阅读说明：本技术 一种预留电热通道结构的光固化4d打印方法及其打印装置 (Photocuring 4D printing method and printing device with reserved electric heating channel structure ) 是由 张航 黄舒 单铭远 盛杰 周建忠 魏洁安 周双留 徐玮 于 2020-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种预留电热通道结构的光固化4D打印方法及其打印装置,包括如下步骤：模型切分：用一组平行的平面将预留电热通道的模型切分成若干层结构；第i层结构光固化4D打印：通过光固化打印第i层结构,i≥1；打印平台翻转180°,将第i层结构翻转至电热材料挤出工位；吸出第i层结构中电热通道内残留的液态树脂；将电热材料填充在第i层结构中的电热通道内,通过光/热固化电热通道中的电热材料；循环打印：打印平台翻转180°至光固化打印位,重复循环第i+1层结构光固化4D打印步骤。本发明解决了现有技术不能对具有三维电热通道的复杂形状记忆结构进行光固化连续打印与制造的问题。(The invention provides a photocuring 4D printing method and a printing device thereof with a reserved electric heating channel structure, which comprises the following steps: model segmentation: cutting the model with the reserved electric heating channel into a plurality of layers by a group of parallel planes; the ith layer structure photocuring 4D prints: printing an ith layer structure through photocuring, wherein i is more than or equal to 1; the printing platform is turned over for 180 degrees, and the ith layer structure is turned over to an electric heating material extrusion station; sucking out the residual liquid resin in the electric heating channel in the ith layer structure; filling an electrothermal material in an electrothermal channel in the ith layer structure, and thermally curing the electrothermal material in the electrothermal channel through light/heat; and (3) cyclic printing: and (4) turning the printing platform by 180 degrees to a photocuring printing position, and repeating the (i + 1) th layer structure photocuring 4D printing step in a circulating manner. The invention solves the problem that the prior art can not carry out photocuring continuous printing and manufacturing on a complex shape memory structure with a three-dimensional electric heating channel.)

1. A photocuring 4D printing method for reserving an electric heating channel structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

model segmentation: cutting the model with the reserved electric heating channel into a plurality of layers by a group of parallel planes;

the ith layer structure photocuring 4D prints: printing an ith layer structure through photocuring, wherein i is more than or equal to 1; the printing platform is turned over for 180 degrees, and the ith layer structure is turned over to an electric heating material extrusion station; sucking out the residual liquid resin in the electric heating channel in the ith layer structure; filling an electrothermal material in an electrothermal channel in the ith layer structure, and thermally curing the electrothermal material in the electrothermal channel through light/heat;

and (3) cyclic printing: and (4) turning the printing platform by 180 degrees to a photocuring printing position, and repeating the (i + 1) th layer structure photocuring 4D printing step in a circulating manner.

2. The photocuring 4D printing method of a reserved electric heating channel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the model of the reserved electric heating channel is cut into a plurality of layers by a group of equidistant parallel planes, whether each layer contains an electric heating channel is checked, and when the ith layer does not contain an electric heating channel, the ith layer and the (i + 1/i-1) th layer are merged into a new structure.

3. The method for photo-curing 4D printing with a pre-set electrothermal channel structure according to claim 2, wherein the distance between a set of parallel planes is determined by the precision of a photo-curing printer.

4. The photo-curing 4D printing method for a reserved electric heating channel structure according to claim 1, wherein the electric heating material is photo-curing conductive adhesive or thermal curing conductive adhesive.

5. A printing device of a photocuring 4D printing method of a reserved electric heating channel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising a photocuring forming device, an electric heating material extrusion filling device (4), a residual resin cleaning device (7), an electric heating material curing device (3) and a master controller (8);

the light curing forming device comprises a photosensitive resin curing light source (9), a printing platform (11), a linear motion mechanism, a turnover mechanism and a resin groove (6); the photosensitive resin curing light source (9) is positioned at the bottom of the resin tank (6), the printing platform (11) is positioned above the resin tank (6), and the printing platform (11) is lifted and lowered through the linear motion mechanism; the printing platform (11) is provided with a turnover mechanism which is used for turning over the printing platform (11) to realize the switching between an electric heating material extrusion station and a photocuring printing station;

the electric heating material extruding and filling device (4) is used for filling electric heating materials into the electric heating channel;

the residual resin cleaning device (7) is used for sucking out residual liquid resin in the electric heating channel;

the electric heating material curing device (3) is used for curing the electric heating material in the electric heating channel;

the master controller (8) controls the photosensitive resin curing light source (9), the linear motion mechanism, the turnover mechanism, the electric heating material extruding and filling device (4), the residual resin cleaning device (7) and the electric heating material curing device (3).

6. The printing device of the photo-curing 4D printing method for the reserved electric heating channel structure is characterized in that a light beam generated by the photosensitive resin curing light source (9) irradiates the resin in the resin tank (6) from bottom to top to cure the resin on the printing platform.

7. Printing device of photocuring 4D printing method of a pre-heating channel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the residual resin cleaning device (7) comprises a suction device and a filter screen (18), a suction head (16) is installed at the inlet of the suction device, and the suction head (16) is used for being inserted into the heating channel; a filter screen (18) is arranged in the suction device, and the outlet of the suction device is communicated with the resin tank (6) and is used for recovering liquid resin in the electric heating channel.

8. The printing device of the photocuring 4D printing method of the reserved electric heating channel structure is characterized in that the electric heating material extruding and filling device (4), the electric heating material curing device (3) and the suction head (16) of the residual resin cleaning device (7) are jointly installed on a moving platform (5), and the moving platform (5) can move in three axes; and the master controller (8) controls the motion of the motion platform (5).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of 4D printing or the technical field of photocuring printing, in particular to a photocuring 4D printing method with a reserved electric heating channel structure and a printing device thereof.

Background

Since the concept of 4D printing is proposed by Tibbits of the American national institute of science and technology of Ma province in 2013, the research heat of 4D printing by the academic community is increased year by year, and the connotation of 4D printing technology is continuously enriched. In the conventional 4D printing research, the photo-curing printing has received attention from many scholars and has been studied more and more because of its high printing precision, high speed, economy and high efficiency, but these studies are basically based on the printing and forming of the thermal response shape memory material. Compared with a thermal response shape memory material, the electric response shape memory material has the advantages of good environmental adaptability, accurate regulation and control of deformation, easy realization of remote control and the like, and is closer to practical application, for example, Chinese patent discloses a double-layer polymer-based electric response shape memory material and a preparation method thereof. However, since the conductive particles inhibit photo-initiated polymerization and crosslinking reactions of the photosensitive resin, and the electrically responsive shape memory material has a conductive percolation threshold, and if the content of the conductive particles is too high, the shape memory properties of the matrix are also affected, it is difficult to print and mold the co-mixed electrically responsive shape memory material by the photo-curing technique. Of course, some scholars have proposed a method for preparing an electric heating layer embedded electric response shape memory material, namely, a shape memory substrate layer is printed first, and then an electric heating film is covered or embedded in the electric heating wire. However, the method can only construct a two-dimensional plane electric heating layer, not only limits the shape of the electric heating layer, but also limits the distribution of a heat affected zone generated after the electric heating layer is electrified, further limits the shape of the shape memory structure, and cannot meet the requirement of printing and forming with a complex electric heating shape memory structure.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a photocuring 4D printing method with a reserved electric heating channel structure and a printing device thereof, and aims to realize photocuring continuous forming and manufacturing of a complex shape memory structure with a three-dimensional electric heating channel for practical application.

The present invention achieves the above-described object by the following technical means.

A photocuring 4D printing method for reserving an electric heating channel structure comprises the following steps:

model segmentation: cutting the model with the reserved electric heating channel into a plurality of layers by a group of parallel planes;

the ith layer structure photocuring 4D prints: printing an ith layer structure through photocuring, wherein i is more than or equal to 1; the printing platform is turned over for 180 degrees, and the ith layer structure is turned over to an electric heating material extrusion station; sucking out the residual liquid resin in the electric heating channel in the ith layer structure; filling an electrothermal material in an electrothermal channel in the ith layer structure, and thermally curing the electrothermal material in the electrothermal channel through light/heat;

and (3) cyclic printing: and (4) turning the printing platform by 180 degrees to a photocuring printing position, and repeating the (i + 1) th layer structure photocuring 4D printing step in a circulating manner.

Further, the three-dimensional model with the reserved electric heating channels is divided into a plurality of layers of structures through a group of equidistant parallel planes, whether each layer of structure contains the electric heating channels is checked, and when the ith layer of structure does not contain the electric heating channels, the ith layer of structure and the (i + 1)/i-1) th layer of structure are combined into a new structure.

Further, the distance of a set of parallel planes is determined by the accuracy of the photocuring printer.

Further, the electric heating material is light-cured conductive adhesive or heat-cured conductive adhesive.

A printing device of a photocuring 4D printing method with a reserved electric heating channel structure comprises a photocuring forming device, an electric heating material extruding and filling device, a residual resin cleaning device, an electric heating material curing device and a master controller;

the light-cured forming device comprises a photosensitive resin curing light source, a printing platform, a linear motion mechanism, a turnover mechanism and a resin groove; the photosensitive resin curing light source is positioned at the bottom of the resin tank, the printing platform is positioned above the resin tank, and the printing platform is lifted and lowered through the linear motion mechanism; the printing platform is provided with a turnover mechanism for turning over the printing platform to realize the switching between an electric heating material extrusion station and a photocuring printing station;

the electric heating material extruding and filling device is used for filling electric heating materials into the electric heating channel;

the residual resin cleaning device is used for sucking out residual liquid resin in the electric heating channel;

the electric heating material curing device is used for curing the electric heating materials in the electric heating channel;

the master controller controls the photosensitive resin curing light source, the linear motion mechanism, the turnover mechanism, the electric heating material extruding and filling device, the residual resin cleaning device and the electric heating material curing device.

Further, the light beam generated by the photosensitive resin curing light source irradiates the resin in the resin tank from bottom to top, so that the resin is cured on the printing platform.

Further, the residual resin cleaning device comprises a suction device and a filter screen, wherein a suction head is arranged at the inlet of the suction device and is used for being inserted into the electric heating channel; a filter screen is arranged in the suction device, and the outlet of the suction device is communicated with the resin groove and used for recovering liquid resin in the electric heating channel.

Further, the suction heads of the electrothermal material extruding and filling device, the electrothermal material curing device and the residual resin cleaning device are jointly arranged on a motion platform, and the motion platform can move in three axes; and the master controller controls the motion of the motion platform.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the photocuring 4D printing method of the reserved electric heating channel structure, the model is cut, and the residual liquid resin in the electric heating channel in the layer is sucked out immediately after the ith layer is printed, so that compared with the method that the liquid resin is sucked out after the whole model is printed out, the residual resin is sucked out thoroughly, and the problem that the resin is remained in the dead angle of the complex electric heating channel and cannot be sucked out completely can be effectively avoided.

2. According to the photocuring 4D printing method with the reserved electrothermal channel structure, the electrothermal material is filled in the electrothermal channel in the ith layer structure, and then the electrothermal material in the electrothermal channel is subjected to photocuring/thermocuring, so that compared with the method that the electrothermal material is filled and cured in the electrothermal channel after the whole model is printed, the method has the advantage that the electrothermal material can be uniformly filled, the problem that when the electrothermal material is filled into the electrothermal channel from one end of the model, the electrothermal material is easily stressed and extruded at the corner of the electrothermal channel to cause uneven local filling is effectively avoided, and the electrothermal material is filled into the electrothermal channel after the model is printed, so that the photocuring/thermocuring of the electrothermal material is inconvenient.

3. The printing device of the photocuring 4D printing method with the reserved electric heating channel structure can be applied to practical application, and continuous photocuring forming and manufacturing of a complex shape memory structure with a three-dimensional electric heating channel are realized.

4. According to the printing device of the photocuring 4D printing method with the reserved electric heating channel structure, the sucked residual resin can be recycled, and resources are saved.

5. The printing device of the photocuring 4D printing method with the reserved electrothermal channel structure realizes the turnover of the printing platform through the turnover mechanism, thereby realizing the switching between photocuring printing and extrusion filling of electrothermal materials and improving the manufacturing efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a photocuring 4D printing method of a reserved electric heating channel structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a model of the reserved electric heating channel of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a printing device of the photocuring 4D printing method of the reserved electrothermal channel structure.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the operation of the residual resin cleaning apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the working state of the electrothermal material extruding and filling device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the operation of the device for curing the electrocaloric material according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a linear motion mechanism; 2-a first drive motor; 3-an electric heating material curing device; 4-electric heating material extruding and filling device; 5-a motion platform; 6-resin tank; 7-residual resin cleaning means; 8-a master controller; 9-a photosensitive resin curing light source; 10-a light beam; 11-a printing platform; 12-a synchronous belt; 13-a second drive motor; 14-a slide rail; 15-fixing the plate; 16-a suction head; 17-residual resin; 18-a filter screen; 19-a photosensitive resin; 20-ith layer structure; 21-an electrocaloric material extrusion head; 22-electrothermal channel; 23-ultraviolet light beam.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the photocuring 4D printing method of the reserved electrothermal channel structure of the present invention includes the following steps:

s01: cutting the model with the reserved electric heating channel into a plurality of layers by a group of parallel equidistant planes; and checking whether each layer structure contains an electrothermal channel, and combining the ith layer structure and the (i + 1/i-1) th layer structure into a new structure layer when the ith layer structure does not contain the electrothermal channel. The distance of the equidistant planes is determined by the accuracy of the printing.

S02: pouring polyurethane acrylate based photosensitive resin 19 with shape memory effect into the resin groove 6, when the forming surface of the printing platform 11 contacts the bottom surface of the resin groove 6, starting the photosensitive resin curing light source 9, and irradiating the photosensitive resin 19 by the light beam 10 from bottom to top to finish the photocuring printing of the layer 1 structure.

S03: after the layer 1 structure is printed, the printing platform 11 is driven by the second driving motor 13 to turn 180 degrees, so that the cured layer 1 structure faces upwards, and is switched to an electric heating material extrusion position.

S04: the residual resin 17 in the layer 1 structure is cleaned by the residual resin cleaning device, so that the influence of the residual photosensitive resin 17 in the electrothermal channel 22 on the subsequent manufacturing is avoided. The sucked resin 17 is filtered by a resin screen 18 and then recovered to the resin tank 6, and the resin is recycled as shown in fig. 4.

S05: the electric heating material extrusion filling device fills the light-cured conductive silver paste in the electric heating channel 22 in the layer 1 structure, as shown in fig. 5.

S06: the electrocaloric material curing device 3 cures electrocaloric materials in electrocaloric channels of the layer 1 structure by light/heat, as shown in FIG. 6.

S07: after the layer 1 structure printing and manufacturing are finished, the printing platform 11 is turned for 180 degrees to a photocuring printing position, and then the linear motion mechanism 1 drives the printing platform 11 and the layer 1 structure to move downwards.

S08: when the surface of the 1 st layer structure contacts the bottom surface of the resin tank 6, the operation is stopped, and the photocuring printing of the second layer structure is continued.

S09: the printing manufacturing steps of S03-S08 are repeated until the printing is finished.

As shown in fig. 3, the printing apparatus of the photocuring 4D printing method with a reserved electrothermal channel structure of the present invention includes a photocuring forming apparatus, an electrothermal material extruding and filling apparatus 4, a residual resin cleaning apparatus 7, an electrothermal material curing apparatus 3 and a general controller 8;

the light-cured forming device comprises a photosensitive resin curing light source 9, a printing platform 11, a fixing plate 15, a linear motion mechanism 1, a turnover mechanism and a resin groove 6; the photosensitive resin curing light source 9 is positioned at the bottom of the resin tank 6, the printing platform 11 is positioned above the resin tank 6, and the printing platform 11 is lifted and lowered through the linear motion mechanism; the linear motion mechanism comprises a screw rod lifting device, and the first driving motor 2 is used for driving the screw rod lifting device to move. The first driving motor 2 is installed on the fixing plate 15, and drives the printing platform 11 to ascend and descend by driving the linear motion mechanism 1. The printing platform 11 is provided with a turnover mechanism for turning over the printing platform 11 to realize the switching between the electric heating material extrusion station and the photocuring printing station; in the embodiment of the invention, the second driving motor 13 drives the printing platform 11 to turn over through the transmission of the synchronous belt 12, so that the switching of the manufacturing positions is realized, and the driving motor 13 for turning over the printing platform 11 can realize the synchronous ascending and descending motion with the printing platform 11 along the sliding rail 14.

The electric heating material extruding and filling device 4 is a dispenser provided with an electric heating material extruding head 21 and used for filling electric heating materials into the electric heating channel; the residual resin cleaning device 7 is used for sucking out residual liquid resin in the electric heating channel; the electric heating material curing device 3 is an ultraviolet light emitter and is used for curing the electric heating material in the electric heating channel;

the master controller 8 controls the photosensitive resin curing light source 9, the linear motion mechanism, the turnover mechanism, the electric heating material extruding and filling device 4, the residual resin cleaning device 7 and the electric heating material curing device 3. The turnover mechanism can be a mechanical arm turnover mechanism for 180 degrees, and can also be a pneumatic turnover mechanism.

The residual resin cleaning device 7 comprises a suction device and a filter screen 18, wherein a suction head 16 is arranged at the inlet of the suction device, and the suction head 16 is used for being inserted into an electric heating channel; a filter screen 18 is arranged in the suction device, and the outlet of the suction device is communicated with the resin tank 6 and is used for recovering the liquid resin in the electric heating channel.

The electrothermal material extrusion head 21, the residual resin suction head 16 and the electrothermal material curing device 3 are fixedly installed on a moving platform 5, and the moving platform 5 can realize three-axis movement above the printing platform 11. The motion platform 5 is controlled by the master controller 8, can sequentially execute the cleaning of the residual resin 17, the motion actions of the photocuring conductive silver adhesive during extrusion filling and photocuring conductive silver adhesive curing, and adjust the motion speed and the motion track according to the operation characteristics of each action. The specific operation content of the residual resin cleaning device, the light-cured conductive silver adhesive extrusion filling device and the light-cured conductive silver adhesive curing device is controlled by the sub-controllers of the corresponding devices to act, and the controller of the residual resin cleaning device controls the starting, stopping and sucking-out speed of the power device when the residual resin is cleaned; when the photocuring conductive silver adhesive is extruded and filled, a controller of the electric heating material extrusion filling device controls the start and stop of the device, and the extrusion rate and the extrusion mode of the photocuring conductive silver adhesive; when the light-cured conductive silver adhesive is cured, the controller of the electric heating material curing device controls the starting and stopping of the ultraviolet light emitter and the intensity of the ultraviolet light. The controllers of the respective devices are collectively controlled by a general controller 8. The rest of the unexplained structure is the same as the prior art.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.