阅读说明：本技术 一种低成本高寒动车组制动闸片 (Low-cost high and cold EMUs brake lining ) 是由 房冲 王林波 张彪 谢代义 邹怀森 于 2020-12-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种低成本高寒动车组制动闸片,包括钢背(1)与多套闸片组件；钢背(1)左右两片对合,分布多个安装孔,中部的安装孔间的间距大于四周的间距；每个安装孔中安装一套闸片组件；安装孔在钢背(1)的装配侧设有碟簧安装槽(12),另一侧设有卡簧安装槽(14),中间通孔连通；通过碟簧(2)与卡簧(4)固定连接,所述的摩擦块(3)的横截面为六边形,所述的摩擦块(3)间的钢背(1)上设有多个限位凸台(13)。在不改变既有闸片接口、轮廓的基础上,提高闸片与制动盘制动时的稳定性,避免极端天气下闸片与制动盘的异常磨耗。同时通过对钢背的重复利用,降低闸片的制造成本。(The invention discloses a low-cost high and cold motor train unit brake pad, which comprises a steel backing (1) and a plurality of sets of brake pad components; the left sheet and the right sheet of the steel back (1) are involuted and distributed with a plurality of mounting holes, and the distance between the mounting holes in the middle part is larger than the distance around; each mounting hole is provided with a set of brake pad components; the mounting hole is provided with a disc spring mounting groove (12) at the assembling side of the steel back (1), the other side is provided with a clamp spring mounting groove (14), and the middle through holes are communicated; through dish spring (2) and jump ring (4) fixed connection, the cross section of clutch blocks (3) be the hexagon, the steel backing (1) between clutch blocks (3) on be equipped with a plurality of spacing bosss (13). On the basis of not changing the interface and the profile of the existing brake pad, the stability of the brake pad and the brake disc during braking is improved, and abnormal abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc in extreme weather is avoided. Meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the brake pad is reduced by recycling the steel backing.)

1. A low-cost high and cold motor train unit brake pad is characterized by comprising a steel backing (1) and a plurality of sets of brake pad components; the steel back (1) is of a long oval split type asymmetric structure, the left sheet and the right sheet are folded along the dislocation-preventing bend (11), a plurality of mounting holes are distributed in the steel back (1), the distance between the mounting holes in the middle of the steel back (1) is larger than the distance between the mounting holes on the periphery of the steel back (1); each mounting hole is provided with a set of brake pad components;

the brake pad component comprises a disc spring (2), a friction block (3) and a clamp spring (4); the mounting hole is provided with a disc spring mounting groove (12) at the assembling side of the steel back (1), the other side of the mounting hole is provided with a snap spring mounting groove (14), and the middle through holes are communicated; the disc spring (2) is arranged in the disc spring mounting groove (12), the friction block (3) is arranged on one side of the disc spring mounting groove (12) of the steel back (1), and the friction block (3) penetrates through a middle through hole of the disc spring (2) and the mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the disc spring through a clamp spring (4) arranged in a clamp spring mounting groove (14) on the other side; chamfering the groove edges of the disc spring mounting groove (12) and the clamp spring mounting groove (14);

the cross section of the friction blocks (3) is hexagonal, and a plurality of limiting bosses (13) are arranged on the steel back (1) between the friction blocks (3).

2. The brake pad of the low-cost and high-cold motor train unit according to claim 1, wherein the friction block (3) comprises a friction body (31) and a back plate (32), and the friction body (31) and the back plate (32) are of an integral sintered structure; the cross section of the back plate (32) is larger than that of the friction body (31).

3. The brake pad of the low-cost and high-cold motor train unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the back plate (32) comprises a back plate spherical surface (321), and the back plate spherical surface (321) is in contact with the disc spring (2).

4. The brake pad of the low-cost high-cold motor train unit according to claim 2, wherein the back plate (32) comprises a center pin (322), a T-shaped groove (3221) is formed in the top end of the center pin (322), and the clamp spring (4) is clamped in the T-shaped groove (3221).

5. The brake pad of the motor train unit with low cost and high cold according to claim 2, wherein the friction body (31) of the friction block (3) is subjected to edge chamfering treatment, and the back plate (32) is subjected to edge chamfering treatment.

6. The brake pad of the low-cost and high-cold motor train unit according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the edge of the friction body (31) of the friction block (3) is rounded.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical structures, particularly relates to the technical field of disc braking, and particularly relates to a brake pad of a low-cost high and cold motor train unit.

Background

Along with the design of the passing of the high-speed railway with the speed per hour of 350km/h in the alpine region. If the environmental temperature is reduced to below-30 ℃ in the case of snowstorm, the powder metallurgy brake pad arranged on the original train causes serious abnormal abrasion to the brake disc, and the abnormal abrasion depth of part of the brake disc reaches more than 5mm through inspection, thereby seriously influencing the driving safety of the train. The brake pad of the CRH380BG high and cold motor train unit further optimizes the design structure of the brake pad, avoids abnormal abrasion of the brake pad on a brake disc under the weather conditions of ice, snow and sand, but the brake pad structure optimization also increases the manufacturing cost of the brake pad, the price of the brake pad is 2-3 times of that of the brake pad of the common CRH380B motor train unit, and the use cost of users is greatly increased.

At present, the 200-250 km/h high-speed cold electric multiple units such as CRH2G and CRH5G use brake pads suitable for common electric multiple unit vehicle types to reduce cost, but the brake pads are easy to scratch and separate and fall off under the weather conditions such as ice, snow, sand and the like. The user often discovers and changes the brake lining that produces unusual wearing and tearing and self damage to the brake disc in time through increasing the inspection frequency in order to avoid the risk, but this still increases human cost and use risk to a certain extent.

In addition, because the amplitude of our country is large, some trains need to continuously pass through high-temperature damp-heat areas and high-cold sand-blown areas, especially trains running in the northwest and the northeast of the country, so that the phenomenon that the train is damaged by the brake pads and the brake discs in the northwest and the northeast of the country due to rain and snow in the south can occur, and the monitoring difficulty is further increased. With the further increase of the attachment range of the're-happiness' standard motor train unit, the requirement of 'interchange' of parts is more and more strict, and the problem that the brake pad price of the high and cold motor train unit is high is more and more severe, so that the development of the brake pad of the high and cold motor train unit with low cost becomes urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit brake pad, which reduces the entrainment and accumulation of abrasive dust, ice, snow, sand and other foreign matters on the surface of the brake pad, improves the braking stability of the brake pad and a brake disc and avoids the abnormal abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc in extreme weather by optimizing the structure of a steel backing and a friction block and reasonably configuring the layout of the friction block on the basis of not changing the interface and the outline of the existing brake pad. Meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the brake pad is reduced by recycling the steel backing.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a low-cost high and cold motor train unit brake pad comprises a steel backing 1 and a plurality of sets of brake pad components; the steel back 1 is of a long oval split type asymmetric structure, the left sheet and the right sheet are folded along the dislocation-preventing bend 11, a plurality of mounting holes are distributed in the steel back 1, the distance between the mounting holes in the middle of the steel back 1 is larger than the distance between the mounting holes around the steel back 1; each mounting hole is provided with a set of brake pad components;

the brake pad component comprises a disc spring 2, a friction block 3 and a clamp spring 4; the mounting hole is provided with a disc spring mounting groove 12 at the assembling side of the steel backing 1, a clamp spring mounting groove 14 at the other side, and the middle through holes are communicated; the disc spring 2 is arranged in the disc spring mounting groove 12, the friction block 3 is arranged on one side of the disc spring mounting groove 12 of the steel back 1, and the friction block 3 penetrates through a middle through hole of the disc spring 2 and the mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the disc spring 3 in the clamp spring mounting groove 14 arranged on the other side; chamfering the groove edges of the disc spring mounting groove 12 and the clamp spring mounting groove 14;

the cross section of the friction blocks 3 is hexagonal, and a plurality of limiting bosses 13 are arranged on the steel back 1 among the friction blocks 3.

The friction block 3 comprises a friction body 31 and a back plate 32, and the friction body 31 and the back plate 32 are of an integral sintering structure; the cross section of the back plate 32 is larger than that of the friction body 31.

The back plate 32 comprises a back plate spherical surface 321, and the back plate spherical surface 321 is in contact with the disc spring 2.

The back plate 32 comprises a center pin 322, a T-shaped groove 3221 is arranged at the top end of the center pin 322, and the clamp spring 4 is clamped in the T-shaped groove 3221

And chamfering the edges of the friction bodies 31 of the friction blocks 3, and chamfering the edges of the back plates 32.

The cross section of the friction block 3 is a non-equilateral hexagon.

The edge of the friction body 31 of the friction block 3 is rounded.

According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the brake pad of the low-cost high-cold motor train unit provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that on the basis of not changing the interface and the outline of the existing brake pad, the arrangement of the friction blocks is reasonably configured by optimizing the structure of the steel backing and the friction blocks, the inclusion accumulation of foreign matters such as abrasive dust, ice, snow, sand and the like on the surface of the brake pad is reduced, the stability of the brake pad and the brake disc during braking is improved, and the abnormal abrasion of the brake pad and the brake disc in extreme weather is avoided. Meanwhile, the manufacturing cost of the brake pad is reduced by recycling the steel backing.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit in a front view, according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic left-side sectional structural view of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a steel backing of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit according to an embodiment of the invention in a front view;

FIG. 5 is a schematic rear view structure diagram of a steel backing of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a disc spring of a brake pad of a low-cost high-cold motor train unit provided by the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a friction block of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit according to an embodiment of the invention in a front view;

FIG. 8 is a schematic left-view structural diagram of a friction block of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit provided by the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a clamp spring of a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit provided by an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a brake pad of a low-cost and high-cold motor train unit comprises a steel backing 1 and a plurality of brake pad assemblies; as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the steel back 1 is a long oval split type asymmetric structure, the number of the steel back is two, and the steel back is formed by integral casting and processing and is subjected to rust prevention treatment, so that the steel back can be repeatedly used. The left and right sheets are jointed along the dislocation-preventing bend 11 to prevent dislocation. The mounting structure of the steel back 1 is consistent with the current structural form.

The steel back 1 is sequentially provided with a plurality of mounting holes from inside to outside along the radial direction, and the distance between the mounting holes in the middle of the steel back 1 is larger than the distance between the mounting holes around the steel back 1; namely the gaps among the friction blocks 3, the middle part of the steel back 1 is larger than the periphery of the steel back 1, namely the number of the friction blocks 3 at the periphery of the steel back 1 is larger than that of the friction blocks 3 at the middle part of the steel back 1.

In this example, each mounting hole is provided with a set of brake pad components; the brake pad component comprises a disc spring 2, a friction block 3 and a clamp spring 4; the mounting hole is provided with a disc spring mounting groove 12 at the assembling side of the steel backing 1, a clamp spring mounting groove 14 at the other side, and the middle through holes are communicated; meanwhile, the other side of the steel backing 1 is also provided with a dovetail block, the steel backing 1 and the dovetail block are integrally cast, machined and formed, high in interchange rate and reusable, and the dovetail block is used for mounting the brake pad of the low-cost high-cold motor train unit.

The disc spring 2 is arranged in the disc spring mounting groove 12 and is of a structure of the disc spring 2 as shown in fig. 6, the disc spring 2 is a single disc spring without a supporting surface, the cross section of the disc spring is trapezoidal, the disc spring is made of precipitation hardening stainless steel, the thickness of the disc spring is 1-1.5 mm, and the free height is pressed down by 0.5mm, and the pressure is not lower than 1.0 kN. The bottom circle 21 of the disc spring 2 contacts the hole bottom of the disc spring mounting groove 12. The friction block 3 is arranged on one side of the disc spring mounting groove 12 of the steel back 1, and the friction block 3 penetrates through the disc spring 2 and a middle through hole of the mounting hole and is fixedly connected with the disc spring through a clamp spring 4 arranged in a clamp spring mounting groove 14 on the other side; the top circle 22 of the disc spring 2 contacts the friction block 3. Chamfering the groove edges of the disc spring mounting groove 12 and the clamp spring mounting groove 14; the ice and snow in the disc spring mounting groove 12 and the clamp spring mounting groove 14 fall off and melt and flow out.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the cross section of the friction blocks 3 is hexagonal, and a plurality of limiting bosses 13 are arranged on the steel back 1 between the friction blocks 3. The gap between the disc spring 2 and the friction block 3 is limited to a certain direction, and the friction block can be adjusted within a certain angle. Specifically, the cross section of the friction block 3 is a non-equilateral hexagon, the long edge of the non-equilateral hexagon is parallel to the long edge of the anti-rotation boss 12, and the friction block has certain rotation capacity. Specifically, the friction block 3 comprises a friction body 31 and a back plate 32, and the friction body 31 and the back plate 32 are of an integral sintering structure; the cross section of the back plate 32 is larger than that of the friction body 31. The back plate 32 includes a back plate spherical surface 321, and the back plate spherical surface 321 contacts with the disc spring 2, that is, the top circle 22 of the disc spring 2 contacts with the back plate spherical surface 321 of the friction block 3. The back plate 32 includes a center pin 322, a T-shaped groove 3221 is disposed at a top end of the center pin 322, the snap spring 4 is clamped in the T-shaped groove 3221, and specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the central closed hole 42 of the snap spring 4 is clamped in the T-shaped groove 3221 for fixing. The clamp spring 4 is butterfly-shaped and made of stainless steel, the central closed hole 41 is circular or nearly circular, and the wire diameter is not less than 1.5 mm.

As shown in fig. 9, the snap spring 4 is butterfly-shaped, the outer contour 41 and the central hole 42 of the snap spring 4 are circular or nearly circular, the snap spring 4 is in a compressed state during assembly, the outer contour 41 of the snap spring 4 is matched with the snap spring mounting groove 14 of the steel back 1, and the central hole 42 is matched with the T-shaped groove 3221 of the friction block 3 to lock the steel back 1, the disc spring 2 and the friction block 3.

And after the assembly is finished, the clearance between the friction blocks 3 is not less than 3 mm. The clearance between the back plate 32 of the friction block 3 and the steel back 1 is not less than 1mm, and is not less than 0.5mm under the maximum braking pressure. Reduce the brake impact and ensure the sufficient contact of the brake pads and the brake disc during braking.

The example is assembled as follows:

placing the disc springs 2 into the disc spring mounting grooves 12 of the steel backs 1, enabling bottom circles 21 of the disc springs 2 to be overlapped with the disc spring mounting grooves 12 of the steel backs 1, and repeating the operation until all the disc springs 2 are placed into the disc spring mounting grooves 12 of the steel backs 1;

the central pin 322 of the friction block 3 sequentially penetrates through the disc spring 2 and the disc spring mounting groove 12 of the steel backing 1 until the spherical surface 321 of the friction block 3 is coincided with the top circle 22 of the disc spring 2, the long edge of the friction block 3 is parallel to the long edge of the limiting boss 13, and the operation is repeated until all the friction blocks 3 are placed at the designated positions;

and pressing the central closed hole 42 of the clamp spring 4 into the T-shaped groove 3221 to fix the friction block 3 on the steel back 1, sinking the T-shaped groove 3221 and the clamp spring 4 into the clamp spring mounting groove 14 of the steel back 1, and repeating the operations until all the clamp springs 4 are mounted.

Its advantages are as follows:

1. the steel backing is of a split type asymmetric structure, the left sheet and the right sheet are provided with the corresponding dislocation-preventing bends, and the wrong matching and assembly of the brake pad can be effectively avoided.

2. The steel back is formed by casting and processing the dovetail and the steel back integrally, so that the damage of the dovetail and the steel back joint caused by the circulating stress of a dovetail and steel back welding and riveting structure in extreme weather is effectively avoided, and the separation of the dovetail and the steel back is avoided. In addition, the dovetail and the steel back are integrally formed, so that the deformation of the steel back is reduced, and the brake lining is convenient to disassemble and assemble and the steel back is reusable.

3. The steel back assembly side and the dovetail side are respectively provided with a disc spring mounting groove and a snap spring mounting groove, and the disc spring mounting groove and the snap spring mounting groove are subjected to chamfering treatment, so that ice and snow fall off and melt outflow are accelerated, and the elastic connection effect is prevented from being reduced due to the fact that ice and snow are accumulated to coat an elastic part.

4. The steel back assembly side is provided with the limiting boss, the gap of the friction block is limited to be in a certain direction, the friction block can be adjusted within a certain angle, the dovetail groove is formed in the dovetail side, and the weight of the brake pad is reduced.

5. The friction block is of a solid hexagonal non-porous structure, and the edges are rounded, so that the adhesion of ice and snow at the center and the corners of the friction block is reduced. The adjacent friction blocks have certain gaps, the gap direction is consistent with the running direction of a train, on one hand, foreign matters such as abrasive dust and sand grains are prevented from being adhered to the surface of the brake pad, and on the other hand, the air circulation is facilitated to bring the adhered foreign matters such as the abrasive dust and the sand grains away.

6. The friction block layout is characterized in that the brake pad center is small in number and large in gap, and the brake pad periphery is large in friction block number and small in gap. The gap with larger center of the brake pad can avoid filling the gap of the brake pad due to accumulation of a small amount of foreign matters such as abrasive dust, ice and snow, sand grains and the like, and is favorable for discharging the foreign matters such as the abrasive dust and the like.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.