阅读说明：本技术 非渗透性的含聚硅氧烷的无规共聚物及其制备方法和应用 (Non-permeable random copolymer containing polysiloxane, preparation method and application thereof ) 是由 林雅铃 谭杏银 梁嘉琪 叶琪 侯萌 何诗琦 张德强 钟伟强 张安强 于 2020-11-24 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于杀菌材料技术领域,公开了非渗透性的含聚硅氧烷的无规共聚物及其制备方法和应用。具有式(Ⅰ)结构的含聚硅氧烷的无规共聚物：式(Ⅰ)；其中,x的取值为0-250,y的取值为40-350；*表示取代的位置。相对于现有市售的小分子季铵盐杀菌剂,本发明所提出的具有式(Ⅰ)结构的含聚硅氧烷的无规共聚物具有更大的分子量,由于其分子体积巨大,难以渗透通过皮肤表皮,且可在皮肤表面有效吸附,尤其适合作为表皮长效杀菌剂使用。(The invention belongs to the technical field of sterilization materials, and discloses an impermeable random copolymer containing polysiloxane, a preparation method and an application thereof. A polysiloxane-containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (i): formula (I); wherein, the value of x is 0-250, and the value of y is 40-350; indicates the position of the substitution. Compared with the existing commercial small molecular quaternary ammonium salt bactericide, the polysiloxane-containing random copolymer with the structure of formula (I) has larger molecular weight, and is difficult to permeate through skin due to large molecular volumeThe epidermis can be effectively adsorbed on the surface of the skin, and is particularly suitable for being used as a long-acting bactericide of the epidermis.)

1. A polysiloxane-containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (i):

wherein, the value of x is 0-250, and the value of y is 40-350;

indicates the position of the substitution.

2. The polysiloxane-containing random copolymer according to claim 1, wherein x is 0 to 200 and y is 50 to 300.

3. The polysiloxane-containing random copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the substituted position is hydrogen, alkyl, hydrocarbyl or aryl.

4. The polysiloxane-containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (I) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the molecular weight of the polysiloxane-containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (I) is 5000-40000.

5. The method for preparing a polysiloxane-containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (i) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

(1) synthesis of vinyl-containing Poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer:

under the protection of inert gas, mixing a siloxane ring material containing vinyl and a siloxane ring material containing no vinyl in a solvent, then adding an initiator for reaction, then adding a terminator, stirring for reaction, and separating to obtain a poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer containing vinyl;

(2) synthesis of random copolymer containing polysiloxane:

mixing the vinyl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer synthesized in the step (1), a catalyst, cysteamine hydrochloride and a solvent, stirring, reacting under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, and separating to obtain the polysiloxane-containing random copolymer with the structure of the formula (I).

6. The process according to claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the vinyl group-containing siloxane ring material is at least one selected from the group consisting of trimethyltrivinylcyclotrisiloxane, tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane and pentamethylpentavinylcyclopentasiloxane; in the step (1), the siloxane ring material without vinyl is at least one of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane or octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.

7. The production method as claimed in claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the weight average molecular weight of the vinyl group-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer is 5000-10000; the vinyl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer has a molecular weight distribution index of 1.2 to 1.5.

8. The production method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (1), the initiator is an anionic polymerization initiator; in the step (1), the terminator is chlorosilane containing vinyl.

9. A fungicidal composition comprising the polysiloxane-containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (I) according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

10. Use of the polysiloxane containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (i) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of a fungicide.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of sterilization materials, and particularly relates to an impermeable random copolymer containing polysiloxane, a preparation method and an application thereof.

Background

Antibacterial agents are chemical substances having an inhibitory or killing effect on microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, molds, etc.), which can inhibit the growth, reproduction and survival of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, etc. for a certain period of time. Antibacterial agents are increasingly used in the fields of clothing, sanitary goods, daily necessities, food packaging, and the like to prevent contamination and invasion of microorganisms such as bacteria.

People inevitably contact various harmful microorganisms in daily life, so that the disinfection of the skin surface is particularly necessary. However, small-molecule quaternary ammonium salts have strong permeability to skin, and have certain toxicity to human bodies if penetrating through skin epidermal barriers and entering human body internal circulation, so that potential risks are increased. The macromolecule with higher molecular weight is difficult to generate transdermal effect due to the larger structure, but the macromolecule with higher molecular weight in the prior art has weaker sterilization performance and poorer adsorption performance on the skin surface, so that the sterilization effect is further weakened.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide an impermeable macromolecular bactericide which is safe without permeating skin, has good bactericidal properties and good adsorbability on the skin surface.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides the non-permeable random copolymer containing polysiloxane and the preparation method and the application thereof, the random copolymer containing polysiloxane contains primary amine hydrochloride groups, has no permeability to skin, has good bactericidal effect, is a very safe bactericidal agent, has good adsorbability on the surface of the skin, and can further improve the bactericidal effect.

In a first aspect of the invention, an impermeable random polysiloxane containing copolymer is provided.

Specifically, an impermeable random polysiloxane-containing copolymer having the structure of formula (I):

wherein, the value of x is 0-250, and the value of y is 40-350;

indicates the position of the substitution.

Preferably, the value of x is 0-200, and the value of y is 50-300; further preferably, the value of x is 50-150, and the value of y is 80-260; more preferably, the value of x is 50-120, and the value of y is 80-240.

Preferably, the substituted position may be hydrogen, alkyl, hydrocarbyl or aryl.

Further preferably, the alkyl group is C₁-C₈For example selected from methyl, ethyl or propyl.

Preferably, the impermeable polysiloxane-containing random copolymer having the structure of formula (I) has a molecular weight of 5000-40000; further preferred molecular weight is 10000-30000.

In a first aspect of the invention, a method of making an impermeable random polysiloxane containing copolymer is provided.

Specifically, a method for preparing an impermeable random polysiloxane-containing copolymer, comprising the steps of:

(1) synthesis of vinyl-containing Poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer:

under the protection of inert gas, mixing a siloxane ring material containing vinyl and a siloxane ring material containing no vinyl in a solvent, then adding an initiator for reaction, then adding a terminator for stirring reaction, and separating to obtain a poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer containing vinyl, wherein the poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer is marked as PVDMS;

(2) synthesis of random copolymer containing polysiloxane:

mixing the vinyl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer (PVDMS) synthesized in the step (1), a catalyst, cysteamine hydrochloride (AH) and a solvent, stirring, reacting under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation, and separating to obtain the polysiloxane-containing random copolymer (marked as PVDMS-g-AH).

Preferably, in step (1), the inert gas is nitrogen or argon.

Preferably, in step (1), the solvent is tetrahydrofuran.

Preferably, in step (1), the vinyl-containing siloxane ring material is selected from trimethyltrivinylcyclotrisiloxane (labeled D)₃ ^v) Tetramethyltetravinylcyclotetrasiloxane (labeled as D)₄ ^v) Or pentamethylpentavinylcyclopentasiloxane (labeled D)₅ ^v) At least one of (1).

Preferably, in step (1), the non-vinyl-containing siloxane ring material is selected from hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (labeled as D)₃) Or octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (labeled D)₄) Or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (labeled as D)₅) At least one of (1).

Preferably, in step (1), the molar ratio of vinyl-containing siloxane ring material to non-vinyl-containing siloxane ring material is (0.5-15): (1-10). Further preferably, in step (1), the molar ratio of vinyl-containing siloxane ring material to non-vinyl-containing siloxane ring material is (1-10): (1-10).

Preferably, in step (1), the initiator is an anionic polymerization initiator; further preferably, the initiator is n-butyllithium (n-BuLi). The initiator functions as a ring-opening polymerization.

The amount of the initiator to be added is adjusted depending on the molecular weight of the polysiloxane-containing random copolymer as the final product to be obtained.

Preferably, in the step (1), the reaction temperature after the initiator is added is below 1 ℃, and the reaction time is 8-20 hours; further preferably, the reaction temperature is 0 ℃ or lower and the reaction time is 10 to 14 hours.

Preferably, in the step (1), the terminating agent is chlorosilane containing vinyl; further preferably, the terminating agent is dimethylvinylchlorosilane (THF) or methylphenylvinylchlorosilane. The terminator functions as a terminator for polymerization and introduces a vinyl group at the end of a polymer chain.

Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the terminating agent to the vinyl-containing siloxane ring material is 1 (30-50).

Preferably, in the step (1), the stirring reaction time is 0.5-2 hours; further preferably 1 to 1.5 hours.

Preferably, in the step (1), the separation process is implemented by rotary evaporation at the temperature of 120-130 ℃ and filtration, and the filtrate is taken.

Preferably, in the step (1), the weight average molecular weight of the vinyl group-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer is 5000-10000; further preferred weight average molecular weight is 6000-8000.

Preferably, in the step (1), the vinyl group-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer has a molecular weight distribution index (molecular weight distribution index ═ number average molecular weight/weight average molecular weight) of 1.2 to 1.5; further preferred molecular weight distribution index is 1.2 to 1.3.

Preferably, in step (2), the vinyl-containing polyThe mass ratio of the (dimethyl siloxane-methyl vinyl siloxane) random copolymer (PVDMS), the catalyst and the cysteamine hydrochloride (AH) is 1: (0.01-0.025): (0.588-1.26); molar ratio [ AH ]]/[-NH₂]1.0-1.2/1. The amount of cysteamine hydrochloride added is generally calculated according to the vinyl content in PDMS-b-PVMS.

Preferably, in step (2), the catalyst is 2, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA).

Preferably, in step (2), the solvent is an alcohol; methanol or ethanol is more preferable.

Preferably, in the step (2), the wavelength of the ultraviolet light is 300-400 nm; further preferably 350-370 nm.

Preferably, in the step (2), the specific process of the separation is as follows: and (3) carrying out rotary evaporation on the mixture obtained after the reaction under the ultraviolet irradiation condition at the temperature of 120-130 ℃, removing most of the solvent, adding a large amount of diethyl ether, precipitating a product, and drying to obtain the product, namely the polysiloxane random copolymer containing the primary amine hydrochloride group.

The random copolymer containing polysiloxane prepared in the step (2) is a random copolymer of polysiloxane containing primary amine hydrochloride groups.

2, 2-Dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) is a mercapto group (-SH) and a vinyl group (-CH ═ CH)₂) Catalysts for click addition. Cysteamine hydrochloride (AH) is also known as: 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride, the purpose of which is to react with the vinyl (-CH ═ CH) groups of polysiloxanes via the mercapto groups in the molecule₂) And click addition is carried out on the side group, and a primary amine hydrochloride group with bacteriostatic activity is introduced.

Preferably, the synthetic route of the non-permeable polysiloxane-containing random copolymer is (hv represents ultraviolet light):

another aspect of the invention provides the use of an impermeable random polysiloxane containing copolymer.

A germicidal composition comprising the aforementioned non-permeable polysiloxane-containing random copolymer.

The use of the aforementioned non-permeable polysiloxane containing random copolymers for the preparation of fungicides.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

compared with the existing commercial micromolecular quaternary ammonium salt bactericide, the PVDMS-g-AH provided by the invention has larger molecular weight, is difficult to permeate through the skin epidermis due to huge molecular volume, can be effectively adsorbed on the skin surface, and is particularly suitable for being used as an epidermis long-acting bactericide.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an FTIR (Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy) spectrum of a random copolymer containing polysiloxane obtained in example 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention.

The starting materials, reagents or apparatuses used in the following examples are conventionally commercially available or can be obtained by conventionally known methods, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1: preparation of impermeable random copolymers containing polysiloxanes

A process for preparing an impermeable random polysiloxane containing copolymer comprising the steps of:

the synthetic route is as follows:

(1) synthesis of vinyl-containing Poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer:

20g of trimethyltrivinylcyclotrisiloxane (labeled D) are introduced under nitrogen in an eggplant-shaped reaction flask₃ ^v) With 20g of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (labeled D)₃) In 40g of tetrahydrofuranMixing, adding 4mL of n-butyllithium (n-BuLi), reacting at 0 ℃ for 12 hours, then adding 1.3g of dimethylvinylchlorosilane, stirring for reacting for 1 hour, and separating, wherein the separation process is rotary evaporation at 130 ℃ and filtering to obtain a vinyl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer marked as PVDMS; the number average molecular weight (M) of the PVDMS, in which the units containing methylvinylsiloxane and dimethylsiloxane are each 50% (molar content), is determined, with the product being designated PVDMS-50%_n) Weight average molecular weight (M)_w) And molecular weight distribution index (M)_w/M_n) Respectively as follows: 5300. 6600 and 1.24;

(2) synthesis of random copolymer containing polysiloxane:

mixing the vinyl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer synthesized in the step (1), 2-dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), cysteamine hydrochloride (AH) (vinyl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer, 2-dimethylolpropionic acid and cysteamine hydrochloride (AH) in a mass ratio of 1: 0.025: 1) with methanol, stirring in a quartz reaction flask, reacting for 1 hour under the irradiation of 365nm ultraviolet light, and separating: performing rotary evaporation on the mixture obtained after reaction under the ultraviolet irradiation condition at 130 ℃, removing most of methanol, adding a large amount of diethyl ether, separating out a product, and drying to obtain a product, namely the random copolymer containing polysiloxane (marked as PVDMS-g-AH); the molar content of vinyl units in PVDMS-g-AH is about 50%, the AH is randomly distributed on the PVDMS side groups, and the molecular weight of the PVDMS main chain is about 5000.

The characterization of the NMR spectrum of the random copolymer containing polysiloxane obtained in example 1 is as follows:¹H-NMR(600MHz,D₂O,ppm)δ:3.26(s,2H,SiCH₂CH₂SCH₂CH₂),2.93(s,2H,SiCH₂CH₂SCH₂),2.72(s,2H,SiCH₂CH₂),1.01(s,2H,SiCH₂),0.07-0.20(m,3H,SiCH₃)。

FIG. 1 is an FTIR (Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy) spectrum of a random copolymer containing polysiloxane obtained in example 1Graph (wave number on abscissa); as can be seen from the figure, at a wave number of 3415cm^-1(corresponding to the NH group), 2968cm^-1，1603cm^-1(corresponding to the NH group), 1265cm^-1，1112cm^-1，1031cm^-1，798cm^-1Has stronger absorption.

Example 2: preparation of impermeable random copolymers containing polysiloxanes

Compared to example 1, example 2 differs only in that: trimethyltrivinylcyclotrisiloxane (labeled D) in step (1)₃ ^v) In an amount of 21g, hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (labeled D)₃) The dosage of the compound is 9g, and the other preparation processes are the same; marking the vinyl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane-methylvinylsiloxane) random copolymer prepared in the step (1) as PVDMS; the number average molecular weight (M) of the product, marked as PVDMS-70%, was determined as the number average molecular weight of the product (M) and the methyl vinyl siloxane and dimethylsiloxane containing units in the PVDMS were 70% (molar content) and 30% (molar content), respectively_n) Weight average molecular weight (M)_w) And molecular weight distribution index (M)_w/M_n) Respectively as follows: 4900. 6200 and 1.27; the random copolymer containing polysiloxane prepared in the step (2) (marked as PVDMS-g-AH); the content of vinyl units in PVDMS-g-AH is about 70%, AH is randomly distributed on the PVDMS side groups, and the molecular weight of the PVDMS main chain is about 5000.

Product effectiveness testing

Characterization of bacteriostatic properties

Taking dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (benzalkonium chloride, BC) as a reference, respectively selecting escherichia coli (E.coli) and staphylococcus albus (S.albus) as representatives of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria, and candida albicans (C.albicans) as representatives of fungi. The products synthesized in the examples were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on the three bacteria/fungi mentioned above.

The bacteriostatic experiment is briefly described as follows:

bacterial or fungal suspensions cultured in culture medium and diluted to 10⁵CFU/mL, then 100. mu.L of the bacterial or fungal suspension and 100. mu.L of a quaternary ammonium salt solution at various concentrations were mixed and transferred to a 96-well plate. Using cultureThe base was substituted for the quaternary ammonium salt solution as a control. Then, the 96-well plate was incubated at 28 ℃ (fungi) or 37 ℃ (bacteria) for an appropriate number of days, and then 10 μ L of 2,3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) solution with a mass concentration of 5% was added to each well of the 96-well plate, and incubated at an appropriate temperature for 2h in the dark. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value is the lowest concentration at which no visible bacterial or fungal growth occurs, i.e. the concentration that is not stained red by TTC. Then 100 μ L of the mixture in 96-well plates at or above MIC values was transferred to culture medium for 48 hours. The Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) or Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value is the lowest concentration at which less than 5 colonies formation is observed, and the results are shown in table 1.

Table 1: bacteriostatic effect of random copolymers containing polysiloxanes

As can be seen from table 1, the random copolymer containing polysiloxane prepared in examples 1-2 of the present invention has certain bacteriostatic effect on escherichia coli (e.coli), staphylococcus albus (s.albus) and candida albicans (c.albicans).