阅读说明：本技术 同步装置和用于同步装置的锁紧元件 (Synchronization device and locking element for a synchronization device ) 是由 丹尼斯·波特肯佩尔 克努特·埃德曼 珍妮弗·诺伊豪斯 贝恩德·海尔曼 于 2019-01-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种用于车辆变速器的同步装置(24)的锁紧元件(8),所述同步装置具有换挡接合套(2)和换挡接合套承载件(1),其中锁紧元件(8)具有：盖(10),所述盖具有锁定轮廓(29),所述锁定轮廓可在锁定凹部(11)中锁定；底部部件(14),盖(10)可相对于所述底部部件运动；和弹簧(15),所述弹簧将盖(10)朝底部部件(14)预紧。底部部件(14)形成倾斜止挡(28),在未由外力加载的状态下,所述倾斜止挡与盖(10)间隔开并且径向地设置在弹簧(15)的底点(27)和盖(10)的锁定轮廓(29)之间。替选地,倾斜止挡(28)设置在换挡接合套承载件(1)上。(The invention relates to a locking element (8) for a synchronization device (24) of a vehicle transmission, comprising a shift sleeve (2) and a shift sleeve carrier (1), wherein the locking element (8) comprises: a cover (10) having a locking contour (29) which can be locked in a locking recess (11); a base member (14) relative to which the lid (10) is movable; and a spring (15) that pretensions the cover (10) against the base part (14). The base part (14) forms a tilting stop (28) which, in the unloaded state, is spaced apart from the cover (10) and is arranged radially between a base point (27) of the spring (15) and a locking contour (29) of the cover (10). Alternatively, a tilt stop (28) is provided on the shift sleeve carrier (1).)

1. A locking element (8) for a synchronization device (24) of a motor vehicle transmission, having a shift sleeve (2) and a shift sleeve carrier (1), wherein the locking element (8) has:

-a cover (10) having a locking contour (29) which can be locked into a locking recess (11),

-a bottom part (14) relative to which the lid (10) is movable, and

-a spring (15) pre-stressing the cover (10) towards the bottom part (14),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

-the bottom part (14) has a tilting stop (28) which, in the unloaded state, is spaced apart from the cover (10) and is arranged radially between a bottom point (27) of the spring (15) and a locking contour (29) of the cover (10).

2. Locking element (8) according to claim 1, characterized in that the tilting stop (28) is formed by a first side wall (25) of the bottom part (14).

3. Locking element (8) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cover (10) is snapped onto the bottom part (14) on a second side wall (26).

4. Locking element (8) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the bottom part (14) has two first and second side walls (25, 26), respectively, of which two are arranged opposite each other and two have the same radial height.

5. Locking element (8) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second side wall (26) forms a guide for the cover (10) when elastically compressed.

6. Locking element (8) according to claim 5, characterized in that the cover (10) is supported on the base part (14) via a rounded section (16) under a force acting obliquely to the compression direction of the spring (15).

7. A synchronization device (24) of a vehicle transmission, the synchronization device having:

-a shift sleeve carrier (1) having external teeth and a receptacle (32) that divides the external teeth,

-a shift sleeve (2) having internal teeth (33) which mesh with external teeth of the shift sleeve carrier (1) and which has a locking recess (11),

a locking element (8) having a base part (14), a cover (10) which can be locked into the locking recess (11), and a spring (15) which pretensions the base part (14) against the cover (10),

-wherein the bottom part (14) is arranged in the receptacle (32) so as to be movable relative to the cover (10) in a manner that is prestressed towards the shift sleeve (2),

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

-the shift sleeve carrier (1) has a tilting stop (28) which, in the unloaded state, is spaced apart from the cover (10) and is arranged radially between a base point (27) of the spring (15) and a locking contour (29) of the cover (10).

8. Synchronization device (24) according to claim 7, characterized in that the tilt stop (28) is configured as a seat in a receptacle (32).

9. Synchronization device (24) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the tilting stop (28) additionally forms an axial stop for the bottom part (14) on the shift sleeve carrier (1).

10. Synchronization device (24) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, having a synchronization ring (13), characterized in that the cover (10) has a side wall (31) by means of which the synchronization ring (13) is axially movable.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a synchronization device for a motor vehicle transmission, comprising a shift sleeve, a shift sleeve carrier and a locking element arranged between the shift sleeve and the shift sleeve carrier. The locking element has: a cover having a locking contour which can be locked into a locking recess provided in the shift sleeve or in the shift sleeve carrier; and a base member relative to which the cover is movable; and a spring that pretensions the cover onto the base member. The invention further relates to a locking element for such a synchronization device.

Background

The synchronizer is provided in a shifting clutch of the transmission for connecting the gear wheel in a rotationally fixed manner to the transmission shaft. The shift sleeve is usually held in the neutral position on the shift sleeve carrier by means of a locking element. In the actuating position, typically three to four locking elements are arranged on the circumference of the shift sleeve carrier and held on the shift sleeve carrier and are prestressed against the shift sleeve. For this purpose, the locking element is supported on the shift sleeve carrier and engages in a locking recess on the shift sleeve.

Furthermore, the locking element is also used as a pressure element in a shifting clutch designed as a synchronizer clutch. The pressure piece is arranged in the shift sleeve carrier in a longitudinally displaceable manner. The locking element or the combination of locking element and pressure element used in this application is of relatively simple design and is furthermore also formed by a flat spring element in the form of a leaf spring or bow. This allows a small structural height. The shift engagement sleeve carrier is provided with a small radial depth of accommodation for the locking device. The stability of the carrier, in particular the rigidity of its body structure, is only adversely affected relatively slightly due to the small depth of the recess.

DE 10225269 a1 describes a locking element in the form of a pressure piece. The base body of the locking element, which is formed from sheet metal, is formed in the shape of a shell with a base part and a wall oriented transversely to the pressure direction, wherein the base body is covered by covers which are arranged opposite one another in the pressure direction. The cover is held on the base body with a limited longitudinal movement in relation to the base body in the pressure direction, wherein the edge of the cover covers the base body. The bow-shaped spring element is enclosed by the base body and the cover and is prestressed against said base body and cover. The locking element is of relatively high design, so that the shift sleeve carrier must be provided with a large receptacle for the locking element and must therefore be thin.

The locking element according to DE 102005018899 a1 is of a flatter design, which results in a higher load capacity of the shift sleeve carrier. However, the locking element, especially if it is also used as a pressure element, can tilt when a force is introduced obliquely into its base body. When tilting, the cover is supported by the base body, which requires a correspondingly wide base body and correspondingly installation space. When not supported in the base, the locking element may not be able to adequately prevent tilting of the cover. The cover can be tilted in particular in the edge of the base body formed by the wall and the base.

DE 102016217196 a1 describes a locking element as a pressure piece, which has a base and a cover with wing sections via which the locking element can be supported on a sliding sleeve. The maximum angle at which the lid can be tilted becomes greater as the elastic compression of the lid increases, so that the lid may also be skewed.

A further synchronization device with a locking element is known from DE 102007031300 a 1.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a synchronization device which is also robust with respect to tilt-induced forces.

This object is achieved in a locking element of this type by: an inclined stop is arranged. The tilt stop is spaced apart from the cover in the unloaded state by an external force and is arranged radially between the bottom point of the spring and the locking contour of the cover.

The tilt stop thus provided has the following effect: the tilt stop delimits the maximum possible tilt angle. The limit is arranged here such that the cover can no longer reach the radial height of the spring base point. In the case of a tub-shaped base part, the exclusion cover can thus be clamped in the edge or corner of the base part formed by the tub. The effect is realized by the following steps: the tilt stop for the lid has a convex shape and no concave shape. The grooves which may be required for forming the side walls on the base part are therefore arranged in a different radial plane than the tilting stops, wherein the radial direction is predetermined by the elastic compression of the spring. Advantageously, by selecting the radial positioning of the tilt stop, it is possible to structurally preset the maximum permissible tilt angle.

In a first embodiment, the tilt stop is formed by a first side wall of the bottom part. The side walls can be axially oriented in the locking element inserted into the synchronization device. Preferably, it is formed integrally with the bottom of the bottom part.

The lid and base members may be made of sheet metal. If the cover consists of a metal sheet, the cover is formed without cutting out from the plane of the base part or the cover by bending or crimping. The cover can also be produced simply by injection moulding. For example, the entire cover of the locking element is made of plastic. The bottom part can also be made of plastic. Both materials are suitable for mass production of locking elements.

In a further embodiment, the bottom part additionally or alternatively has a side wall on which the cover is held in a loss-proof manner. For this purpose, the side wall can have a projection on which the cover snaps. Such a cover installation is particularly cost-effective.

In a further embodiment, the cover has two first and second side walls, respectively, wherein the radial heights of the first and second side walls differ from each other. The first side wall may form an inclined stop, while the second side wall may form a guide for the cover. The guide ensures that the cover is not twisted. Thereby, the two side walls respectively limit different degrees of freedom of movement of the cover.

Advantageously, the cover may be supported via the rounded section on the first side wall or on the second side wall. This further avoids support via edges which, in particular if the cover and the base part are made of materials of different hardness, can penetrate into the softer mating material under unfavorable conditions.

In particular, skewing of the base part along the body edge is precluded. Thereby reducing wear on the lid and on the base part. The deflection is particularly effectively prevented when the cover is supported in the predetermined force direction under maximum elastic compression on a plurality of rounding segments which are offset from one another in the elastic compression direction, so that a plurality of line contacts offset from one another simultaneously prevent further elastic compression.

The rounding section preferably extends over a large angle, so that the support of the cover by the rounding section is always ensured irrespective of the direction of the force acting on the cover.

According to claim 7, the object is likewise achieved by a tilting stop which is provided on the shift sleeve carrier. Advantageously, the synchronization device can be equipped with locking elements of the prior art, so that with the same type of component principle, manufacturing is facilitated due to the higher piece count. In the case of shift sleeve carriers, which are usually sintered, the tilting stop can be produced without much effort, so that the locking element can be produced more easily in terms of production engineering.

The tilt stop can be designed as a seat in the receptacle for the locking element. The base is produced in one piece with the rest of the shift sleeve carrier.

In addition, the inclined stop can axially fix the locking element or form an axial stop for the axial movement of the locking element.

If the force acts obliquely on the cover, the result is thus a radial movement and support over the entire locking surface. Tilting is avoided due to the planar support in the locking contour. Thereby, there is no need to enclose the cover in the base.

Furthermore, it is advantageous to avoid damage to the cover by the planar support on the locking contour of the locking groove, which may be designed as a sharp edge.

In a further embodiment, the cover has an end wall which is arranged on the cover on the end side in the axial direction. By means of the end wall, the synchronizing ring can be moved axially, so that a presynchronization process can be initiated via it.

The locking element has a spring which pretensions the cover against the base part. Preferably, the spring is configured as a helical compression spring. The spring may be formed by a plurality of individual springs. The relatively small and not portable spring is encapsulated in the locking element in a loss-proof manner during its installation, so that it can be installed easily and reliably and protected from the external environment. In the cage formed by the cover and the base body, spring elements having different spring characteristics can be used, with the dimensions of the envelope remaining unchanged. The locking elements are thereby adapted to the completely different application-specific requirements with the same external dimensions.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the spring is centered in the locking element by a pin.

Drawings

The present invention is explained in detail below with reference to examples. The figures show:

fig. 1a and 1b show a longitudinal section of a synchronization device with a schematically illustrated locking element according to the invention, wherein fig. 1a shows the shift sleeve in its neutral position and fig. 1b shows the shift sleeve in a shifting position,

figure 2 shows a perspective view of a locking element according to the invention,

figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through a synchronization device with a locking element according to figure 2,

figure 4 shows a perspective view of a part of a shift sleeve carrier of a synchronizing device according to the invention,

fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through a synchronization device with a shift sleeve carrier according to fig. 4.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1a and 1b show a clutch in the form of a synchronizer 24 with a shift sleeve carrier 1 and a shift sleeve 2 for selectively coupling gear wheels 3 and 4. The gear wheels 3, 4 are rotatably and longitudinally fixedly mounted on a transmission shaft 5. The shift sleeve carrier 1 is mounted on the transmission shaft 5 in a rotationally fixed and longitudinally fixed manner and carries a transmission component 23 in the form of the shift sleeve 2 on its outer circumference. The shift sleeve 2 is arranged on the shift sleeve carrier 1 so as to be rotationally fixed with respect to the shift sleeve carrier 1 by means of the toothing and thus rotationally fixed with respect to the shift shaft 5, but longitudinally selectively displaceable in the direction of one of the gear wheels 3 or 4. On each side of the shift sleeve carrier 1, a set 6, 7 of synchronizer rings is arranged longitudinally between the shift sleeve carrier 1 and the gear wheels 3, 4, respectively.

The shift sleeve carrier 1 accommodates at least three locking elements 8 on its circumference, wherein the locking elements 8 are only shown schematically here and in detail in the following figures. The locking element 8 is locked on the shift collar 2 in its neutral setting position according to fig. 1 a. The locking element 8 is designed as a pressure piece 9. In the neutral setting position, the locking element 8 is radially supported on the shift sleeve carrier 1 and is prestressed against the shift sleeve 2 by means of the cover 10. The locking element 8 engages in this case with the aid of a cover 10 into a locking recess 11 on the shift sleeve 2.

The shift sleeve 2, which is moved longitudinally on the shift sleeve carrier 1 from the neutral setting position according to fig. 1a into the shifting position (fig. 1b), engages in the clutch teeth 12a of the clutch disk 12, which is fixedly connected to the gear wheel 4. The gear shift shaft 5 is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the gear wheel 4 via the shift sleeve carrier 1 and the shift sleeve 2, whereby the gear associated with the gear wheel 4 is engaged. During a shifting movement of the shift sleeve 2 into the shift position, the shift sleeve 2 initially carries the locking elements 8 engaged in the locking recesses 11 longitudinally and moves the locking elements 8 toward the outer synchronizer ring 13 of the group 7. A pre-synchronization process is introduced.

The shifting sleeve 2, which continues to move in the direction of the clutch teeth 12a, forces the cover 10 of the pressure piece 9, which is supported on the outer synchronizing ring 13, out of the locking recess 11. The cover 10 is here elastically compressed radially against the force of a spring 15 that pretensions the cover 10 against the base part 14. When releasing the gear, shift sleeve 2 is moved from the position according to fig. 1b back into the neutral position according to fig. 1 a. In this case, the cover 10, which rests with pretensioning force against the shift sleeve 2, engages again in the locking recess 11.

Fig. 2 shows a locking element 8 according to the invention, which can be arranged in a synchronization device according to fig. 3. Having a basin-shaped bottom part 14 and a lid 10. The spring 15, which is embodied as a helical compression spring, can be compressed along the spring axis 18 and is supported on the one hand by its first spring end at the base part 14 at the base point 27 and by its other spring end on a locking contour 29 in the form of the curvature 20 of the cover 10. For centering and guiding the spring 15, a pin-shaped projection 34 is furthermore provided.

For introducing the presynchronization, the cover 10 has a collar 21, by means of which the outer synchronizing ring 13 can be loaded in each case. In case of non-synchronization, the synchronizer ring 13 applies a counter force to the cover 10. If it is attempted to continue moving the shift sleeve 2 before the synchronization process is ended, then a force acts on the cover 10, which force is angled in the direction of the spring axis 18, so that the cover 10 starts to tilt.

The lid 10 has a rounding section 16 according to fig. 2. The rounded section 16 ensures that the base part 14 is always pressed against it via the convex surface during tilting. Due to the spherical design of the rounding section 16, the lid 10 rolls on the base part 14 independently of the inclination when the force acting obliquely from the outside on the lid 10 is removed. During the resetting, initially no higher support torques need to be overcome. The wear between the cover 10 and the wall 22 is thus significantly reduced.

The bottom part 14 has a substantially rectangular base surface, from which two side walls 25, 26, which are arranged opposite one another, extend and are bent radially at 90 ° from the bottom part. The first side wall 25 forms an inclined stop 28 for the lid 10. The tilting stop 28 has a radial height such that the cover 10, when elastically compressed by a diagonally introduced force, stops against said tilting stop before the spring 15 latches or exceeds the permissible tilting gap. In this regard, in the unloaded state, the tilt stop 28 is spaced apart from the cover 10 and is arranged radially between the base point 27 of the spring 15 and the locking contour 29 of the cover 10. The maximum permissible tilting play can therefore be preset by means of the radial height of the first side wall 25.

The second side wall 26 ensures, on the one hand, that only an inclination in the axial direction is possible, and on the other hand it guides the cover 10 through the wall 22 upon elastic compression. Said second side wall thus protrudes radially further than the first side wall 25.

Fig. 4 and 5 show a synchronization device 24 in which the tilting stop 28 is not provided in the locking element 8 but is formed by the shift sleeve carrier 1. For this purpose, the shift sleeve carrier has a receptacle 32 for the locking device 8. The receptacle 32 is arranged radially outside and divides the outer toothing 30 of the shift sleeve carrier 1 into different toothing sections. Axially on the end side, a base formed in one piece with the shift sleeve carrier 1 is provided in the receptacle 32. The base is advantageously produced in one piece with the shift sleeve carrier. The base likewise forms a tilting stop 28 which is spaced apart from the cover 10 in the unloaded state by an external force and is arranged radially between the base point 27 of the spring 15 and the support point of the spring 15 in a locking contour 29 of the cover 10. The base now simultaneously forms an axial stop for the locking element 8.

List of reference numerals:

1 Shift adapter Carrier

2 Shift adapter sleeve

3-gear

4-gear

5 Transmission shaft

6 first group of synchronizer rings

7 second group synchronizer ring

8 locking element

9 pressure piece

10 cover

11 locking recess

12 clutch disc

12a Clutch teeth

13 outer synchronizing ring

14 bottom part

15 spring

16 radius section

17 guide surface

18 spring axis

19 -

20 arch part

21 Flange

22 wall part

23 Transmission component

24 synchronizer

25 first side wall

26 second side wall

27 nadir point

28 tilt stop

29 locking profile

30 external tooth part

31 end wall

32 accommodating part

33 internal tooth part