阅读说明：本技术 一种变速箱及农业机械 (Gearbox and agricultural machine ) 是由 陈震霖 周志 李靖 蒋艳铼 于 2020-11-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种农业机械及其变速箱,变速箱包括箱体和设置于箱体内的一轴和二轴,所述一轴和二轴平行设置；所述一轴上依次设置三联齿、四档固定齿、三档固定齿、二档固定齿和一档固定齿；所述二轴上依次设置四档双联齿、三档双联齿、二档双联齿和一档双联齿,所述四档双联齿、三档双联齿、二档双联齿和一档双联齿分别与所述四档固定齿、三档固定齿、二档固定齿和一档固定齿啮合；所述二轴的一端还设有伞齿轴,所述伞齿轴上固定设置副变速齿,所述副变速齿上设有与其啮合的副滑动齿,所述伞齿轴背离所述二轴的一端固定设置主动伞齿；所述主动伞齿背的一端还设有前驱差速器；所述箱体内还设有后驱轴,所述后驱轴的一端还设有差速器总成。(The invention provides agricultural machinery and a gearbox thereof, wherein the gearbox comprises a box body, a first shaft and a second shaft which are arranged in the box body, and the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in parallel; the first shaft is sequentially provided with a triple gear, a fourth gear fixing gear, a third gear fixing gear, a second gear fixing gear and a first gear fixing gear; the four-gear duplex teeth, the three-gear duplex teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth are sequentially arranged on the second shaft, and are respectively meshed with the four-gear fixed teeth, the three-gear fixed teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth; one end of the two shafts is also provided with a bevel gear shaft, auxiliary speed change teeth are fixedly arranged on the bevel gear shaft, auxiliary sliding teeth meshed with the auxiliary speed change teeth are arranged on the auxiliary speed change teeth, and one end of the bevel gear shaft, which is far away from the two shafts, is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear; one end of the driving bevel gear back is also provided with a front drive differential mechanism; the box body is also internally provided with a rear drive shaft, and one end of the rear drive shaft is also provided with a differential assembly.)

1. A gearbox is used for agricultural machinery and is characterized by comprising a box body, a first shaft and a second shaft, wherein the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in the box body and are arranged in parallel;

the first shaft is sequentially provided with a triple gear, a fourth gear fixing gear, a third gear fixing gear, a second gear fixing gear and a first gear fixing gear;

the four-gear duplex teeth, the three-gear duplex teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth are sequentially arranged on the second shaft, and are respectively meshed with the four-gear fixed teeth, the three-gear fixed teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth;

one end of the two shafts is also provided with a bevel gear shaft, auxiliary speed change teeth are fixedly arranged on the bevel gear shaft, auxiliary sliding teeth meshed with the auxiliary speed change teeth are arranged on the auxiliary speed change teeth, and one end of the bevel gear shaft, which is far away from the two shafts, is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear;

one end of the driving bevel gear, which is far away from the bevel gear shaft, is also provided with a front-drive differential mechanism;

and a rear drive shaft arranged in parallel with the two shafts is further arranged in the box body, and a differential assembly is further arranged at one end of the rear drive shaft.

2. The transmission of claim 1, wherein a second gear engagement tooth and a third fourth gear engagement tooth are provided on the countershaft, and the second gear engagement tooth and the third fourth gear engagement tooth are provided on either side of the second gear double tooth.

3. The transmission according to claim 2, wherein said first second-speed active teeth are further provided with a second-speed engaging sleeve which is always engaged with said first second-speed active teeth, and said second-speed engaging sleeve is slidable left and right on said second-speed active teeth.

4. The transmission according to claim 3, wherein said third and fourth gear action teeth are further provided with a third and fourth gear engaging sleeve which is always engaged with said third and fourth gear action teeth, and said third and fourth gear engaging sleeve can slide left and right on said third and fourth gear action teeth.

5. The transmission according to claim 4, wherein the forward-drive differential is further provided with a driven bevel gear, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are always in a meshed state, and the driven bevel gear drives the forward-drive differential to rotate when rotating.

6. The gearbox according to claim 5, wherein a split-combination gear sleeve is further arranged between the rear drive shaft and the differential assembly, the split-combination gear sleeve is used for connecting or separating the rear drive shaft and the differential assembly, and a rear drive flange is further arranged at one end of the rear drive shaft, which is far away from the split-combination gear sleeve.

7. The transmission of claim 6, wherein the differential assembly includes a housing, an end of the housing facing away from the rear drive shaft further having a removable rear drive end tooth, the rear drive end tooth engaging the secondary sliding tooth.

8. The gearbox according to claim 7, wherein a front drive shaft is further arranged in the box, two end driving teeth are further respectively arranged at two ends of the front drive differential, two end driven teeth meshed with the end driving teeth are respectively arranged on the front drive shaft, and when the end driving teeth rotate, the end driven teeth and the front drive shaft are driven to rotate.

9. The gearbox of claim 8, wherein a clutch shaft is further arranged at one end of the shaft, a connecting sleeve is further arranged between the clutch shaft and the shaft, and an output flange is further arranged at the other end of the shaft.

10. An agricultural machine comprising a clutch and a gearbox provided at one end of the clutch, wherein the gearbox is a gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a gearbox and agricultural machinery.

Background

In recent years, with the continuous development of economy, various agricultural machines such as tractors and the like are more and more widely applied in vast rural areas.

Gearboxes, which are important components of various vehicles, are mechanisms for changing the rotational speed and torque from an engine, which can change the transmission ratio of an output shaft and an input shaft in a fixed or stepped manner, and are also called transmissions. The traditional tractor has the transmission with single front drive, rear drive, four-wheel drive and other types, but under the condition of heavy load or poor road conditions, the linear speeds of front and rear tires are different, so that the four-wheel drive cannot be driven for a long time.

In summary, how to provide a transmission case with consistent linear speeds of front and rear tires and capable of realizing all-time four-wheel drive and synchronous four-wheel drive, and an agricultural machine comprising the transmission case, become technical problems to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the gearbox is capable of realizing full-time four-wheel drive and synchronous four-wheel drive, and the agricultural machine comprising the gearbox.

The solution of the invention is realized by the following steps: the invention provides a gearbox, which is used for agricultural machinery and comprises a box body, a first shaft and a second shaft, wherein the first shaft and the second shaft are arranged in the box body and are arranged in parallel; the first shaft is sequentially provided with a triple gear, a fourth gear fixing gear, a third gear fixing gear, a second gear fixing gear and a first gear fixing gear; the four-gear duplex teeth, the three-gear duplex teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth are sequentially arranged on the second shaft, and are respectively meshed with the four-gear fixed teeth, the three-gear fixed teeth, the two-gear duplex teeth and the one-gear duplex teeth; one end of the two shafts is also provided with a bevel gear shaft, auxiliary speed change teeth are fixedly arranged on the bevel gear shaft, auxiliary sliding teeth meshed with the auxiliary speed change teeth are arranged on the auxiliary speed change teeth, and one end of the bevel gear shaft, which is far away from the two shafts, is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear; one end of the driving bevel gear, which is far away from the bevel gear shaft, is also provided with a front-drive differential mechanism; and a rear drive shaft arranged in parallel with the two shafts is further arranged in the box body, and a differential assembly is further arranged at one end of the rear drive shaft. The gearbox of above-mentioned structure is through setting up forerunner's differential mechanism in the gearbox to and the differential is in structures such as assembly, compares with the gearbox of current structure, can realize that the front and back tire linear velocity is unanimous, and the full-time is four-wheel-driven and synchronous four-wheel-driven, and it has the advantage in the aspect of load and driving force are more powerful.

On the basis, a second gear action tooth and a third and fourth gear action tooth are further arranged on the second shaft, and the second gear action tooth and the third and fourth gear action tooth are respectively arranged on two sides of the second gear duplex tooth.

In another technical solution of the present invention, on the basis of the above, the first and second gear operating teeth are further provided with a first and second gear engaging sleeve which is always engaged with the first and second gear operating teeth, and the first and second gear engaging sleeve can slide left and right on the first and second gear operating teeth.

On the basis, the third-fourth gear action teeth are also provided with third-fourth gear engaging sleeves which are always engaged with the third-fourth gear action teeth, and the third-fourth gear engaging sleeves can slide left and right on the third-fourth gear action teeth.

In another technical scheme of the invention, on the basis, the front-wheel differential is also provided with a driven bevel gear, the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are always in a meshed state, and the driven bevel gear drives the front-wheel differential to rotate when rotating.

On the basis, a split gear sleeve is further arranged between the rear drive shaft and the differential assembly and used for connecting or separating the rear drive shaft and the differential assembly, and a rear drive flange is further arranged at one end, away from the split gear sleeve, of the rear drive shaft.

On the basis, the differential assembly comprises a shell, wherein one end of the shell, which is far away from the rear drive shaft, is also provided with a detachable rear drive tail end tooth, and the rear drive tail end tooth is meshed with the auxiliary sliding tooth.

On the basis, a front driving shaft is further arranged in the box body, two tail end driving teeth are further arranged at two ends of the front driving differential respectively, two tail end driven teeth meshed with the tail end driving teeth are arranged on the front driving shaft respectively, and when the tail end driving teeth rotate, the tail end driven teeth and the front driving shaft are driven to rotate.

On the basis, one end of the shaft is also provided with a clutch shaft, a connecting sleeve is arranged between the clutch shaft and the shaft, and the other end of the shaft is also provided with an output flange.

In another aspect, the invention further provides an agricultural machine, which includes a clutch and a gearbox disposed at one end of the clutch, wherein the gearbox is the gearbox as described above.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a transmission according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another visual internal structure of the transmission of the present invention.

The corresponding relation of the reference signs is as follows:

1 clutch shaft 2 and connecting sleeve 3 shaft

4 low-speed fixed tooth 42 pair sliding tooth of triple gear 41

43 pairs of fixed teeth 44 high-speed fixed teeth

5-fourth-gear fixed tooth 51-fourth-gear duplex tooth

6 three-gear fixed tooth 61 three-gear double tooth

7 second-gear fixed tooth 71 second-gear duplex tooth

8 first-gear fixed tooth 81 first-gear duplex tooth

9 output flange 10 biaxial 101 bearing

102 driving bevel gear 11 rear-drive flange 12 rear-drive shaft

13 first-second gear engaging sleeve 131 first-second gear action teeth

14 three-gear and four-gear engaging sleeve 141 three-gear and four-gear acting teeth

15 divide-shut tooth cover 16 differential mechanism assembly 17 rear-drive end tooth

18 driven bevel gears of front drive differential 181

19 tail end driven teeth 20 tail end driving teeth 21 bevel gear shaft

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings, which are given by way of illustration and explanation only and should not be construed to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Furthermore, features from embodiments in this document and from different embodiments may be combined accordingly by a person skilled in the art from the description in this document.

The embodiment of the invention is as follows, please refer to a gearbox shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, which is used for agricultural machinery and comprises a box body, a first shaft 3 and a second shaft 10 which are arranged in the box body, wherein the first shaft 3 and the second shaft 10 are arranged in parallel. The three-gear fixed gear 4, the four-gear fixed gear 5, the three-gear fixed gear 6, the two-gear fixed gear 7 and the first-gear fixed gear 8 are sequentially arranged on the first shaft 3 from left to right, wherein the three-gear 4 and the first shaft 3 are in clearance fit, and torque is not transmitted between the three-gear fixed gear and the first shaft. The fourth-gear fixed teeth 5, the third-gear fixed teeth 6, the second-gear fixed teeth 7 and the first-gear fixed teeth 8 are fixedly arranged on the first shaft 3, and when the first shaft 3 rotates, the fourth-gear fixed teeth 5, the third-gear fixed teeth 6, the second-gear fixed teeth 7 and the first-gear fixed teeth 8 are driven to rotate together. The four-gear duplex teeth 51, the three-gear duplex teeth 61, the two-gear duplex teeth 71 and the first-gear duplex teeth 81 are sequentially arranged on the second shaft 10 from left to right, the four-gear duplex teeth 51, the three-gear duplex teeth 61, the two-gear duplex teeth 71 and the first-gear duplex teeth 81 are in clearance fit with the second shaft 10, and the four-gear duplex teeth 51, the three-gear duplex teeth 61, the two-gear duplex teeth 71 and the first-gear duplex teeth 81 are respectively meshed with the four-gear fixed teeth 5, the three-gear fixed teeth 6, the two-gear fixed teeth 7 and the first-gear fixed teeth 8. One end of the two shafts 10, i.e. the left end as shown in fig. 1, is further provided with a bevel gear shaft 21, more specifically, a bearing 101 is provided between the bevel gear shaft 21 and the two shafts 10, and the bearing 101 is specifically a needle bearing 101. The bevel gear shaft 21 is fixedly provided with an auxiliary fixed gear 43, the auxiliary fixed gear 43, specifically, the periphery thereof is further provided with an auxiliary sliding gear 42 engaged with the auxiliary fixed gear, and one end of the bevel gear shaft 21 departing from the two shafts 10, namely, the left end shown in fig. 1 is fixedly provided with a driving bevel gear 102. The end of the drive bevel 102 facing away from the bevel shaft 21, the left end as viewed in FIG. 1, is also provided with the forward differential 18. In addition, a rear drive shaft 12 is arranged in the box body and parallel to the two shafts 10, and a differential assembly 16 is arranged at one end of the rear drive shaft 12, namely the left end in the drawing. The gearbox of above-mentioned structure through set up forerunner's differential 18 in the gearbox to and the differential is in structures such as assembly, compares with the gearbox of current structure, can realize that the front and back tire linear velocity is unanimous, and the full-time is four-wheel-driven and synchronous four-wheel-driven, and it has the advantage in the aspect of load and driving capability are more powerful.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the second shaft 10 is further provided with a second-gear operating tooth 131 and a third-fourth-gear operating tooth 141, the second-gear operating tooth 131 and the third-fourth-gear operating tooth 141 are respectively disposed on two sides of the second-gear duplex tooth 71, more specifically, the second-gear operating tooth 131 is disposed on the right side of the second-gear duplex tooth 71, and the third-fourth-gear operating tooth 141 is disposed on the left side of the second-gear duplex tooth 71.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a second gear engaging sleeve 13 always engaged with the second gear engaging tooth 131 is further disposed on the second gear engaging tooth 131, specifically, on the periphery of the second gear engaging tooth 131, and the second gear engaging sleeve 13 can slide left and right on the second gear engaging tooth 131 under the action of the shifting fork.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a third-fourth gear engaging sleeve 14, which is always engaged with the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141, is further disposed on the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141, specifically, on the periphery of the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141, and under the action of the shifting fork, the third-fourth gear engaging sleeve 14 can also slide left and right on the third-fourth gear engaging tooth 141.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the front drive differential 18 is further provided with a driven bevel gear 181, the driving bevel gear 102 and the driven bevel gear 181 at the end of the bevel gear shaft 21 are always engaged, and the driven bevel gear 181 rotates to drive the front drive differential 18 to rotate.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a clutch sleeve 15 is further disposed between the rear drive shaft 12 and the differential assembly 16, the clutch sleeve 15 is specifically used for connecting or separating the rear drive shaft 12 and the differential assembly 16, and when the clutch sleeve 15 connects the rear drive shaft 12 and the differential assembly 16 together, the rear drive shaft 12 rotates to drive the differential assembly 16 to rotate together, so as to implement synchronous driving. In addition, one end of the rear drive shaft 12, which is far away from the clutch gear sleeve 15, namely the right end in the figure, is also provided with a rear drive flange 11.

In addition to the above embodiments, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the differential assembly 16 includes a housing, and an end of the housing facing away from the rear drive shaft 12, i.e., the left end as viewed in fig. 1, is further provided with a detachable rear drive end tooth 17, and the rear drive end tooth 17 is engaged with the secondary sliding teeth 42. Specifically, a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the rear-drive tail end tooth 17 and the shell, and bolts are arranged in the bolt holes, namely the rear-drive tail end tooth 17 is connected with the shell through the bolts.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a front driving shaft is further disposed in the box, two end driving teeth 20 are further disposed at two ends of the front driving differential 18, two end driven teeth 19 engaged with the end driving teeth 20 are disposed on the front driving shaft, and when the end driving teeth 20 rotate, the end driven teeth 19 and the front driving shaft are driven to rotate.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, one end of a shaft 3, i.e. the left end in the figure, is further provided with a clutch shaft 1, a connecting sleeve 2 is further provided between the clutch shaft 1 and the shaft 3, and the other end of the shaft 3, i.e. the right end in the figure, is further provided with an output flange 9, and more specifically, the output flange 9 is a PTO output flange 9.

In the transmission with the above structure, the driving bevel gear 102 is connected with the auxiliary fixing teeth 43 through splines, and the auxiliary fixing teeth 43 are always meshed with the auxiliary sliding teeth 42. In operation, when the third and fourth gear sleeve 14 slides to the left, the fourth gear double tooth 51 transfers torque to the third and fourth gear sleeve 14 and simultaneously to the third and fourth gear action tooth 141, thereby transferring torque to the second shaft 10. Since the high-speed fixed teeth 44 are spline-connected to the biaxial 10, torque can be obtained. When the secondary sliding teeth 42 slide to the right, the torque of the high-speed fixing teeth 44 is received and transmitted to the driving bevel teeth 102 and the rear-drive end teeth 17. When the auxiliary sliding teeth 42 slide leftward, the torque is transmitted to the triple tooth 4 through the high-speed fixing teeth 44, transmitted to the low-speed fixing teeth 41 through the triple tooth 4, and transmitted to the driving bevel gear 102 and the rear-drive end tooth 17 through the auxiliary sliding teeth 42.

The driving bevel gear 102 and the driven bevel gear 181 are always engaged, when the driven bevel gear 181 rotates, the driving differential 18 is driven to rotate, and the driving gear 20 at the tail end is connected with the planetary gear in the driving differential 18 through a spline, so that torque is obtained. The end driving tooth 20 obtains torque and transmits the torque to the end driven tooth 19, so that the front wheel is driven to rotate. The rear drive shaft 12 is connected with a differential assembly 16 through a spline, and differential four-wheel drive transmission is realized. When the front wheel or the rear wheel slips, the split-clutch gear sleeve 15 slides on the differential assembly 16, and the differential assembly 16 and the rear drive shaft 12 are meshed simultaneously, so that synchronous four-wheel drive transmission is realized.

On the other hand, the invention also provides agricultural machinery, which comprises a clutch and a gearbox arranged at one end of the clutch, wherein the gearbox is specifically the gearbox. The agricultural machine may be a wheeled tractor.

The agricultural machine with the structure can correspondingly realize the consistency of the linear speeds of the front and the rear tires, the full-time four-wheel drive and the synchronous four-wheel drive, and has the advantages of stronger load and driving capability and the like.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.