Method for constructing three-dimensional fine stratum model with logging detection scale

文档序号：905393 发布日期：2021-02-26 浏览：17次中文

阅读说明：本技术 一种测井探测尺度三维精细地层模型构建方法 (Method for constructing three-dimensional fine stratum model with logging detection scale ) 是由王海涛赖富强黄兆辉朱章雄谭先锋张国统钟路路于 2020-11-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种测井探测尺度三维精细地层模型构建方法,包括以下步骤,步骤1：构建三维测井探测尺度精细地层模型的几何模型；步骤2：电成像数据方位校正、空白带填充与电阻率标定；步骤3：依据标定后的电成像数据对三维测井探测尺度精细地层几何模型的每个网格进行电阻率属性赋值构建三维测井探测尺度精细地层的物理模型；步骤4：依据有限元法计算上述三维测井探测尺度精细地层物理模型,计算的电阻率与侧向曲线以及地质信息对比。本发明的有益效果是,本发明的技术方案为测井解释反演提供新的储层参数和测井解释模型,提高测井解释精度和流体识别能力,为未来构建全新的测井数据处理与解释模型奠定模型与数值模拟方法的基础。(The invention provides a method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with a logging detection scale, which comprises the following steps of 1: constructing a geometric model of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model; step 2: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging data, filling blank bands and calibrating the resistivity; and step 3: according to the calibrated electrical imaging data, resistivity attribute assignment is carried out on each grid of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model to construct a physical model of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum; and 4, step 4: and calculating the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum physical model according to a finite element method, and comparing the calculated resistivity with a lateral curve and geological information. The invention has the advantages that the technical scheme of the invention provides new reservoir parameters and a logging interpretation model for the logging interpretation and inversion, improves the logging interpretation precision and the fluid identification capability, and lays the foundation of a model and a numerical simulation method for building a brand-new logging data processing and interpretation model in the future.)

1. A method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with a logging detection scale is characterized by comprising the following steps,

step 1: constructing a geometric model of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model;

step 2: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging data, filling blank bands and calibrating the resistivity;

and step 3: according to the calibrated electrical imaging data, resistivity attribute assignment is carried out on each grid of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model to construct a physical model of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum;

and 4, step 4: and calculating the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum physical model according to a finite element method, and comparing the calculated resistivity with a lateral curve and geological information.

2. The method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with logging detection scale according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises,

step 1.1: dividing continuous stratums reflecting lithology and rock structure characteristic stratum attitude approximation into submodules of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model according to an electric imaging logging interpretation result, and recording start and stop depths, stratum inclination and dip angle information of each submodule;

step 1.2: the method comprises the steps of adopting a coordinate axis rotation method to realize the representation of the trend and the inclination angle of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model submodule, and constructing the occurrence information of the fine stratum model submodule;

step 1.3: the method comprises the steps of adopting a coordinate axis rotation method to realize the representation of the trend and the inclination angle of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model submodule, and constructing the occurrence information of the fine stratum model submodule;

step 1.4: determining the depth position and the thickness of each sub-module according to the starting depth and the stopping depth of each sub-module in the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model, and determining the length and the width of each sub-module according to the detection depth of a logging method to be researched;

step 1.5: and after the thickness, the length and the width are determined, and the sub-modules with the stratum attitude are placed to the corresponding depths to be homing, the homing of each sub-module is integrated, and the construction of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model is constructed.

3. The method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with logging detection scale according to claim 1, wherein the step 1.3 comprises,

step 1.31, for a point (X, Y, Z) on the module where the initial inclination angle and the inclination are both zero, continuing to rotate the corresponding inclination γ around the Z axis on the cross section, when the object in the space rotates around the Z axis, keeping the Z coordinate of each point on the object unchanged, and implementing rotation by changing X, Y coordinates, where the rotation angle γ of the stereo point (X, Y, Z) around the Z axis is the point (X ', Y ', Z '), and the coordinate transformation formula is:

step 1.32, the points (X ', Y ', Z ') are rotated on the tangent plane by the corresponding inclination α about the X axis. When an object in space is rotated about the X-axis, the rotation is achieved by changing Y, Z coordinates while keeping the X-coordinate of each point on the object constant. The rotation angle α of the body point (X ', Y ', Z ') around the X axis is the point (X ", Y", Z "), and the coordinate transformation formula is:

4. the method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with logging detection scale according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises,

step 2.1: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging data;

step 2.2: filling a blank zone based on a Filtersmin algorithm of multi-point geostatistics and acquiring electrical imaging data in 360 directions at each depth position by adopting cubic spline interpolation;

step 2.3: calibrating the electrical imaging data based on the lateral logging data.

5. The method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with logging detection scale according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 comprises,

step 3.1: gridding the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum;

step 3.2: and (4) assigning physical attributes of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model. Firstly, obtaining (X ', Y ', Z ') through coordinate inverse transformation according to inclination angle (dng ═ alpha) information in each grid (X ', Y ', Z '), determining the depth of the electric imaging corresponding to the grid point to be Z ', and acquiring 360 resistivity-calibrated electric imaging data of the depth position;

secondly, determining the trend (Ith) corresponding to the grid point by X and Y in (X, Y, Z) through coordinate inverse transformation according to the trend (ang ═ gamma) information in the current grid (X ', Y ', Z '), thereby accurately determining the (Ith) data in 360 pieces of electrical imaging data corresponding to the grid point as the resistance data of the current grid. According to the two steps, the resistivity attribute of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine formation model is assigned, and a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine resistivity attribute model is established;

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of oil and gas exploration, in particular to a method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with a logging detection scale.

Background

With the rapid development of economy in China and the continuous increase of the demand for oil and gas resources, oil and gas exploration and development are gradually changed from conventional reservoirs to unconventional reservoirs such as compact sandstone reservoirs and shale reservoirs. The rock structure is complex, the physical property changes greatly, the lithology is complex, and the influence factors of the electrical and physical properties of the rock are the characteristics of the reservoir. The existing digital core model focuses on the influence of pore microstructures on the petrophysical properties, but cannot research the influence of heterogeneity of reservoir space development on the logging physical properties, and meanwhile, electrical simulation based on a traditional partitioned homogeneous model cannot systematically and quantitatively describe the heterogeneity of reservoirs and the electrical physical response of the reservoirs to the petrophysical properties. The reservoir rock electrical physical response mechanism is the basis of reservoir logging interpretation and evaluation, so the establishment of a fine stratum model for the reservoir and the simulation and research of rock electrical physical properties based on the fine stratum model become urgent. Therefore, a fine stratum model of a three-dimensional logging detection scale is established based on electrical imaging logging data and lateral logging data.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that,

(1) the existing digital rock for researching the geometric characteristics of pore sizes and the topological characteristics of pore communication is a micro model with the resolution ratio in a micro-nano scale, only the pore information of the current position is described, and the micro model cannot describe the characteristics of reservoir spaces of reservoirs at different positions in a stratum in a logging detection range;

(2) the existing zonal uniform model only describes the characteristics of five areas, namely surrounding rocks, mud in a reservoir interval, a mud invasion zone and an undisturbed stratum, and cannot finely describe the combination characteristics of a reservoir layer and a cover layer which develop in an actual stratum and the lithology, physical properties and oil-containing characteristics in different reservoir layers;

(3) based on electrical imaging logging data and lateral logging data, the problems of heterogeneity of stratum reservoir space distribution and fine description of stratum lithology, physical properties and oil content are solved by adopting a method of constructing a fine stratum geometric model and a physical model in a logging detection scale.

The invention provides a method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with a logging detection scale, which comprises the following steps,

step 1: constructing a geometric model of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model;

step 2: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging data, filling blank bands and calibrating the resistivity;

Further, the step 1 comprises the steps of,

Further, said step 1.3 comprises,

further, the step 2 comprises the steps of,

step 2.1: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging data;

step 2.3: calibrating the electrical imaging data based on the lateral logging data.

Further, the step 3 comprises the steps of,

step 3.1: gridding the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum;

the invention has the advantages that the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model constructed based on the electric imaging logging interpretation data can represent the difference of lithology, physical property and oil content caused by the heterogeneity of reservoir space of a reservoir, and the finite element method can calculate the resistivity of the reservoir rock, thereby further developing the research on the influence of the heterogeneity of the reservoir and fluid property on the resistivity of the rock, determining the main influence factors influencing the resistivity of the rock, providing new reservoir parameters and a logging interpretation model for logging interpretation and inversion, improving the logging interpretation precision and the fluid identification capability, and laying the foundation of a model and a numerical simulation method for constructing a brand new logging data processing and interpretation model in the future.

Drawings

FIG. 1: constructing a flow chart of a three-dimensional logging detection scale stratum fine model;

FIG. 2: a schematic diagram of the definition of a three-dimensional space coordinate system;

FIG. 3: well HG2305m-2350m depth section three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model schematic diagram;

FIG. 4: a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine formation physical model in a well HG2305m-2350m depth section is shown as a resistivity log numerical diagram;

FIG. 5: a schematic diagram of comparison between a formation resistance curve and a lateral logging curve is calculated by using a finite element method based on three-dimensional logging detection fine formation physical model simulation in a depth section of a well HG2305m-2350 m.

FIG. 6: and a starting and stopping depth and attitude information schematic diagram of sub-modules with similar attitude in the three-dimensional logging detection scale stratum fine model obtained based on the electric imaging logging interpretation result.

Detailed Description

The invention has the conception that (1) a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model reflecting the rock structure and lithology characteristics of the stratum is constructed according to the electric imaging logging interpretation result; (2) calibrating the electrical imaging data filled with the blank zone and the lateral logging data to determine the resistivity property of the electrical imaging data; (3) carrying out rock physical attribute assignment on the logging fine stratum model of the three-dimensional logging detection scale according to the calibrated electrical imaging data, so as to establish a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum physical model reflecting electrical property; (4) and (3) calculating the resistivity of the logging detection scale resistivity model by adopting a finite element method, and verifying the accuracy of the constructed model and the feasibility of a numerical simulation method.

The invention provides a method for constructing a three-dimensional fine stratum model with a logging detection scale, which comprises the following steps of:

step 1: and constructing a geometric model of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model according to the electric imaging interpretation result. The process comprises the following specific steps:

step 1.1: dividing continuous strata reflecting lithology and rock structure characteristic stratum attitude approximation into submodules of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model according to an electric imaging logging interpretation result, and recording start and stop depths, stratum inclination (ang ═ gamma) and dip angle (dng ═ alpha) information of each submodule;

step 1.2: the method of coordinate axis rotation is adopted to realize the representation of the orientation and the inclination angle of the sub-module of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model, so that the occurrence information of the sub-module of the fine stratum model is constructed; for this purpose, coordinate axes are first defined, the direction, the north direction being defined as the Y direction, the east direction being defined as the X direction, and the vertical ground being defined as the Z direction. The plane perpendicular to the Z direction is called the section plane, and the plane parallel to the Z direction is called the section plane.

Step 1.3: the method of coordinate axis rotation is adopted to realize the representation of the orientation and the inclination angle of the sub-module of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model, so that the occurrence information of the sub-module of the fine stratum model is constructed; to this end, the rotation of the axes builds a attitude with a corresponding tilt and inclination. For point (X, Y, Z) on the module where the initial tilt and dip are both zero.

In the first step, the point (X, Y, Z) needs to continue to rotate on the section plane about the Z axis by the corresponding inclination γ. When the object in space rotates around the Z axis, the rotation is achieved by changing X, Y coordinates while keeping the Z coordinates of each point on the object constant. The rotation angle γ of the stereo point (X, Y, Z) around the Z axis is the point (X ', Y ', Z '), and the coordinate transformation formula is:

in a second step, the points (X ', Y ', Z ') are rotated on the tangent plane by the corresponding inclination α about the X axis. When an object in space is rotated about the X-axis, the rotation is achieved by changing Y, Z coordinates while keeping the X-coordinate of each point on the object constant. When the rotation angle α of the stereo point (X ', Y ', Z ') around the X axis is the point (X ", Y", Z "), the coordinate transformation formula is:

step 1.4: and determining the depth position and the thickness of each sub-module according to the starting depth and the stopping depth of each sub-module in the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model, and determining the length and the width of each sub-module according to the detection depth of a logging method to be researched. Generally, the depth of investigation for logging increases in order from radioactive, electrical to sonic logging. For lateral logging, the logging detection depth is in the order of magnitude of several meters;

step 1.5: determining the sub-modules with the thickness, the length and the width and the stratum attitude to be placed to the corresponding depths as homing, and realizing integration of homing of the sub-modules so as to realize construction of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model;

step 2: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging data, filling blank bands and calibrating the resistivity. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

step 2.1: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging data;

step 2.3: calibrating the electrical imaging data based on the lateral logging data.

And step 3: and carrying out resistivity attribute assignment on each grid of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model according to the calibrated electrical imaging data to construct a physical model of the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum. The method comprises the following specific steps:

step 3.1: gridding the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum;

and 4, step 4: calculating the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum physical model according to a finite element method, comparing the calculated resistivity with a lateral curve and geological information, and verifying the feasibility of a model construction method and a resistivity numerical simulation method;

the following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example 1

Taking the construction of a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model with a depth of 2305m-2350m of an HG tight sandstone reservoir in an example well of a certain oilfield in China as an example, FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method of the logging detection scale three-dimensional fine stratum model, and the construction method of the logging detection scale three-dimensional fine stratum model specifically comprises the following steps:

step 1: and (3) constructing a three-dimensional logging detection scale reservoir fine stratum geometric model. And acquiring the starting and stopping depth, the inclination and the dip angle information of the fine stratum model with the same production state through the electric imaging well logging interpretation data. And then, the formation attitude is constructed through the rotation of coordinate axes, and then a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine formation geometric model is constructed through the homing and integration of sub-modules. The method comprises the following steps:

step 1.1: acquiring start and stop depths, inclination and dip angle information of three-dimensional logging detection scale stratum model sub-modules with similar attitude information in 2301m-2350m by using electrical imaging logging interpretation data. In the depth range, 18 sub-modules are divided according to stratum attitude information, and the starting depth, the ending depth, the inclination and the inclination angle information of each sub-module are shown in table 1.

Step 1.2: a space coordinate system-a geodetic coordinate system (right-hand coordinate system) shown in fig. 2 is defined, in which the east-right direction is X, the north-right direction is Y, and the vertical ground is upward Z direction. Wherein, the plane perpendicular to the Z direction is a section plane, and the plane parallel to the Z direction is a tangent plane.

Step 1.3: according to the inclination and inclination information of each submodule in the table 1, the attitude information of the module with the inclination and inclination of which the initial inclination and the inclination are both zero is realized through two times of coordinate rotation. The point (x, y, z) on the initial module is reached by the inclined rotation in the section plane to the point (x ', y', z ') according to equation (1), and then the point (x', y ', z') is reached by the rotation of the inclination angle in the section plane to the point (x ", y", z ") according to equation (2). Thus, the rotation of the coordinate axes enables characterization of the behavior of each sub-module.

Step 1.4: the thickness of each module is determined according to the starting depth and the ending depth of each module, and the length and the width of each module are determined to be 6m according to the electrical rock physical property and the logging detection depth. The submodules that determine the length, width and height are then repositioned to the corresponding depth ranges. Finally, the homing of all sub-modules to the corresponding depth positions integrates the three-dimensional logging exploration scale fine formation geometric model shown in fig. 3. Wherein, the longitudinal resolution of this model is 5mm, and horizontal resolution is 5mm, so the size of model is: 1200X 9000.

Step 2: and performing blank band filling and resistivity calibration on the electric imaging data after azimuth correction. Which comprises the following steps:

step 2.1: correcting the orientation of the electrical imaging so that the orientation information of the electrical imaging data is consistent with the formation attitude information;

step 2.2: electro-imaging blank band filling. Well HG uses an EMI electro-imaging logging instrument with 6 plates, each acquiring 25 curves. Meanwhile, the hole diameter of the 2305m-2350m depth section is about 10in (25.4cm), and the hole coverage rate is 60%. It can be seen that each plate requires 42 curves to achieve 100% wellbore coverage. Therefore, based on the multi-point geostatistics Filtersmi algorithm, the blank band filling is carried out to obtain 252 electrical imaging well logging curves to realize the full well wall coverage. And then dividing 252 data points into 36 groups, and interpolating the 7 data points in each group into 10 points by adopting a cubic spline interpolation method, thereby obtaining 360 electric imaging logging curves and improving the azimuth resolution.

Step 2.3: calibrating the electrical imaging logging data by the lateral logging curve; comparing the average value of the electrical imaging logging data at each depth point in the depth section of the well HG 2300m-2350m with the lateral logging data at the depth point, determining the relation between the two by adopting a data fitting mode, and calibrating the electrical imaging data into corresponding resistivity data by utilizing the fitting relation.

And step 3: and gridding the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model, determining an electrical imaging data point corresponding to the current point according to the information of each grid coordinate (x ', y', z "), the inclination gamma and the inclination angle alpha, performing assignment on the electrical rock physical property, and constructing the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum physical model. The method comprises the following specific steps:

step 3.1: gridding a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum geometric model;

step 3.2: obtaining (x ', y ', z ') through coordinate inverse transformation of a formula (3) according to each grid coordinate (x ', y ', z ') and the inclination angle (alpha), determining the depth of the electrical imaging corresponding to the grid point as z ', and obtaining 360 resistivity-calibrated electrical imaging data of the depth position;

then, (x, y, Z) is obtained by inverse coordinate transformation of formula (4) based on the rotated grid coordinates (x ', y ', Z ') and the inclination (γ) information, and the specific serial number (Ith) determining that the grid point corresponds to 360 electrical images at the Z depth is determined by x and y in formula (5). Then, taking the electrical imaging data after the resistivity calibration of the (Ith) th resistivity of the z depth point as the resistance data of the current grid, and establishing a three-dimensional logging detection scale fine formation physical model shown in FIG. 4;

and 4, step 4: and (3) carrying out resistivity attribute simulation on the three-dimensional logging detection scale stratum fine model and verifying the model construction method. And calculating the resistivity of the model by adopting a finite element method, and comparing a simulation result with the lateral logging curve and geological information so as to verify the feasibility of a resistivity numerical simulation method and a model construction method. The method comprises the following specific steps:

step 4.1: calculating the resistivity of the model by using a finite element method, wherein the window length is 50cm and the step length is 50cm in the simulation calculation process, and calculating logging curves BHRX and BHRY; the window length is 10cm, the step length is 10cm, and the well logging curves are BHNRX and BHNRY.

Step 4.2: verifying a simulation result; FIG. 5 shows the third curve for the simulated calculated logs BHRX and BHRY and the fourth curve for the simulated calculated logs BHNRX and BHNRY; RT is a lateral logging curve, the simulation result is matched with the logging curve, and the matching degree of the simulation result and the logging curve is increased along with the reduction of the window length and the step length. Meanwhile, the simulation result in the Y direction is larger than that in the X direction, the result is matched with geological information, the stratum inclination of the region is 345 degrees, and therefore the resistivity in the due north direction, namely the Y direction, is larger than that in the due east direction, namely the X direction.

The invention has the advantages that the three-dimensional logging detection scale fine stratum model constructed based on the electric imaging logging interpretation data can represent the difference of lithology, physical property and oil content caused by the heterogeneity of reservoir space of a reservoir, and the finite element method can calculate the resistivity of the reservoir rock, thereby further developing the research on the influence of the heterogeneity of the reservoir and fluid property on the resistivity of the rock, determining the main influence factors influencing the resistivity of the rock, providing new reservoir parameters and a logging interpretation model for logging interpretation and inversion, improving the logging interpretation precision and the fluid identification capability, and laying the foundation of a model and a numerical simulation method for constructing a brand new logging data processing and interpretation model in the future.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

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Method for constructing three-dimensional fine stratum model with logging detection scale

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