阅读说明：本技术 一种利用光协同压电催化高效降解染料废水的方法 (Method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis ) 是由 郭星仪 刘智勇 徐帅昌 张安 于 2020-07-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种利用光协同压电催化高效降解染料废水的方法,在BaTiO<Sub>3</Sub>粉体表面包覆BiVO<Sub>4</Sub>纳米颗粒,BaTiO<Sub>3</Sub>粉体在振动环境下由于压电效应表面会产生力生电荷,BiVO<Sub>4</Sub>纳米颗粒在可见光下可以诱导出光生电荷；BaTiO<Sub>3</Sub>/BiVO<Sub>4</Sub>压电/半导体复合材料在协同可见光和超声振动作用下,会产生增强的催化活性,可加快染料废水的降解,在60min内降解效率高达98％。本发明在于可见光协同压电催化,在废水处理领域有广阔的应用前景,且制备工艺简单,适合工业化生产。(The invention discloses a method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis, which is carried out on BaTiO 3 BiVO coated on surface of powder 4 Nanoparticles of BaTiO 3 The powder can generate force-generated charges, BiVO, on the surface due to piezoelectric effect in vibration environment 4 The nano particles can induce photo-generated charges under visible light; BaTiO 2 3 /BiVO 4 The piezoelectric/semiconductor composite material can generate enhanced catalytic activity under the synergistic effect of visible light and ultrasonic vibration, can accelerate the degradation of dye wastewater, and has the degradation efficiency of 98% within 60 min. The invention has the advantages of visible light cooperated with piezoelectric catalysis, wide application prospect in the field of wastewater treatment, simple preparation process and suitability for industrial production.)

1. A method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

1) weighing a certain amount of BaTiO₃Powder with the particle diameter of 200-₃)₃·5H₂O and x parts of NH₄VO₃Wherein x is 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7;

2) separately weighing the weighed Bi (NO)₃)₃·5H₂O in dilute nitric acid, NH₄VO₃Dissolving in distilled water (Bi: V ═ 1:1) for synthesizing BaTiO₃/BiVO₄A composite material;

3) and mixing BaTiO₃Pouring in NH₄VO₃Continuously stirring the solution by ultrasonic; then adding Bi (NO)₃)₃Slowly pouring the solution into the mixed solution, reacting at constant temperature, adjusting the pH value to 7-8, filtering the precipitate after the reaction is finished, and drying the precipitate for later use;

4) calcining the precipitate to obtain BaTiO₃/BiVO₄Composite powder;

5) polarizing the composite powder;

6) and detecting the degraded solution by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer in cooperation with visible light and ultrasonic vibration catalysis, and calculating to obtain the degradation efficiency.

2. The method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the constant temperature in the step 3) is 50-60 ℃.

3. The method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the step 4), the calcination temperature of the precipitate is 350-500 ℃, and the calcination heat preservation time is 2-24 h.

4. The method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the composite powder in the step 5) is polarized for 15min, and the polarization electric field is 0.5 kV-3 kV.

5. The method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and 6) in the step 6), simulating visible light by using a xenon lamp to irradiate the catalyst while carrying out ultrasonic vibration catalysis.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis.

Background

The rapid development of the human society at present, the environmental pollution problem is more serious, and the search for an effective method for solving the problem is urgent. The presence of large amounts of colored organic compounds in water, such as dye waste water discharged from textile, printed matter, food or other industries, can cause serious environmental pollution problems. Most dyes are chemically stable because of their high solubility in water, making the development of practical wastewater treatment processes relatively difficult. Various physical, chemical and biological treatment methods have been used to date to remove colored organic compounds from industrial wastewater. The method for treating dye wastewater by using a physical technology, such as activated carbon adsorption, filtration and the like, only means that a dye is transferred from a liquid phase to a solid phase, and secondary pollution is easily caused. Biological methods cannot be applied to most types of dye wastewater due to the toxicity of the organisms that are the stability of modern dyes. The main disadvantage of chemical methods is that the catalytic material can only be used once, but not recycled.

The nano-structure piezoelectric material can directly obtain mechanical energy from weak environmental vibration (such as water flow and sound wave) to generate electricity, so that the nano-structure piezoelectric material can be used in the field of sewage treatment and can degrade harmful pollutants through an in-situ piezoelectric chemical reaction process. Xu et al prepared Ba by hydrothermally assisted sol-gel_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃The pyroelectric catalytic performance of the nano piezoelectric powder is researched by carrying out thermal cycle in a water bath between 298K and 323K (X.Xu, L.Xiao, Y.Jea, Z.Wu, F.Wang, Y.Wang, N.O.Haugen, H.Huang.pyro-catalytic hydrogen evolution by Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃nanoparticles:harvesting cold-hot alternation energy near room-temperature,Energy Environ.Sci.,2018,11:2198-2207.)。

BiVO₄The material has good visible light catalytic performance, Wetchakun and the likeBy combining a homogeneous precipitation method and a hydrothermal method, a bismuth vanadate/cerium dioxide nano composite material serving as a visible light catalyst is successfully prepared, and the influence of the absorption range and band gap energy of the photocatalyst on the photocatalytic performance is researched. Under visible light radiation, BiVO4/CeO2 nano composite material with the concentration of 0.6:0.4mol/L has higher photocatalytic activity on dye wastewater. (n.watchakun, s.chaiwichain, b.inceensungvorn, k.pingmung, s.phanichphant, a.i.minett, j.chen.bivo₄/CeO₂nanocomposites with high visible-light-induced photocatalyticactivity,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces,2012,7:3718–3723.)

In the invention, BaTiO is mixed with₃Surface of powder and BiVO₄The performance of catalyzing and degrading the dye wastewater is improved by combining the piezoelectric catalysis and the photocatalysis. On one hand, BiVO is realized by controlling the temperature of reaction water₄In BaTiO₃The surface deposition is more uniform, and the excellent photocatalytic performance is shown; on the other hand, the surface was covered with BiVO₄The nanoparticles can block BaTiO₃The composite of positive and negative charges is generated under the action of vibration, and the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic is further enhanced. The combination of the two can improve the degradation rate (50-98%) of the dye wastewater.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that: provides a method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis, which is implemented by using BaTiO₃BiVO compounded on surface of piezoelectric powder₄The nano particles can obviously improve the efficiency of the catalytic degradation of the dye wastewater.

The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a method for efficiently degrading dye wastewater by utilizing light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis comprises the following steps:

1) weighing a certain amount of BaTiO₃Powder with the particle diameter of 200-₃)₃·5H₂O and x parts of NH₄VO₃Wherein x is 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7;

2) separately weighing the weighed Bi (NO)₃)₃·5H₂O in dilute nitric acid, NH₄VO₃Dissolving in distilled water (Bi: V ═ 1:1) for synthesizing BaTiO₃/BiVO₄A composite material;

3) and mixing BaTiO₃Pouring in NH₄VO₃Continuously stirring the solution by ultrasonic; then adding Bi (NO)₃)₃Slowly pouring the solution into the mixed solution, reacting at constant temperature, adjusting the pH value to 7-8, filtering the precipitate after the reaction is finished, and drying the precipitate for later use;

4) calcining the precipitate to obtain BaTiO₃/BiVO₄Composite powder;

5) polarizing the composite powder;

6) and detecting the degraded solution by using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer in cooperation with visible light and ultrasonic vibration catalysis, and calculating to obtain the degradation efficiency.

Preferably, the constant temperature in the step 3) is 50-60 ℃.

Preferably, the calcination temperature of the precipitate in the step 4) is 350-500 ℃, and the calcination heat preservation time is 2-24 h.

Preferably, the composite powder in the step 5) is polarized for 15min, and the polarization electric field is 0.5kV to 3 kV.

Preferably, in the step 6), a xenon lamp is used for simulating visible light to irradiate the catalyst while the catalyst is vibrated and catalyzed by ultrasonic.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the invention provides a view of improving the efficiency of catalyzing and degrading organic pollutants by visible light in cooperation with piezoelectric catalysis.

(2) The invention is realized by applying piezoelectric BaTiO₃BiVO compounded on powder surface₄Nanoparticles, build a piezoelectric/semiconductor heterojunction to enhance catalytic performance.

(3) According to the invention, the piezoelectric powder is polarized, so that the nano micro domains are arranged along a certain direction, and an internal electric field is constructed in the sample, thereby being beneficial to the separation of the force generation/photo-generated electron hole pairs and further improving the catalytic efficiency.

In conclusion, the preparation process is simple, convenient, economic and reasonable, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, and has important significance for improving the aspects of catalytic degradation of dye wastewater and the like.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 shows BaTiO₃/BiVO₄Schematic diagram of catalytic degradation.

FIG. 2 shows BaTiO of example 1₃/BiVO₄XRD of the catalyst.

FIG. 3 is UV data for different catalytic times for example 1.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, so that how to implement the technical means for solving the technical problems and achieving the technical effects of the present invention can be fully understood and implemented.