阅读说明：本技术 一种电池包用泄压防爆通道 (Pressure relief explosion-proof channel for battery pack ) 是由 张立磊 常洪波 李明明 谭业超 刘云奇 时晓彤 于 2020-12-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种电池包用泄压防爆通道,包括内箱、外箱和防冲击过滤结构,在内箱中设置多个电池单体或者电池包,所述内箱和外箱连接,所述内箱和外箱连通,所述防冲击过滤结构设在外箱中,所述防冲击过滤结构包括多个防冲击过滤板,多个所述防冲击过滤板之间间隔设置,所述防冲击过滤板上开设有多个过滤孔。有益效果：本申请将集防冲击和过滤阻火的结构设置在外箱内,有效利用空间布局,大大减小泄压防爆通道的整体体积,通过第二空间上防爆阀的侧面排出泄压,实现了在不影响单体电池顶部泄压的最佳效果的同时,还能减少现有单体电池顶部连接过滤阻火结构的体积,从而解决新能源乘用车安装火灾抑制装置的空间不足问题。(The invention discloses a pressure-relief explosion-proof channel for a battery pack, which comprises an inner box, an outer box and an impact-proof filtering structure, wherein a plurality of battery monomers or battery packs are arranged in the inner box, the inner box is connected with the outer box, the inner box is communicated with the outer box, the impact-proof filtering structure is arranged in the outer box, the impact-proof filtering structure comprises a plurality of impact-proof filtering plates, the impact-proof filtering plates are arranged at intervals, and a plurality of filtering holes are formed in the impact-proof filtering plates. Has the advantages that: this application will collect the structure setting of protecting against shock and filtering the back-fire relief in the outer container, effectively utilize spatial layout, reduce the whole volume of the explosion-proof passageway of pressure release greatly, through the side discharge pressure release of explosion-proof valve in the second space, realized when not influencing the best effect of single cell top pressure release, can also reduce the volume that filters the back-fire relief structure is connected at current single cell top to solve the not enough problem in space of new forms of energy passenger car installation conflagration suppression device.)

1. The utility model provides a battery package is with explosion-proof passageway of pressure release which characterized in that: including inner box, outer container and protecting against shock filtration, set up a plurality of battery monomer or battery package in the inner box, inner box and outer container are connected, inner box and outer container intercommunication form pressure release passageway, protecting against shock filtration establishes in the outer box, protecting against shock filtration includes a plurality of protecting against shock filters, and is a plurality of the interval sets up between the protecting against shock filter, a plurality of filtration pores have been seted up on the protecting against shock filter.

2. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery pack is provided with an exhaust pipe and a one-way valve, the one-way valve is arranged on the exhaust pipe, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the battery pack, the other end of the exhaust pipe extends into the outer box, the inner box and the outer box are communicated through the exhaust pipe, and the flow direction of the one-way valve is that the battery pack is wrapped on the outer box.

3. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outer container comprises a first space and a second space, the first space is arranged at the top of the battery pack, the second space is arranged on one or more sides of the battery pack, and the first space is communicated with the second space.

4. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the first space, the impact-resistant filter plate is obliquely arranged; in the second space, the impact-resistant filter plate is arranged obliquely.

5. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 4, wherein: in the first space, the vertical projection area of the single anti-impact filter plate at the bottom of the first box body covers and is larger than the area of an exhaust pipe on the battery pack.

6. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the first space, the impact-proof filter plate is at least connected with the bottom of the first box body and the top of the first box body; in the second space, the impact-resistant filter plate is connected with at least two opposite second box side faces.

7. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first space completely covers the top of the battery pack, and the second space completely covers the side of the battery pack.

8. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: and an anti-explosion valve is arranged on the opposite side of the second space, which is in contact with the battery pack, and the pressure relief of the battery pack is discharged from the exhaust pipe into the first space and then discharged through the anti-explosion valve of the second space.

9. The battery pack pressure relief explosion-proof channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in first space, the blast pipe has a plurality ofly, the check valve has a plurality ofly, the blast pipe with the quantity of check valve is the same, and a row of blast pipe is constituteed side by side to a plurality of blast pipes, is equipped with multiseriate blast pipe on the battery package, all is provided with the protecting against shock filter in the both sides of every row of blast pipe.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fire suppression of battery packs, in particular to a pressure relief explosion-proof channel for a battery pack.

Background

The prior technical proposal is that a filtering device of an exhaust pipe filters flue gas by adopting a neutralizing agent or an adsorbent (such as a coarse particle separating layer, an activated carbon layer, a potassium permanganate layer, an activated alumina layer and a particle filter layer). When the battery capacity is small and the thermal runaway reaction is mild, the mode can play a role in filtering, but the mode has the limitation that when a large-capacity battery core is out of control thermally, especially a ternary battery generates a large amount of smoke and burns violently, the pressure of the discharged smoke is very high, the filtering mode of a neutralizer or an adsorbent can generate a serious barrier effect on the discharge of the smoke, so that the filtering device is damaged by overlarge pressure and even a power battery pack bursts, and the burnt solid particles are sprayed out of the bursting position and ignite the discharged combustible gas, so that a fire hazard spreads rapidly.

The prior technical scheme is that a fire retardant structure is arranged outside the battery box, a plurality of fire retardant plates are arranged in the fire retardant structure and are arranged on two opposite sides of the inner wall of the shell to form an opening with the inner wall of the fire retardant shell, and the maximum aperture of the opening is between 0.07mm and 0.5 mm. However, such a fire retardant structure is too bulky, which is not conducive to reasonable layout on new energy vehicles, and especially for passenger vehicles, there is not enough space at all to install.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a pressure relief explosion-proof channel for a battery pack, the pressure relief explosion-proof channel is characterized in that a structure integrating impact resistance and filtering fire resistance is arranged in an outer box, the overall volume of the pressure relief explosion-proof channel is greatly reduced by effectively utilizing the spatial layout through the design of a first space and a second space of the outer box, the pressure relief is discharged through the side face of an explosion-proof valve on the second space, the optimal effect of pressure relief at the top of a single battery is not influenced, the volume of the filtering fire resistance structure connected to the top of the single battery can be reduced, and the problem of insufficient space for installing a fire suppression device on a new energy passenger vehicle is solved; when the battery thermal runaway pressure release, the impact force direct action has alleviated and has strikeed with outer container upper cover directness in protecting against shock filtration. The risk that the box body is damaged and then catches fire is avoided, and the safety of passengers is effectively protected.

The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical measures: the utility model provides an explosion-proof passageway of pressure release for battery package, includes inner box, outer container and protecting against shock filtration, sets up a plurality of battery monomer or battery package in the inner box, inner box and outer container are connected, inner box and outer container intercommunication form the pressure release passageway, protecting against shock filtration establishes in the outer box, protecting against shock filtration includes a plurality of protecting against shock filters, and is a plurality of the interval sets up between the protecting against shock filter, a plurality of filtration pores have been seted up on the protecting against shock filter.

Further, be equipped with blast pipe and check valve on the battery package, the check valve is established on the blast pipe, the one end and the battery package of blast pipe are connected, the other end of blast pipe extends into in the outer box, inner box and outer box pass through the blast pipe intercommunication, the flow direction of check valve is battery package to the outer box.

Further, the outer box comprises a first space and a second space, the first space is arranged at the top of the battery pack, the second space is arranged on one or more sides of the battery pack, and the first space is communicated with the second space.

Further, in the first space, the impact-resistant filter plate is obliquely arranged; in the second space, the impact-resistant filter plate is arranged obliquely.

Further, in the first space, the vertical projection area of the single anti-impact filter plate at the bottom of the first space covers and is larger than the area of the exhaust pipe on the battery pack.

Further, in the first space, the impact-proof filter plate is connected with at least the bottom of the first space and the top of the first space; in the second space, the impact-resistant filter plate is connected at least to two opposite second space sides.

Further, the first space completely covers the top of the battery pack, and the second space completely covers the side of the battery pack.

And further, an anti-explosion valve is arranged on the opposite side of the second space, which is in contact with the battery pack, and the pressure relief of the battery pack is discharged from the exhaust pipe into the first space and then discharged through the anti-explosion valve of the second space.

Further, in first space, the blast pipe has a plurality ofly, the check valve has a plurality ofly, the blast pipe with the quantity of check valve is the same, and a row of blast pipe is constituteed side by side to a plurality of blast pipes, is equipped with multiseriate blast pipe on the battery package, all is provided with the protecting against shock filter in the both sides of every row of blast pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the purpose of this application is that the high-pressure gas who produces when guaranteeing battery thermal runaway at first does not destroy the battery box, secondly filters solid particulate matters such as spark to arouse the conflagration easily and shelters from in the outer container, prevents that spark blowout from igniting combustible gas, causes secondary fire. According to the anti-impact and filtering fire-retardant structure, the structure integrating impact resistance and filtering fire retardance is arranged in the outer box, through the design of the first space and the second space of the outer box, the spatial layout is effectively utilized, the overall size of a pressure-relief explosion-proof channel is greatly reduced, the pressure relief is discharged through the side face of the explosion-proof valve in the second space, the best effect that the pressure relief at the top of the single battery is not influenced is realized, the size of the filtering fire-retardant structure connected to the top of the existing single battery can be reduced, and therefore the problem that the space for installing the fire suppression device on a new-energy passenger vehicle is insufficient is solved; when the battery thermal runaway pressure release, the impact force direct action has alleviated and has strikeed with outer container upper cover directness in protecting against shock filtration. The risk that the box body is damaged and then catches fire is avoided, and the safety of passengers is effectively protected.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of connection of the unit cell to the exhaust pipe.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single row of exhaust ducts and a single impact filter plate.

The battery pack comprises an inner box 1, an outer box 2, a single battery 3, an anti-impact filtering structure 4, an anti-impact filtering plate 5, a filtering hole 6, a first space 7, a second space 8, an anti-explosion valve 9, an exhaust pipe 10, a check valve 11, a first space bottom 12, a first space top 13, a battery pack top 14, a battery pack side 15, a vertical projection area 16, a second space side 17 and a pressure relief valve port 18.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a pressure relief explosion-proof channel for a battery pack comprises an inner box 1, an outer box 2 and an impact-proof filtering structure 4, wherein a plurality of single batteries 3 are arranged in the inner box 1, and certainly, 1 or more battery packs (1 battery pack is composed of a plurality of single batteries 3) can also be arranged in the inner box 1. Inner box 1 and outer container 2 are connected, inner box 1 and 2 intercommunications of outer container, protecting against shock filtration 4 is established in outer container 2, protecting against shock filtration 4 includes a plurality of protecting against shock filters 5, and is a plurality of the interval sets up between the protecting against shock filter 5, a plurality of filtration pores 6 have been seted up on the protecting against shock filter 5. The filter holes 6 may be circular holes, slot-shaped holes, etc. The outer box 2 is required to reach the IP67 protection grade, and the design of the outer box 2 is in accordance with the national or industrial standard of box pressure bearing when the battery pack is out of control due to thermal runaway. The shock-proof filter 5's project organization can block the high-pressure gas's that the thermal runaway produced impact force, and filtration pore 6 can keep apart the solid particle thing spark of burning to the thermal runaway jettison, makes its energy consume totally in the outer container 2 that is provided with a plurality of shock-proof filters 5, and the explosion-proof valve 9 through on the outer container 2 at last is in time released pressure, makes outer container 2 not have the spark blowout outward, avoids the emergence of secondary fire. The aperture of filtering hole 6 can set up to not equidimension, for further optimization filter effect, can set up filtering hole 6 aperture of 1 top surface intermediate position of inner box into bigger aperture, sets up filtering hole 6 aperture that extends to both sides with 1 top surface intermediate position of inner box into less aperture, and more toward both sides border, filtering hole 6 aperture is littleer. Thus, sequential stage-by-stage filtration can be formed. The purpose of this application is that the high-pressure gas who produces when guaranteeing battery thermal runaway at first does not destroy the battery box, secondly filters solid particulate matters such as mars to arousing the conflagration easily and shelters from in outer container 2, prevents that mars blowout from igniting combustible gas, causes secondary fire. This application will collect the structure setting of protecting against shock and filtering the back-fire relief in outer container 2, first space 7 through outer container 2 and the design in second space 8, effectively utilize the spatial layout, the whole volume of the explosion-proof passageway of pressure release reduces greatly, through the side discharge pressure release of explosion-proof valve 9 on the second space 8, realized not influencing on the best effect of 3 top pressure releases of monomer battery, can also reduce the volume of filtering the back-fire relief structure is connected at 3 tops of current monomer battery, thereby solve the not enough problem in space of new forms of energy passenger car installation conflagration suppression device.

The battery pack is provided with an exhaust pipe 10 and a one-way valve 11, the one-way valve 11 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 10, and the specific one-way valve 11 can be arranged in the middle of the exhaust pipe 10 or at the air outlet end of the exhaust pipe 10. One end of the exhaust pipe 10 is connected with a pressure relief valve port 18 on the single battery 3 in the battery pack, the other end of the exhaust pipe 10 extends into the outer box 2, the inner box 1 is communicated with the outer box 2 through the exhaust pipe 10, and the flow direction of the check valve 11 is from the single battery 3 to the outer box 2. Each single battery 3 is provided with a pressure relief valve port 18, the exhaust pipe 10 is connected with the pressure relief valve port 18, and the connection part of the exhaust pipe 10 and the pressure relief valve port 18 needs to be fixed in a sealing manner. When the single battery 3 in the battery pack is out of control due to heat, the generated high-pressure gas passes through the pressure relief valve port 18, the exhaust pipe 10 and the first space 7. When a certain single battery 3 is subjected to thermal runaway and pressure relief, gas can be smoothly sprayed out from the pressure relief valve port 18 and enters the first space 7 through the check valve 11. The check valve 11 prevents the impact of the ejected gas on other unit cells 3 and also prevents sparks or flames from entering the cell through the exhaust pipe 10.

The outer box 2 includes a first space 7 and a second space 8, the first space 7 is provided at the top 14 of the battery pack, the second space 8 is provided on one or more sides of the battery pack, and the first space 7 and the second space 8 are communicated. When the second space 8 has a plurality of sides, it may be two adjacent sides, or two opposite sides, or 3 sides (adjacent or not), or 4 sides. When the second space 8 is provided on a plurality of sides, a corresponding explosion-proof valve 9 is provided on each side.

The impact-resistant filter plates 5 are arranged at intervals in the first space 7 and the impact-resistant filter plates 5 are arranged at intervals in the second space 8.

In the first space 7, the impact-resistant filter plate 5 is obliquely arranged; in the second space 8, the impact-resistant filter plate 5 is arranged obliquely. The inclined arrangement is the other arrangement excluding the arrangement of the impact-resistant filter plate 5 perpendicular or parallel to the bottom surface of the first space 7. The purpose of the inclined arrangement is to allow the impact-resistant filter plate 5 to block and filter the high-pressure gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 10.

In the first space 7, the vertical projection area 16 of the single impact-proof filter plate 5 on the bottom 12 of the first space 7 covers a larger area than the area of the row of exhaust pipes 10 on the battery pack. It can be ensured that the high-pressure gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 10 can be completely filtered by the single impact-resistant filter plate 5.

In the first space 7, the impact-resistant filter plate 5 is connected to at least the bottom 12 and the top 13 of the first space 7; in the second space 8, the impact-resistant filter plate 5 is connected to at least two opposite second space sides 17. The anti-impact filter plate 5 can increase the compressive strength of the outer box 2 through the connection design of at least two surfaces and the outer box 2, and the outer box 2 is protected from being damaged to the greatest extent.

The first space 7 completely covers the top 14 of the battery pack and the second space 8 completely covers the sides 15 of the battery pack. The complete covering of the top 14 of the battery pack ensures that each exhaust pipe on the battery pack can smoothly and unimpededly exhaust high-pressure gas in the first space 7, namely, each exhaust pipe on the battery pack can smoothly and unimpededly exhaust high-pressure gas in the first space 7. The second space 8 is communicated with the first space 7, and when the second space 8 completely covers the side face 15 of the battery pack, the second space 8 and the first space 7 are designed to have the same width, so that high-pressure gas in the first space 7 can smoothly enter the second space 8 without obstruction.

An explosion-proof valve 9 is arranged on the opposite side of the second space 8 contacting with the battery pack, and a plurality of explosion-proof valves 9 can be arranged. The pressure relief of the single battery 3 is discharged from the exhaust pipe 10 into the first space 7 and then discharged through the explosion-proof valve 9 of the second space 8. The explosion-proof valve 9 maintains the pressure balance inside and outside the outer case 2. The design of the explosion-proof valve 9 is waterproof and breathable, and the pressure can be released in time when thermal runaway occurs, so that smooth discharge of smoke is ensured. Compared with the common safety valve, the explosion-proof valve 9 has the advantage that the metal net structure in the explosion-proof valve is removed. Inside network structure of ordinary relief valve is blockked up by the particulate matter of explosion easily, is unfavorable for gas outgoing, explosion-proof valve 9's advantage in this application: is not easy to be blocked by explosive particles, and is more beneficial to gas discharge.

In first space 7, blast pipe 10 has a plurality ofly, check valve 11 has a plurality ofly, blast pipe 10 with check valve 11's quantity is the same, and a plurality of blast pipes 10 constitute a row of blast pipe 10 side by side, is equipped with multiseriate blast pipe 10 on the battery package, all is provided with protecting against shock filter 5 in the both sides of every row of blast pipe. In the first space 7, the vertical projection area 16 of the single impact-proof filter plate 5 at the bottom 12 of the first space is larger than the area of a row of exhaust pipes 10 on the battery pack, so that it is ensured that high-pressure gas discharged by the row of exhaust pipes 10 can be filtered by the single impact-proof filter plate 5, and the filtering effect of the impact-proof filter plate 5 and the blocking effect of the impact force of the high-pressure gas are improved.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.