Needle mushroom strain preservation culture medium, needle mushroom culture material and application thereof
阅读说明：本技术 金针菇菌种保藏培养基、金针菇培养料及其应用 (Needle mushroom strain preservation culture medium, needle mushroom culture material and application thereof ) 是由 孙瑞祥 王磊 杨树德 程显好 王璐 高可 唐琦 刘瑞辰 于 2020-06-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种用于金针菇菌种保藏培养基,包含金针菇根组织液和基础培养基；所述金针菇根组织液是通过包括下述步骤的方法制备得到的：除去金针菇根基部的培养料,将金针菇根部榨汁。本发明还提供了金针菇菌种的保藏的方法。本发明的另一方面还提供了金针菇培养料及用其培养金针菇的方法。本发明通过将金针菇根组织液加入培养基中,使菌种继代时间明显延长,延长了菌种的使用期限。(The invention provides a culture medium for preserving flammulina velutipes strains, which comprises flammulina velutipes root tissue fluid and a basic culture medium; the needle mushroom root tissue fluid is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: removing culture medium from needle mushroom root, and squeezing. The invention also provides a method for preserving the flammulina velutipes strains. The invention also provides a needle mushroom culture material and a method for culturing needle mushrooms by using the needle mushroom culture material. According to the invention, the needle mushroom root tissue fluid is added into the culture medium, so that the subculture time of the strain is obviously prolonged, and the service life of the strain is prolonged.)
1. A culture medium for preserving flammulina velutipes strains is characterized by comprising flammulina velutipes root tissue fluid and a basic culture medium;
the needle mushroom root tissue fluid is prepared by the method comprising the following steps:
removing culture medium from needle mushroom root, and squeezing.
2. The needle mushroom species preservation medium of claim 1, wherein the culture medium is prepared by culturing the culture medium in mL: g, the ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue fluid to the basic culture medium is 1: 3-5.
3. The needle mushroom strain preservation medium according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the basal medium is a potato dextrose agar medium.
4. Use of a needle mushroom culture preservation medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for needle mushroom culture preservation, comprising: sterilizing the prepared needle mushroom strain preservation culture medium, and then inoculating needle mushroom strains on the sterilized and cooled needle mushroom strain preservation culture medium.
5. Use according to claim 4, wherein the inoculation of the needle mushroom species is by inoculating the seed pieces with an inoculating hook.
6. A culture medium for producing needle mushroom comprises solid material, water and needle mushroom root tissue fluid;
wherein the solid material consists of cottonseed hulls, bran and gypsum;
the ratio of the solid material to water is 1: 1-1.5;
the volume ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue fluid to water is 1: 9-10.
7. The needle mushroom compost of claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the cottonseed hulls to the bran to the gypsum in the solid material is 35-45: 8-10: 1.
8. a method for preparing a needle mushroom compost according to claim 6 or 7, comprising:
1) weighing a proper amount of solid materials, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
2) mixing appropriate amount of water and appropriate amount of needle mushroom root tissue fluid to obtain mixed solution;
3) mixing the mixed solution with the solid material, packaging into bacteria bottles, and sterilizing.
9. A method for culturing needle mushrooms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) inoculating a proper amount of needle mushroom strains into a fungus bottle of the needle mushroom compost as claimed in claim 6 or 7, and culturing in a dark environment at 18 ℃;
2) after the bag is filled with hypha, scratching off the surface material level of the fungus bottle, and injecting sterilized mixed liquid containing needle mushroom root tissue liquid into the fungus bottle;
3) placing the fungus bottle after the step 2) in an environment with the temperature of 16 ℃ and the relative humidity of air of 87% until the material surface of the fungus bottle forms primordium;
4) when the primordium grows to about 3-4cm, reducing the temperature to 10-16 ℃, and adjusting the humidity to 90% until harvesting;
the mixed liquid containing the needle mushroom root tissue liquid is formed by mixing the needle mushroom root tissue liquid and water, wherein the ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue liquid to the water is 1: 9-10.
10. The method for culturing Flammulina velutipes according to claim 9, wherein the ratio of the mixed solution to the mushroom bottle is 1: 40: 60, adding a solvent to the mixture; preferably 1: 50.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of edible fungus strain preservation, edible fungus production and processing, and particularly relates to a method for preserving flammulina velutipes strains and producing flammulina velutipes.
Background
In recent years, the industrialized production of the flammulina velutipes is rapidly developed, flammulina velutipes production enterprises quickly rise, and the whole situation of the industry is better. However, the source and preservation of the strain become important factors limiting the development of domestic flammulina velutipes enterprises. At present, the strain sources of golden mushroom enterprises in China are mainly introduced abroad, the introduction cost is high, and the strain introduction can be carried out for 3 to 4 months each time; however, the flammulina velutipes strains are easy to degenerate, and powder spores are easy to generate in the storage process, so that the normal use of the strains is influenced, and the fruiting capacity of the strains is reduced. Therefore, the cultivation of new species and the prolongation of the preservation time of the strains are the problems which are urgently solved by enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above needs, the invention aims to provide a culture medium which can inhibit the sporulation of needle mushroom powder and prolong the preservation time of needle mushroom strains, and the needle mushroom culture material provided by the invention can obviously promote the growth of fruiting bodies.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a culture medium for preserving Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing strain comprises Flammulina velutipes (Fr.) Sing root tissue fluid and basal culture medium;
the needle mushroom root tissue fluid is prepared by the method comprising the following steps:
removing culture medium from needle mushroom root, and squeezing.
The culture medium can inhibit spore formation of needle mushroom powder and prolong the storage time of needle mushroom strain.
In one embodiment according to the present invention, the ratio of the total amount of the compound in mL: g, the ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue fluid to the basic culture medium is 1: 3-5.
In one embodiment according to the invention, the basal medium is potato dextrose agar medium.
The invention also provides an application of the culture medium for preserving the strains of the needle mushrooms in the preservation of the strains of the needle mushrooms, which comprises the following steps: sterilizing the prepared needle mushroom strain preservation culture medium, and then inoculating needle mushroom strains on the sterilized and cooled needle mushroom strain preservation culture medium.
Further, the inoculation method of the flammulina velutipes strains is to transfer strain blocks by using an inoculation hook.
In still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a culture material for producing needle mushrooms, comprising a solid material, water and a needle mushroom root tissue fluid;
wherein the solid material consists of cottonseed hulls, bran and gypsum;
the ratio of the solid material to water is 1: 1-1.5;
the volume ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue fluid to water is 1: 9-10.
In one embodiment according to the invention, the mass ratio of cottonseed hulls, bran and gypsum in the solid material is 35-45: 8-10: 1.
further provides a preparation method of the needle mushroom compost, which comprises the following steps:
1) weighing a proper amount of solid materials, and fully stirring and uniformly mixing the raw materials;
2) mixing appropriate amount of water and appropriate amount of needle mushroom root tissue fluid to obtain mixed solution;
3) mixing the mixed solution with the solid material, packaging into bacteria bottles, and sterilizing.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for culturing flammulina velutipes, comprising:
1) inoculating a proper amount of needle mushroom strains into a fungus bottle of the needle mushroom compost as claimed in claim 6 or 7, and culturing in a dark environment at 18 ℃;
2) after the hypha is full of the bottle, scratching off the surface material level of the fungus bottle, and injecting the sterilized mixed solution containing the needle mushroom root tissue fluid into the fungus bottle;
3) placing the fungus bottle after the step 2) in an environment with the temperature of 16 ℃ and the relative humidity of air of 87% until the material surface of the fungus bottle forms primordium;
4) when the primordium grows to about 3-4cm, reducing the temperature to 10-16 ℃, and adjusting the humidity to 90% until harvesting;
the mixed liquid containing the needle mushroom root tissue liquid is formed by mixing the needle mushroom root tissue liquid and water, wherein the ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue liquid to the water is 1: 9-10.
Further, the ratio of the mixed solution to the bacteria bottle is 1: 40-60 parts; preferably 1: 50.
the culture medium for preserving the flammulina velutipes strains can prolong the growth time of flammulina velutipes hyphae in a plate, so that the hyphae are white and strong; the subculture time of the flammulina velutipes strains is obviously prolonged, and the service life of the strains is prolonged.
The culture material for producing the flammulina velutipes provided by the invention can enable hyphae to be thicker; can promote the growth of fruiting body. The invention prolongs the preservation time of the flammulina velutipes strains by utilizing the flammulina velutipes root tissue fluid and promotes the growth vigor of the flammulina velutipes. The method of the invention has simple application and easily obtained raw materials; compared with other additives, the needle mushroom root tissue fluid is green and safe in application process and accords with the production regulation of green products; the growth vigor of the fruiting body is promoted on the basis of the utilization of the mushroom roots; the needle mushroom root tissue fluid is added during material mixing and water injection, so that the consumption of water resources can be reduced; after the needle mushroom roots extract the tissue fluid, the drying speed of the rest part can be increased, and the power consumption is reduced compared with the normal drying.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the generation of powdery spores on
FIG. 2 shows the growth conditions of 20-day old strains on the sixth day; wherein, the ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue fluid added in the basic culture medium a, b and c is 0 percent, 10 percent and 20 percent respectively.
FIG. 3 shows the fruiting body growth status of needle mushroom 12 days after mushroom mycelium stimulation, wherein the addition ratio of the needle mushroom root tissue fluid in the culture medium a and b is 0% and 10% respectively.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the present application but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Specific embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below. These embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the definitions of the appended claims.
Unless otherwise specified, the reagents used in the present invention are commercially available.