阅读说明：本技术 轨道车辆铝合金车体型材底部随形支撑装置 (Rail vehicle aluminum alloy car body section bar bottom conformal supporting device ) 是由 刘明雪 王宇 罗添元 于 2021-03-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：轨道车辆铝合金车体型材底部随形支撑装置涉及轨道车辆铝合金车体焊接后调平技术领域,该装置包括基座、齿条机构、后盖板、上盖板、万向板、齿轮轴、前盖板、限位螺母和手轮。本发明可以保证焊后件在装夹后处于自由状态,从根本上消除装夹后的内部残余应力,彻底避免焊后件因内部残余应力在拆除压紧机构后产生的回弹变形；本发明解决了利用垫片调整支撑高度的方法需要针对每个焊后件变形尺寸的不同反复调整,操作复杂,生产效率低的技术问题。本发明的底部随形支撑装置通用性强,能够适应各种部件的支撑需求,降低了成本,避免了浪费。本发明的底部随形支撑装置通过手轮即可完成操作,操作简单,省时省力。(A shape following supporting device for the bottom of a rail vehicle aluminum alloy vehicle body profile relates to the technical field of rail vehicle aluminum alloy vehicle body welding rear leveling, and comprises a base, a rack mechanism, a rear cover plate, an upper cover plate, a universal plate, a gear shaft, a front cover plate, a limiting nut and a hand wheel. The invention can ensure that the welded part is in a free state after being clamped, fundamentally eliminates the internal residual stress after being clamped, and thoroughly avoids the rebound deformation of the welded part caused by the internal residual stress after the hold-down mechanism is removed; the invention solves the technical problems that the method for adjusting the supporting height by utilizing the gasket needs to repeatedly adjust the deformation size of each welded part, the operation is complex and the production efficiency is low. The bottom conformal supporting device is strong in universality, can meet the supporting requirements of various components, reduces the cost and avoids waste. The bottom conformal supporting device can be operated through the hand wheel, and is simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving.)

1. The shape following supporting device for the bottom of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section is characterized by comprising a base (1), a rack mechanism (2), a rear cover plate (3), an upper cover plate (4), a universal plate (5), a gear shaft (6), a front cover plate (7), a limiting nut (8) and a hand wheel (9);

the inner wall of the base (1) is provided with a chute (1-1) along the vertical direction, and two ends of the bottom of the base (1) are provided with base fastening grooves (1-2);

the rear cover plate (3) is fixedly connected with the rear side wall of the base (1), and a support hole is formed in the inner wall of the rear cover plate (3); the upper cover plate (4) is fixedly connected with the upper side wall of the base (1), and a first through hole (4-1) is formed in the center of the upper cover plate (4); the front cover plate (7) is fixedly connected with the front side wall of the base (1), and the middle part of the front cover plate (7) is provided with a second through hole (7-1);

a sliding rail (2-1) in the vertical direction is arranged on one side wall of the rack mechanism (2), the sliding rail (2-1) is connected with the sliding groove (1-1) in a sliding mode, a rack (2-2) in the vertical direction is arranged on the other side wall of the rack mechanism (2), a supporting column (2-3) is fixedly connected to the top of the rack mechanism (2), the upper portion of the supporting column (2-3) penetrates through the first through hole (4-1), and a hemispherical groove (2-3-1) is arranged on the top of the supporting column (2-3);

the universal plate (5) is positioned above the upper cover plate (4), the center of the lower end face of the universal plate (5) is fixedly connected with a universal head (5-1), and the lower part of the universal head (5-1) is arranged in the hemispherical groove (2-3-1);

one end of the gear shaft (6) is connected with the supporting hole of the rear cover plate (3) through a shaft, the other end of the gear shaft penetrates through a second through hole (7-1) of the front cover plate (7) and then is connected with a limiting nut (8) through a thread, the end part of the other end of the gear shaft (6) is fixedly connected with a hand wheel (9), and a gear (6-1) meshed with the rack (2-2) is arranged in the middle of the gear shaft (6).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of leveling of an aluminum alloy car body of a railway vehicle after welding, in particular to a shape following supporting device for the bottom of a profile of the aluminum alloy car body of the railway vehicle.

Background

Many parts of an aluminum alloy car body of a railway vehicle need to be formed by welding two or more than two types of profiles, and in order to ensure the integral flatness after welding, the welded parts are often subjected to integral plane milling, for example, the plane processing on a sleeper beam of an urban railway project, the plane processing on a cab front wall of a high-speed railway project and the like. The conventional processing method is that a welded part is placed on a tool plane, and is compressed by the tool, and the plane is processed in the state; but because the aluminum alloy material can take place to warp after the welding, the postweld spare after the simple will warping compresses tightly, though can come through hold-down mechanism with the deformation adjustment, the postweld spare is inside still to have great welding stress, treats that postweld spare processing finishes demolising hold-down mechanism after, the internal stress of postweld spare can be released, and the plane of processing completion can take place to kick-back along with stress release and warp, therefore the plane degree can't satisfy design and construction requirement.

In order to solve the technical problems, the existing solution is to place the welded part on a tool plane in a free state, judge the gap size between the upper plane of the tool and the lower plane of the welded part through experience and visual observation, place a height adjusting gasket at the gap, but because the deformation size of each welded part after welding is different, each welded part needs to place a corresponding height adjusting gasket independently and needs to be adjusted repeatedly, the operation process is very troublesome, the efficiency is low, and the stress after clamping and the springback deformation generated by the stress cannot be completely eliminated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a follow-up supporting device for the bottom of a profile of an aluminum alloy vehicle body of a rail vehicle, which can realize follow-up compression in a free state during processing of a welded part, so that stress is not reserved in the welded part, and further the welded part cannot generate rebound deformation after a pressing mechanism is removed after processing is finished.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:

the shape following supporting device for the bottom of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section is characterized by comprising a base, a rack mechanism, a rear cover plate, an upper cover plate, a universal plate, a gear shaft, a front cover plate, a limiting nut and a hand wheel; the inner wall of the base is provided with a chute along the vertical direction, and two ends of the bottom of the base are provided with base fastening grooves; the rear cover plate is fixedly connected with the rear side wall of the base, and a support hole is formed in the inner wall of the rear cover plate; the upper cover plate is fixedly connected with the upper side wall of the base, and a first through hole is formed in the center of the upper cover plate; the front cover plate is fixedly connected with the front side wall of the base, and a second through hole is formed in the middle of the front cover plate; a sliding rail in the vertical direction is arranged on one side wall of the rack mechanism and is in sliding connection with the sliding groove, a rack in the vertical direction is arranged on the other side wall of the rack mechanism, a supporting column is fixedly connected to the top of the rack mechanism, the upper portion of the supporting column penetrates through the first through hole, and a hemispherical groove is formed in the top of the supporting column; the universal plate is positioned above the upper cover plate, the center of the lower end face of the universal plate is fixedly connected with a universal head, and the lower part of the universal head is arranged in the hemispherical groove; one end of the gear shaft is connected with the supporting hole of the rear cover plate through a shaft, the other end of the gear shaft penetrates through the second through hole of the front cover plate and then is in threaded connection with the limiting nut, the end part of the other end of the gear shaft is fixedly connected with the hand wheel, and a gear meshed with the rack is arranged in the middle of the gear shaft.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the universal head is matched with the hemispherical groove in the top of the support column, the shape following support at the bottom of the welded part is realized, a positioning surface which can be changed according to the actual deformation of the welded part is constructed, meanwhile, the complete fitting of the lower surface of the welded part is realized by a plurality of bottom shape following support devices, the welded part is in a free state after clamping, the internal residual stress after clamping is fundamentally eliminated, and the rebound deformation of the welded part caused by the internal residual stress after the pressing mechanism is detached is thoroughly avoided.

The height position of the universal plate can be accurately adjusted by the hand wheel through the matching of the rack mechanism, the gear shaft and the hand wheel, meanwhile, the height position of the universal plate can be fixed through the friction force of the limiting nut and the front cover plate, and therefore the technical problems that the method for adjusting the supporting height by the gasket needs to be repeatedly adjusted according to the different deformation sizes of each welded part, the operation is complex, and the production efficiency is low are solved.

The bottom conformal supporting device is strong in universality, can meet the supporting requirements of various components, reduces the cost and avoids waste. The bottom conformal supporting device can be operated through the hand wheel, and is simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the shape following supporting device for the bottom of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section bar of the railway vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structural view of the shape following supporting device for the bottom of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section bar of the railway vehicle.

Fig. 3 is an exploded structural schematic view of the bottom conformal supporting device of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section bar of the railway vehicle.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an application of the bottom conformal supporting device of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section bar of the railway vehicle.

Fig. 5 is a front view of the structure of fig. 4.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the shape following support device for the bottom of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section bar of the railway vehicle comprises: the device comprises a base 1, a rack mechanism 2, a rear cover plate 3, an upper cover plate 4, a universal plate 5, a gear shaft 6, a front cover plate 7, a limit nut 8 and a hand wheel 9; the inner wall of the base 1 is provided with a chute 1-1 along the vertical direction, and two ends of the bottom of the base 1 are provided with base fastening grooves 1-2. The base 1 is connected with the machine tool workbench 11 through the matching of the base fastening groove 1-2 and the bolt.

The rear cover plate 3 is fixedly connected with the rear side wall of the base 1, and a support hole is formed in the inner wall of the rear cover plate 3; the upper cover plate 4 is fixedly connected with the upper side wall of the base 1, and a first through hole 4-1 is formed in the center of the upper cover plate 4; the front cover plate 7 is fixedly connected with the front side wall of the base 1, and a second through hole 7-1 is formed in the middle of the front cover plate 7.

One side wall of the rack mechanism 2 is provided with a slide rail 2-1 along the vertical direction, the slide rail 2-1 is connected with the slide groove 1-1 in a sliding manner, the other side wall of the rack mechanism 2 is provided with a rack 2-2 along the vertical direction, the top of the rack mechanism 2 is fixedly connected with a support column 2-3, the upper part of the support column 2-3 penetrates through a first through hole 4-1, and the top of the support column 2-3 is provided with a hemispherical groove 2-3-1.

The universal plate 5 is positioned above the upper cover plate 4, the center of the lower end face of the universal plate 5 is fixedly connected with a universal head 5-1, and the lower part of the universal head 5-1 is arranged in the hemispherical groove 2-3-1. The universal head 5-1 is matched with the hemispherical groove 2-3-1, so that the universal plate 5 can be randomly changed in supporting direction as required, and the universal plate 5 is tightly attached to the bottom of the welded part 10.

One end of the gear shaft 6 is connected with the supporting hole of the rear cover plate by a shaft, the other end of the gear shaft passes through the second through hole 7-1 of the front cover plate 7 and then is connected with the limit nut 8 by screw threads, the end part of the other end of the gear shaft 6 is fixedly connected with the hand wheel 9, and the middle part of the gear shaft 6 is provided with a gear 6-1 which is meshed with the rack 2-2. The rotating hand wheel 9 drives the gear 6-1 to rotate synchronously, the rack mechanism 2 moves up and down along the direction of the chute 1-1 through the meshing of the gear 6-1 and the rack 2-2 and the sliding fit of the sliding rail 2-1 and the chute 1-1, the strut 2-3 drives the universal plate 5 to move up and down, the supporting height of the universal plate 5 is adjusted, and the gear shaft 6 is positioned rotationally through the friction force between the locked limiting nut 8 and the front cover plate 7.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the use process of the shape following support device for the bottom of the aluminum alloy vehicle body section bar of the railway vehicle is as follows:

(1) according to the size of a welded part 10 of the aluminum alloy car body profile of the rail car to be processed, a plurality of bottom conformal supporting devices are fixed on a machine tool workbench 11, and universal plates 5 of all the bottom conformal supporting devices are adjusted to be the lowest through hand wheels 9, namely the universal plates 5 are adjusted to be tightly attached to an upper cover plate 4.

(2) The postweld 10 is placed on each bottom conformal supporting device, at the moment, the postweld 10 is contacted with some bottom conformal supporting devices, and gaps are reserved between other parts of the postweld 10 and the bottom conformal supporting devices below the postweld 10.

(3) And (3) rotating the hand wheel 9 to enable the universal plate 5 to slowly move upwards for the bottom shape following supporting devices with gaps until the universal plate 5 is completely attached to the bottom surface of the welded part 10.

(4) The limit nut 8 is rotated to enable the limit nut 8 to be tightly attached to the front cover plate 7, and then the gear shaft 6 is locked to be fixed through friction force between the limit nut 8 and the front cover plate 7, so that the universal plate 5 is fixed in height.

(5) According to the adjusting mode of the step (3) and the step (4), the height positions of all the universal plates 5 with gaps are adjusted to be completely attached to the bottom surface of the welded part 10, the welded part 10 is guaranteed to be in a free state after being clamped, the internal residual stress after being clamped is eliminated fundamentally, and the rebound deformation of the welded part 10 caused by the internal residual stress after the pressing mechanism is detached is avoided thoroughly.