阅读说明：本技术 一种节能传动结构以及在偏转角度调节的应用 (Energy-saving transmission structure and application thereof in deflection angle adjustment ) 是由 刘光宇 毛兴鹏 朱佳琳 朱凌 于 2020-11-02 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种节能传动结构以及在偏转角度调节的应用。本发明包括电机Ⅰ、联轴器Ⅰ、支架、大齿轮轴、棘轮、大齿轮、电机Ⅱ、联轴器Ⅱ、小齿轮轴、小齿轮、丝杆支座、自锁杆、丝杆螺母座、丝杆。根据传动结构中子结构的功能不同,可将传动结构划分为减速齿轮系结构、棘轮自锁结构两个子结构。本发明可应用于水下滑翔机和飞行器的机翼,机翼通过联轴器与该节能传动机构进行连接,节能传动结构通过电机对两侧机翼的偏转角度进行同步精确控制,通过该新型节能传动机构使机翼能够在滑翔不工作的情况下锁死在固定角度,使滑翔机能够在水下平稳滑翔,减少能耗。本发明在传统的传动结构的基础上,结合自锁机构,实现角度调节的同时减少能耗。(The invention discloses an energy-saving transmission structure and application thereof in deflection angle adjustment. The invention comprises a motor I, a coupling I, a bracket, a large gear shaft, a ratchet wheel, a large gear, a motor II, a coupling II, a small gear shaft, a small gear, a screw rod support, a self-locking rod, a screw rod nut seat and a screw rod. According to the function difference of the substructure in the transmission structure, the transmission structure can be divided into a reduction gear train structure and a ratchet self-locking structure. The invention can be applied to wings of underwater gliders and aircrafts, the wings are connected with the energy-saving transmission mechanism through the coupler, the energy-saving transmission mechanism synchronously and accurately controls the deflection angles of the wings on two sides through the motor, and the wings can be locked at a fixed angle under the condition of no working of gliding through the novel energy-saving transmission mechanism, so that the gliders can glide stably under water, and the energy consumption is reduced. On the basis of the traditional transmission structure, the invention combines a self-locking mechanism to realize angle adjustment and reduce energy consumption.)

1. An energy-saving transmission structure is characterized by comprising a motor I, a coupling I, a support, a large gear shaft, a ratchet wheel, a large gear, a motor II, a coupling II, a small gear shaft, a small gear, a screw rod support, a self-locking rod, a screw rod nut seat and a screw rod; according to the different functions of the substructure of the transmission structure, the transmission structure is divided into a reduction gear train substructure and a ratchet wheel self-locking substructure;

the reduction gear train substructure comprises a large gear shaft, a large gear motor II, a coupler II, a small gear shaft and a small gear; the motor II is connected with a pinion shaft through a coupler II, the pinion shaft is connected with the pinion shaft in a circumferential fixing and axial fixing mode, the pinion is meshed with a bull gear, and the bull gear is connected with the bull gear shaft in a circumferential fixing and axial fixing mode;

the ratchet self-locking mechanism comprises a motor I, a coupler I, a bracket, a ratchet, a screw rod support, a self-locking rod, a screw rod nut seat and a screw rod; the ratchet wheel is connected with the big gear shaft in a circumferential fixing and axial fixing mode, and the ratchet wheel and the big gear shaft rotate coaxially; the screw rod support fixes two ends of a screw rod on the support, the motor I is connected with one end of the screw rod through the coupler I, the screw rod nut seat and the screw rod form a screw pair, and meanwhile, the screw rod nut seat is fixedly connected with the self-locking rod and drives the self-locking rod to move through the screw pair.

2. An energy saving transmission according to claim 1, wherein the application of the deflection angle adjustment is implemented as follows:

based on a transmission structure, the self-locking mechanism is combined, so that the energy consumption is reduced while the angle adjustment is realized; the motor I outputs power under the action of a control signal, the power is transmitted to the pinion shaft through the coupler, the pinion shaft drives the gear to rotate, the pinion and the gearwheel form a gear pair to drive the gearwheel to rotate, and the purposes of reducing speed and increasing torque are achieved;

the ratchet wheel and the gear rotate coaxially, when the rotating shaft rotates to a target angle, the motor II starts to drive the screw rod to rotate under the action of a control signal, the screw rod nut seat and the self-locking rod connected with the screw rod nut seat are driven by the screw rod screw pair to move downwards until the self-locking rod is matched with the ratchet wheel in a tooth shape, the motor II stops rotating, the ratchet wheel is locked by utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the screw rod and the self-weight of the self-locking rod, the whole structure is in a locked state and cannot rotate, and the effect of adjusting the angle and keeping the deflection angle unchanged is achieved.

3. An energy saving transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that the application of the deflection angle adjustment is implemented as follows: during the locking state, the motor I and the motor II can be in a power-off state, no electric energy is consumed, and the energy-saving effect is achieved; when the transmission mechanism needs angle adjustment, the motor II can be electrified again to drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod screw pair drives the screw rod nut seat and the self-locking rod connected with the screw rod nut seat to move upwards, and when the self-locking rod is separated from the ratchet wheel, the motor II is electrified again to drive the reduction gear train to adjust the deflection angle.

4. An energy-saving transmission according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the application of the deflection angle adjustment is implemented as follows: the requirement of actual deflection angle and precision can be met by changing the number of the ratchet wheels, and when the number of the ratchet wheels is n, the minimum deflection angle is adjusted to be 180/n.

5. The energy-saving transmission structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the energy-saving transmission structure is implemented as follows when applied to the wing of an underwater glider:

wing 15 is connected with this energy-conserving drive mechanism through shaft coupling 16, and energy-conserving drive mechanism carries out synchronous accurate control through I1 of motor and II 7 of motor to the deflection angle of both sides wing 15, makes wing 15 can lock under the inoperative condition of gliding and die at fixed angle through this novel energy-conserving drive mechanism, makes the glider can steadily glide under water, reduces the energy consumption.

6. The energy-saving transmission structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the energy-saving transmission structure is implemented in an aircraft as follows:

the aircraft wing is connected with the energy-saving transmission mechanism through the coupler, the angle is adjusted through the energy-saving transmission mechanism, the change and sliding of the flying attitude in the air are realized, and the aircraft enters a low-power-consumption state under the condition that the mechanism is locked, so that the aim of reducing energy consumption is fulfilled; meanwhile, the aircraft adopts two pairs of wings to ensure the flight function of the aircraft, when the aircraft flies, one pair of wings controls the direction through the energy-saving transmission mechanism, and the other pair of wings keeps the stability of the aircraft body through the energy-saving transmission mechanism; the two pairs of wings are staggered up and down during arrangement design and are respectively controlled by the two motors, so that the two pairs of wings do not interfere with each other during working.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of power transmission structures, and particularly relates to an energy-saving transmission structure and application thereof in deflection angle adjustment.

Background

Common mechanical transmission mechanisms can be divided into friction transmission and meshing transmission according to a force transmission mode, the friction transmission can be divided into friction transmission, belt transmission and the like, and the meshing transmission can be divided into gear transmission, worm and gear transmission and the like; the transmission ratio can be divided into fixed ratio transmission and variable ratio transmission. The transmission mechanism has the functions of accelerating or decelerating, regulating speed, changing motion forms, increasing torque, transmitting power, distributing power and the like.

In part of the electromechanical systems, angular deflections are involved, and to meet the actual requirements, the transmission elements require a certain angular deflection under certain circumstances. Taking an aircraft wing as an example, in the flying process of the aircraft, the deflection angle of the wing needs to be adjusted to change the flying direction, so that the stress direction is changed to achieve the purpose of steering. Power transmission within an electromechanical system employs a transmission structure that transfers power from one part of the machine to another to move or operate the machine or machine components. The transmission structure can achieve speed control, track control and the like of output by combining various transmission modes. It is a matter of concern about how to minimize the consumption of the transmission while achieving the design objectives.

In the face of wing angle adjustment and other discontinuous transmission conditions of underwater gliders, aircrafts and the like, the purposes of power transmission and control are achieved by providing torque through an electrified motor, so that the energy consumption is improved. Under the condition of meeting the requirement of low power consumption of a system, the traditional transmission control mode cannot meet the requirement. In view of the above, it is necessary to invent an energy-saving transmission structure applied in the adjustment of the deflection angle in order to meet the requirement of low power consumption of an electromechanical system and achieve the purpose of saving energy in the adjustment of the deflection angle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses an energy-saving transmission structure aiming at the problem of energy consumption of an angle adjusting transmission mechanism. According to the function difference of the substructure in the transmission structure, the transmission structure can be divided into a reduction gear train structure and a ratchet self-locking structure.

The reduction gear train substructure comprises a large gear shaft, a large gear motor II, a coupler II, a small gear shaft and a small gear. The motor II is connected with a pinion shaft through a coupler II, the pinion shaft is connected with the pinion shaft in a circumferential fixing mode and an axial fixing mode, the pinion is meshed with a gearwheel, and the gearwheel is connected with the gearwheel shaft in a circumferential fixing mode and an axial fixing mode.

The ratchet self-locking mechanism comprises a motor I, a coupler I, a support, a ratchet, a screw rod support, a self-locking rod, a screw rod nut seat and a screw rod. The ratchet wheel is connected with the big gear shaft in a circumferential fixing mode and an axial fixing mode, and the ratchet wheel and the big gear rotate coaxially. The screw rod support fixes two ends of a screw rod on the support, the motor I is connected with one end of the screw rod through the coupler I, the screw rod nut seat and the screw rod form a screw pair, and meanwhile, the screw rod nut seat is fixedly connected with the self-locking rod and drives the self-locking rod to move through the screw pair.

The invention relates to an energy-saving transmission structure applied to deflection angle adjustment. On the basis of a traditional transmission structure, a self-locking mechanism is combined, so that the energy consumption is reduced while the angle is adjusted. The motor I outputs power under the action of a control signal, the power is transmitted to the pinion shaft through the coupler, the pinion shaft drives the gear to rotate, the pinion and the gearwheel form a gear pair to drive the gearwheel to rotate, and the purposes of reducing speed and increasing torque are achieved.

The ratchet wheel and the gear rotate coaxially, when the rotating shaft rotates to a target angle, the motor II starts to drive the screw rod to rotate under the action of a control signal, the screw rod nut seat and the self-locking rod connected with the screw rod nut seat are driven by the screw rod screw pair to move downwards until the self-locking rod is matched with the ratchet wheel in a tooth shape, the motor II stops rotating, the ratchet wheel is locked by utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the screw rod and the self-weight of the self-locking rod, the whole structure is in a locked state and cannot rotate, and the effect of adjusting the angle and keeping the deflection angle unchanged is achieved. During the locking state, the motor I and the motor II can be in a power-off state, no electric energy is consumed, and the energy-saving effect is achieved. When the mechanism needs angle adjustment, the motor II can be electrified again to drive the screw rod to rotate, the screw rod screw pair drives the screw rod nut seat and the self-locking rod connected with the screw rod nut seat to move upwards, and when the self-locking rod is separated from the ratchet wheel, the motor II is electrified again to drive the reduction gear train to adjust the deflection angle.

The requirement of actual deflection angle and precision can be met by changing the number of the ratchet wheels, and when the number of the ratchet wheels is n, the minimum deflection angle is adjusted to be 180/n. The gear train can be installed at different positions according to different application environments and requirements, other types of gears besides a straight gear can be applied to the gear train, such as a worm gear, a bevel gear and the like, the change of the deflection angle of the double wings is driven and controlled, and interference can be avoided. Meanwhile, according to the difference of deflection speed and torque, gear pairs with different reduction ratios or multi-stage reduction gear trains can be applied.

Advantageous description of the invention:

1. the invention provides an energy-saving transmission structure applied to deflection angle adjustment by adhering to an energy-saving concept and combining a transmission structure and a self-locking structure. The transmission structure and the self-locking structure work in a coordinated mode, after the deflection angle is adjusted, the self-locking structure locks the whole body, the deflection angle is fixed, the motor can stop supplying power, and the energy consumption of the system is reduced.

2. The invention has simple parts, convenient manufacture and effective structure, and can be applied to the adjustment of various deflection angles and the occasions of systems with low power consumption requirements.

3. The ratchet wheel self-locking structure is locked in a static state, so that the abrasion degree is low in the working process, and the service life is long.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an energy saving transmission configuration;

FIG. 2 is a ratchet self-lock structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the application of dual wing deflection angles;

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 1, the invention aims at the energy consumption problem of an angle adjustment transmission mechanism and provides an energy-saving transmission structure which comprises a motor I1, a coupler I2, a support 3, a large gear shaft 4, a ratchet wheel 5, a large gear 6, a motor II 7, a coupler II 8, a small gear shaft 9, a small gear 10, a screw rod support 11, a self-locking rod 12, a screw rod nut seat 13 and a screw rod 14. According to the function difference of the substructure in the transmission structure, the transmission structure can be divided into a reduction gear train structure and a ratchet self-locking structure.

The reduction gear train substructure comprises a large gear shaft 4, a large gear 6, a motor II 7, a coupling II 8, a small gear shaft 9 and a small gear 10. The motor II 7 is connected with a pinion shaft 9 through a coupler II 8, a pinion 10 is connected with the pinion shaft 9 in a circumferential fixing and axial fixing mode, the pinion 10 is meshed with a gearwheel 6, and the gearwheel 6 is connected with a gearwheel shaft 4 in a circumferential fixing and axial fixing mode.

The ratchet self-locking sub-structure comprises a motor I1, a coupler I2, a support 3, a ratchet 5, a screw rod support 11, a self-locking rod 12, a screw rod nut seat 13 and a screw rod 14. The ratchet wheel 5 is also connected with the large gear shaft 4 in a circumferential fixing and axial fixing mode, and the ratchet wheel 5 and the large gear 6 rotate coaxially. The two ends of a screw rod 14 are fixed on a support 3 through a screw rod support 11, a motor I1 is connected with one end of the screw rod 14 through a coupler I2, a screw rod nut seat 13 and the screw rod 14 form a screw pair, meanwhile, the screw rod nut seat 13 is fixedly connected with a self-locking rod 12, and the self-locking rod 12 is driven to move through the screw pair.

To make the diagram unambiguous, supplementary explanations are started below.

As shown in fig. 2, the ratchet wheel 5 and the large gear 6 rotate coaxially, when the rotating shaft rotates to a target angle, the motor i 1 starts to drive the screw rod 14 to rotate under the action of a control signal, the screw rod 14 drives the screw rod nut seat 13 and the self-locking rod 12 connected with the screw rod nut seat to move downwards until the top end of the self-locking rod 12 completely abuts against two teeth of the ratchet wheel 5, the motor i 1 stops rotating, the ratchet wheel 5 is locked by utilizing the self-locking characteristic of the screw rod 14 and the self-weight of the self-locking rod 12, so that the whole structure is in a locked state and cannot rotate, and the effect of adjusting the angle and keeping the deflection angle unchanged is achieved. During the locking state, the motor I1 and the motor II 7 can be in a power-off state, no electric energy is consumed, and the energy-saving effect is achieved. When the mechanism needs to adjust the angle, the motor I1 can be electrified again to drive the screw rod 14 to rotate, the screw rod 14 drives the screw rod nut seat 13 and the self-locking rod 12 connected with the screw rod nut seat to move upwards through the screw pair, and when the self-locking rod 12 is separated from the ratchet wheel 5, the motor II 7 is electrified again to drive the reduction gear train to adjust the deflection angle.

The ratchet wheel 5 can use ratchet wheels with different tooth numbers according to the requirements of actual deflection angles and precision, and when the tooth number of the ratchet wheel is n, the minimum deflection angle is adjusted to be 180/n.

The transmission gear train formed by the large gear 6 and the small gear 10 can use other types of gears besides straight gears, and uses, for example, worm gears, bevel gears and the like according to the actual application requirements, so that the change of the deflection angles of the double wings is driven and controlled, and the interference can be avoided. Meanwhile, according to the difference of deflection speed and torque, gear pairs with different reduction ratios or multi-stage reduction gear trains can be applied.

The application of the energy-saving transmission structure in deflection angle adjustment is specifically realized as follows:

as shown in fig. 3, this novel energy-conserving drive mechanism can be applied to the wing 15 of glider under water, and wing 15 is connected with this energy-conserving drive mechanism through shaft coupling 16, and energy-conserving drive mechanism carries out synchronous accurate control through I1 and II 7 motor to the deflection angle of both sides wing 15, makes wing 15 can lock under the inoperative condition of gliding and die at fixed angle through this novel energy-conserving drive mechanism, makes the glider can steadily glide under water, reduces the energy consumption.

The novel energy-saving transmission mechanism can also be applied to an aircraft, the wings of the aircraft are connected with the energy-saving transmission mechanism through a coupler, angle adjustment is carried out through the energy-saving transmission mechanism, the change and sliding of the flying posture in the air are realized, and the novel energy-saving transmission mechanism enters a low-power consumption state under the condition that the mechanism is locked, so that the purpose of reducing energy consumption is achieved; meanwhile, the aircraft adopts two pairs of wings to ensure the flight function of the aircraft, when the aircraft flies, one pair of wings controls the direction through the energy-saving transmission mechanism, and the other pair of wings keeps the stability of the aircraft body through the energy-saving transmission mechanism; the two pairs of wings are staggered up and down during arrangement design and are respectively controlled by the two motors, so that the two pairs of wings do not interfere with each other during working.