Pre-tensioning method prestressed tendon quick-pulling-releasing cutting-free construction method and device
阅读说明：本技术 先张法预应力筋快速拉放免切施工方法及装置 (Pre-tensioning method prestressed tendon quick-pulling-releasing cutting-free construction method and device ) 是由 王家玉 姚斐 李懿 韩红星 张东山 于 2020-08-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于一种先张法预应力筋快速拉放免切施工方法及装置,包括前台座、后台座、模板和液压千斤顶,先张法预应力筋快速拉放免切施工装置还包括免切钢绞线、前长钢箱、后长钢箱、短钢箱和牵引咬合装置。方法包括在加工工厂完成免切钢绞线、前长钢箱、后长钢箱、短钢箱和牵引咬合装置的制备；安装前、后长钢箱和短钢箱及牵引咬合装；张拉施工等步骤。本发明能解决预应力筋张拉、锚固、放张过程中预应力损失问题,有提高预应力筋张拉施工质量,保证结构耐久性,省工省力、安全性好,效率高,施工进度快,钢绞线免切割无浪费的优点。(The invention belongs to a pretensioned prestressing tendon rapid pulling-releasing cutting-free construction method and a pretensioned prestressing tendon rapid pulling-releasing cutting-free construction device. The method comprises the steps of completing the preparation of a cutting-free steel strand, a front long steel box, a rear long steel box, a short steel box and a traction engagement device in a processing factory; installing a front long steel box and a rear long steel box and a short steel box and dragging and engaging the two boxes; and tensioning construction and the like. The invention can solve the problem of prestress loss in the process of stretching, anchoring and releasing the prestressed tendon, and has the advantages of improving the construction quality of stretching the prestressed tendon, ensuring the durability of the structure, saving labor and force, good safety, high efficiency, fast construction progress, no cutting of the steel strand and no waste.)
1. The utility model provides a pretensioning method prestressed tendons draws fast puts and exempts from to cut construction equipment, includes front pedestal, back pedestal, template and hydraulic jack, its characterized in that: the quick tensioning and releasing cutting-free construction device for the pretensioned prestressing tendons further comprises a cutting-free steel strand, a front long steel box, a rear long steel box, a short steel box and a traction engagement device.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the length of the non-cutting steel strand is the sum of the length of the non-cutting steel strand positioned in the prestressed concrete member after prestress is applied and the length of the non-cutting steel strand positioned on the two end faces of the concrete member in epitaxial design, and the two end parts of the non-cutting steel strand are provided with occlusion convex parts for clamping by the occlusion pincers.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the inner end face of the meshing convex part is a plane vertical to the axial direction of the steel strand, and the plane diameter of the meshing convex part is larger than the outer diameter of the steel strand.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the front and rear long steel boxes and the two short steel boxes are of a movable split independent structure, the rear end faces of the two short steel boxes are supported on supporting steel beam faces on two sides of the outer side of a cross rod slotted hole at the lower end of the front pedestal, two ends of the rear face of the front long steel box are respectively positioned at the front ends of the two short steel boxes distributed at intervals, a hydraulic jack is respectively arranged between the front end faces of the two short steel boxes and the corresponding rear end face of the front long steel box, and the rear end of the rear long steel box is supported on the outer side of the cross rod slotted hole at the lower end of the rear pedestal;
the front long steel box consists of a box shell, I-steel laminate plates, a base, lifting lugs, through holes and reinforcing steel plates, the cross section of the front long steel box is a rectangular frame body, a plurality of layers of I-steel laminate plates are arranged in the box shell at intervals from top to bottom, the peripheries of the I-steel laminate plates are respectively fixed with the inner side wall of the corresponding box shell into a whole, the base is arranged at the lower end of the box shell, a plurality of penetrating holes corresponding to the number of the steel strands in the prefabricated member are arranged in the middle of the rear box shell of the front long steel box corresponding to the length of the through rod slotted hole at the lower end of the front pedestal at intervals side by side, the space in the box shell corresponding to the penetration holes is a rod passing space, a reinforcing steel plate is arranged in the middle of the front end face of the box shell and is fixed in the middle of the front end face of the box shell through fixing bolts, a plurality of penetration holes are formed in the reinforcing steel plate and the corresponding front end face of the box shell corresponding to the penetration holes, and lifting lugs are arranged on the upper end face of the box shell;
the rear long steel box consists of a box shell, an I-shaped steel laminate, a base, lifting lugs, a through hole and a reinforcing steel plate;
the short steel box comprises box, layering steel sheet and lug, and the box is hollow rectangle casing, and several layers of layering steel sheet are the interval from top to bottom and set up at the incasement body, and the periphery of each layering steel sheet is fixed as an organic whole with the internal lateral wall of box that corresponds respectively, and the up end middle part of box is equipped with the lug.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the length of the front long steel box or the rear long steel box is greater than the sum of the width of a cross rod slotted hole at the lower end of the outer side of the pedestal and the width of the two short steel boxes.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the traction engagement device is composed of a traction rod, an engagement clamp positioned at one end of the traction rod and an adjusting and fixing nut member positioned at the other end of the traction rod, the traction rod is made of fine-rolled deformed steel, the engagement clamp is arranged at one end of the traction rod corresponding to the engagement convex part of the non-cutting steel strand, the outer peripheral wall of the other end of the traction rod is an external thread part, the adjusting and fixing nut member is a T-shaped circular truncated cone, the middle part of the adjusting and fixing nut member is an internal thread screw hole in threaded connection with the external thread part of the traction rod, and the outer side of the adjusting;
the end of the traction rod provided with the gripping tong end is provided with a shaft seat, the rear end of the fixed tong body is fixed on the shaft seat, the front end of the fixed tong body extends axially towards the traction rod and is vertically folded into the axial lead of the traction rod to form a gripping tong end, the middle part of the gripping tong end is provided with a semicircular groove, the rear end of the movable tong body is hinged on the shaft seat through the tong shaft, the front end of the movable tong body extends axially towards the traction rod and is vertically folded into the axial lead of the traction rod to form the gripping tong end, the middle part of the gripping tong end is provided with a semicircular groove, the middle parts of the movable and fixed tong bodies are correspondingly provided with screw holes, one end of a tong screw penetrates through the screw hole from the outer side of the fixed tong body and then penetrates out of the screw hole on the movable tong body, a gasket and a disc-shaped nut are arranged at the penetrating end of the tong screw, the fixed clamp body is clamped or opened.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the diameter of the semicircular groove in the middle of the end of the occluding forceps is the same as the outer diameter of the cutting-free steel strand.
8. A method for quick tension-release cut-free construction of a pretensioned tendon by using a device comprising the device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) the preparation of the cutting-free steel strand, the front long steel box, the rear long steel box, the short steel box and the traction engagement device is completed in a processing factory;
according to the length of the non-cutting steel strand in the designed pretensioned prestressed concrete member, the length of each non-cutting steel strand in each prestressed concrete member is cut and adapted, the length of each non-cutting steel strand is the sum of the length of the non-cutting steel strand positioned in the prestressed concrete member after prestress is applied and the length of the non-cutting steel strand positioned on the two end faces of the concrete member in an extending mode, meshing convex parts for clamping of a clamping clamp are prepared at the two end parts of each non-cutting steel strand, and the non-cutting steel strands positioned in the same concrete member according to the same length are classified into bundling labels;
the lengths of the front and rear long steel boxes are determined according to the width of the concrete member, and the structures of the front and rear long steel boxes are the same;
the prepared various cutting-free steel stranded wires, a front long steel box, a rear long steel box, two short steel boxes and a plurality of traction engagement devices are transported to a construction site prestressed concrete member factory;
(2) preparing front and back bases parallel to the width of each concrete member on two sides of a table top of a prestressed concrete member factory in a construction site;
(3) erecting a prefabricated member template on the table top of a concrete member according to the size of the prestressed concrete member, and arranging each non-cutting steel strand corresponding to the concrete member in the prefabricated member template, wherein the distance lengths of two ends of each arranged non-cutting steel strand outside two ends of the prefabricated member template after tensioning and stressing are the same;
(4) installing a rear long steel box: placing a rear long steel box on the outer side of a rear pedestal corresponding to a prefabricated member template on a concrete member table board by using a crane, jacking the rear end of the rear long steel box at the lower end of the outer side of the rear pedestal, respectively aligning each penetrating hole at the rear end of the rear long steel box with each non-cutting steel strand correspondingly in the prefabricated member template, taking a traction engagement device corresponding to the number of the non-cutting steel strands in the concrete member, taking down an adjusting fixing nut piece at the rear end of each traction rod, penetrating the rear end of each traction rod through a through rod slotted hole corresponding to the lower end of the rear pedestal, penetrating the penetrating hole at the rear end of the rear long steel box into a through rod space in a box shell, penetrating the front end of the rear long steel box from the corresponding penetrating hole, locating outside a reinforced steel plate, then respectively screwing with the adjusting fixing nut piece, locating the rear end of each adjusting fixing nut piece in the corresponding penetrating hole, clamping a T-shaped round platform body at the front end of each adjusting fixing nut piece outside the reinforced steel plate, clamping jaws at the front end of the traction rods tightly on the twisting convex, the disk nut of the clenching clamp is rotated to close the movable and fixed clamp bodies, the bite convex part of the cutting-free steel strand end is positioned at the inner end of the bite clamp end of the fixed and movable clamp bodies, the inner end of the bite clamp end of the fixed and movable clamp bodies supports the inner side plane of the bite convex part, and the corresponding cutting-free steel strand end penetrates out of the circular groove in the middle of the bite clamp end;
rotating each T-shaped circular truncated cone body to enable the adjusting fixing nut piece to move on the traction rod, and adjusting the length of the unified non-cutting steel strand end epitaxial prefabricated part template outside the corresponding end;
(5) long steel case and two short steel cases before the installation: the rear end faces of the two short steel boxes are propped against the supporting steel beam faces on two sides of the outer side of the through rod slotted hole at the lower end of the front pedestal, two ends of the rear face of the front long steel box are respectively positioned at the front ends of the two short steel boxes distributed at intervals, and a hydraulic jack is respectively arranged between the front end faces of the two short steel boxes and the rear end face of the corresponding front long steel box, so that the jacking rods of the hydraulic jacks can be jacked out at the same distance;
the rear ends of the traction rods penetrate through the through holes at the rear end of the front long steel box and penetrate out of the reinforcing steel plate through the corresponding penetrating holes, then are respectively in threaded connection with the adjusting and fixing nut pieces, the rear ends of the adjusting and fixing nut pieces are positioned in the corresponding penetrating holes, the T-shaped circular table bodies at the front ends of the adjusting and fixing nut pieces are clamped outside the reinforcing steel plate, and the traction rods extending from the rear sides of the T-shaped circular table bodies are the traction ends;
(6) tensioning construction: firstly, applying 10% prestress to each non-cutting steel strand at a traction end on the rear side of a T-shaped circular truncated cone at the end of a front long steel box one by using a small jack, and then screwing an adjusting fixing nut piece to fix the stressed non-cutting steel strands so as to enable the stress of each steel strand to be consistent; then synchronously starting the two hydraulic jacks to press the two sides of the rear end surface of the front long steel box, synchronously pushing the front long steel box to move forwards, tensioning each non-cutting steel strand to control stress, performing tensioning operation according to specifications, pouring concrete into a prefabricated part template after tensioning is finished, maintaining the concrete, synchronously contracting the two hydraulic jacks when the concrete reaches over 75 percent of the designed strength, finishing releasing, and dismounting the traction engagement device of the non-cutting steel strands;
(7) and (4) moving the hydraulic jack, the front long steel box, the rear long steel box, the short steel box and the traction engagement device to the next table surface for tensioning operation, and repeating the steps (3) to (7) until the concrete member is completed.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: the length of the front and rear long steel boxes is the sum of the width of the concrete member and the length of the two short steel boxes.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein: the jacking between the rear end of the rear long steel box and the lower end of the outer side of the rear base, the jacking between the rear end surfaces of the two short steel boxes and the supporting steel beam surfaces on two sides of the outer side of the cross-rod slotted hole at the lower end of the front base, and the jacking between the hydraulic jack and the front end surfaces of the two short steel boxes and the corresponding rear end surface of the front long steel box are gapless jacking.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a construction method and a device which can rapidly stretch and relax prestressed reinforcement by a pretensioning method to prevent the stress loss of a prefabricated member and avoid cutting.
Background
When the steel strand is used for reinforcing the steel in the prestressed concrete member by a pre-tensioning method, if the number of the steel strands is not large, the steel strands can be cut, sawed or melted by oxy-acetylene flame when being released, and the steel strands are cut from the middle of the production line, so that the springback is reduced compared with the springback when the steel strands are cut from one end close to a pedestal, and the demoulding is facilitated. And then, cutting off the steel strands with excessive lengths extending from the two end faces of the concrete member to obtain the finished prestressed concrete member. Obviously, the steel strands with excessive lengths extending from the two end faces of the concrete member are cut off, which not only wastes labor and force, but also causes great waste of the steel strands.
However, if the number of steel strands for reinforcing bars in a concrete member is large, all the steel strands should be simultaneously tensioned, and a method of tensioning one by one is not allowed, otherwise, the last steel wires are subjected to excessive stress and suddenly break, so that the stress transmission length of the member is suddenly increased, or the end of the member is cracked. Meanwhile, the releasing and tensioning method can be realized by adopting a releasing and tensioning crossbeam, and the crossbeam can be released and tensioned by a jack or a sand box or a wedge block and the like which are arranged at the fulcrum of the crossbeam in advance.
For the production of long-line pedestal, when the prestressed tendon of the member is steel bar, the common spring dynamometer directly measures the tensile force of the steel wire, the elongation value can not be checked, and after the steel wire is tensioned and anchored, the steel wire dynamometer is used for checking the prestressed value of the steel wire. The construction quality of the pre-tensioning method plate prestressed reinforcement tensioning and releasing is not easy to control, and the method is mainly characterized in that a tensioning jack directly performs jack operation on a tensioning cross beam during construction, and initial stress is adjusted in advance to enable the stress among a plurality of prestressed reinforcements to be consistent when the prestressed reinforcements are tensioned simultaneously. The prestressed tendon is anchored and released by a sand box or a wedge block after being tensioned, the wedge block releasing device is suitable for the condition that the tensioning force is not large, the air humidity is high or the sand block is easily blocked when the sand box is released in rainy days, the sand block is not easy to flow out after the sand block is compacted in a longer period, the prestressed loss is easily caused by the fact that the gap in the jack sand is compressed after the tensioning, the sand flowing out of the sand box affects the movable beam at the rear side, the steel quantity for moving the beam is large no matter each pedestal is required to be moved when the sand box or the wedge block is released, the tensioning effect cannot meet the design and specification requirements, and.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a pretensioning prestressed tendon quick stretching and releasing cutting-free construction method and a pretensioning prestressed tendon quick stretching and releasing cutting-free construction device, which can solve the problem of prestressed loss in the process of prestressed tendon stretching, anchoring and releasing, and have the advantages of improving the prestressed tendon stretching construction quality, ensuring the structural durability, saving labor and force, good safety, high efficiency, quick construction progress, no cutting of steel strands and no waste.
Therefore, the invention comprises a front pedestal, a rear pedestal, a template and a hydraulic jack, wherein the pretensioned prestressing tendon quick pulling and releasing cutting-free construction device also comprises a cutting-free steel strand, a front long steel box, a rear long steel box, a short steel box and a traction occlusion device.
The length of the non-cutting steel strand is the sum of the length of the non-cutting steel strand positioned in the prestressed concrete member after prestress is applied and the length of the non-cutting steel strand positioned on the two end faces of the concrete member in epitaxial design, and the two end parts of the non-cutting steel strand are provided with occlusion convex parts for clamping by the occlusion pincers. The inner end face of the meshing convex part is a plane vertical to the axial direction of the steel strand, and the plane diameter of the meshing convex part is larger than the outer diameter of the steel strand.
The long steel case of preceding, back and two short steel casees be portable components of a whole that can function independently isolated architecture, the rear end face top of two short steel casees is held on the support steel beam face on preceding pedestal lower extreme cross bar slotted hole outside both sides, the back both ends of preceding long steel case are located two short steel case front ends that are interval distribution respectively, be equipped with a hydraulic jack between the preceding terminal surface of two short steel cases and the rear end face of the preceding long steel case that corresponds respectively, the rear end top of the long steel case of back is held in the cross bar slotted hole outside of pedestal lower extreme of back.
The front long steel box consists of a box shell, I-steel laminate plates, a base, lifting lugs, through holes and reinforcing steel plates, the cross section of the front long steel box is a rectangular frame body, a plurality of layers of I-steel laminate plates are arranged in the box shell at intervals from top to bottom, the peripheries of the I-steel laminate plates are respectively fixed with the inner side wall of the corresponding box shell into a whole, the base is arranged at the lower end of the box shell, a plurality of penetrating holes corresponding to the number of the steel strands in the prefabricated member are arranged in the middle of the rear box shell of the front long steel box corresponding to the length of the through rod slotted hole at the lower end of the front pedestal at intervals side by side, the space in the box shell corresponding to the penetration holes is a pole passing space, a reinforcing steel plate is arranged in the middle of the front end face of the box shell and fixed in the middle of the front end face of the box shell through fixing bolts, a plurality of penetration holes are formed in the front end face of the reinforcing steel plate and the corresponding box shell and correspond to the penetration holes, and lifting lugs are arranged on the upper end face of the box shell.
The rear long steel box consists of a box shell, an I-shaped steel laminate, a base, lifting lugs, through holes and reinforcing steel plates.
The short steel box comprises box, layering steel sheet and lug, and the box is hollow rectangle casing, and several layers of layering steel sheet are the interval from top to bottom and set up at the incasement body, and the periphery of each layering steel sheet is fixed as an organic whole with the internal lateral wall of box that corresponds respectively, and the up end middle part of box is equipped with the lug.
The length of the front long steel box or the rear long steel box is greater than the sum of the width of a cross rod slotted hole at the lower end of the outer side of the pedestal and the width of the two short steel boxes.
The traction engagement device is composed of a traction rod, an engagement clamp positioned at one end of the traction rod and an adjusting and fixing nut member positioned at the other end of the traction rod, the traction rod is made of fine-rolled thread steel, the engagement clamp is arranged at one end of the traction rod corresponding to the engagement convex part of the non-cutting steel strand, the outer peripheral wall of the other end of the traction rod is provided with an external thread part, the adjusting and fixing nut member is a T-shaped circular truncated cone, the middle part of the adjusting and fixing nut member is provided with an internal thread screw hole in threaded connection with the external thread part of the traction rod, and the outer.
The end of the traction rod provided with the gripping tong end is provided with a shaft seat, the rear end of the fixed tong body is fixed on the shaft seat, the front end of the fixed tong body extends axially towards the traction rod and is vertically folded into the axial lead of the traction rod to form a gripping tong end, the middle part of the gripping tong end is provided with a semicircular groove, the rear end of the movable tong body is hinged on the shaft seat through the tong shaft, the front end of the movable tong body extends axially towards the traction rod and is vertically folded into the axial lead of the traction rod to form the gripping tong end, the middle part of the gripping tong end is provided with a semicircular groove, the middle parts of the movable and fixed tong bodies are correspondingly provided with screw holes, one end of a tong screw penetrates through the screw hole from the outer side of the fixed tong body and then penetrates out of the screw hole on the movable tong body, a gasket and a disc-shaped nut are arranged at the penetrating end of the tong screw, the fixed clamp body is clamped or opened.
The diameter of the semicircular groove in the middle of the end of the occluding forceps is the same as the outer diameter of the cutting-free steel strand.
A method for quickly drawing and releasing a pretensioned prestressing tendon without cutting construction by using the device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and (4) finishing the preparation of the cutting-free steel strand, the front long steel box, the rear long steel box, the short steel box and the traction engagement device in a processing factory.
According to the length of the non-cutting steel strand in the designed pretensioned prestressed concrete member, the length of each non-cutting steel strand in each prestressed concrete member is cut and adapted, the length of each non-cutting steel strand is the sum of the length of the non-cutting steel strand located in the prestressed concrete member after prestress is applied and the length of the non-cutting steel strand located on the two end faces of the concrete member in an extending mode, meshing convex parts for clamping of a clamping clamp are prepared at the two end parts of each non-cutting steel strand, and the non-cutting steel strands located in the same concrete member according to the same length are bundled in a classified mode.
The length of the front and the rear long steel boxes is determined according to the width of the concrete member, and the front and the rear long steel boxes have the same structure.
And (3) conveying the prepared various cutting-free steel strands, a front long steel box, a rear long steel box, two short steel boxes and a plurality of traction engagement devices to a construction site prestressed concrete member factory.
(2) Front and back bases parallel to the width of each concrete member are prepared on two sides of a table top of a prestressed concrete member factory in a construction site.
(3) A prefabricated member template is erected on a table top of a concrete member according to the size of the prestressed concrete member, and cutting-free steel strands corresponding to the concrete member are arranged in the prefabricated member template, so that the distance and the length of two ends of each arranged cutting-free steel strand outside two ends of the prefabricated member template are the same after the two ends of each arranged cutting-free steel strand are tensioned and stressed.
(4) Installing a rear long steel box: placing a rear long steel box on the outer side of a rear pedestal corresponding to a prefabricated member template on a concrete member table board by using a crane, jacking the rear end of the rear long steel box at the lower end of the outer side of the rear pedestal, respectively aligning each penetrating hole at the rear end of the rear long steel box with each non-cutting steel strand correspondingly in the prefabricated member template, taking a traction engagement device corresponding to the number of the non-cutting steel strands in the concrete member, taking down an adjusting fixing nut piece at the rear end of each traction rod, penetrating the rear end of each traction rod through a through rod slotted hole corresponding to the lower end of the rear pedestal, penetrating the penetrating hole at the rear end of the rear long steel box into a through rod space in a box shell, penetrating the front end of the rear long steel box from the corresponding penetrating hole, locating outside a reinforced steel plate, then respectively screwing with the adjusting fixing nut piece, locating the rear end of each adjusting fixing nut piece in the corresponding penetrating hole, clamping a T-shaped round platform body at the front end of each adjusting fixing nut piece outside the reinforced steel plate, clamping jaws at the front end of the traction rods tightly on the twisting convex, the disk nut of the clenching clamp is rotated to close the movable and fixed clamp bodies, the bite convex part of the cutting-free steel strand end is positioned at the inner end of the bite clamp end of the fixed and movable clamp bodies, the inner end of the bite clamp end of the fixed and movable clamp bodies supports against the inner side plane of the bite convex part, and the corresponding cutting-free steel strand end penetrates out of the circular groove in the middle of the bite clamp end.
And rotating each T-shaped circular truncated cone body to enable the adjusting and fixing nut piece to move on the traction rod, and adjusting the length of the unified non-cutting steel strand end epitaxial prefabricated part template outside the corresponding end.
(5) Long steel case and two short steel cases before the installation: the rear end faces of the two short steel boxes are supported on supporting steel beam faces on two sides of the outer side of the lower end cross rod slotted hole of the front pedestal, two ends of the back face of the front long steel box are respectively positioned at the front ends of the two short steel boxes distributed at intervals, and a hydraulic jack is respectively arranged between the front end faces of the two short steel boxes and the rear end face of the corresponding front long steel box, so that the ejection lengths of ejection rods of the hydraulic jacks are the same.
And (4) aligning the penetrating holes at the rear end of the front long steel box with the cutting-free steel strands at the corresponding end in the prefabricated member template respectively, taking traction engagement devices corresponding to the cutting-free steel strands in the concrete member, enabling the rear ends of the traction rods of the fixed and movable clamp bodies of the traction engagement devices to penetrate through the through rod slotted holes corresponding to the lower end of the front pedestal, penetrating into the through holes at the rear end of the front long steel box and penetrating out of the front end of the front long steel box from the corresponding penetrating holes to be positioned outside the reinforced steel plate by using the method in the step (4), then respectively screwing the traction rods with the adjusting and fixing nut pieces, enabling the rear ends of the adjusting and fixing nut pieces to be positioned in the corresponding penetrating holes, clamping the T-shaped circular table body at the front end of each adjusting and fixing nut piece outside the reinforced steel plate, and enabling the traction rods extending from the rear side of the T-shaped circular table body to be the traction ends.
(6) Tensioning construction: firstly, applying 10% prestress to each non-cutting steel strand at a traction end on the rear side of a T-shaped circular truncated cone at the end of a front long steel box one by using a small jack, and then screwing an adjusting fixing nut piece to fix the stressed non-cutting steel strands so as to enable the stress of each steel strand to be consistent; and then synchronously starting the two hydraulic jacks to press the two sides of the rear end surface of the front long steel box, synchronously pushing the front long steel box to move forwards, tensioning each non-cutting steel strand to a controlled stress, performing tensioning operation according to a standard, injecting concrete into the prefabricated part template after tensioning is finished, maintaining the concrete, synchronously contracting the two hydraulic jacks when the concrete reaches over 75 percent of the designed strength, finishing releasing, and dismounting the traction engagement device of the non-cutting steel strands.
(7) And (4) moving the hydraulic jack, the front long steel box, the rear long steel box, the short steel box and the traction engagement device to the next table surface for tensioning operation, and repeating the steps (3) to (7) until the concrete member is completed.
The length of the front and rear long steel boxes is the sum of the width of the concrete member and the length of the two short steel boxes.
The jacking between the rear end of the rear long steel box and the lower end of the outer side of the rear base, the jacking between the rear end surfaces of the two short steel boxes and the supporting steel beam surfaces on two sides of the outer side of the cross-rod slotted hole at the lower end of the front base, and the jacking between the hydraulic jack and the front end surfaces of the two short steel boxes and the corresponding rear end surface of the front long steel box are gapless jacking.
The above-described apparatus and method achieve the objects of the present invention.
The invention solves the problem of prestress loss in the process of stretching, anchoring and releasing the prestressed tendon, and has the advantages of improving the construction quality of stretching the prestressed tendon, ensuring the durability of the structure, saving labor and force, good safety, high efficiency, fast construction progress, no cutting of the steel strand and no waste.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) compared with the traditional stretching, anchoring and releasing operation, the invention has the advantages of high safety performance, small quality and convenient use, solves the retraction problem in the stretching and anchoring stage, avoids the stretching and prestressing loss, reduces the quantity of movable steel boxes, avoids the anchoring retraction even overturning damage caused by the construction of personnel and the misoperation of workers in the anchoring stage after stretching, and enhances the construction quality of the stretching, anchoring and releasing of the prestressed tendon to ensure the durability of the structure. The machine is suitable for the tensioning construction of the pretensioned prestressed tendons of various structures, is high in efficiency and can accelerate the engineering construction progress.
(2) The invention adopts the non-cutting steel strand, replaces on-site cutting and cutting with factory standard production, greatly accelerates the construction speed, avoids the waste of the steel strand and saves steel, and the measurement and calculation show that the invention can save 20 percent of steel, reduce the construction cost by 40 percent and improve the construction speed by more than 3 times.
(3) The traction engagement device can be used for quickly and conveniently engaging and separating the cutting-free steel strand end, traditional tensioning anchoring parts, butt-joint parts and the like are removed, the working efficiency and quality are improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the non-cutting steel strand of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front side view schematically showing the structure of the front long steel box of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side view schematically showing the structure of the front long steel box of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the short steel box of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the traction engagement device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a pretensioned tendon rapid tensioning cutting-free construction device comprises a front pedestal, a rear pedestal, a template and a hydraulic jack; the quick tensioning and releasing cutting-free construction device for the pretensioned prestressing tendons further comprises a cutting-
As shown in fig. 2, the length of the cutting-
The inner end face of the meshing convex part is a plane vertical to the axial direction of the steel strand, and the plane diameter of the meshing convex part is larger than the outer diameter of the steel strand. The non-cutting steel strand and the occlusion convex parts are cut in a processing factory, and then the two ends of the non-cutting steel strand are provided with the occlusion convex parts for being clamped by the occlusion pincers by adopting the traditional processes of pressing, melting, injecting and the like.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3 to 5, the front long steel box 3 and the rear long steel box 301 have the same structure, and therefore only the structure of the front long steel box will be described. The front and rear long steel boxes and the two short steel boxes are of movable split independent structures.
The rear end surfaces of the two short steel boxes are supported on the supporting steel beam 7 surfaces on two sides of the outer side of the lower end through rod slotted hole 16 of the front pedestal 15. The two ends of the back of the front long steel box are respectively positioned at the front ends of the two short steel boxes distributed at intervals. And a hydraulic jack 6 is respectively arranged between the front end surfaces of the two short steel boxes and the rear end surface of the corresponding front long steel box, namely the rear end of the hydraulic jack is propped against the front end surface of the short steel box, and the jacking rods 5 of the hydraulic jacks are propped against the two sides of the rear end surface of the corresponding front long steel box. The rear end of the rear long steel box is supported outside the through rod slotted hole at the lower end of the rear pedestal 8.
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the front long steel box 3 is composed of a
The rear long steel box 301 has the same structure as the front long steel box, and is composed of a box shell, an I-shaped steel laminate, a base, lifting lugs, through holes and reinforcing steel plates.
The length of the front long steel box or the rear long steel box is greater than the sum of the width of a cross rod slotted hole at the lower end of the outer side of the pedestal and the width of the two short steel boxes.
As shown in fig. 5, the
As shown in fig. 6, the traction engagement device is composed of a traction rod 1, a clenching clamp 9 at one end of the traction rod and an adjusting and fixing nut member 2 at the other end of the traction rod, and the traction rod is made of fine-rolled thread steel. One end of the traction rod corresponding to the cutting-free steel strand meshing convex part is provided with a meshing clamp, and the outer peripheral wall of the other end of the traction rod is provided with an external thread part 131. The adjusting and fixing nut piece is a T-shaped circular truncated cone, and the middle part of the adjusting and fixing nut piece is an internal thread screw hole 211 which is in threaded connection with the external thread part of the traction rod. The outer side of the fixing nut is adjusted to be a fastening hexagonal convex edge platform 21 so as to conveniently rotate and adjust the fixing nut piece by using a clamp, and the length of the end of the traction rod is shortened or lengthened, namely, the distance from the traction rod to the outer side of the through hole is adjusted after the clamping clamp clamps the corresponding engagement convex part of the non-cutting steel strand. The diameter of the rear part of the adjusting fixing nut piece is smaller than that of the penetrating hole, and the periphery of the T-shaped circular truncated cone body at the front part of the adjusting fixing nut piece is larger than that of the penetrating hole.
The end of the traction rod provided with the gripping tong end is provided with a shaft seat 99, the rear end of the fixed tong body 91 is fixed on the shaft seat, the front end of the fixed tong body extends axially towards the traction rod and is vertically folded towards the axial lead of the traction rod to form a gripping tong end 93, and the middle part of the gripping tong end is provided with a semicircular groove 910. The rear end of the movable clamp body 98 is hinged on the shaft seat through a clamp shaft 97, the front end of the movable clamp body extends axially towards the traction rod and is vertically folded towards the axis of the traction rod to form an occluded clamp end, and a semicircular groove is formed in the middle of the occluded clamp end. The diameter of the semicircular groove in the middle of the end of the occluding forceps is the same as the outer diameter of the cutting-free steel strand.
The middle part of the movable and fixed clamp body is correspondingly provided with a screw hole, one end of a clamp screw 92 penetrates through the screw hole from the outer side of the fixed clamp body and then penetrates out of the screw hole on the movable clamp body, and a gasket 95 and a disc-shaped nut 95 are arranged at the penetrating end of the clamp screw. The clamp screw rod between the fixed clamp body and the movable clamp body is sleeved with a spring 96, and the movable clamp body and the fixed clamp body can be clamped or opened by rotating the disk-shaped nut.
A method for using a pretensioned prestressing tendon quick pulling-releasing cutting-free construction device to quickly pull-releasing cutting-free construction of a pretensioned prestressing tendon comprises the following steps:
(1) and (4) finishing the preparation of the cutting-free steel strand, the front long steel box, the rear long steel box, the short steel box and the traction engagement device in a processing factory.
According to the length of the cutting-free steel strand in the designed pretensioned prestressed concrete member, the cutting is adapted to the length of each cutting-free steel strand in each prestressed concrete member, and the length of each cutting-free steel strand is the sum of the length of the cutting-free steel strand located in the prestressed concrete member after prestress is applied and the length of the cutting-free steel strand located on the two end faces of the concrete member in an extending mode. And preparing occlusion convex parts for the occlusion pincers to clamp at two end parts of each non-cutting steel strand. Classifying and bundling labels of the non-cutting steel stranded wires in the same length and in the same concrete member;
the length of the front and the rear long steel boxes is determined according to the width of the concrete member, and the front and the rear long steel boxes have the same structure.
And (3) conveying the prepared various cutting-free steel strands, a front long steel box, a rear long steel box, two short steel boxes and a plurality of traction engagement devices to a construction site prestressed concrete member factory.
As shown in fig. 1, (2) front and rear pedestals parallel to the width of each concrete member are prepared on both sides of a table 17 of a prestressed concrete member factory of a construction site. The lower ends of the front pedestal and the rear pedestal are provided with a bar passing slotted hole 16 corresponding to the distribution width of the cutting-free steel strand of the concrete member.
(3) The prefabricated form 10 is set up on the surface of a concrete member according to the size of the prestressed concrete member. The precast member formwork is provided with a pouring space 12 for a prestressed concrete member. And arranging each non-cutting steel strand corresponding to the concrete member in the prefabricated member template. The distance length of two ends of each laid cutting-free steel strand outside two ends of the prefabricated member template after being tensioned and stressed is the same.
(4) Long steel box 301 after installation: and placing the rear long steel box outside the rear base corresponding to the prefabricated part template on the concrete member table board by using a crane. The rear end of the rear long steel box is supported at the lower end of the outer side of the rear pedestal. And all penetrating holes at the rear end of the rear long steel box are respectively aligned with corresponding non-cutting steel strands in the prefabricated part template. Taking a traction engagement device corresponding to the number of the non-cutting steel strands in the concrete member, taking down an adjusting fixing nut piece at the rear end of each traction rod, enabling the rear end of each traction rod to penetrate through a through rod slot hole corresponding to the lower end of the backseat, penetrating into a through rod space in the box shell from a penetrating hole at the rear end of the rear long steel box, penetrating out of the front end of the rear long steel box from the corresponding penetrating hole, locating outside the reinforced steel plate, then respectively screwing with the adjusting fixing nut piece, locating the rear end of each adjusting fixing nut piece in a corresponding penetrating
The gripping clamp at the front end of each traction rod is gripped and occluded on the occlusion convex part of each corresponding non-cutting steel strand end, the disc-shaped nut of the gripping clamp is rotated to close the movable and fixed clamp bodies, and the occlusion convex part of the non-cutting steel strand end is positioned at the inner end of the occlusion clamp end of the fixed and movable clamp bodies. The inner end of the occlusion clamp end of the fixed clamp body and the movable clamp body supports the inner side plane of the occlusion convex part of the non-cutting steel strand at the end, the other end of the corresponding non-cutting steel strand penetrates out of the circular groove in the middle of the occlusion clamp end, penetrates through the casting space of the prefabricated part template at the corresponding side and the concrete component, penetrates out of the prefabricated part template at the other side, and is positioned outside the prefabricated part template at the other side.
And rotating each T-shaped circular truncated cone body to enable the adjusting and fixing nut piece to move on the traction rod, and adjusting the length of the unified non-cutting steel strand end epitaxial prefabricated part template outside the corresponding end.
(5) Long steel case and two short steel cases before the installation: the rear end faces of the two
And (4) aligning each penetrating hole at the rear end of the front long steel box with each non-cutting steel strand at the corresponding end in the prefabricated member template, taking the traction engaging devices corresponding to the non-cutting steel strands in the concrete member, and using the method in the step (4) to enable the engaging convex parts of the non-cutting steel strand ends corresponding to the engagement of the fixed and movable clamp bodies of each traction engaging device. The rear end of each traction rod penetrates through a corresponding rod passing slotted hole at the lower end of the front pedestal, penetrates through a penetrating hole at the rear end of the front long steel box and penetrates out of the front end of the front long steel box from a corresponding penetrating hole, the front end of the front long steel box is positioned outside the reinforced steel plate and then is respectively in threaded connection with the adjusting fixing nut piece, the rear end of each adjusting fixing nut piece is positioned in the corresponding penetrating hole, the T-shaped circular table body at the front end of each adjusting fixing nut piece is clamped outside the reinforced steel plate, and the traction rod extending from the rear side of the T-shaped circular table body is a traction end 13.
(6) Tensioning construction: firstly, applying 10% prestress to each non-cutting steel strand by a small jack one by one at a traction end 13 on the rear side of a T-shaped circular truncated cone at the end of a front long steel box, and then screwing an adjusting fixing nut piece to fix the stressed non-cutting steel strands so as to enable each steel strand to be stressed uniformly; and then synchronously starting the two hydraulic jacks to press the two sides of the rear end surface of the front long steel box, jacking the front long steel box to synchronously move forwards, tensioning each non-cutting steel strand to control stress, and performing tensioning operation according to the specification. And after tensioning is finished, pouring concrete into the prefabricated member template, maintaining the concrete, synchronously contracting the two hydraulic jacks when the concrete reaches over 75 percent of the designed strength, finishing releasing, and dismounting the traction engagement device without cutting the steel strand.
(7) And (4) moving the hydraulic jack, the front long steel box, the rear long steel box, the short steel box and the traction engagement device to the next table surface for tensioning operation, and repeating the steps (3) to (7) until the concrete member is completed.
The length of the front and rear long steel boxes is the sum of the width of the concrete member and the length of the two short steel boxes.
The jacking between the rear end of the rear long steel box and the lower end of the outer side of the rear base, the jacking between the rear end surfaces of the two short steel boxes and the supporting steel beam surfaces on two sides of the outer side of the cross-rod slotted hole at the lower end of the front base, and the jacking between the hydraulic jack and the front end surfaces of the two short steel boxes and the corresponding rear end surface of the front long steel box are gapless jacking.
In a word, the invention can solve the problem of prestress loss in the process of stretching, anchoring and releasing the prestressed tendon, has the advantages of improving the construction quality of stretching the prestressed tendon, ensuring the durability of the structure, saving labor and force, good safety, high efficiency, fast construction progress, no cutting of the steel strand and no waste, and can be popularized and used.
- 上一篇：一种医用注射器针头装配设备
- 下一篇：一种现场拼装平面桁架的施工方法