prevents to collect bag 7 and influences the pincher trees work of front end tweezers head 1, guarantees going on in order of each action.

EXAMPLE III

With continued reference to fig. 5-6, on the basis of the second embodiment, a tension spring is arranged in the stepped hole; one end of the tension spring is connected with the inner wall of the piston 10, and the other end is connected with the sealing plug. The setting of extension spring can guarantee that the extension rod can be better resets.

The embodiment also provides a using method of the potato stamen collector, and the potato stamen collector comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the collecting bag 7 is hung on the fixing rod 15, the forceps main body is held by hands, and the thumb and the forefinger are respectively placed on the anti-skidding pads 5 of the two arm rods 4, so that the air bag 12 at the rear end is just positioned in the hand center;

step two: the thumb and the forefinger exert force to close the forceps main body, and the two cutters 3 move towards the direction close to each other to cut off the stamens; in the moving process of the cutter 3, the two shells 2 are mutually closed to form a cylindrical structure, so that the cut stamens are prevented from falling off from the forceps head 1;

step three: after the stamen is cut off, the forceps main body is kept in a pinching state, the stamen is positioned in the collecting cylinder, and the air bag 12 is extruded by applying force to the palm at the moment; through the extrusion of the palm of the hand, the gas in the air bag 12 enters the sliding cavity, the push rod 9 is pushed to slide towards the forceps head 1 in the sliding cavity, meanwhile, the extension rod is also pushed to move towards the forceps head 1 along the through cavity, and at the moment, the tension spring generates elasticity; when the piston 10 moves to the stop table 41, the push rod 9 does not move any more; the extension rod can drive the fixing rod 15 to move, so that the collecting bag 7 is driven to slide forwards, the collecting bag 7 is positioned below the forceps head 1, the forceps are loosened by the thumb and the forefinger, and stamens can fall into the collecting bag 7 to be collected;

step four: after the collection is finished, the palm does not exert any force any more, the air bag 12 is loosened, the push rod 9 moves towards the direction close to the air bag 12 in the resetting process of the air bag 12, meanwhile, the extension rod also shrinks relative to the push rod 9 under the action of the tension spring, and finally the collection bag 7 is positioned in the middle and at the rear of the arm rod 4 and does not interfere the collection of the stamens at the front end.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.