阅读说明：本技术 一种黏胶法提取丝瓜纤维素纤维的方法 (Method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fiber by viscose method ) 是由 何建设 于 2020-08-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种黏胶法提取丝瓜纤维素纤维的方法,包括以下步骤：除渣、粉碎、脱胶、蒸煮、漂白、酸处理、抄造、压榨、粉碎、老成、磺化、研磨、溶解、过滤、脱泡、过滤、纺丝、牵伸、切断、后处理、干燥和打包,脱胶工艺采用的是生物-化学联合脱胶法：(1)生物脱胶：向预水煮-浸酸-水洗后的丝瓜络中加入生物酶,进行生物脱胶,脱胶过程中控制生物酶浓度为6-16g/L,pH值3-5,温度50-70℃,时间4-11小时,浴比1：15-1:25；(2)化学脱胶：将步骤(1)所得丝瓜络水洗-打纤后,进行碱煮,碱煮条件为NaOH 10-20g/L,浴比1：15-1：25,时间4-6小时,优点是废水少,产品质量佳。(The invention discloses a method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fibers by a viscose method, which comprises the following steps: deslagging, crushing, degumming, cooking, bleaching, acid treatment, papermaking, squeezing, crushing, ageing, sulfonation, grinding, dissolving, filtering, defoaming, filtering, spinning, drafting, cutting, post-treatment, drying and packaging, wherein the degumming process adopts a biological-chemical combined degumming method: (1) biological degumming: adding biological enzyme into the loofah sponge subjected to pre-water boiling, pickling and water washing for biological degumming, wherein the concentration of the biological enzyme is controlled to be 6-16g/L, the pH value is controlled to be 3-5, the temperature is 50-70 ℃, the time is 4-11 hours, and the bath ratio is 1: 15-1: 25; (2) chemical degumming: washing and beating the loofah sponge obtained in the step (1), and then, carrying out alkali boiling under the conditions of 10-20g/L of NaOH and 1: 15-1:25 hours to 6 hours, has the advantages of less waste water and good product quality.)

1. A method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fiber by a viscose method comprises the following steps: deslagging, crushing, degumming, stewing, bleaching, acid treatment, papermaking, squeezing, crushing, ageing, sulfonation, grinding, dissolving, filtering, defoaming, filtering, spinning, drafting, cutting, post-treatment, drying and packaging, and is characterized in that the degumming process adopts a biological-chemical combined degumming method:

(1) biological degumming: adding biological enzyme into the loofah sponge subjected to pre-water boiling, pickling and water washing for biological degumming, wherein the concentration of the biological enzyme is controlled to be 6-16g/L, the pH value is controlled to be 3-5, the temperature is 50-70 ℃, the time is 4-11 hours, and the bath ratio is 1: 15-1: 25;

(2) chemical degumming: washing and beating the loofah sponge obtained in the step (1), and then, carrying out alkali boiling under the conditions of NaOH10-20g/L and bath ratio of 1: 15-1:25, the time is 4-6 hours.

2. The method for extracting loofah cellulose fibers by using a viscose method according to claim 1, wherein the cooking process comprises the following steps: adopting a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 25%, wherein the feed liquid mass ratio is 1: 3, the temperature rise time is 1.5 hours, the heat preservation temperature is 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours.

3. The method for extracting loofah cellulose fibers by using a viscose method according to claim 1, wherein the bleaching process comprises the following steps: bleaching powder with the mass concentration of 20-25% is adopted, and the treatment time is 1 hour at the temperature of 40 ℃.

4. The method for extracting loofah cellulose fibers by using a viscose method according to claim 1, wherein the acid treatment process comprises: treating with 20-25 wt% acid solution at room temperature for 1 hr.

5. The method for extracting loofah cellulose fibers by using a viscose method according to claim 1, wherein the pressing process comprises the following steps: 30% of alpha fiber and 14% of sodium hydroxide.

6. The method for extracting loofah cellulose fiber by using viscose method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adopted by the aging process is 16 ℃.

7. The method for extracting loofah cellulose fibers by using a viscose method according to claim 1, wherein the sulfonation process comprises the following steps: the addition of carbon disulfide is 30 percent of the first fiber, the time is 1.5 hours, and the final sulfonation temperature is 30 ℃.

8. The method for extracting loofah cellulose fibers by using a viscose method according to claim 1, wherein the acid bath in the spinning process comprises: 120g/L of sulfuric acid, 270g/L of sodium sulfate and 10g/L of zinc sulfate, and the temperature is 50 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fibers, in particular to a method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fibers by a viscose method.

Background

Conventional cellulose dissolution methods include the viscose method, the cuprammonium method and the acetic acid method. Viscose production has the following disadvantages: harmful gas can be produced in the production process, the produced gas can lead the fiber to be unstable in spinning quality, and then a coordination compound is formed by a solution prepared by copper hydroxide and ammonia water and cellulose, so that the cellulose can be effectively dissolved, but the cellulose has stronger destructiveness on the polymerization degree of the cellulose, and the environmental pollution is particularly serious. Currently, the viscosity of a cellulose-cuprammonium solution with a fixed concentration is mostly used for measuring the polymerization degree of the material cellulose. The acetic acid method utilizes acetic anhydride to acetylate cellulose to prepare cellulose products. Is mainly used for the filter material of the cigarette, has no pollution to the environment and has poor mechanical property.

Currently, the most studied cellulose solvent systems are classified into two major types, namely, aqueous cellulose solvents and non-aqueous cellulose solvents. The cellulose solvent of the aqueous system comprises inorganic acids, inorganic alkalis, strong acid and weak alkali salts and organic alkalis. The inorganic acid can effectively dissolve cellulose, but the inorganic acid has strong oxidizing property and can not obtain a cellulose solution with high polymerization degree due to too strong degradation effect on the cellulose, and meanwhile, the organic acid corrodes instruments and equipment and needs to design special corrosion-resistant equipment. Aqueous solutions of inorganic bases, such as sodium hydroxide, may have a relatively weak dissolving effect on cellulose. Most of the cellulose is swelled under the action of alkaline solvent, and the cellulose is more applied to the mercerization process of the cellulose. Salts of strong acids and weak bases, e.g. ZnCl₂The zinc ion has a certain dissolving capacity on cellulose, but has a poor dissolving capacity on cellulose with high polymerization degree, and zinc ions are difficult to recover, so that the environment is influenced if the zinc ion is not treated. The best known organic base solvent is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide. The lyocell has strong dissolving capacity and high solubility to cellulose, can be prepared into tencel with performance far higher than that of viscose fiber through spinning, but has higher cost and higher requirement on recovery equipment. Meanwhile, the recovery rate of the N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide is very high.

The non-aqueous system solvent comprises Li Cl/DMAC system and NH₃/NH₄SCN systems and ionic solution systems. Among them, LiCl/DMAC disperses macromolecules in a solvent by breaking and binding hydrogen bonds between cellulose macromolecules, but is sensitive to oxygen in the environment. NH (NH)₄The SCN solvent system has low price and can better protect the cellulose. But the links of freezing and unfreezing are not beneficial to the industrialized production in the manufacturing process. The research of which the academia is concerned at present is the dissolution property of the ionic liquid as a solvent of cellulose to different fiber materials. The ionic liquid has the characteristic of environmental friendliness because no derivative is generated during the reaction, but the use ring of the ionic liquidThe environment is generally harsh, the adverse effect on cellulose is also generated, and the use of the ionic liquid is still in a laboratory stage due to the manufacturing cost and the recovery difficulty of the organic solvent.

Along with the attention of people to the environmental problems and the ecological requirements on textiles, the natural fiber is paid more attention to the environmental pollution and the affinity to human skin, and the green environmental protection property of the loofah sponge fiber is favored by people. For loofah sponge viscose fiber, the common preparation technology is adopted, and the preparation technology comprises the processes of deslagging, crushing, degumming, stewing, bleaching, acid treatment, papermaking, squeezing, crushing, ageing, sulfonating, grinding, dissolving, filtering, defoaming, filtering, spinning, drafting, cutting, post-treatment, drying, packaging and the like. In particular, the conventional chemical degumming technology is adopted in the degumming process, so that more waste water is generated in the production process, the product quality is poor, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fibers by a viscose method, which has less wastewater and good product quality.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fiber by a viscose method comprises the following steps: deslagging, crushing, degumming, cooking, bleaching, acid treatment, papermaking, squeezing, crushing, ageing, sulfonation, grinding, dissolving, filtering, defoaming, filtering, spinning, drafting, cutting, post-treatment, drying and packaging, wherein the degumming process adopts a biological-chemical combined degumming method:

(1) biological degumming: adding biological enzyme into the loofah sponge subjected to pre-water boiling, pickling and water washing for biological degumming, wherein the concentration of the biological enzyme is controlled to be 6-16g/L, the pH value is controlled to be 3-5, the temperature is 50-70 ℃, the time is 4-11 hours, and the bath ratio is 1: 15-1: 25;

(2) chemical degumming: washing and beating the loofah sponge obtained in the step (1), and then, carrying out alkali boiling under the conditions of NaOH10-20g/L and bath ratio of 1: 15-1:25, the time is 4-6 hours.

The cooking process comprises the following steps: adopting a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 25%, wherein the feed liquid mass ratio is 1: 3, the temperature rise time is 1.5 hours, the heat preservation temperature is 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 3 hours.

The bleaching process comprises the following steps: bleaching powder with the mass concentration of 20-25% is adopted, and the treatment time is 1 hour at the temperature of 40 ℃.

The acid treatment process comprises the following steps: treating with 20-25 wt% acid solution at room temperature for 1 hr.

The squeezing process comprises the following steps: 30% of alpha fiber and 14% of sodium hydroxide.

The temperature adopted by the ageing process is 16 ℃.

The sulfonation process comprises the following steps: the addition of carbon disulfide is 30 percent of the first fiber, the time is 1.5 hours, and the final sulfonation temperature is 30 ℃.

The acid bath solution in the spinning process comprises the following components: 120g/L of sulfuric acid, 270g/L of sodium sulfate and 10g/L of zinc sulfate, and the temperature is 50 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the invention relates to a method for extracting towel gourd cellulose fiber by a viscose method, which comprises the following steps: the dry breaking strength is 2.54CN/dtex, the wet breaking strength is 1.46CN/dtex, the dry breaking elongation is 20.4 percent, the linear density deviation rate is plus 0.72 percent, the length deviation rate is minus 2.5 percent, the super-long fiber is 0.4 percent, the double-length fiber is 3.5mg/100g, the residual sulfur content is 7.6mg/100g, the defect is 3mg/100g, the dry strength variation coefficient is 12.4 percent, the whiteness is 77.4 percent, and the moisture regain is 11.4 percent.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.