阅读说明：本技术 用于延迟递送香料的泡囊、它们的制备及其用途 (Vesicles for delayed delivery of fragrance, their preparation and use ) 是由 G·戴姆斯 N·A·万格达雷 于 2018-12-12 设计创作，主要内容包括：公开了旋转体形状的多层泡囊,其包含两个或更多个同心的脂质双层和香料,其中该泡囊具有介于100与800nm之间的平均直径,该脂质双层包含a)具有大于6的HLB值的至少一种表面活性剂,和b)具有1以上的logP值的两亲性化合物,和其中,该泡囊除了组分a)和b)以外还包含具有1以上的log P值的香料。香料被包封在泡囊中。经包封的香料在储存条件期间是稳定的和该泡囊在其使用时具有持久的香料释放。可以将该泡囊用于化妆品制剂中或洗衣制剂中。(Disclosed are rotator-shaped multi-layered vesicles comprising two or more concentric lipid bilayers having an average diameter between 100 and 800nm and a perfume, the lipid bilayers comprising a) at least one surfactant having an HLB value of more than 6, and b) an amphiphilic compound having a logP value of 1 or more, and wherein the vesicles comprise, in addition to components a) and b), a perfume having a log P value of 1 or more. The perfume is encapsulated in vesicles. The encapsulated perfume is stable during storage conditions and the vesicles have a sustained perfume release upon their use. The vesicles may be used in cosmetic formulations or in laundry formulations.)

1. Multilayered vesicle in the shape of a revolution comprising two or more concentric lipid bilayers having an average diameter between 100 and 800nm and a perfume, wherein the lipid bilayer comprises

a) At least one surfactant having an HLB value greater than 6, and

b) an amphiphilic compound having a log P value of 1 or more, and

wherein the vesicles comprise, in addition to components a) and b), a perfume having a logP value above 1.

2. A vesicle according to claim 1 wherein the vesicle is spherical, ellipsoidal or disc-like in shape.

3. A vesicle according to claim 2 wherein the average diameter of the vesicle is between 100 and 500nm, and wherein the size distribution of the vesicle is a Gaussian distribution with a standard deviation of between 10 and 90% of the average diameter.

4. A vesicle according to claim 3 wherein the average diameter of the vesicle is between 100 and 200 nm.

5. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the vesicles contain as component c) at least one co-surfactant in addition to components a), b) and perfume.

6. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 5 wherein the vesicles contain as component d) at least one wax in addition to or in addition to components a), b) and a perfume.

7. A vesicle according to claims 5 and 6 wherein said vesicle contains a fragrance and components a), b), c) and d).

8. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the vesicles comprise components a), b) and optionally component c) and/or component d), and wherein the encapsulation parameter of the mixture of components a), b) and optionally component c) and/or component d) has a value above 0.5, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.

9. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 8 wherein component a) is a surfactant with an encapsulation parameter above 0.5, which is a non-ionic, cationic, anionic or amphoteric surfactant or a mixture of those surfactants.

10. The vesicle of claim 9, wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from a polyoxyethylene sorbitan ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitol ester, a polyoxyalkylene fatty alcohol ether, a polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, an alkoxylated glyceride, a polyoxyethylene methyl glucoside ester, an alkyl polyglucoside, an EO-PO block polymer, or a combination of two or more thereof, or wherein the anionic surfactant is selected from an olefin sulfonate, an alkane sulfonate, a sulfonate of an alkylbenzene sulfonate, an alkyl ether sulfate, an alkyl sulfate, a sulfosuccinate, an alkyl phosphate, an alkyl ether phosphate, a protein fatty acid condensate, an amino acid based surfactant, a isethionate, a taurate, an acyl lactate, a neutralized fatty acid, or a combination of two or more thereof, or wherein the cationic surfactant is selected from an ester quaternary ammonium salt, ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, C12/14 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl hydroxyethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, or a combination of two or more thereof.

11. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 10 wherein component b) is an ester of a fatty acid, preferably a triglyceride of a fatty acid and/or an ester of a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol, most preferably one or more triglycerides of a fatty acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and/or an ester of a fatty acid having 8 to 24 carbon atoms and a fatty alcohol having 8 to 24 carbon atoms.

12. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 5 to 8 wherein the co-surfactant is selected from sorbitan esters, citric acid esters, lactic acid esters, glycerol partial esters of fatty acids, polyglycerol esters, glycerol esters, polyglycerol esters, sorbitol esters, fatty alcohols, propylene glycol esters, methyl glucoside esters, alkyl polyglucosides, sugar esters or combinations of two or more thereof.

13. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 6 to 8 wherein component d) is a wax of the monoester type.

14. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 13 wherein the vesicles contain as component e) at least one amphiphilic copolymer, preferably polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, vinylpyrrolidone/-hexadecene copolymer, vinylpyrrolidone/eicosene copolymer, silicone oil or derivatives thereof.

15. A vesicle according to at least one of claims 1 to 14 wherein said perfume has a log P value in the range of from 1 to 10.

16. An aqueous composition comprising vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 15 and water, wherein the amount of vesicles is from 0.1 to 60% by weight of the total amount of the composition.

17. A composition according to claim 16 wherein the amount of vesicles is from 1 to 50% by weight of the total composition, preferably from 5 to 20% by weight.

18. A process for the manufacture of vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 15 comprising the steps of:

i) feeding a composition a comprising at least one surfactant of component a) and water to a first inlet line of an emulsifying device,

ii) feeding a composition B comprising at least one amphiphilic compound of component B), a perfume and water to a second inlet line of the emulsifying device,

iii) combining compositions A and B in a turbulent mixing zone in an emulsifying device,

iv) transferring the mixed composition within the emulsification device towards an outlet line, thereby establishing a laminar flow of the mixed components in a region preceding the outlet line, thereby forming vesicles, and

v) discharging the vesicles from the emulsification device via the outlet line.

19. A process according to claim 18 wherein the vesicles formed in the emulsification device are diluted with water in a separate device by introducing the vesicles into water optionally containing additional surfactant.

20. Use of vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 15 in cosmetic and hair care compositions.

21. Use of vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 15 in laundry compositions, preferably in detergents and in fabric softeners.

22. Vesicles according to at least one of claims 1 to 15 providing prolonged perfume release by slow diffusion in laundry, cosmetic and hair care products.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to multi-layer vesicles having high fragrance loading and to their use in cosmetic formulations or in laundry applications.

Background

Many cosmetic and laundry compositions contain perfumes. These are typically mixed directly into compositions such as shampoos, body washes, face washes, solid or liquid soaps or creams and lotions, and left on the hair care product. The disadvantage of this procedure is that in most cases only a small amount of perfume remains on the skin, hair or fabric at the time of use, where it can exert their effect. Most fragrances are typically washed off during use. This results in having to introduce large amounts of expensive fragrances into the formulation in order to obtain the desired effect. However, when suitably high amounts of perfume are used in cosmetic or laundry formulations, this may lead to undesirable skin irritation when using the formulation.

Fragrances are volatile substances. Various encapsulation methods have been used to avoid premature delivery of perfume. Examples thereof are polymer encapsulation or inorganic encapsulation. These methods have been implemented to develop long lasting perfume delivery systems. Polymer capsules, such as melamine formaldehyde, polyacrylate or polyurethane, typically result in microcapsules having a particle size greater than 1 micron that are pressure-triggered to release in laundry applications. The encapsulation of multiple perfumes, particularly water soluble perfumes, having different partition coefficients remains a challenge. Pressure-triggered capsules do release fragrance quickly by friction and therefore do not prolong the duration of the aroma. Diffusion controlled release would be desirable for extended perfume longevity in laundry, cosmetic and hair care products.

EP 1964544 a1 discloses sensitive skin perfumes. These may be encapsulated within water insoluble aminoplast capsules.

WO 2008/061384 a1 discloses a batch process for preparing an emulsion comprising lamellar liquid crystalline particles containing a perfume. The process comprises blending a perfume with an emulsifier capable of forming liquid crystalline structures, at least one fatty alcohol co-emulsifier having at least 22 carbon atoms, an amphiphilicity enhancing material and a selected wax, and slowly adding water to the perfume mixture thus formed and mixing under shear conditions to obtain a stable emulsion. In the formation of the emulsion, a selected surfactant system is used.

US 2007/0105746 a1 discloses compositions for the directed release of fragrances and aromas. During the encapsulation process, polyol phase a is used in combination with phase B comprising perfume, carrier and emulsifier. During the encapsulation process, a solid lipid nanoparticle dispersion (SLN) is formed.

There is still a need for cosmetic or laundry formulations which, on the one hand, keep the amount of perfume used low and thus reduce costs, but, on the other hand, still allow very good effectiveness of the perfume and provide storage-stable formulations.

Disclosure of Invention

If the efficiency of the perfume can be enhanced during use, it will be possible to do so in smaller amounts, meaning that cosmetic or laundry formulations can be produced more cost effectively.

It has been surprisingly found that perfume molecules having a broad distribution coefficient ("Log P") can be encapsulated in multilamellar vesicles comprising two or more concentric lipid bilayers. These vesicles are submicron particles with narrow size distribution and high perfume encapsulation efficiency. The encapsulated perfume is stable under storage conditions and will have a long lasting perfume release upon its use.

The present invention relates to a rotator-shaped multi-layer vesicle comprising two or more concentric lipid bilayers having an average diameter between 100 and 800nm and a perfume, wherein the lipid bilayers comprise

a) At least one surfactant having an HLB value greater than 6, and

b) an amphiphilic compound having a log P value of 1 or more, and

wherein the vesicles comprise, in addition to components a) and b), a perfume having a log P value of 1 or more.

The surfactants of component a) are characterized by an HLB value of greater than 6. The nature of the surfactant is indicated by the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the molecule. The degree of this hydrophile-lipophile balance was determined by calculating the values of different regions of the molecule, as described by Griffin in 1949 and 1954. Griffin's method was developed primarily for nonionic surfactants, as described in the following work in 1954:

HLB＝20*M_h/M

wherein M is_hIs the molecular mass of the hydrophilic part of the molecule, and M is the molecular mass of the whole molecule, giving results in the range of 0 to 20. An HLB value of 0 corresponds to a completely lipophilic molecule, and a value of 20 corresponds to a completely hydrophilic molecule.

The term "HLB" used for the nonionic surfactant in this specification is calculated by the above formula. Griffin's method is disclosed in, for example, Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists,5(4),249-256 (1954).

The term "HLB" as used in this specification for anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactants is calculated by the method of Davies. This method is disclosed, for example, in Gas/Liquid and Liquid/Liquid interfaces proceedingsof 2^ndInternational Congress Surface Activity, pp.426-438, Butterworks, London 1957.

The amphiphilic compounds of component b) are characterized by a log P value of > 1.

The amphiphilic character of component b) can be determined by the partition coefficient riding between octanol and water. The octanol-water partition coefficient (log P) is a measure of the distribution of substances between the aqueous and organic octanol phases and is defined as follows

Examples of calculated and measured log P values are found in a.leo, c.hansch, d.elkins, chemical reviews, Volume 71, No.6, (1971).

Vesicles of the invention have the shape of a body of revolution, such as a sphere or ellipsoid, or a disk or other shape of a solid of revolution.

The average diameter of the vesicles of the invention is between 80 and 800nm, preferably between 100 and 500nm and most preferably between 150 and 400 nm.

The mean diameter is determined by laser diffraction analysis, for example by evaluation using "Mie scattering theory" using Horiba LA 940 or Mastersizer 3000 (from Malvern).

In the case of vesicles having axes of different lengths, such as vesicles having an ellipsoidal or disc-like shape, the largest axis determines the average diameter.

Vesicles of the invention have a narrow particle size distribution of gaussian shape, preferably with a standard deviation of the particle size distribution between 10% and 90% of the mean diameter.

Vesicles of the invention contain at least one perfume having a log P value of 1 or more. The term "logP" is defined above. Perfumes are additional components present in the vesicles in addition to components a) and b).

It has been found that vesicles of the invention can incorporate high amounts of one or more fragrances, for example greater than 30% by weight, relative to the total amount of vesicles. Vesicles having lower amounts of one or more fragrances are also possible.

The vesicles of the invention may optionally contain a co-surfactant as component c) in addition to components a), b) and perfume. Co-surfactants are surfactants that are not capable of forming micelles. The co-surfactant is any amphiphilic substance having an HLB value of 6 or less. Preferred co-surfactants have an HLB value of from 2 to 6.

The vesicles of the invention may optionally contain a wax as component d) in addition to or in addition to components a), b) and perfume.

Preferred are vesicles containing perfume and components a), b) and c).

Preferred are vesicles containing perfume and components a), b) and d).

Preferred are vesicles containing perfume and components a), b), c) and d).

Vesicles of the invention comprise several concentric lipid bilayers. While not being bound by theoretical considerations, it is believed that the lipid bilayer is arranged in the form of an onion shell and the perfume molecules are part of a single lipid bilayer composition. This arrangement provides enhanced storage stability and delayed release of the perfume from the vesicles, as perfume molecules can only leave the vesicles via the outer surface.

Due to the buffer system of the non-perfume amphiphilic compound present in the vesicles of the invention, the delayed release of the different perfumes or perfume components has similar properties as demonstrated in the experimental section below.

The multilayers of vesicles of the invention can adopt a solid gel phase at lower temperatures, but can undergo phase transfer to a fluid state at higher temperatures, and the chemical nature of the amphiphilic compounds that make up such multilayers affects the temperature at which this will occur. For controlled delayed release of fragrance, a multi-layered solid gel state is preferred. The temperature of the phase transfer is very dependent on the solidification point of the amphiphilic components in the lipid multilayers or multilayers. The temperature of the phase transition can be determined, for example, by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC).

For use in fabric softeners, a high transition temperature is required because the laundry is often dried in a tumble dryer at high heat.

Surprisingly, by appropriate selection of the above-mentioned amphiphiles a), b), c) and/or d) or other non-perfume amphiphiles, the temperature of the phase transition from the solid gel phase state to the fluid state can be varied within a wide temperature range, as has been demonstrated in the examples section below.

Preferred are vesicles having a phase transition from a solid gel phase state to a fluid state in the range of 30 ℃ to 90 ℃, preferably 35 ℃ to 80 ℃. This temperature range is preferably selected for optimal release kinetics and to prevent heating of the vesicles.

The lipid bilayer of the vesicles of the invention is formed from a selected combination of perfume and surfactant and amphiphilic compound defined above as components a) and b) (which may optionally additionally contain components c) and/or d)).

According to the invention, mixtures of fragrances with selected components a) and b) and optionally with components c) and/or d) are used, which form multilayer liquid-crystalline structures. Such a structure can be determined by means of an optical microscope using a polarizing microscope. Furthermore, the multilayer liquid crystal structure can be determined by TEM or TEM freeze fracture techniques. Suitable techniques are known to those skilled in the art.

The mixture of perfume forming vesicles of the invention with components a) and b) and optionally with components c) and/or d) is selected so as to form a multilayer liquid crystalline structure. The choice of the perfume and the appropriate amounts of components a) and b) and optionally with components c) and/or d) is possible by simple manual experimentation.

The mixture of perfume forming vesicles of the invention with components a) and b) and optionally with components c) and/or d) is selected so that multi-layered vesicles having an average diameter of less than 800nm are obtainable in water or a selected aqueous medium. The aqueous medium may contain further additives, such as electrolytes, polyols, such as glycerol, polyethylene glycol or propylene glycol esters, or water-soluble vitamins.

According to the invention, the vesicles contain a perfume capable of forming a lyotropic lamellar liquid crystalline phase and components a) and b) and optionally components c) and/or d). The formation of the liquid crystalline structure depends substantially on the geometry of the perfume, components a) and b) and optionally components c) and/or d), which can be represented by the encapsulation parameter PP.

PP＝V₀/(a_e*l₀)

V₀The volume of the tail part of the surfactant,

a_ethe equilibrium volume of each molecule at the aggregation interface,

l₀tail length.

The encapsulation parameter PP can be assigned to a chemical species, for example to a surfactant of component a), b), c) or d) or to a perfume.

If several chemical species are present in a certain concentration to form a mixture of these species, the encapsulation parameter PP of the mixture can be calculated_{Mixture of}。

The encapsulation parameters of the mixture are defined by the following formula:

PP_{mixture of}＝(∑c_i*PP_i)/c_{General assembly}，

Wherein

PP_iThe encapsulation parameter for a single species i,

c_iis the concentration of the individual species i in percent by weight, and

c_{general assembly}Is the total concentration of all i species in the mixture.

Depending on their encapsulation parameters, components a) and b) form different aggregates. The encapsulation parameter PP obtained by combining components a) and b) optionally with components c) and/or d) to form the lyotropic spherical lamellar liquid crystalline structure required for embedding a fragrance_{Mixture of}Is at least 0.5 and preferably in the range between 0.5 and 1.

PP or PP with an encapsulation parameter_{Mixture of}<The 0.5 compound forms micelles. However, micelles exist in dynamic equilibrium and constantly collapse and re-establish. For this reason, micelles are not very suitable as storage media for other ingredients. As the encapsulation parameters are moved into the range of 0.3-0.5, the compound or mixture of compounds forms rod-like micelles. Has the advantages of>0.5-<1 preferably form vesicles. Preferably, the sandwich bilayer is formed at an encapsulation parameter of about 1. According to the invention, the components a) and b) and optionally the components c) and/or d) are then used, which can be present in a spherical lyotropic lamellar liquid crystalline phase. In the lyotropic state, the perfume molecules are for example stored between the components forming the desired vesicle structure. The hydrophilic moiety of the component may vary depending on the desired adhesion to the substrate thereafter. For example, hydrophilic moieties can be altered to adhere to human skin or textile fibers.

Vesicles of the invention are preferably formed when all of the vesicles participating in the mixture of surfactant and amphiphilic molecule have an encapsulation parameter above 0.5, more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1. This range is effective for spherical vesicles. If the shape of the vesicles is ellipsoidal or disc-like, the values of the encapsulation parameters are shifted to higher values.

HLB values can be correlated to encapsulation parameters and to Log P values. It is therefore quite clear that the perfume molecules encapsulated in the vesicles are part of a bilayer.

The introduction of fragrance into the multi-layered liquid crystalline structure of the vesicles will alter the encapsulation parameters of the mixture of vesicles loaded with fragrance.

Encapsulation of the lipids within the bilayer also affects its mechanical properties, including its resistance to stretching and bending and the release kinetics and/or release concentration, including the encapsulated perfume.

Surprisingly, vesicles of the invention can encapsulate perfume with a very broad log P range if components a) and b) and optionally c) and/or d) are present in a multilayer liquid crystalline structure.

To match the encapsulation parameters required to form vesicles with embedded perfume of greater than about 0.5, preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 and most preferably from 0.5 to 1, it is desirable that components a) and b) and optionally c) and/or d) have sufficiently high encapsulation parameters. The surfactants used of component a) may have a nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric structure. The surface charge of the vesicles can thus be adapted to the surface charge of the field of application of the perfume. This allows for maximum deposition of fragrance.

The surfactant of component a) may be a nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric surfactant, provided that these have an HLB value of greater than 6.

Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants of component a) are polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitol esters, polyoxyalkylene fatty alcohol ethers, polyoxyalkylene fatty acid esters, alkoxylated glycerides, polyoxyethylene methyl glucoside esters, alkyl polyglucosides, EO-PO block polymers, or combinations of two or more thereof.

Examples of anionic surfactants of component a) are olefin sulfonates, alkane sulfonates, sulfonates of alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfates, sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphates, alkyl ether phosphates, protein fatty acid condensates, collagen hydrolysates preferably modified with fatty acids, amino acid based surfactants, isethionates, taurates, acyl lactylates, neutralized fatty acids or combinations of two or more thereof.

Examples of cationic surfactants of component a) are esterquat, ditallow dimethyl ammonium chloride, C12/14 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, alkyl hydroxyethyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dihydrogenated tallow alkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride or combinations of two or more thereof.

Examples of amphoteric surfactants of component a) are alkyl amphoacetates, alkyl amidopropyl betaines, alkyl amidopropyl dimethylamine betaines, undecenylamidopropyl betaine, alkyl dimethylamine oxides.

Preferred vesicles of the invention contain as component a) a nonionic surfactant having an HLB value greater than 6, more preferably a polyoxyalkylene fatty alcohol ether, a polyoxyalkylene fatty acid ester, a collagen hydrolysate with modified fatty acids, or a combination of two or more thereof, most preferably component a) is a polyoxyalkylene C₈-C₂₄Fatty alcohol ethers, polyoxyalkylene radicals C₈-C₂₄Fatty acid esters, with C₈-C₂₄-a fatty acid modified collagen hydrolysate, or a combination of two or more thereof.

Examples of amphiphilic compounds b) are esters of fatty acids, preferably triglycerides of fatty acids or esters of fatty acids and fatty alcohols or combinations thereof.

Triglycerides of fatty acids or esters of fatty acids and fatty alcohols are amphiphilic components that are not capable of forming micelles. Their amphiphilicity characteristics are expressed by Log P values above 1. For example, for caprylic/capric triglyceride, Log P is 4.

Examples of triglycerides of fatty acids are one or more glycerides of fatty acids having between 8 and 24 carbon atoms. Examples of esters of fatty acids and fatty alcohols are esters of fatty acids having between 8 and 24 carbon atoms and fatty alcohols having between 8 and 24 carbon atoms. The fatty acid moieties of these esters may be derived from saturated and/or ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic fatty acids. The unsaturated fatty acid may have one or more ethylenically unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds. Preferably, the triglycerides comprise fatty acid groups from different fatty acids.

Preferred vesicles of the invention contain as component b) triglycerides of one or more fatty acids having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and/or esters of fatty acids having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms with fatty alcohols having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.

Examples of suitable co-surfactants of component c) are sorbitan esters, citric acid esters, lactic acid esters, partial esters of fatty acids glycerol, polyglycerol esters, glycerol esters, polyglycerol esters, sorbitol esters, fatty alcohols, propylene glycol esters, methyl glucoside esters, alkyl polyglucosides, sugar esters or combinations of two or more thereof.

Examples of suitable waxes for component d) are waxes of the monoester type. Since waxes are amphiphilic, their amphiphilic behavior can be described by Log P values. Preferred waxes have Log P values above 4.7, most preferably above 6. As the hydrocarbon number increases above C13, as is the case with most wax compositions, Log P values above 6 are found. Waxes are further characterized by their solidification point, which is typically between 30 and 100 ℃. Waxes are organic compounds, which typically consist of long alkyl chains. They may also include various functional groups such as fatty acids, primary and secondary long chain alcohols, unsaturated bonds, aromatics, amides, ketones and aldehydes. They also often contain fatty acid esters.

The waxes used as component d) in the present invention may be synthetic waxes, animal or vegetable origin or montan waxes.

Optionally, the surfactant mixture forming the lipid bilayer of the vesicles may contain, in addition to components a), b) and optionally c) and/or d), a further polymeric amphiphilic component e).

Examples of such further components e) are polymers, such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, Vinylpyrrolidone (VP)/hexadecene copolymers, VP/eicosene copolymers or silicone oils and their derivatives. Likewise, these amphiphiles can be assigned Log P values.

The amount of the one or more surfactants of component a) in the lipid bilayer of the vesicles of the invention may vary over a wide range. Typical amounts of these surfactants in the lipid bilayer may be between 0.1 and 95 wt%, preferably between 10 and 40 wt%, with respect to the total weight of the lipid bilayer.

The amount of amphiphilic component b) in the lipid bilayer of the vesicles of the invention may vary within a wide range. Typical amounts of component b) in the lipid bilayer may be between 0.1 and 95 wt.%, preferably between 10 and 40 wt.%, with respect to the total weight of the lipid bilayer.

The amount of co-surfactant of component c) in the lipid bilayer of the vesicles of the invention may also vary over a wide range. Typical amounts of co-surfactant in the lipid bilayer may be between 0.1 and 50 wt%, preferably between 1 and 10 wt%, with respect to the total weight of the lipid bilayer.

The amount of wax of component d) in the lipid bilayer of the vesicles of the invention may also vary within wide ranges. Typical amounts of these waxes in the lipid bilayer may be between 0.1 and 50 wt%, preferably between 3 and 10 wt%, with respect to the total weight of the lipid bilayer.

The amount of the further polymeric amphiphilic component e) in the lipid bilayer of the vesicles of the invention may also vary within wide ranges. Typical amounts of component e) may be between 0.1 and 50 wt.%, preferably between 3 and 30 wt.%, with respect to the total weight of the lipid bilayer.

In the vesicles of the invention, perfume molecules having a wide range of Log P, for example in the range of 0.1 to 10, preferably in the range of 1 to 6, can be encapsulated with high encapsulation efficiency.

According to the invention, perfume is understood to mean a fragrant oil. The bases of flavors are usually essential oils, flower oils, extracts from plant and animal medicines, fragrances isolated from natural products, chemically modified (semi-synthetic) fragrances and fragrances obtained by purely synthetic means.

The perfume here can be derived from a large number of plant starting materials. Examples thereof include the following: flowers, such as lavender, rose, jasmine, orange blossom; stems and leaves, for example from geranium, patchouli, bitter orange leaves, fruits, such as fennel, coriander, caraway, juniper; pericarp, for example from citrus, such as bergamot, lemon, orange; seeds, such as nutmeg, angelica, celery, cardamom; roots, such as angelica, aucklandia root, iris, grassleaved sweetflag rhizome; wood, such as sandalwood, guaiacum, cedar, rosewood; herbs and grasses such as tarragon, lemon grass, sage, thyme; conifers and branches, such as from spruce, fir, pine, dwarf; resins and balsams, e.g. from galbanaum, elemi, benzoin, myrrh, mastic, ledebouriella root.

The animal raw materials include ambergris, Moschus, civet, and castoreum.

Examples of semi-synthetic fragrances are isoeugenol, vanillin, hydroxycitronellal, citronellol, geranyl acetate, ionone and methyl ionone. Fully synthetic scents or flavors are very diverse and often adapt themselves to natural substances. For the description of fragrances, see, for exampleChemielexikon, 9 th edition, keyword "parfums [ perfumes ]]"," Richcstoffe [ flavoring agent]"," duftstoffe [ perfume ] or]". Additional suitable fragrances are known to those skilled in the art.

For example, the perfume may be introduced into the spaces between the hydrophobic moieties of the amphiphilic components a), b) and optionally c), d) and/or e) and stored there. It is thus possible to dissolve the perfume and prevent the perfume from crystallizing out. This allows, inter alia, to prepare cosmetic or laundry formulations having a skin-friendly pH and additionally improves the skin-friendliness of the composition by preventing the perfume from crystallizing out. The mixture of amphiphilic components used according to the invention having a perfume dissolved therein spreads on application to the skin, meaning that the application of the perfume to the skin is improved.

Preferably, the vesicles of the invention are provided in an aqueous composition in a vesicle amount of 0.1 to 60% by weight, preferably 1 to 50% by weight, most preferably 5 to 20% by weight of the total composition. The aqueous composition may consist of only water, water and electrolyte or water and polyol or water and alcohol. The polyol may consist of: propylene glycol esters, polypropylene glycols, glycerol, polyglycerol, sorbitol, isosorbide or dimethyl isosorbide.

Vesicles of the invention can be prepared by feeding the components that make up the vesicles to an emulsification device used to make the nanoemulsion. An example of such an emulsifying device is disclosed in US 2013/0201785a 1.

In this document, an emulsifying device for the continuous production of emulsions and/or dispersions is disclosed, comprising

a) At least one mixing apparatus comprising a rotationally symmetrical chamber which is hermetically sealed on all sides, at least one inlet line for introducing the free-flowing components, at least one outlet line for discharging the mixed free-flowing components, a stirring unit ensuring laminar flow, which stirring unit comprises a stirring element fixed on a stirring shaft, the rotation axis of which shaft extends along the symmetry axis of the chamber, the stirring shaft of which stirring unit is guided on at least one side, wherein at least one inlet line is arranged upstream or below the at least one outlet line, wherein the ratio between the distance between the inlet line and the outlet line and the diameter of the chamber is ≥ 2:1, wherein the ratio between the distance between the inlet line and the outlet line and the length of the stirring arm of the stirring element is from 3:1 to 50:1, and wherein the ratio of the diameter of the stirring shaft, based on the inner diameter of the chamber, is from 0.25 to 0.75 times the inner diameter of the chamber, whereby the components introduced into the mixing device via at least one inlet line are stirred and continuously transported by means of a turbulent mixing zone on the inlet side, in which the components are mixed in a turbulent manner by means of the shear forces imparted by the stirring unit, downstream of which the components are additionally mixed and in which the turbulent flow is reduced penetrating the mixing zone, a laminar mixing zone on the outlet side, in which zone a lyotropic liquid-crystal phase is established in the mixture of the components in the direction of the outlet line,

b) a drive for at least one stirring unit, and

c) at least one delivery device per component or per component mixture.

The present invention also relates to a process for preparing vesicles of the invention comprising the steps of

i) Feeding a composition a comprising at least one surfactant of component a) and water to a first inlet line of an emulsifying device,

ii) feeding a composition B comprising at least one amphiphilic compound of component B), a perfume and water to a second inlet line of the emulsifying device,

iii) combining compositions A and B in a turbulent mixing zone in an emulsifying device,

iv) transferring the mixed composition within the emulsifying device towards an outlet line, thereby establishing a laminar flow of the mixed components in a region preceding said outlet line, thereby forming vesicles, and

v) discharging the vesicles from the emulsification device via an outlet line.

In a preferred embodiment of the process of the invention, the vesicles formed in the emulsification device are diluted with water or an aqueous phase. This can be done in a separate device by introducing the vesicles into water optionally containing additional surfactant. The aqueous composition may consist of only water, water and electrolyte or water and polyol. The polyol may consist of: propylene glycol esters, polypropylene glycols, glycerol, polyglycerol, sorbitol, isosorbide or dimethyl isosorbide.

The vesicles of the invention may preferably be used in cosmetic or laundry formulations.

The cosmetic preparation is preferably a skin treatment composition or a hair treatment composition.

The laundry formulation is preferably a laundry additive, detergent or fabric softener.

Cosmetic or laundry formulations usually comprise further typical ingredients of these formulations. However, the combination of perfume-containing vesicles, water and optionally other substances can also be used, as can the vesicles and water themselves, for producing hair-or skin-cleansing compositions or for producing detergents and/or fabric softeners. Such hair cleansing and/or skin cleansing compositions may be present in any desired suitable form, for example as a shampoo, shower gel, facial cleanser or soap.

Such detergents or fabric softeners may be present in any desired suitable form, for example as a powder or concentrate.

In addition to the storage effect, the vesicles of the invention also allow a broad protection of the perfume from oxidative decomposition. If appropriate, further antioxidants may also be added.

Even without the addition of antioxidants, the perfume in the vesicles in the cosmetic or laundry composition according to the invention is significantly better protected against oxidation than in the conventional application forms.

The present invention also relates to the use of the vesicles described above in a cosmetic composition, preferably a composition for skin treatment or for hair treatment.

The invention furthermore relates to the use of the vesicles described above in laundry compositions, preferably in detergents or in fabric softeners.

The invention is illustrated in more detail by the following examples.

Examples