阅读说明：本技术 一种具有金属闪烁效果的陶瓷砖及其制备方法 (Ceramic tile with metal flickering effect and preparation method thereof ) 是由 史杰 刘俊荣 于 2020-07-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种具有金属闪烁效果的陶瓷砖及其制备方法,属于建筑陶瓷技术领域,其结构自下而上包括坯体层、面釉层、图案装饰层和表面装饰层；所述表面装饰层为分散有碳化硅颗粒的透明釉层。所述制备方法容易实施,通过在图案装饰上施加烧制后能变为透明釉层的表面装饰层,并在表面装饰层中引入碳化硅颗粒,陶瓷砖烧制后,表面装饰层中的碳化硅颗粒经过高温氧化后无明显反应,产品经过抛光处理后陶瓷砖表面仍然具有类似金属的金属闪烁效果,其装饰效果与天然石材接近。同时,制备出的陶瓷砖表面硬度高,耐磨性能优异,并且耐化学腐蚀性能稳定。(The invention discloses a ceramic tile with metal flickering effect and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building ceramics, and the structure of the ceramic tile comprises a blank layer, a cover glaze layer, a pattern decorative layer and a surface decorative layer from bottom to top; the surface decoration layer is a transparent glaze layer dispersed with silicon carbide particles. The preparation method is easy to implement, the surface decoration layer which can become the transparent glaze layer after being fired is applied on the pattern decoration, the silicon carbide particles are introduced into the surface decoration layer, after the ceramic tile is fired, the silicon carbide particles in the surface decoration layer do not have obvious reaction after being oxidized at high temperature, the surface of the ceramic tile after being polished still has metal scintillation effect similar to that of natural stone, and the decoration effect is close to that of the natural stone. Meanwhile, the prepared ceramic tile has high surface hardness, excellent wear resistance and stable chemical corrosion resistance.)

1. A ceramic tile with metal scintillation effect is characterized in that the ceramic tile structurally comprises a blank layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern decorative layer and a surface decorative layer from bottom to top; the surface decoration layer is a transparent glaze layer dispersed with silicon carbide particles.

2. The ceramic tile with metal scintillation effect of claim 1, characterized in that the silicon carbide particles are hexagonal crystals with a particle size of 30-200 meshes and a purity of 95% or more.

3. The ceramic tile with metal glitter effect of claim 1, wherein the surface decoration layer comprises a carrier layer formed by applying any one of transparent dry grain, transparent dry grain glaze or full-polished glaze on the pattern decoration layer and silicon carbide particles dispersed on the carrier layer; the transparent dry particle glaze comprises the transparent dry particles, a suspending agent and water; silicon carbide particles are added to the carrier layer in an amount of 0.5-5% by dry particle weight or by the weight of the fully glazed dry powder.

4. The ceramic tile with metal glitter effect of claim 3, wherein the full glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight:

15-30 parts of potash feldspar, 5-20 parts of albite, 8-12 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 6-10 parts of barium carbonate, 13-18 parts of calcite, 6-10 parts of dolomite, 2-6 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of zinc oxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of alumina.

5. The ceramic tile with metal glitter effect of claim 4, wherein the full glaze further comprises the following additives in parts by weight:

0.15 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.35 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 38 parts of water.

6. The ceramic tile with metal glitter effect of claim 3, wherein the transparent dry glaze particles have a ratio of transparent dry particles: water: the weight ratio of the suspending agent is 1 (0.25-0.35): (0.45-0.55).

7. The ceramic tile with metal flickering effect as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transparent dry granules have a particle size of 30-250 meshes, and the composition of the transparent dry granules in parts by weight is as follows:

SiO₂50-55 parts of Al₂O₃15-20 parts of K₂O4-8 parts, Na₂1-4 parts of O, 6-8 parts of CaO, 3-4 parts of SrO and ZnO₂5 parts of CaF₂1 part.

8. A method for preparing ceramic tiles with metal glitter effect according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pressing and molding the green body layer through a press, and drying the green body layer in a drying kiln; the drying temperature of the blank layer is 120-200 ℃;

(2) applying a surface glaze on the surface of the dried blank layer to form a surface glaze layer; the thickness of the overglaze layer is 0.2-0.6 mm;

(3) decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern decoration layer; the thickness of the pattern decorative layer is 0.1-0.5 mm;

(4) applying a surface decoration layer dispersed with the silicon carbide particles on the surface of the pattern decoration layer; the thickness of the surface decorative layer is 0.5-2 mm;

(5) firing the green body layer with the surface decoration layer in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1160-;

(6) and polishing the transparent glaze layer on the surface of the fired ceramic tile semi-finished product to obtain the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect on the surface.

9. The method for preparing ceramic tile with metal glittering effect of claim 8, wherein the drying time of the green body layer in step (1) is 15-20 min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of architectural ceramics, in particular to a ceramic tile with a metal flickering effect and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The surface of the crystal-polished and glaze-polished products produced at present is covered with a layer of glass glaze layer which is uniform and transparent throughout, and the decorative effect is relatively simple. However, the surface of the common natural stone material has some crystal particles, and the metal scintillation effect of the star point is shown. When the existing ceramic enterprises imitate the natural stone, mica sheets, gold sand dry particles, alloy particles and other materials are doped in the glaze slip to simulate the metal flickering effect on the surface of the natural stone.

However, when mica sheets, gold sand dry particles and alloy particles are doped into glaze to imitate natural stone, more problems can occur: (1) the mica sheet is not resistant to high temperature, most mica can lose luster in the firing process of the ceramic tile, black spots can appear on a glaze layer after firing, and the decorative effect of the product is reduced. Meanwhile, the mica sheet is flaky and relatively low, and is not easy to be uniformly mixed with glaze when the glaze is mixed. (2) When the alloy particles mixed in the glaze slip are sintered at high temperature, black oxides are formed on the surfaces of the alloy particles. Only the alloy particles floating on the surface of the glaze layer can remove black oxides on the surface during the polishing treatment in the later period to form metal scintillation particles, and the alloy particles which cannot be removed in the middle of the glaze layer become black spots, so that the decorative effect of the product is reduced. (3) The gold sand dry particles are added into the glaze, so that the glossiness of the glaze is improved, similar metal effects are formed by different bright and matte contrasts of the gold sand dry particles and the glass glaze layer, the metal effects are mainly specular reflection, and the metal flickering effects are different from the multi-angle metal flickering effects of crystals on the surface of real stone materials and are not good enough.

Therefore, the prior art needs to be improved and improved in terms of the metal glittering effect of the surface of the natural stone imitated by the ceramic tile.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a ceramic tile with a metal flickering effect and a preparation method thereof, and overcomes the defect of the existing ceramic tile in imitating the metal flickering effect on the surface of a natural stone.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a ceramic tile with metal flickering effect comprises a body layer, a cover glaze layer, a pattern decorative layer and a surface decorative layer from bottom to top; the surface decoration layer is a transparent glaze layer dispersed with silicon carbide particles.

In the ceramic tile with the metal scintillation effect, the silicon carbide particles are hexagonal crystals with the particle size of 30-200 meshes and the purity of more than or equal to 95%.

In the ceramic tile with the metal scintillation effect, the surface decoration layer comprises a carrier layer formed by applying any one of transparent dry grains, transparent dry grain glaze or full polished glaze on the pattern decoration layer and silicon carbide particles dispersed on the carrier layer; the transparent dry particle glaze comprises the transparent dry particles, a suspending agent and water; silicon carbide particles are added to the carrier layer in an amount of 0.5-5% by weight of the transparent dry particles or the total weight of the glaze-polishing dry powder.

In the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect, the full-polished glaze comprises the following components in parts by weight:

15-30 parts of potash feldspar, 5-20 parts of albite, 8-12 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 6-10 parts of barium carbonate, 13-18 parts of calcite, 6-10 parts of dolomite, 2-6 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of zinc oxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of alumina.

In the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect, the full-polished glaze further comprises the following additives in parts by weight:

0.15 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.35 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 38 parts of water.

In the ceramic tile with metal flickering effect, in the transparent dry grain glaze, transparent dry grains: water: the weight ratio of the suspending agent is 1 (0.25-0.35): (0.45-0.55)

In the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect, the particle size of the transparent dry particles is 30-250 meshes, and the transparent dry particles are calculated by weight parts:

SiO₂50-55 parts of Al₂O₃15-20 parts of K₂O4-8 parts, Na₂1-4 parts of O, 6-8 parts of CaO, 3-4 parts of SrO and ZnO₂5 parts of CaF₂1 part.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect, which comprises the following steps:

(1) pressing and molding the green body layer through a press, and drying the green body layer in a drying kiln; the drying temperature of the blank layer is 120-200 ℃;

(2) Applying a surface glaze on the surface of the dried blank layer to form a surface glaze layer; the thickness of the overglaze layer is 0.2-0.6 mm;

(3) decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern decoration layer; the thickness of the pattern decorative layer is 0.1-0.5 mm;

(4) applying a surface decoration layer dispersed with the silicon carbide particles on the surface of the pattern decoration layer; the thickness of the surface decorative layer is 0.5-2 mm;

(5) firing the ceramic green brick with the surface decorative layer in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1160-;

(6) and polishing the transparent glaze layer on the surface of the fired ceramic tile semi-finished product to obtain the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect on the surface.

In the preparation method of the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect, the drying time of the blank layer in the step (1) is 15-20 min.

Has the advantages that:

the invention provides a ceramic tile with metal scintillation effect and a preparation method thereof, wherein a surface decoration layer which can become a transparent glaze layer after being fired is applied on a pattern decoration, and silicon carbide particles are introduced into the surface decoration layer, after the ceramic tile is fired, the silicon carbide particles in the surface decoration layer do not have obvious reaction after being subjected to high-temperature oxidation, and crystal particles can still reflect and refract a light source, so that the surface of the ceramic tile after being polished still has metal scintillation effect similar to metal, and the decoration effect of the ceramic tile is close to that of natural stone. Meanwhile, the surface decoration layer doped with silicon carbide particles has the hardness of 4 grades and the wear resistance of 3 grades and 1500 revolutions; the chemical corrosion resistance and stability are stable, the surface of the ceramic tile can resist low-concentration acid and low-concentration alkali to reach GLA level, the surface of the ceramic tile can resist high-concentration acid and high-concentration alkali to reach GHA level, and the surface of the ceramic tile can resist household chemical reagents and swimming pool salts to reach GA level.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of ceramic tiles with metal glitter effect according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention provides a ceramic tile with metal flickering effect and a preparation method thereof, and in order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the invention clearer and clearer, the invention is further described in detail below by referring to the attached drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in figure 1, the ceramic tile with metal flickering effect comprises a body layer, a surface glaze layer, a pattern decoration layer and a surface decoration layer from bottom to top; the surface decoration layer is a transparent glaze layer dispersed with silicon carbide particles.

The preparation raw materials of the silicon carbide particles mainly comprise quartz sand, petroleum coke (or coal coke) and wood dust; the raw materials are put into a resistance furnace for high-temperature smelting, the smelting temperature range is 2500-. The silicon carbide crystal is subjected to the working procedures of classification, coarse crushing, fine crushing, chemical treatment, drying, screening and magnetic separation to obtain silicon carbide particles with the required purity of more than 95 percent and the particle size of 30-200 meshes, and the silicon carbide particles are used as a scintillator and added into the surface decorative layer.

The refractive index of a silicon carbide crystal is very high, and among these, a hexagonal silicon carbide crystal (α -SiC)) generally has a refractive index of 3.217g/cm³Meanwhile, the silicon carbide has small expansion coefficient and is high-temperature resistant, so that silicon carbide particles are added into the surface decoration layer, and when the surface decoration layer is fired into the transparent glaze layer, the silicon carbide particles can still keep the stability of structure and performance, so that the fired transparent glaze layer can keep good metal flickering effect by virtue of the silicon carbide particles; in addition, because the silicon carbide crystal is a hexagonal crystal, multiple surfaces of the crystal particle can reflect and refract a light source, so that the crystal metal scintillation effect of the silicon carbide crystal is closer to that of the surface of natural stone.

Preferably, the surface decoration layer comprises a carrier layer formed by applying any one of transparent dry particles, transparent dry particle glaze or full polished glaze on the pattern decoration layer and silicon carbide particles dispersed on the carrier layer; silicon carbide particles are added to the carrier layer in an amount of 0.5-5% by weight of the transparent dry particles or the total weight of the glaze-polishing dry powder.

Specifically, when the carrier layer is a fully-polished glaze layer, the fully-polished glaze can be prepared according to the following parts by weight, but is not limited to the fully-polished glaze with the following formula:

15-30 parts of potash feldspar, 5-20 parts of albite, 8-12 parts of kaolin, 10-15 parts of calcined kaolin, 6-10 parts of barium carbonate, 13-18 parts of calcite, 6-10 parts of dolomite, 2-6 parts of calcined talc, 3-5 parts of zinc oxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of alumina;

Additive: 0.15 part of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 0.35 part of sodium tripolyphosphate and 38 parts of water.

The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose can adjust the viscosity of the glaze slip and ensure that the glaze slip is in a stable dispersion state; and the sodium tripolyphosphate can adjust the viscosity of the glaze slip and improve the thixotropy of the glaze slip. Through the synergistic effect of the auxiliary agents, the prepared full-glazed glaze has the best dispersity and thixotropy, and silicon carbide particles can be better dispersed in the full-glazed glaze after being uniformly stirred. After the full-polished glaze dispersed with silicon carbide particles is applied to the pattern decoration layer, the silicon carbide particles in the formed surface decoration layer can be uniformly distributed, and the metal flickering effect generated on the surface of the ceramic tile after being fired is uniformly distributed.

Specifically, when the carrier layer is a transparent dry-particle glaze layer, the transparent dry-particle glaze comprises a suspending agent, water and the transparent dry particles with the size of 60-250 meshes. Preferably, the dry grain glaze is prepared according to the following weight ratio, wherein the transparent dry grains: water: the weight ratio of the suspending agent is 1 (0.25-0.35): (0.45-0.55)

The dry grain glaze prepared according to the weight ratio has the best dispersion and suspension property of dry grains and silicon carbide grains in suspension liquid after being uniformly stirred. After the dry grain glaze is applied on the pattern decoration layer, the silicon carbide particles and the dry grains in the surface decoration layer can be uniformly distributed on the pattern decoration layer.

Specifically, when the carrier layer is formed by directly applying transparent dry particles on the pattern decoration layer, silicon carbide particles are directly added into the transparent dry particles according to 0.5-5% of the weight of the dry particles; the particle size of the transparent dry particles is 30-250 meshes, and the transparent dry particles can be directly applied on the pattern decorative layer after being uniformly mixed by a stirring machine.

Specifically, the transparent dry granules can be calculated by weight parts, but are not limited to the transparent dry granules with the following formula:

SiO₂50-55 parts; al (Al)₂O₃15-20 parts of a solvent; k₂4-8 parts of O; na (Na)₂1-4 parts of O; 6-8 parts of CaO; 3-4 parts of SrO; ZnO (zinc oxide)₂5 parts of a mixture; CaF₂1 part.

The initial melting temperature of the transparent dry particles obtained according to the composition is in the range of 1100-1140 ℃, and the dry particles with different initial melting temperatures obtained according to the composition can be combined and matched in the embodiment to be used in the transparent dry particle glaze or directly applied on the pattern decoration layer.

Referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing the ceramic tile with metal glittering effect includes the following steps:

(1) pressing and molding the green body layer through a press, and drying the green body layer in a drying kiln; the drying temperature of the blank layer is 120-200 ℃;

(2) applying a surface glaze on the surface of the dried blank layer to form a surface glaze layer; the thickness of the overglaze layer is 0.2-0.6 mm;

(3) Decorating patterns on the overglaze layer to form a pattern decoration layer; the thickness of the pattern decorative layer is 0.1-0.5 mm;

(4) applying a surface decoration layer dispersed with the silicon carbide particles on the surface of the pattern decoration layer; the thickness of the surface decorative layer is 0.5-2 mm;

(5) and firing the ceramic green brick with the surface decorative layer in a kiln at the firing temperature of 1160-.

(6) And polishing the transparent glaze layer on the surface of the fired ceramic tile semi-finished product to obtain the ceramic tile with the metal flickering effect on the surface.

Specifically, in the step (1), the pressure of the press is related to the size of the pressed ceramic tile product, and when the specification of the pressed green body layer is 800mm x 800mm, the pressure of the press is 2800 +/-300T; when the specification of the pressed blank layer is 900mm x 900mm, the pressure of the press is 3000 +/-300T; and when the specification of the pressed blank body layer is 900mm x 1800mm, the pressure of the press is 5500 +/-300T.

Specifically, in the step (2), the overglaze can be applied in a glaze spraying manner through a glaze spraying bell jar or in a glaze spraying manner through a glaze spraying machine. The overglaze is a common overglaze for the existing manufacturers and is used for covering the color of the blank body so as to better present the decorative effect of the pattern decorative layer and the surface decorative layer.

Specifically, the step (2) further comprises the step of removing dust on the surface of the blank before applying the overglaze. After the green body layer is pressed by the press, the green body residual materials introduced by a press die are easily adhered to the surface of the green body layer, and by carrying out dust removal treatment on the surface of the green body layer, when the green body layer is coated with glaze, the glaze defect can be reduced, and the stable quality of the product can be maintained.

Specifically, the pattern decoration layer can be printed or printed in the step (3) by means of screen printing, roller printing or inkjet printing.

Specifically, in the step (4), the surface decoration layer may be formed by applying the fully-polished glaze, the transparent dry-particle glaze or the transparent dry particles doped with the silicon carbide particles on the pattern decoration layer by means of glaze pouring, glaze spraying or dry-method cloth. Furthermore, when the formed surface decoration layer is a full-glazed layer, the surface decoration layer can be applied to the pattern decoration layer in a glaze spraying or glaze pouring mode; when the formed surface decorative layer is a transparent dry particle glaze layer, the surface decorative layer can be applied on the pattern decorative layer in a glaze pouring mode; and when the surface decorative layer is composed of dry-mixed transparent dry particles and silicon carbide particles, the surface decorative layer can be distributed on the pattern decorative layer by a dry particle distributing machine or a scraper type distributing machine.

Specifically, in the step (1), the drying time of the green body layer is 15-20 min. The green body layer is applied with glaze and other decorative layers before being fired in the kiln, and the ceramic green brick is dried by the drying kiln for a certain time, so that the moisture content of the green body layer is reduced, and the condition of brick frying in the firing process of the ceramic brick is avoided. However, the drying time of the blank cannot be too long, the blank contains more clay raw materials, and the blank layer is seriously shrunk and deformed due to long drying time.

Specifically, in the step (5), the firing time of the green body layer with the surface decorative layer in the kiln is 50-60min, so that the green body layer, the overglaze, the pattern and the surface decorative layer applied on the green body can have sufficient reaction time.

In the step (6), the polishing treatment includes rough polishing, middle polishing and fine polishing of the ceramic tile surface. The surface of the transparent glaze layer formed after the surface decoration layer doped with silicon carbide particles is fired at high temperature is hard, and in order to enable the surface of the hard transparent glaze layer to be easily polished, ensure that the polished brick surface is smooth and facilitate smooth middle polishing and fine polishing, preferably, in the embodiment, the number of rough polishing grinding blocks required by polishing treatment is more than that of grinding blocks required by middle polishing and fine polishing, wherein the number of grinding blocks required by rough polishing is 180-mesh and 400-mesh, the number of grinding blocks required by middle polishing is 600-mesh and 1000-mesh, and the number of grinding blocks required by fine polishing is 1200-mesh and 6000-mesh. Specifically, in a preferred embodiment, the mounting requirements of the grinding block groups in the polishing machine are shown in the following table, and the serial numbers shown in the table are the mounting numbers of the grinding block groups in the polishing machine.

According to the ceramic tile product prepared by the method, silicon carbide particles in the surface decoration layer do not react obviously after being oxidized at high temperature, the surface of the ceramic tile still has a metal scintillation effect similar to metal after the product is polished, and the decoration effect of the ceramic tile product is close to that of natural stone. Meanwhile, the surface decoration layer doped with silicon carbide particles has the hardness of 4 grades and the wear resistance of 3 grades and 1500 revolutions; the chemical corrosion resistance and stability are stable, the surface of the ceramic tile can resist low-concentration acid and low-concentration alkali to reach GLA level, the surface of the ceramic tile can resist high-concentration acid and high-concentration alkali to reach GHA level, and the surface of the ceramic tile can resist household chemical reagents and swimming pool salts to reach GA level.