阅读说明：本技术 一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方 (Formula of anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with carbon material ) 是由 陈峻 崔青天 于 2020-08-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种融合碳材质防散发的聚氨酯发泡阻燃剂配方,在阻燃剂中加入磷酸酐,促使燃烧时的可燃去脱水炭化,阻止或减少可燃气体的产生,热解状态下的磷酸酐熔融物包覆在聚氨酯发泡产品的表面,且燃烧时产生的二氧化碳溢散,起到阻燃作用,在配方中加入碳/碳复合材料,碳/碳复合材料内部的高强度碳纤维能够有效增强阻燃剂的力学性能,通过硼酸三正丁酯对碳/碳复合材料的表面进行改性,改性后的碳/碳复合材料中碳基体与氧气的反应机会更小,阻燃剂中的碳材质不容易随着使用时间的增加而氧化或散发,延长阻燃有效期,阻燃指数更高。(The invention discloses a formula of a carbon material fused anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant, phosphoric anhydride is added into the flame retardant to promote the combustibility to be dehydrated and carbonized during combustion and prevent or reduce the generation of combustible gas, phosphoric anhydride melt in a pyrolysis state is coated on the surface of a polyurethane foaming product, and carbon dioxide generated during combustion overflows and diffuses to play a role of flame retardance, the carbon/carbon composite material is added in the formula, the high-strength carbon fiber in the carbon/carbon composite material can effectively enhance the mechanical property of the flame retardant, the surface of the carbon/carbon composite material is modified by the tri-n-butyl borate, so that the reaction chance of a carbon matrix and oxygen in the modified carbon/carbon composite material is smaller, the carbon material in the flame retardant is not easy to oxidize or diffuse along with the increase of the service time, the flame retardant validity period is prolonged, and the flame retardant index is higher.)

1. A formula of a carbon material fused anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant is characterized in that: the formula of the anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with the carbon material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of polyester diol, 20-30 parts of aromatic diisocyanate, 10-20 parts of phosphoric anhydride, 2-6 parts of catalyst, 10-20 parts of inorganic particles, 0-10 parts of charring agent, 0-8 parts of tri-n-butyl borate, 0-10 parts of carbon/carbon composite material, 6-10 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0-8 parts of acetic acid.

2. The formula of the anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with the carbon material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the polyester dihydric alcohol is dihydric alcohol obtained by polycondensation of sebacic acid and 1, 4-butanediol.

3. The formula of the anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with the carbon material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the catalyst is a mixture of ferric trichloride and zinc chloride.

4. The formula of the anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with the carbon material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the inorganic particles are one of nano calcium carbonate, nano barium sulfate, nano montmorillonite, glass fiber, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.

5. The formula of the anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with the carbon material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the tri-n-butyl borate, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the acetic acid react to form white sol, the concentration of the acetic acid during the reaction is 36%, and the adding amount ratio of the tri-n-butyl borate to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the acetic acid is 1:3: 1.5.

6. A method for preparing the flame retardant for polyurethane foam products of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, adding sebacic acid and 1, 4-butanediol into a reaction kettle, performing esterification and polycondensation reaction at 140-220 ℃, performing normal pressure distillation to remove by-product water, and performing vacuum pumping after heat preservation for 1-2 hours to obtain polyester diol;

s2, adding 40-50 parts of polyester diol, 20-30 parts of aromatic diisocyanate, 10-20 parts of phosphoric anhydride, 2-6 parts of catalyst and 10-20 parts of inorganic particles into a reaction kettle, and heating and stirring for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a flame retardant base material;

s3, adding tributyl borate, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetic acid into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer according to a ratio, and stirring until white sol is obtained;

s4, preparing the white sol obtained in the S3 into a suspension, adding the suspension into a reaction kettle, adding 0-8 parts of carbon/carbon composite material into the reaction kettle, introducing argon, reacting and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to obtain a modified carbon/carbon composite material;

s5, adding the modified carbon/carbon composite material into the flame retardant base material, and uniformly stirring to obtain the anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with the carbon material.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of macromolecules, in particular to a formula of a carbon material fused polyurethane foaming flame retardant capable of preventing diffusion.

Background

The flame retardant is used as a functional auxiliary agent for endowing a flammable polymer with flame retardancy, is mainly designed aiming at the flame retardancy of a high polymer material, plays a flame retardant role through a plurality of mechanisms, and is mainly applied to the fields of transportation, electronic and electrical equipment, furniture and building materials.

The flame retardant for polyurethane foaming products needs to improve the mechanical property of the products on the basis of good flame retardant performance, in order to achieve the purpose, most of the existing flame retardants adopt a method for increasing carbon materials to realize the increase of the carbon content in the flame retardant, such as increasing carbon fibers, but the carbon fiber gaps have a lot of contact opportunities with oxygen, and along with the increase of the service time, the carbon materials in the flame retardant are easy to oxidize or diffuse, so that the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a polyurethane foaming flame retardant formula which can improve the thermal stability of a polyurethane foaming product and has higher flame-retardant index and can prevent diffusion of a fused carbon material, so as to solve the problem that the carbon material in the flame retardant is easy to oxidize or diffuse along with the increase of the use time, thereby influencing the flame-retardant effect of the flame retardant.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the formula of the carbon material fusion anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of polyester diol, 20-30 parts of aromatic diisocyanate, 10-20 parts of phosphoric anhydride, 2-6 parts of catalyst, 10-20 parts of inorganic particles, 0-10 parts of charring agent, 0-8 parts of tri-n-butyl borate, 0-10 parts of carbon/carbon composite material, 6-10 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0-8 parts of acetic acid.

Preferably, the polyester diol is diol obtained by condensation polymerization of sebacic acid and 1, 4-butanediol.

Preferably, the catalyst is a mixture of ferric chloride and zinc chloride.

Preferably, the inorganic particles are one of nano calcium carbonate, nano barium sulfate, nano montmorillonite, glass fiber, magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide.

Preferably, the tri-n-butyl borate is reacted with absolute ethyl alcohol and acetic acid to form a white sol, the concentration of the acetic acid during the reaction is 36%, and the adding amount ratio of the tri-n-butyl borate to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the acetic acid is 1:3: 1.5.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the formula of the carbon material fused anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant, which comprises the following steps:

s1, adding sebacic acid and 1, 4-butanediol into a reaction kettle, performing esterification and polycondensation reaction at 140-220 ℃, performing normal pressure distillation to remove by-product water, and performing vacuum pumping after heat preservation for 1-2 hours to obtain polyester diol;

s2, adding 40-50 parts of polyester diol, 20-30 parts of aromatic diisocyanate, 10-20 parts of phosphoric anhydride, 2-6 parts of catalyst and 10-20 parts of inorganic particles into a reaction kettle, and heating and stirring for 1 hour under the protection of nitrogen to obtain a flame retardant base material;

s3, adding tributyl borate, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetic acid into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer according to a ratio, and stirring until white sol is obtained;

s4, preparing the white sol obtained in the S3 into a suspension, adding the suspension into a reaction kettle, adding 0-8 parts of carbon/carbon composite material into the reaction kettle, introducing argon, reacting and keeping the temperature for 2 hours to obtain a modified carbon/carbon composite material;

s5, adding the modified carbon/carbon composite material into the flame retardant base material, and uniformly stirring to obtain the anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant fused with the carbon material.

The invention provides a formula of a carbon material fused anti-diffusion polyurethane foaming flame retardant, phosphoric anhydride is added into the flame retardant to promote the combustibility to be dehydrated and carbonized during combustion, the generation of combustible gas is prevented or reduced, phosphoric anhydride melt in a pyrolysis state is coated on the surface of a polyurethane foaming product, and carbon dioxide generated during combustion overflows and diffuses to play a flame retardant role, the carbon/carbon composite material is added in the formula, the high-strength carbon fiber in the carbon/carbon composite material can effectively enhance the mechanical property of the flame retardant, the surface of the carbon/carbon composite material is modified by the tri-n-butyl borate, so that the reaction chance of a carbon matrix and oxygen in the modified carbon/carbon composite material is smaller, the carbon material in the flame retardant is not easy to oxidize or diffuse along with the increase of the service time, the flame retardant validity period is prolonged, and the flame retardant index is higher.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.