阅读说明：本技术 一种大型构件的装夹装置及其装夹方法 (Clamping device and clamping method for large component ) 是由 黄顺舟 张秋华 陈裕梁 焦新生 孔袁莉 赵维刚 李群 于 2020-11-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种大型构件的装夹装置与装夹方法,所述装夹方法采用的装夹装置主要包括：推动气缸、定位销轴、增高底座和滑移平台。所述装夹方法主要包括以下步骤：S1、用行车将大型构件正面吊装至装夹工位,放在滑移平台上；S2、用X向推动气缸将零件推动至与定位销轴接触；S3、用Y向推动气缸将零件推动至与定位销轴接触；S4、将大型构件用行车吊起来,在滑移机架上安装V字安装架；S5、行车将大型构件反面放下与V字安装架贴合；S6、用X向推动气缸1推动滑移机架至延长靠板与定位销轴接触；S7、用Y向推动气缸推动零件至与定位销轴接触。本发明提供的大型构件的装夹装置与装夹方法简单实用,具有较高的精度和效率,满足正反面装夹要求。(The invention provides a clamping device and a clamping method for a large-scale component, wherein the clamping device adopted by the clamping method mainly comprises the following steps: promote cylinder, locating pin axle, increase base and slide platform. The clamping method mainly comprises the following steps: s1, hoisting the front surface of the large member to a clamping station by a crane, and placing the large member on a sliding platform; s2, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using an X-direction pushing cylinder; s3, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using a Y-direction pushing cylinder; s4, hoisting the large-scale component by a traveling crane, and installing a V-shaped mounting rack on the sliding rack; s5, putting down the reverse side of the large member by the crane to be attached to the V-shaped mounting rack; s6, pushing the sliding rack to the extending backup plate to contact with the positioning pin shaft by using the X-direction pushing cylinder 1; and S7, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using the Y-direction pushing cylinder. The clamping device and the clamping method for the large-scale component are simple and practical, have higher precision and efficiency, and meet the requirements of front and back clamping.)

1. The utility model provides a clamping device of large-scale component which characterized in that mainly includes: the device comprises a pushing cylinder, a positioning pin shaft, a heightening base and a sliding platform;

the sliding platform comprises a sliding rack, a sliding platform box, a large-diameter universal ball, an extension backup plate and a V-shaped mounting rack; a large-diameter universal ball is arranged below the sliding rack and can move in the X direction in the sliding platform box; the extension backup plate is a plate on one side of the sliding rack along the X direction, and the V-shaped mounting rack is mounted on the sliding rack and used for positioning when parts are reversely mounted;

the positioning pin shaft is used for positioning the final position of a part, the heightening base is arranged below the pushing cylinder, so that the output shaft of the pushing cylinder is propped against the sliding rack, and the pushing cylinder is contacted with the two positioning pin shafts to be output at a preset position.

2. The clamping device for the large-scale component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pushing cylinder is a cylinder with a large cylinder diameter.

3. The clamping device for the large-scale component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the area of the sliding rack is larger than that of the sliding platform box, so that processing waste can be effectively prevented from entering the sliding platform and damaging the large-diameter universal ball to influence the sliding effect.

4. The clamping device for the large-scale component as claimed in claim 1, wherein a workpiece can be placed above the sliding rack.

5. The clamping device for large members as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ball diameter of said ball-and-socket joint isCan effectively meet the bearing requirement.

6. The clamping device for the large-scale component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sliding platform box is filled with grease, so that the friction force of the universal ball can be effectively reduced.

7. The clamping device for the large-scale component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension backup plate is arranged at the tail end of the sliding frame and used for positioning during reverse clamping.

8. The clamping device for the large-scale component as claimed in claim 1, wherein the angle of the V-shaped mounting frame is consistent with the angle of the back face of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be positioned in the Y direction.

9. The clamping method of the clamping device for the large-scale component as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, hoisting the front surface of the large member to a clamping station by a crane, and placing the large member on a sliding platform;

s2, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using an X-direction pushing cylinder;

s3, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using a Y-direction pushing cylinder;

s4, hoisting the large-scale component by a traveling crane, and installing a V-shaped mounting rack on the sliding rack;

s5, putting down the reverse side of the large member by the crane to be attached to the V-shaped mounting rack;

s6, pushing the sliding rack to an extension backup plate to contact with a positioning pin shaft by using an X-direction pushing cylinder;

and S7, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using the Y-direction pushing cylinder.

10. The method for clamping a large-sized member by using a clamping device according to claim 9, wherein in step S2, the two pushing cylinders in the X direction are driven to push the workpiece in the X direction until the workpiece contacts with both of the positioning pins and then stops.

11. The method for clamping the large-sized member clamping device according to claim 9, wherein in step S3, the two pushing cylinders in the Y direction are driven to push the workpiece in the Y direction until the workpiece contacts with both of the positioning pins and then stops.

12. The method for clamping a large-sized member by using a clamping device according to claim 9, wherein in step S5, the workpiece is turned upside down and then slowly lowered by using a traveling crane, so that the back surface of the workpiece is attached to the V-shaped mounting frame.

13. The method for clamping the large-scale component clamping device according to claim 9, wherein in step S6, the two pushing cylinders in the X direction are driven to push the sliding support to move in the sliding platform box until the two extending backup plates are both in contact with the positioning pin.

14. The method for clamping the large-sized component clamping device according to claim 9, wherein in step S7, the Y-direction pushing cylinder is driven to push the workpiece to move along the Y-direction until the workpiece contacts the positioning pin and stops.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of automatic processing of parts, in particular to a clamping device and a clamping method for a large-scale member.

Background

The large-scale component is generally lifted by a crane and is lifted to a proper station and then put down, but the clamping and positioning of the subsequent large-scale component are always a difficult problem in the machining industry. Due to the fact that the weight of the part is large, the part is difficult to move in the clamping process, and the positioning precision cannot be guaranteed in the clamping process. The large-scale component needs to be turned over to process the other side after one side is processed, and the front and the back of a part are different, so that the clamping device has higher requirements, the clamping device is suitable for different contact surfaces of the front and the back, and the subsequent adjustment is convenient. The traditional clamping device and the clamping method are time-consuming and labor-consuming, have low precision, and can not meet the increasing processing requirements gradually.

The publication 201510073664.5 discloses a part clamping device, which utilizes a clamp box with an inner wall having a gradually-closed horn mouth, and uses a plurality of clamp blocks to clamp parts inside, only one oil cylinder is needed to push, thus greatly saving the cost; the publication 201510359374.7 discloses a free state imitation clamping method for a bowl-shaped thin-wall annular part, which uses a stud with a spherical top end and a pressing plate with a pressing surface as an arc surface, so that the stress of the part is only the compressive stress of a stress point in the material of the part, and the deformation is avoided; the publication 201610630977.0 discloses a thin-walled part clamping device and a thin-walled part clamping method, in which a stepping pushing cylinder 1 is used to drive a strut to move to a proper height, and the suction force of a vacuum pump and the flow area of an air inlet valve are controlled, so that the suction force of a suction cup on each strut to a thin-walled part is adjusted to a proper value.

The published literature reports mention some clamping devices and clamping methods, which utilize a clamp box gradually closing in a bell mouth shape, avoid part deformation through a stud with a spherical top end and a pressing plate with a cambered pressing surface, and control the suction force of a vacuum pump and the flow area of an air inlet valve to adjust the suction force of a sucker. However, the clamping method aiming at the large-sized component in the market is few at present, the clamping device and the clamping method are simple in steps and high in clamping precision, and can effectively clamp the front surface and the back surface of the large-sized component, so that the clamping device and the clamping method are applied to the clamping process of the large-sized component.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a clamping device and a clamping method for a large-sized component, and aims to solve the problems that the large-sized component is difficult to clamp and position, low in clamping precision, low in clamping turnover positioning efficiency and the like at present.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the clamping device for the large-scale component mainly comprises: the device comprises a pushing cylinder, a positioning pin shaft, a heightening base and a sliding platform; the sliding platform comprises a sliding rack, a sliding platform box, a large-diameter universal ball, an extension backup plate and a V-shaped mounting rack; a large-diameter universal ball is arranged below the sliding rack and can move in the X direction in the sliding platform box; the extension backup plate is a plate on one side of the sliding rack along the X direction, and the V-shaped mounting rack is mounted on the sliding rack and used for positioning when parts are reversely mounted; the positioning pin shaft is used for positioning the final position of a part, the heightening base is arranged below the pushing cylinder, so that the output shaft of the pushing cylinder is propped against the sliding rack, and the pushing cylinder is contacted with the two positioning pin shafts to be output at a preset position.

Further, the pushing cylinder is a cylinder with a large cylinder diameter.

Further, the positioning pin is used for positioning the final position of the part.

Further, the heightening base is used for heightening the pushing cylinder, so that the pushing cylinder can output at a preset position.

Furthermore, the area of the sliding rack is larger than that of the sliding platform box, so that processing waste can be effectively prevented from entering the sliding platform, the large-diameter universal ball is damaged, and the sliding effect is influenced.

Furthermore, a universal ball is arranged below the sliding rack, and a workpiece is placed above the sliding rack.

Furthermore, the sliding platform box is a place where the sliding rack moves, so that the working table surface can be effectively prevented from being crushed, and friction can be reduced during movement.

Further, the ball diameter of the universal ball isAnd the bearing requirement can be effectively met.

Furthermore, the sliding platform box is filled with grease, so that the friction force of the universal ball 3-5 can be effectively reduced.

Furthermore, the extension backup plate is arranged at the tail end of the sliding rack and used for positioning when clamping is carried out on the reverse side.

Furthermore, the angle of the V-shaped mounting frame is consistent with that of the back face of the workpiece, and the workpiece can be positioned in the Y direction.

Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a clamping method for the clamping device for the large-sized member, which mainly includes the following steps:

s1, hoisting the front surface of the large member to a clamping station by a crane, and placing the large member on a sliding platform;

s2, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using an X-direction pushing cylinder;

s3, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using a Y-direction pushing cylinder;

s4, hoisting the large member by a traveling crane, and installing a V-shaped mounting rack on the sliding rack;

s5, putting down the reverse side of the large member by the crane to be attached to the V-shaped mounting rack;

s6, pushing the sliding rack to an extension backup plate to contact with a positioning pin shaft by using an X-direction pushing cylinder;

and S7, pushing the part to be in contact with the positioning pin shaft by using the Y-direction pushing cylinder.

Further, in step S1, the large component is lifted by the crane to the sliding platform and placed on the sliding platform.

Further, in step S2, the two pushing cylinders in the X direction are driven to push the workpiece along the X direction until the workpiece contacts with both of the two positioning pins and then stops.

Further, in step S3, the two pushing cylinders in the Y direction are driven to push the workpiece along the Y direction until the workpiece contacts both of the two positioning pins and then stops.

Further, in step S4, the workpiece is lifted by the traveling crane, the V-mount is mounted on the slide bracket, and the distance between the V-mounts is adjusted.

Further, in step S5, after the workpiece is turned over, the workpiece is slowly lowered by a traveling crane, so that the back of the workpiece is attached to the V-shaped mounting rack.

Further, in the step S6, the two pushing cylinders 1 in the X direction are driven to push the sliding support to move in the sliding platform box until the two extending backup plates are both in contact with the positioning pin.

Further, in step S7, the Y-direction pushing cylinder 1 is driven to push the workpiece to move along the Y-direction until the workpiece contacts the positioning pin and then stops.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the clamping device of the large-scale component is provided with a sliding platform with a universal ball, so that the friction force can be effectively reduced, the large-scale component can be conveniently pushed to a positioning pin/block, and the effective positioning is completed;

2. the clamping device and the clamping method for the large-sized component meet the requirement that both the front side and the back side of the component can be clamped, and are simple and practical.

The clamping device and the clamping method for the large-scale component can be applied to the clamping process of various large-scale components so as to meet the requirements of automatic processing, welding, polishing, deburring and the like of the parts.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sliding platform provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distribution of positions of a forward grinding locating pin shaft of a large component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of the positions of the forward grinding pushing cylinders of the large component according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of the positions of the pushing cylinders for reverse polishing of the large component according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the distribution of the positions of the reverse grinding locating pin shafts of the large-scale component according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The clamping device and the clamping method for large components according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and that highly precise ratios are employed for convenience and clarity only to aid in the description of the embodiments of the invention.

The sliding platform in the specific embodiment of the invention is shown in figure 1, and the sliding platform 3 mainly comprises a sliding rack 3-2, a sliding platform box 3-4, a large-diameter universal ball 3-5, an extension backup plate 3-1 and a V-shaped mounting rack 3-3. A large-diameter universal ball 3-5 is arranged below the sliding rack 3-2 and can move in the X direction in the sliding platform box 3-4. The extended backup plate 3-1 is a plate on one side of the sliding frame 3-2 along the X direction, and is used for positioning when the parts are reversely installed.

The arrangement of the pushing cylinder 1 and the positioning pin 4 for forward clamping and positioning of the large component is shown in fig. 2 and 3. When a large component is clamped and positioned in the forward direction, the contact surface of the bottom surface is flat, so that the part can be directly hoisted to the sliding rack 3-2 of the two sliding platforms 3 by a traveling crane, the two pushing cylinders 1 are heightened by the heightening base 2 to enable the output shafts of the pushing cylinders 1 to be propped against one groove at the bottom of the part, the pushing cylinders 1 move the part and the sliding rack 3-2 together along the X direction, when the sliding rack 3-2 moves to one end of the sliding platform box 3-4 and cannot move, the part can move on the sliding rack 3-2 at the moment until the bottom of the part is contacted with the two positioning pin shafts 4, and the X direction positioning is completed. Then two output shafts of the two pushing cylinders 1 with the heightening bases 2 are propped against two bottom corners of the side surface, the part is pushed to move along the Y direction until the other end of the part is completely contacted with the two positioning pin shafts 4, and Y-direction positioning is completed.

The arrangement of the pushing cylinder 1 and the positioning pin shaft 4 for reversely clamping and positioning the large-scale component is shown in fig. 4 and 5. When the reverse clamping is carried out, the contact surface of the part is in a V shape, so that the V-shaped mounting frame 3-3 needs to be mounted on the sliding rack 3-2, then the part is put down by a traveling crane, the back surface of the part is attached to the V-shaped mounting frame 3-3, and the central line of the whole part and the central lines of the two sliding platforms 3 are in the same straight line. The heightening base 2 is arranged below the pushing cylinder 1, so that the output shaft of the pushing cylinder 1 is propped against the sliding rack 3-2. The pushing cylinder 1 pushes the sliding rack 3-2 to move along the X direction in the sliding platform box 3-4 until the two extending backup plates 3-1 at the other end are respectively contacted with the two positioning pin shafts 4, and the X direction positioning is completed. Then a pushing cylinder 1 with a heightening base 2 at one end of the Y direction pushes the part to move along the Y direction until the part is contacted with a positioning pin shaft 4 of the Y direction, and then Y direction positioning is completed.

The clamping device and the clamping method for the large-sized component are proved to be effective and reliable through multiple on-site clamping and positioning tests.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.