阅读说明：本技术 一种棉织物柔软处理的方法及磷酸水溶液的用途 (Softening treatment method for cotton fabric and application of phosphoric acid aqueous solution ) 是由 张辉 钱海洪 隋晓锋 于 2020-11-04 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种棉织物柔软处理的方法及磷酸水溶液的用途；所述棉织物柔软处理的方法包括1)采用浓度为70～80wt％的磷酸水溶液对棉织物进行浸渍处理；2)水洗至中性；3)烘干。本申请中采用适当浓度的磷酸水溶液处理棉织物,采用的磷酸水溶液无毒无害,成本低,处理工艺流程短,但是柔软处理的效果却与丝光预处理相差无几,处理后的纤维结构也没有受到破坏,棉纤维的结晶度略有下降,无定形区增大,有利于后续棉织物的整理加工。(The invention provides a method for softening cotton fabrics and application of phosphoric acid aqueous solution; the method for softening the cotton fabric comprises the following steps of 1) carrying out dipping treatment on the cotton fabric by adopting a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 70-80 wt%; 2) washing with water to neutrality; 3) and (5) drying. The phosphoric acid aqueous solution with appropriate concentration is adopted to treat the cotton fabric in the application, the adopted phosphoric acid aqueous solution is non-toxic and harmless, the cost is low, the treatment process flow is short, but the difference between the soft treatment effect and the mercerization pretreatment is almost zero, the treated fiber structure is not damaged, the crystallinity of cotton fiber is slightly reduced, the amorphous area is increased, and the subsequent finishing processing of the cotton fabric is facilitated.)

1. A method for softening cotton fabrics comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out dipping treatment on the cotton fabric by adopting a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 70-80 wt%;

2) washing with water to neutrality;

3) and (5) drying.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1: (45-55).

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the time for the dipping treatment in the step 1) is 10 to 15 min.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature for drying in step 3) is 80-85 ℃.

5. Use of an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid as a softening agent in the softening treatment of cotton fabrics.

6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is a phosphoric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 70 to 80 wt%.

7. The use according to claim 5, wherein the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the aqueous phosphoric acid solution is 1: (45-55).

8. Use according to claim 5, wherein the softening treatment comprises dipping, washing and drying.

9. Use according to claim 8, wherein the time of the impregnation treatment is 10 to 15 min.

10. Use according to claim 8, wherein the temperature of the drying is 80-85 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of fabric softening finishing, in particular to a method for softening cotton fabrics.

Background

Due to the improvement of living standard, the wearing comfort of the textile is more and more emphasized by people, and the soft touch feeling of the fiber fabric can be given through soft finishing so as to improve the wearing comfort of the textile. The main component of the cotton fiber is cellulose, the cellulose molecular chain has high rigidity, hydrogen bonds among the molecular chains are more, and the crystallinity is higher, so that the resilience of the fiber is poor, which is one of the factors influencing the softness of the cotton fabric. In addition, the cotton fabric is subjected to pretreatment processing such as scouring and bleaching, grease wax is removed, and the hand feeling of the cotton fabric is rough. Softness is one aspect of the quality requirements of textiles, and soft finishing processes can be divided into mechanical soft finishing and chemical soft finishing.

The most commonly used softening treatments are those using softeners (surfactants, high-molecular polymer emulsions), in addition to ultrasonic finishes, bio-enzyme finishes, protein softening finishes, and the like. Before the cotton fabric is subjected to softening treatment, if pretreatment is performed firstly, the subsequent softening treatment can obtain better effect.

The soft pretreatment means commonly used at present comprises mercerization pretreatment, ultrasonic pretreatment and the like. After mercerizing with sodium hydroxide solution or liquid ammonia solution and concentrated caustic soda, cotton fibers are changed in a mixed morphological structure of a supermolecular structure, so that good luster is obtained, and the dimensional stability and dyeing performance are improved to a certain extent; the liquid ammonia has small molecules, fast permeation, even treatment effect, soft hand feeling and higher wrinkle resistance. The cotton fabric is treated by the concentrated caustic soda, the using amount of the alkali is large, and the influence factors of the process conditions are more. Although the liquid ammonia pretreatment can improve the softness of cotton fabrics, the liquid ammonia needs to be carried out under ultralow temperature conditions due to the low boiling point (-33.4 ℃), and has certain dangers.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for softening a cotton fabric and the use of an aqueous solution of phosphoric acid to solve the problems of the prior art.

To achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention includes the following technical solutions.

The invention provides a cotton fabric softening treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

1) carrying out dipping treatment on the cotton fabric by adopting a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 70-80 wt%;

2) washing with water to neutrality;

3) and (5) drying.

According to the method, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1: (45-55).

According to the method, in the step 1), the time of the dipping treatment is 10-15 min.

According to the method, in the step 3), the drying temperature is 80-85 ℃.

The invention also discloses the use of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution as a softening agent in the softening treatment of cotton fabrics

According to the use, the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 70-80 wt% of phosphoric acid aqueous solution.

According to the application, when cotton fabric is subjected to softening treatment, the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1: (45-55).

According to the application, the softening treatment comprises soaking, washing and drying.

According to the application, the time of the dipping treatment is 10-15 min.

According to the use described above, the water is washed to neutrality.

According to the application, the drying temperature is 80-85 ℃.

The beneficial effect of this application technical scheme does:

the phosphoric acid aqueous solution with appropriate concentration is adopted to treat the cotton fabric in the application, the adopted phosphoric acid aqueous solution is non-toxic and harmless, the cost is low, the treatment process flow is short, but the difference between the soft treatment effect and the mercerization pretreatment is almost zero, the treated fiber structure is not damaged, the crystallinity of cotton fiber is slightly reduced, the amorphous area is increased, and the subsequent finishing processing of the cotton fabric is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of cotton fabric without softening treatment

FIG. 2 is a scanning electron micrograph of the cotton fabric after the softening treatment obtained in example 1,

FIG. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of the softening treated cotton fabric obtained in example 2

FIG. 4 shows IR spectra of cotton fabric without softening treatment, cotton fabric obtained after softening treatment in example 1 and cotton fabric obtained after softening treatment in example 2

FIG. 5 is XRD patterns of cotton fabric without softening treatment, cotton fabric obtained after softening treatment in example 1 and cotton fabric after softening treatment in example 2

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

It is to be understood that the processing equipment or apparatus not specifically identified in the following examples is conventional in the art.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention does not exclude that other method steps may also be present before or after the combined steps or that other method steps may also be inserted between these explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise indicated; it is also to be understood that a combined connection between one or more devices/apparatus as referred to in the present application does not exclude that further devices/apparatus may be present before or after the combined device/apparatus or that further devices/apparatus may be interposed between two devices/apparatus explicitly referred to, unless otherwise indicated. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of the various method steps is merely a convenient tool for identifying the various method steps, and is not intended to limit the order in which the method steps are arranged or the scope of the invention in which the invention may be practiced, and changes or modifications in the relative relationship may be made without substantially changing the technical content.

Example 1

The method for softening the cotton fabric in the embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) solution preparation: a commercially available phosphoric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 85 wt% and having a mass of M was added to water, and the mixture was stirred while adding the phosphoric acid aqueous solution to obtain a phosphoric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 75 wt%. Volume of water required to prepare the solution: h₂O(mL)＝85M/75-M；

2) Dipping treatment: wetting cotton fabric, and soaking the cotton fabric in 75 wt% phosphoric acid water solution for 10 min; the fabric is completely immersed in the solution, and can be stirred for several times in the immersion process to ensure that the fabric is contacted more fully, wherein the treatment temperature is 30 ℃; wherein the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the 75 wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1: 50.

3) Washing with water: and after the impregnation is finished, taking out the fabric, soaking the fabric for 5min in water, then washing the fabric until the surface of the fabric is neutral, and testing by using a pH test paper.

4) Drying: putting the washed fabric into an oven for drying; the temperature is 80 deg.C, and the time is 15 min.

Example 2

The cotton fabric softening pretreatment method in the embodiment comprises the following steps:

1) solution preparation: a commercially available phosphoric acid solution with a concentration of 85 wt% and a mass of M was added to water, and the mixture was stirred while adding the solution to obtain a phosphoric acid solution with a concentration of 75 wt%. Volume of water required to prepare the solution: h₂O(mL)＝85M/75-M

2) Dipping treatment: wetting cotton fabric, and soaking the cotton fabric in 75 wt% phosphoric acid water solution for 10 min; the fabric is completely immersed in the solution, the fabric can be stirred for several times during the immersion process to ensure that the fabric is contacted more fully, the treatment temperature is 0 ℃, and the mass ratio of the fabric to the solution is 1: 50.

3) Washing with water: and after the impregnation is finished, taking out the fabric, soaking the fabric for 5min in water, then washing the fabric until the surface of the fabric is neutral, and testing by using a pH test paper.

4) Drying: and (4) putting the washed fabric into an oven for drying. The temperature is 80 deg.C, and the time is 15 min.

Example 3

1) Solution preparation: a commercially available phosphoric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 85 wt% and having a mass of M was added to water, and the mixture was stirred while adding the phosphoric acid aqueous solution to obtain a phosphoric acid aqueous solution having a concentration of 75 wt%. Volume of water required to prepare the solution: h₂O(mL)＝85M/75-M

2) Dipping treatment: wetting a cotton fabric, and then soaking the cotton fabric in 75 wt% phosphoric acid water solution for 15min, completely soaking the fabric in the solution, wherein the fabric can be stirred for several times in the soaking process to be more fully contacted, and the treatment temperature is 30 ℃; wherein the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the 75 wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1: 50.

3) Washing with water: and after the impregnation is finished, taking out the fabric, soaking the fabric for 5min in water, then washing the fabric until the surface of the fabric is neutral, and testing by using a pH test paper.

4) Drying: and (4) putting the washed fabric into an oven for drying. The temperature is 80 deg.C, and the time is 15 min.

It can be seen from the comparison of the IR spectra in FIG. 4 that the samples still retain the cellulose structure after treatment with the phosphoric acid solution, which is consistent with the samples before treatment, indicating that phosphoric acid only acts as a surface on the fabric.

From the comparison of the XRD patterns of fig. 5, it can be seen that the XRD patterns indicate that the crystal structure of the sample is not changed and the crystallinity is hardly decreased after the treatment with the phosphoric acid solution, indicating that the fiber is not damaged.

Because the phosphoric acid concentration is lower than 70 percent, the cellulose can be swelled, the phosphoric acid concentration is in the range of 70-81 percent, the cellulose is quickly swelled, and the phosphoric acid concentration is in the range of 81-85 percent and 92-97 percent, and the cellulose is dissolved. Therefore, the swelling degree of the cellulose is good when the concentration of the phosphoric acid is 70-80%, so that the concentration of 70-80% is selected for preprocessing the cotton fabric to obtain softer hand feeling. Experiments show that the treatment effect of 75% concentration is better.

Example 4

1) Solution preparation: adding a commercially available phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the mass M of 85 wt% into water, stirring while adding, and uniformly mixing to obtain a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 70 wt%. Volume of water required to prepare the solution: H2O (mL) 85M/75-M

2) Dipping treatment: wetting a cotton fabric, and then soaking the cotton fabric in 70 wt% phosphoric acid water solution for 15min, completely soaking the fabric in the solution, wherein the fabric can be stirred for several times in the soaking process to be more fully contacted, and the treatment temperature is 30 ℃; wherein the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the 70 wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1: 50.

3) Washing with water: and after the impregnation is finished, taking out the fabric, soaking the fabric for 5min in water, then washing the fabric until the surface of the fabric is neutral, and testing by using a pH test paper.

4) Drying: and (4) putting the washed fabric into an oven for drying. The temperature is 80 deg.C, and the time is 15 min.

Example 5

1) Solution preparation: adding a commercially available phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the mass M of 85 wt% into water, stirring while adding, and uniformly mixing to obtain a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 80 wt%. Volume of water required to prepare the solution: h₂O(mL)＝85M/75-M

2) Dipping treatment: wetting a cotton fabric, and then soaking the cotton fabric in 80 wt% phosphoric acid water solution for 15min, completely soaking the fabric in the solution, wherein the fabric can be stirred for several times in the soaking process to be more fully contacted, and the treatment temperature is 30 ℃; wherein the mass ratio of the cotton fabric to the 80 wt% phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 1: 50.

3) Washing with water: and after the impregnation is finished, taking out the fabric, soaking the fabric for 5min in water, then washing the fabric until the surface of the fabric is neutral, and testing by using a pH test paper.

4) Drying: and (4) putting the washed fabric into an oven for drying. The temperature is 80 deg.C, and the time is 15 min.

Comparative example 1

The comparative example 1 is the mercerization pretreatment of cotton fabric.

The process conditions are as follows: the sodium hydroxide concentration was 150g/L and the temperature was room temperature.

The experimental steps are as follows: fixing the bleached pure cotton fabric by using a mercerizing clamp, putting the mercerizing clamp into alkali liquor, keeping the room temperature for 5min, and washing twice by using hot water (80-90 ℃) while keeping the tension for 5min each time. Taking off the fabric from the mercerizing clip, washing with cold water, neutralizing with sulfuric acid at a bath ratio of 1:20 for 5min, washing with water again until the fabric is neutral, and drying at 80 deg.C for 15 min.

The samples obtained in example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4 and example 5 and cotton fabrics which were not treated with aqueous phosphoric acid and mercerized cotton fabrics in comparative example 1 were tested for hand using a Fabry machine (PHOBAROMETER MODEL 3), and the results are shown in the following table.

And (3) testing results:

generally, the drapability of a fabric is related to the stiffness and flexibility, the drape coefficient is often used to characterize the softness of the fabric, the lower the drape coefficient, the better the softness of the fabric. The fabric with high bending rigidity has good toughness and relatively stiff hand feeling, and conversely, the fabric has low bending rigidity and relatively soft hand feeling. The effects are as follows: the softness of the fabric subjected to the softening pretreatment is increased, and the comprehensive drape coefficient and bending rigidity value have good effect under the treatment conditions that the concentration of phosphoric acid is 75%, the temperature is 30 ℃ and the time is 10 min.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.